JP2023037216A - Earth and sand loading system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an earth and sand loading system that is able to reduce a burden on a crane operator and is able to secure safety.SOLUTION: A bucket 1 includes: a bucket body 11 with a rectangular cross section having an opening on an upper side and a lower side; a bottom lid 12 having a suspending portion to which a leading end of a pulling body 16 is detachably attached, and configured to open/close the lower opening of the bucket body 11; and a plurality of projecting pieces 17 projecting from sides of the bucket body 11. Formed on each projecting piece 17 of the bucket 1 are: a guide surface inclined away from the bucket body 11 from a lower side to an upper side; and a support surface adjacent to an upper side end of the guide surface and supported by an upper open peripheral edge of a hopper 2.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an earth and sand loading system for loading earth and sand such as excavated earth generated in construction and civil engineering work onto the platform of a transportation vehicle such as a dump truck.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is known a bottom-opening bucket for carrying out earth and sand such as excavated soil generated in construction and civil engineering work (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The bucket of Patent Document 1 includes a main wire from which the main body can be suspended, and an auxiliary wire connected to the bottom lid of the bucket. , the bottom lid is opened to discharge (drop) the soil in the bucket outside the bucket.

Utility Model Registration No. 3072339

However, in the conventional technology, both the work of aligning the hopper loaded on the platform of the transport vehicle and the work of opening and closing the bottom lid must be performed on the crane side that suspends the bucket, which places a heavy burden on the crane operator. In addition, if the direction of the bucket is swayed by strong winds or crane rotation, it is necessary for the worker to correct the sway using an intermediary rope, etc., which raises safety concerns.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems, reduce the burden on the crane operator, and provide an earth and sand loading system capable of ensuring safety.

The earth and sand loading system of the present invention comprises a bucket for storing earth and sand, and a hopper for loading the earth and sand thrown from the bucket onto the platform of a transportation vehicle. A bucket body having a rectangular cross-section having an opening and a suspension part to which the tip of a picker is detachably attached are formed. and a plurality of overhanging pieces, wherein the hopper is connected to an upper cylindrical body having a circular cross-section and having openings at the top and bottom, and the opening at the bottom of the upper cylindrical body, the diameter of which decreases downward. A hopper body having a funnel and a pedestal supporting the hopper body are provided, and the projecting piece of the bucket has a guide surface inclined away from the bucket body from the bottom to the top, and the guide surface. and a supporting surface that is adjacent to the upper end of the upper cylindrical body and supported by the peripheral edge of the upper opening of the upper cylindrical body.
Furthermore, in the earth and sand loading system of the present invention, a round bar may be attached to the guide surface of the projecting piece.
Further, in the earth and sand loading system of the present invention, arc-shaped steel plates may be evenly and replaceably attached to the opening peripheral portion above the upper cylinder.
Further, in the earth and sand loading system of the present invention, fan-shaped steel plates may be evenly and replaceably attached to the inner peripheral surface of the funnel body of the hopper body.
Furthermore, in the earth and sand loading system of the present invention, a sludge leveler for leveling the earth and sand loaded on the loading platform of the transport vehicle may be attached to the mount so as to be vertically movable.
Further, in the earth and sand loading system of the present invention, a hopper moving mechanism for moving the hopper body up and down is provided, the hopper moving mechanism urges the hopper body upward, and the bucket moves to the hopper body. In the unsupported state, the hopper body is moved to the upper limit position, and when the bucket is supported by the hopper body, the hopper body is moved to the lower limit position against the biasing force of the hopper moving mechanism. Also good.

According to the present invention, the crane operator can reduce the burden of the alignment work of aligning the bucket with the hopper, and the operator does not need to correct the deviation using an intermediary rope or the like, so safety is improved. There is an effect that can be ensured.

1 is a perspective view showing the configuration of an embodiment of an earth and sand loading system according to the present invention; FIG. FIG. 2 is a side view showing the configuration of the bucket shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 2 is a side view showing the configuration of the hopper shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 2 is a top view showing the configuration of the hopper main body shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the earth and sand loading operation of the earth and sand loading system according to the present invention; FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the earth and sand loading operation of the earth and sand loading system according to the present invention; FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the earth and sand loading operation of the earth and sand loading system according to the present invention; It is a side view which shows the structure of the hopper moving mechanism which moves the hopper main body shown in FIG. 1 up and down.

