JP2022546407A - 粘膜下生体吸収性薬剤溶出プラットフォーム - Google Patents
粘膜下生体吸収性薬剤溶出プラットフォーム Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2019年8月30日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/894,113号に対する優先権を主張する、2020年8月27日に出願された米国特許出願第17/004,753号に対する優先権の利益を主張するものであり、各出願は参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
埋め込み型薬剤送達プラットフォーム
本明細書に記載される埋め込み型プラットフォームは概して生体吸収性であるが、埋め込み型プラットフォームの代替的な実施形態は、完全に生体吸収性、完全に非生体吸収性、または部分的に生体吸収性および部分的に非生体吸収性であり得る。概して、生体吸収性ポリマーが好ましい物質であり、薬剤送達プラットフォームが異物として患者から回収または押出されることがない。薬剤送達プラットフォームの構造に使用され得る天然生体吸収性ポリマーとしては、キトサン、コラーゲン、エラスチン、絹、絹-エラスチン、アルギン酸塩、セルロース、デキストラン、ポリアルケノエート、ヒアルロン酸、ゼラチン、およびジェランが挙げられる。合成物質を用いて生体吸収性であるよう作製される場合、プラットフォーム骨格は、限定されないが、以下をはじめとする物質から形成されてもよい:ポリラクチド、ポリ(ラクチド-コ-グリコリド)(PLGA)、ポリ(D,L-ラクチド-コ-グリコリド)、ポリ(L-ラクチド)(PLLA)、ポリ(ラクチド コ-カプロラクトン)(PLA-PCL)、ポリグリコリド(PGA)、ポリ(D,L-ラクチド)(PDLLA)、ポリ(L-ラクチド-コ-カプロラクトン)(PLLA-PCL)、ポリヒドロキシ酪酸塩、ポリヒドロキシ吉草酸塩、ポリ(エチレングリコール)(PEG)、ポリジオキサノン(PDX)、ポリアラクチン、ポリ(ε-カプロラクトン)、ポリグリコネート、ポリ(グリコリド-コ-トリメチレン炭酸塩)、ポリ(セバシン酸)、ポリ(エステルウレタン)、ポリ(エステルウレタン)尿素、またはそれらの組み合わせ。これらの物質の一部について、構成要素の比率を変化させて、例えば標的とする生体吸収時間プロファイルなどの特定の物質特性を実現することができる。例えば、ポリ(D,L-ラクチド-コ-グリコリド)が薬剤送達プラットフォームのスキャホールドに使用される場合、ラクチドとグリコリドの比率(L:G)は、5:95、10:90、15:85、20:80、25:75、30:70、33:67、35:65、40:60、45:55、50:50、55:45、60:40、65:35、67:33、70:30、75:25、80:20、85:15、90:10、95:5、または別のそのような比率であってもよい。部分的に生体吸収性となるように作製される場合、デバイス、またはデバイス上のコーティングが生体吸収性であってもよく、例えばポリエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ポリソルベートなど、放出速度改変剤および/または可塑剤を含んでもよい。埋め込み型プラットフォームは、任意の適切な形状、長さ、高さ、直径、または幅を有してもよく、この場合に埋め込み型プラットフォームのそのような構造特性はさらに、生体吸収時間プロファイルに影響を及ぼす、または制御するように構成され得る。
薬剤組成
本明細書に説明される薬剤送達プラットフォームは、任意の適切な注入デバイスまたは移植デバイス(あるいは「アプリケーター」とも呼称される)を使用して送達されてもよい。移植デバイスは、最小限の侵襲手段として薬剤送達プラットフォームを送達するように構成され得る。薬剤送達プラットフォームは、移植デバイス内に装填され、対象の標的組織処置部位で移植デバイスから展開され、その後は標的組織内に残されるが、一方で移植デバイスは対象から取り除かれる。
本明細書に記載される薬剤送達プラットフォームは、鼻、耳、または喉の標的組織に送達されてもよく、それらの組織に影響を与える状態の治療に使用されてもよい。前述したように、一部の変更例では、薬剤送達プラットフォームは、副鼻腔の洞、副鼻腔口、副鼻腔、篩骨洞、下鼻甲介、中鼻甲介、中鼻道自然口ルート、鼻中隔、鼻前庭、および/または鼻腔に送達されてもよい。方法は、例えば、術後の炎症、鼻副鼻腔炎、および/またはアレルギー性鼻炎などの鼻の状態を治療するための方法であってもよい。他の変更例では、薬剤送達プラットフォームは、耳管、外耳道、および/または内耳に送達されてもよい。方法は、術後の炎症、中耳炎、メニエール病、および/または耳鳴などの耳の状態を治療するための方法であってもよい。さらに他の変更例では、薬剤送達プラットフォームは、例えば扁桃腺摘出術による疼痛などの術後の疼痛の治療、または癌(例えば、食道癌)、気道狭窄、慢性喉頭炎、または喉頭蓋炎の治療のために、喉に送達されてもよい。さらなる変更例では、薬剤送達プラットフォームは、創傷または皮膚の状態を治療するために、皮膚の領域またはセクションに送達されてもよい。薬剤送達プラットフォームは、標的組織に活性剤を局所的に送達し、所望の期間、治療レベルで活性剤の持続的な放出または長時間の放出を提供するように設計された薬剤量を含んでもよい。
