JP2022536235A - コンクリート養生ブランケットおよび抗菌テキスタイル繊維 - Google Patents
コンクリート養生ブランケットおよび抗菌テキスタイル繊維 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022536235A JP2022536235A JP2021547972A JP2021547972A JP2022536235A JP 2022536235 A JP2022536235 A JP 2022536235A JP 2021547972 A JP2021547972 A JP 2021547972A JP 2021547972 A JP2021547972 A JP 2021547972A JP 2022536235 A JP2022536235 A JP 2022536235A
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- fibers
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- blanket
- fabric
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Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
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- B28B11/245—Curing concrete articles
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- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
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- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
- B32B5/265—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by one fibrous or filamentary layer being a non-woven fabric layer
- B32B5/266—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by one fibrous or filamentary layer being a non-woven fabric layer next to one or more non-woven fabric layers
- B32B5/267—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary characterised by one fibrous or filamentary layer being a non-woven fabric layer next to one or more non-woven fabric layers characterised by at least one non-woven fabric layer that is a spunbonded fabric
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- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
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- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
- B32B7/14—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties applied in spaced arrangements, e.g. in stripes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
- C04B40/0277—Hardening promoted by using additional water, e.g. by spraying water on the green concrete element
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/04—Preventing evaporation of the mixing water
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
- D01F1/103—Agents inhibiting growth of microorganisms
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/24—Safety or protective measures preventing damage to building parts or finishing work during construction
- E04G21/246—Safety or protective measures preventing damage to building parts or finishing work during construction specially adapted for curing concrete in situ, e.g. by covering it with protective sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0223—Vinyl resin fibres
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- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