Next, modes for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as "embodiments") will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
Referring to FIG. 1, the earth and sand loading system of the present embodiment comprises a bucket 1 for storing earth and sand such as excavated soil, and a hopper 2 for loading the earth and sand thrown from the bucket 1 onto a loading platform of a transport vehicle such as a dump truck. and

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the bucket 1 includes a bucket body 11 having a rectangular cross section with openings at the top and bottom, and two bottom lids 12 with a double-door structure for opening and closing the bottom opening of the bucket body 11. It has The bucket main body 11 and the two bottom lids 12 form a so-called bottom-opening bucket. The two bottom covers 12 are pivotally supported by hinge mechanisms 13 provided on opposite sides of the lower opening of the bucket body 11, and are opened downward from the center as indicated by dotted lines in FIG. The bucket main body 11 and the bottom lid 12 are made of, for example, a steel plate and reinforced with a steel material so as not to be deformed even when soil is contained.

Plate-like members having through holes 14 formed therein are provided on both side surfaces of the bottom lid 12 . The through-hole 14 functions as a suspending portion to which the tip of a puller 16 such as a wire attached to the suspending beam 15 is detachably attached. As a result, the bucket 1 is horizontally suspended by the four hanging bodies 16 attached to the suspension girder 15 via the suspension girder 15 suspended from the crane boom of the crane.

The bucket body 11 is provided with a plurality of projecting pieces 17 projecting sideways. In this embodiment, the overhanging pieces 17 are made of steel, and are provided at four corners of the bucket body 11 and eight central locations on four sides thereof. The projecting piece 17 is provided for the purpose of preventing contact between the bucket body 11 and the hopper 2 . Therefore, the number of projecting pieces 17 is not particularly limited, and it is preferable to provide an appropriate number that can achieve the purpose.

The protruding piece 17 has a guide surface 17a that slopes away from the bucket body 11 from the bottom to the top, and a support surface 17b that is a horizontal surface adjacent to the upper end of the guide surface 17a. A round bar 18 is attached to the guide surface 17a by welding or the like. In addition, the support surfaces 17b of the respective overhanging pieces 17 are formed at positions that are equidistant from the central axis of the bucket body 11 in the horizontal direction.

Furthermore, a connection ring 19 is provided to connect the ends (open ends) of the projecting pieces 17 and reinforce the projecting pieces 17 . In this embodiment, an octagonal connecting ring 19 is attached to the opposite surface (upper surface) of the support surface 17b. Note that the shape of the connection ring 19 may be other shapes such as a circle.

The hopper 2 includes a hopper body 20 and a pedestal 30 that supports the hopper body 20. - 特許庁

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 3, the hopper body 20 is connected to an upper cylinder 21 having a circular cross-section with openings at the top and bottom, and a lower open part of the upper cylinder 21 so that the diameter decreases downward. a funnel body 22 connected to the lower opening of the funnel body 22, a lower cylindrical body 23 having a circular cross section having openings at the upper and lower sides, and a lower cylindrical body 23 connected to the lower part of the lower cylindrical body 23 to prevent the scattering of earth and sand and anti-scattering rubber 24 for preventing In addition, in FIG. 3, in order to clarify the structure of the hopper main body 20, a part of the structure of the pedestal 30 is omitted.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, an arcuate bucket wear-resistant steel plate 25 is evenly attached to the peripheral edge of the upper opening of the upper cylindrical body 21 . The bucket wear-resistant steel plate 25 is intended to be worn or damaged due to contact with the bucket 1, and is attached by a countersunk bolt so as to be replaceable.

A fan-shaped sediment wear-resistant steel plate 26 is evenly attached to the inner peripheral surface of the lower cylindrical body 23 . The sediment wear-resistant steel plate 26 is assumed to be worn or damaged due to contact with the sediment thrown in from the bucket 1, and is attached by a countersunk bolt so as to be replaceable.