本明細書に記載されるデバイスは、任意の適切な様式で作製され得る。概して、型を使用して、特定の解剖学的構造用に設計された薬剤送達プラットフォームが形成されてもよく、薬剤送達プラットフォームに選択される物質は、特定の用途に関する望ましいコンプライアンスに基づいてもよい。
図8Aおよび8Bは、この薬剤送達プラットフォームに関する第一の試験の実験結果を示すグラフであり、ヒツジ鼻甲介モデルにおける、経時的な累積薬剤放出を示す。具体的には、対象動物内の経時的な累積放出(平均%)について、フロ酸モメタゾンを装填したインプラントを試験した。図8Aは、経時的な相対的累積薬剤放出を示し、図8Bは、経時的な組織内の薬剤の相対的濃度を示す。
この薬剤送達プラットフォームの第二の試験は、三つのコホート(A、B1、およびB2)で実施され、ヒツジから回収された組織における薬剤放出の有効性と薬剤動態と共に、インプラントの送達および回収の実現可能性(ヒツジ組織を使用)を評価した。さらに、本例ではフロ酸モメタゾンであるAPIの二つの代替的製剤が、互いに比較して試験された。すべてのインプラントは、上記の実施例1に記載されるインプラントと同様に作製され、具体的には再び450μgのMFを装填した。第二の試験は、より多くのサンプル、時点、および製剤が分析に追加されために、三つのコホートを有するように拡張された。
この薬剤送達プラットフォームに関する第三の試験において、鼻甲介内に移植される薬剤送達プラットフォームの数を変化させて、薬剤投与を検証した。すべてのインプラントは、上記の実施例1に記載されるインプラントと同様に作製され、具体的には再び450μgのMFを装填した。MF化合物およびインプラントは、上記実施例2において製剤2として特定される製剤を使用した。表7において、移植後30日目にすべての組織を調べて、鼻甲介内で二(2)つのインプラントの「最小用量」、鼻甲介内で三(3)つのインプラントの「低用量」、および鼻甲介内で六(6)つのインプラントの「公称用量」を使用して、投与について検証した。インプラントは、比較的吻側位置または尾側位置のいずれかで鼻甲介内に配置され、鼻甲介の反対側の末端は、当該組織の隣接領域においてインプラントを含めずに残された。サンプルからの各鼻甲介組織は、二つの部分で試験された。インプラントを有さない鼻甲介部分からインプラントを有する鼻甲介部分を単離して、インプラントから、インプランを含まない領域への薬剤の移動の量を評価した。
Claims (20)
- 治療有効量の活性剤を標的組織に局所的に送達するためのシステムであって、
生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォーム、および
前記生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォームのための移植デバイス、を備える、システム。 - 前記生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォームが、
ポリマー物質スキャホールドであって、前記ポリマー物質が、ポリ(D,L-ラクチド-コ-グリコリド)であり、前記ポリ(D,L-ラクチド-コ-グリコリド)のモル比が0%~100%ラクチドおよび0%~100%グリコリドの範囲であり得る、ポリマー物質スキャホールド、および
前記ポリマー物質スキャホールドに組み込まれる活性薬剤、を備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記移植デバイスが、
皮下針、
前記皮下針に機械的に連結され、一つ以上の薬剤送達プラットフォームを装填および保持するよう構成されるシャフト、および
前記シャフト内に装填された薬剤送達プラットフォームと係合し、前記皮下針を通って前記薬剤送達プラットフォームを外へ移動させるように構成されたプランジャー、を備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記移植デバイスが、
皮下針、
前記皮下針に機械的に連結され、カートリッジを取り付けるように構成されるシャフトであって、前記カートリッジが一つ以上の薬剤送達プラットフォームを保持するよう構成される、シャフト、および
前記シャフトを組み込まれた機械的作動システムであって、前記カートリッジ内に装填された前記一つ以上の薬剤送達プラットフォームと順次係合し、前記皮下針を通って前記一つ以上の薬剤送達プラットフォームを外に個別に移動させるように構成される、機械的作動システム、を備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォームであって、
ポリマー物質スキャホールド、および