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- B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
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- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
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- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
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- B32B2262/04—Cellulosic plastic fibres, e.g. rayon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/02—Synthetic macromolecular particles
- B32B2264/0214—Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2264/0228—Vinyl resin particles, e.g. polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol polymers or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
- B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/13—Physical properties anti-allergenic or anti-bacterial
Abstract
Description
本出願は、2018年10月29日に出願された同一所有者による米国仮特許出願第62/752,175号(名称「Textiles for Constriction and Protection and Applications」)に関し、その優先権を主張するものであり、その開示はその全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
図1、図2Aおよび図2Bは、コンクリートスラブ102の表面102aに載置された、例えば、3層(図2A)のコンクリート養生ブランケット100、および2層(図2B)の100’を示す。第1の層111は、コンクリート表面102aと接触するためのベースまたは接触層111である。この層111は、例えば、スパンボンド布などの合成不織布から作製される。第1の層111の上には、貯蔵層である第2の層112がある。この貯蔵層112は、例えば、布中の繊維をコーティングするSAP(超吸収性ポリマー)材料を含む合成繊維製不織布である。あるいは、不織布は、布内に分散されたSAP粉末、水を貯蔵するための粉末を含む。第2の層112の上の第3の層113または最上層は、カバー層である。このカバー層113は、例えば、ブランケット100を通る水の蒸発を防止する、高い水バリア特性の合成フィルムである。
実地試験に基づいて、約10~100グラム/平方メートルの含有量のSAP含浸不織布が、被覆されたコンクリートと接触したときに強力な結合を形成することがわかった。これは、より低い表面張力の親水性SAPを介して湿潤されたコンクリートの毛管によるSAP膨潤ゲルの吸引力に関連していると考えられる。生成される強力な結合は、ブランケット100、100’をコンクリート102にしっかりと付着させ、風などの環境要因に対してブランケットを安定化させ、垂直のコンクリート要素の被覆を容易にする。
接触層111は、制御された孔径分布によって、およびSilastol(商標)163などの界面活性剤で布をコーティングすることによって、吸い上げ能力が最大化されるようになる。貯蔵層112は、架橋ナトリウム中和ポリカリル酸などの高いSAP含有量を含む。さらに、混和剤およびコンクリート添加剤は、架橋前に湿式含浸によって(布の)SAPに、または布の乾式含浸中にSAP粉末と混合した乾燥粉末形態中のいずれかに組み込まれ得る。さらに、貯蔵層112の不織布を黒色で着色することにより、太陽光(太陽放射)の吸収を増加させる。
カバー層113の製造は、例えば、単層または多層フィルムキャスティングを含み、ポリマーの黒色もしくは白色顔料との、またはシリカ粉末(樹脂の重量に対して5%~10%)などの照射伝達制御剤との任意の配合を伴う。カバー層113は、貯蔵層112のSAP含浸の段階に連続して、押出コーティングプロセスによって貯蔵層112に結合される。
a)約20~100rpmの速度でのSAPポリマー溶液内、またはH.B.Fullerの水性SAPシステム内で化学混和剤の分散体を混合し、続いて布をコーティングする架橋SAP内に化学混和剤分散体を組み込むために布を含浸すること、
b)不織布の結合層間に分散される乾燥粉末SAP粒子と混合した化学混和剤の乾燥粉末粒子のブレンドを展延すること、または、
c)Fibroline(商標)または他の粉末含浸プロセスを介して不織布ステッチボンドまたはニードルパンチフェルトに乾燥粉末SAP粒子との化学混和剤の乾燥粉末粒子のブレンドを乾式含浸すること、
のうちの1つによって、貯蔵層112内の不織布に組み込まれる。
3つの層のコンクリートブランケット100が提供され、以下の層を含む。
接触層層111;
タイプ:ポリプロピレン製スパンボンド不織布;
坪量:20グラム/平方メートル
孔径寸法:200~500ミクロン
貯蔵層112;
タイプ:ポリプロピレン製スパンボンド不織布:
坪量:80グラム/平方メートル
SAPコーティング含有量:20グラム/平方メートル
付録Aに記載されているように、H.B Fuller technologyの水性超吸収性ポリマー(SAP)システムに従って、H.B.Fullerから供給されるPD8081Hを、MEIから供給されるBacote20の炭酸ジルコニウムアンモニウム水溶液で架橋し、乾式含浸、パディングおよび乾燥を介して不織布に適用する。浴中のPD8081Hのナトリウム中和アクリル酸ポリマーの溶液を、布の含浸中にその場でBacote20のジルコニウムによって架橋する。室温では、白色のSAPフィルムが布上に形成され、さらに乾燥してSAPコーティング布を形成する。