Furthermore, a grizzly river 27 is attached to the inner circumference of the lower cylinder 23 in a mesh shape to limit the diameter of the earth and sand.

A dashed line shown in FIG. 4 indicates the bucket body 11 and the support surface 17 b of the overhanging piece 17 . Referring to FIG. 4, the diameter of the hopper body 20 is set larger than the diagonal length of the bucket body 11 . When the bucket body 11 is positioned substantially in the center of the hopper body 20 and the axis of the bucket body 11 and the axis of the hopper body 20 are substantially aligned, the supporting surfaces 17b of all the overhanging pieces 17 are aligned with the upper cylindrical body. 21 is arranged so as to abut on a bucket wear-resistant countermeasure steel plate 25 attached to the peripheral edge of the upper opening of 21 .

The platform 30 is a gate-shaped frame that supports the hopper body 20 so that the loading platform of the dump truck 4 can enter below the hopper body 20 . Mounted around the hopper body 20 supported by a cradle 30 is an inspection platform 32 that can be climbed by a ladder 31 . By having the worker go up to the inspection platform 32, the maintenance of the bucket wear resistant steel plate 25 and the sediment wear resistant steel plate 26 can be performed.

The muck leveler 33 is a rod-shaped body that is stretched over the left and right frames of the gantry 30, and has a function of leveling the height of earth and sand (muck) loaded on the loading platform as the dump truck 4 travels. Further, the shear smoothing 33 is configured such that its vertical position can be adjusted along the guide 34 . Thereby, the vertical position of the muck smoothing 33 can be set according to the dump truck 4 (the height of the loading platform).

The adjustment of the vertical position of the shear smoothing 33 may be manually performed by an operator using a manual chain block (not shown) or may be performed by a power source such as a motor or cylinder (not shown). When a power source is used, the height of the dump truck 4 (the height of the loading platform) can be determined by an input or a sensor (not shown), and the vertical position of the scrap leveler 33 can be adjusted automatically.

Next, the earth and sand carry-out operation by the earth and sand loading system of this embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7. FIG.

The bucket 1 is placed on the ground (preferably leveled surface) in the vicinity of the site where earth and sand are generated in construction and civil engineering work, and the earth and sand are stored in the bucket body 11 using a backhoe or the like. When the bucket 1 is placed on the ground, the bottom lid 12 is closed as indicated by the solid line in FIG.

Next, the bucket 1 is suspended by a crane via the hanging girder 15 and moved to the installation place of the hopper 2. - 特許庁Note that even when the bucket 1 is suspended, the bottom lid 12 is closed as indicated by the solid line in FIG.

Next, the bucket 1 suspended by the crane is lowered toward the upper surface of the hopper body 20 as shown in FIG. At this time, even if the bucket 1 and the hopper main body 20 are misaligned in the horizontal direction, the guide surface 17a (round bar 18) of the projecting piece 17 is attached to the upper opening of the hopper main body 20 (upper cylindrical body 21). The bucket 1 is guided in the direction in which the axis of the bucket body 11 and the axis of the hopper body 20 are aligned. As a result, the crane operator can reduce the burden of alignment work for aligning the bucket 1 with the hopper 2 . In addition, since it is not necessary for the operator to use an intervening rope or the like to correct the blurring, safety can be ensured.

By further lowering the suspended bucket 1 with a crane, the axial center of the bucket body 11 and the axial center of the hopper body 20 are brought into a state of being substantially aligned, and as shown in FIG. The bucket 1 is placed on the hopper main body 20 by supporting the support surfaces 17b of all the overhanging pieces 17 by the bucket wear-resistant steel plates 25 attached to the peripheral portion.

With the support surface 17b supported, when the tension of the load body 16 is loosened by a crane, the bottom lid 12 is opened by the weight of the stored earth and sand and the bottom lid 12, as shown in FIG. The earth and sand are discharged to the main body 20. - 特許庁Although FIG. 7 shows the bottom lid 12 fully opened, the degree of opening of the bottom lid 12 can be adjusted according to the degree to which the tension of the strainer 16 is loosened.