前記ポリマー物質スキャホールドに組み込まれる活性薬剤、を備える、生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォーム。 - 前記プラットフォームが、コア領域と本体を備え、さらに前記コア領域が、前記本体の設計とは異なるポリマー物質と活性薬剤の設計を含む、請求項5に記載の生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォーム。
- 前記プラットフォームが、中空チャンネルをさらに備え、前記中空チャンネルが、治療剤の体積を保持するように構成される、請求項5に記載の生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォーム。
- 前記プラットフォームが、前記プラットフォームの外表面において、起伏、エッジおよび形状、またはそれらの組み合わせを提供する、くぼみ、刻み目および突起部を伴う前記外表面を有する、請求項5に記載の生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォーム。
- 前記プラットフォームが、円形、長方形、正方形、三角形、楕円形、横断面、五角形、六角形、ひし形、八角形、十字形、または星形である断面形状を有する、請求項5に記載の生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォーム。
- 前記治療剤が、限定されないがフロ酸モメタゾン、プロピオン酸フルチカゾン、デキサメタゾン、およびCOX阻害剤をはじめとするステロイド系または非ステロイド系の抗炎症剤を含む、請求項5に記載の生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォーム。
- 前記治療剤が、限定されないがシプロフロキサシンおよびアモキシシリンをはじめとする抗生物質を含む、請求項5に記載の生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォーム。
- 前記治療剤が、限定されないがイブプロフェン、アセトアミノフェン、ブピバカイン、アスピリン、およびナプロキセンをはじめとする鎮痛剤を含む、請求項5に記載の生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォーム。
- 前記治療剤が、限定されないがインスリン様成長因子、肝細胞成長因子、線維芽細胞成長因子をはじめとする成長因子を含む、請求項5に記載の生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォーム。
- 前記治療剤が、限定されないがパクリタキセル、癌化学療法剤、生物応答改変剤、血管新生阻害剤、ホルモン受容体ブロッカー、寒冷療法剤、または新生組織形成もしくは腫瘍形成を破壊または阻害する他の剤をはじめとする抗腫瘍剤を含む、請求項5に記載の生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォーム。
- 前記ポリマー物質スキャホールドが、0.2dL/g~1.0dL/gの固有粘度を有する、請求項5に記載の生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォーム。
- 前記ポリマー物質スキャホールドのポリマーが、エステル末端キャップ、酸末端キャップ、またはそれらの組み合わせである、請求項5に記載の生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォーム。
- 慢性、急性、または持続性の状態の症状を治療する方法であって、
生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォームを標的組織に送達すること、
前記生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォームから治療剤を溶出させること、および
前記生体吸収性薬剤送達プラットフォームを前記標的組織内で生分解させること、を含む、方法。 - 前記状態は、限定されないが術後の炎症、鼻腔癌および副鼻腔癌、鼻副鼻腔炎、鼻ポリープを伴うまたは伴わない慢性副鼻腔炎、ならびにアレルギー性鼻炎および非アレルギー性鼻炎の両方を含む鼻炎をはじめとする副鼻腔関連状態である、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記状態が、限定されないが、術後の炎症、中耳炎、メニエール病、耳管機能障害、難聴、および耳鳴をはじめとする耳関連状態である、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記状態が、限定されないが、術後の疼痛、食道癌、口腔癌、咽頭癌、気道狭窄症、気管狭窄症、声門下狭窄症、慢性喉頭炎、扁桃炎、声帯ポリープ、および喉頭蓋炎をはじめとする喉関連状態である、請求項17に記載の方法。
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