The earth and sand discharged from the bucket body 11 to the hopper body 20 falls on the earth and sand abrasion resistant steel plate 26 and the grizzly river 27, passes between the grizzly rivers 27, and is loaded onto the dump truck 4 parked below the hopper body 20. be done.

After that, the bottom cover 12 is closed by increasing the tension of the load body 16 by a crane, and the bucket 1 is moved to the ground near the earth and sand generating point. As a result, the crane operator can perform the operation of opening and closing the bottom lid 12 in series with the operation of moving the bucket 1 , thereby reducing the burden of opening and closing the bottom lid 12 .

Since earth and sand are heavy objects, it is desirable to mitigate the impact when loading the earth and sand onto the dump truck 4 . Although the hopper body 20 needs to be installed at a low position in order to mitigate the impact during loading, there is a limit because it is necessary to secure a space for parking the dump truck 4 . Therefore, it is preferable to employ a configuration in which the hopper 2 moves downward as the bucket 1 is placed on the hopper 2 .

In the example shown in FIG. 8, the hopper moving mechanism 5 for moving the hopper main body 20 up and down is provided on the left and right frames of the mount 30 . The hopper moving mechanism 5 is composed of, for example, a cylinder mechanism such as a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder having a rod 51 that extends and contracts in the upper limit direction.

The hopper moving mechanism 5 urges the hopper main body 20 upward, and when the bucket 1 is not placed on the hopper main body 20, the rod 51 extends upward and the hopper main body 20 moves upward. move to position. When the bucket 1 is placed on the hopper main body 20, the rod 51 contracts downward against the biasing force of the hopper moving mechanism 5, and the hopper main body 20 is moved to the lower limit position. That is, the biasing force of the hopper moving mechanism 5 is set to a value greater than the weight of the hopper body 20 and less than the weight of the hopper body 20 plus the bucket 1 .

While the hopper body 20 is being moved downward by the hopper moving mechanism 5, the tension of the load body 16 is not released, so the bottom lid 12 is in a closed state. After the hopper body 20 reaches the lower limit position, the bottom lid 12 is opened, and the earth and sand are discharged from the bucket body 11 to the hopper body 20.例文帳に追加Thereby, the crane operator can move the hopper body 20 in series with the moving operation of the bucket 1 .

As described above, the present embodiment is an earth and sand loading system that includes a bucket 1 that stores earth and sand, and a hopper 2 that loads the earth and sand thrown from the bucket 1 onto the bed of a dump truck 4 that is a transportation vehicle. The bucket 1 has a bucket body 11 having a rectangular cross section with openings at the top and bottom, and a hanging part to which the tip of the weight 16 is detachably attached. The hopper 2 includes a lid 12 and a plurality of projecting pieces 17 projecting to the sides of the bucket body 11. The hopper 2 includes an upper cylindrical body 21 having a circular cross section and openings in the upper and lower parts, and a lower part of the upper cylindrical body 21. A hopper body 20 having a funnel body 22 connected to the opening of the bucket 1 and having a downwardly tapering funnel body 22, and a base 30 supporting the hopper body 20. A guide surface 17a inclined upwardly away from the bucket body 11 and a support surface 17b adjacent to the upper end of the guide surface 17a and supported by the upper peripheral edge of the opening of the upper cylindrical body 21 are formed. there is
With this configuration, the crane operator can reduce the burden of alignment work for aligning the bucket 1 with the hopper 2, and the operator does not need to use an intervening rope or the like to correct the deviation, so safety is improved. can be ensured. Further, the crane operator can perform the operation of opening and closing the bottom lid 12 in series with the movement operation of the bucket 1, and can reduce the burden of the operation of opening and closing the bottom lid 12.例文帳に追加

Furthermore, in this embodiment, a round bar 18 is attached to the guide surface 17a of the projecting piece 17. As shown in FIG.
With this configuration, the contact surface with the upper opening peripheral edge of the upper cylindrical body 21 is reduced, so that the bucket 1 can be smoothly guided and the wear of the guide surface 17a can be prevented.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, bucket wear-resistant steel plates 25 that are arc-shaped steel plates are evenly and replaceably attached to the upper opening peripheral edge of the upper cylindrical body 21 with countersunk bolts.
With this configuration, it is possible to prevent wear of the upper opening of the upper cylindrical body 21 due to the impact of the projecting piece 17, and maintenance can be easily performed by replacing the bucket wear-resistant steel plate 25. FIG.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the inner peripheral surface of the funnel body 22 of the hopper body 20 is evenly attached to the inner peripheral surface of the hopper body 20 with earth and sand wear-resistant countermeasure steel plates 26 which are fan-shaped steel plates with countersunk bolts so as to be replaceable.
With this configuration, it is possible to prevent wear of the funnel body 22 due to falling earth and sand, and maintenance can be easily performed by replacing the earth and sand wear-resistant steel plate 26 .

Further, in the present embodiment, a scrap leveler 33 for leveling earth and sand loaded on the loading platform of the dump truck 4 is attached to the platform 30 so as to be vertically movable.
With this configuration, the dump truck 4 travels to easily level the earth and sand loaded on the loading platform.

Further, in this embodiment, a hopper moving mechanism 5 is provided for moving the hopper body 20 up and down. When the bucket 1 is supported by the hopper main body 20, the hopper main body 20 is moved to the lower limit position against the biasing force of the hopper moving mechanism 5. This configuration As a result, the crane operator can move the hopper body 20 in series with the movement operation of the bucket 1, and can suppress the impact during loading of earth and sand.

The present invention has been described above based on the embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that this embodiment is an example, and that various modifications can be made to the combination of each component, etc., and that such modifications are also within the scope of the present invention.

1 Bucket 2 Hopper 4 Dump truck 5 Hopper movement mechanism 11 Bucket body 12 Bottom lid 13 Hinge mechanism 14 Through hole 15 Suspension girder 16 Tow body 17 Overhang piece 17a Guide surface 17b Support surface 18 Round bar 19 Connection ring 20 Hopper body 21 Upper tube Body 22 Funnel body 23 Lower cylindrical body 24 Scattering prevention rubber 25 Bucket wear resistant steel plate 26 Sediment wear resistant steel plate 27 Grizzly bar 30 Base 31 Ladder 32 Platform 33 Muddy smoother 34 Guide 51 Rod

Claims (6)

An earth and sand loading system comprising a bucket for containing earth and sand, and a hopper for loading the earth and sand thrown from the bucket onto a carrier of a transport vehicle,
The bucket is
a bucket body having a rectangular cross section with openings in the upper and lower parts;
a bottom lid for opening and closing an opening below the bucket body, the bottom lid having a suspending portion to which the tip of the tow body is detachably attached;
and a plurality of projecting pieces projecting laterally from the bucket body,
The hopper is
a hopper body comprising an upper cylindrical body having a circular cross-section and having openings in the upper and lower parts, and a funnel body connected to the lower opening of the upper cylindrical body and having a diameter decreasing downward;
and a pedestal that supports the hopper body,
The protruding piece of the bucket has a guide surface that is inclined away from the bucket body from the bottom to the top, and an upper end of the guide surface that is adjacent to the upper end of the guide surface and supported by the upper peripheral edge of the upper cylindrical body. A dirt loading system, comprising: The earth and sand loading system according to claim 1, wherein a round bar is attached to the guide surface of the projecting piece. The earth and sand loading system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that arc-shaped steel plates are evenly attached to the opening peripheral edge portion above the upper cylindrical body in a replaceable manner. The earth and sand loading system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein fan-shaped steel plates are evenly attached to the inner peripheral surface of the funnel body of the hopper body in a replaceable manner. 5. The earth and sand loading system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a sludge leveler for leveling the earth and sand loaded on the platform of the transportation vehicle is attached to the platform so as to be vertically movable. A hopper moving mechanism for moving the hopper body up and down,
The hopper moving mechanism urges the hopper body upward, and when the bucket is not supported by the hopper body, moves the hopper body to an upper limit position so that the bucket moves to the hopper body. The earth and sand loading system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the hopper body is moved to the lower limit position against the biasing force of the hopper moving mechanism when supported.

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