貯蔵層112の不織布を、前述したような成分を含む浴中に含浸し、圧縮し、その上に平行ローラから供給される接触層111の不織布を合流させる。合流した両方の布を、30秒の滞留時間で120℃の空気循環乾燥機を通過させ、貯蔵ボビン上で一緒に巻く。
ブランケットの機械的特性:
厚さ:0.8mm
張力:TD:80N/5cm
MD:120N/5cm
伸度:TD:70%
MD:70%
コンクリート養生ブランケット100を、イスラエルのヨルダン渓谷にある「Or Compost」再生工業団地の堆肥処理工場の500平方メートルの床の養生に使用した。この床はフォークリフトおよび大型車両用に設計されている。床は厚さ30cmであり、所定の負荷を克服するのに好適な溶接金網と鉄筋で補強されている。コンクリートは、350kg/立方メートルのセメントの標準B30コンクリートであり、水セメント比は0.45であった。地盤の締め固め、キャスティングおよびレーザースクリードの標準的技法を観察した。
この地域での26日間の気象条件は極めて過酷であり、典型的な砂漠の気温が35~40℃、相対湿度が50%~70%、および夕方の強風であった。床は開放的な場所にあり、太陽光および風にさらされていた。ブランケットは、コンクリートにしっかりと貼り付いて(付着して)いた。ブランケットに接した床の縁にスチールバーを設置して、ブランケットを床に固定した。試験期間中、強風にもかかわらず床からのブランケットの剥離はなかった。
ブランケット100’は、接触層111のない、前の3層養生ブランケットと同様である。ブランケット100’は、上記のブランケット100と同様に製造された貯蔵層112およびカバー層113を含む。層112、113を、層間に感圧接着剤の点が点在する2つの層のホットカレンダー処理によって互いに結合した。
ブランケットの機械的特性
厚さ:0.7mm
張力:TD:100N/5cm
MD:160N/5cm
伸度:TD:70%
MD:70%
コンクリート養生ブランケット100’を、イスラエルのBar Lev工業団地の倉庫の地下にある100平方メートルの屋内床の養生に使用した。
温度および湿度条件は、25~30℃、および75%~85%の湿度レベルで正常であった。下にあるコンクリートを養生して7日および14日後、ブランケットは、バリアフィルム層(カバー層113)に蓄積した水滴で依然として飽和していた。養生ブランケットの下のコンクリートは、非常に高い相対湿度で飽和していた。14日後にブランケットを取り外した後、養生したコンクリートは亀裂がなく、わずかな度合いでエフロレッセンスのある滑らかなものであった(図5)。
本発明は、ポリマーのアミノ末端基との錯体配位および求電子結合形成により化学的相互作用が可能な遷移金属カチオンを使用することによる、アミノ末端基を含むポリアミドを含むテキスタイルの保護を提供する。これは、より長く、より安定した保護のための、繊維表面上の金属カチオンのより高い安定性を提供する。
Claims (26)
- コンクリート養生ブランケットであって、
コンクリート表面と接触するための少なくとも1つの不織布を含む接触層と、
水バリアとして機能するポリマーフィルムを含むカバー層と、
液体を内部に貯蔵するための超吸収性ポリマー材料を含む貯蔵層であって、前記貯蔵層が、前記接触層と前記カバー層との中間にある、貯蔵層と、を含む、コンクリート養生ブランケット。 - 前記超吸収性ポリマー材料が、前記貯蔵層を形成する不織布中の繊維をコーティングしている、請求項1に記載のコンクリート養生ブランケット。
- 前記超吸収性ポリマー材料が、前記布内に分散された粉末形態である、請求項2に記載のコンクリート養生ブランケット。
- 前記接触層、貯蔵層およびカバー層が、熱活性化結合剤を用いる積層によって一緒に接合されている、請求項1に記載のコンクリート養生ブランケット。
- 前記接触層の前記不織布が、ポリプロピレン繊維、ポリエチレン繊維、ポリプロピレン/ポリエチレンコポリマー繊維、もしくはポリアクリロニトリル(PAN)繊維、ナイロン繊維、またはポリエステル繊維のうちの1つ以上を含む、請求項1に記載のコンクリート養生ブランケット。
- 前記貯蔵層の前記不織布が、ポリプロピレン繊維、ポリエチレン繊維、ポリプロピレン/ポリエチレンコポリマー繊維、もしくはポリアクリロニトリル(PAN)繊維、ナイロン繊維、ポリエステル繊維、レーヨン、またはセルローストリアセテートのうちの1つ以上を含む、請求項2に記載のコンクリート養生ブランケット。
- 前記不織布が、スパンボンディング、スパンボンディング-メルトブロー-スパンボンディング(SMS)、カーディング、カレンダーボンディング、水流交絡、エアスルーボンディング、ケミカルボンディング、エアレイドプロセス、ニードルパンチ、ステッチボンド、またはウェットレイドプロセスを含むプロセスによって製造される、請求項1および2に記載のコンクリート養生ブランケット。
- 前記貯蔵層の前記不織布が、約30~3,000グラム/平方メートル(m2)の範囲内の面積単位あたりの重量のステッチボンドフェルトまたはニードルパンチフェルトのうちの少なくとも1つである、請求項2に記載のコンクリート養生ブランケット。
- 前記超吸収性ポリマー(SAP)材料が、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウムおよびポリアクリルアミドナトリウムからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載のコンクリート養生ブランケット。
- 前記ポリアクリル酸ナトリウムおよびポリアクリルアミドナトリウムが、前記布に組み込まれる液体もしくは粉末またはSAP繊維のいずれかの形態で適用され、前記ポリアクリル酸ナトリウムおよびポリアクリルアミドナトリウムが、生分解性または非生分解性のいずれかである、請求項9に記載のコンクリート養生ブランケット。
- コンクリート養生ブランケットであって、
水バリアとして機能するポリマーフィルムを含むカバー層と、
液体を内部に貯蔵するための超吸収性ポリマー材料を含み、コンクリート表面を覆う貯蔵層と、を含む、コンクリート養生ブランケット。 - ポリアミドポリマー繊維であって、各繊維が、
Kgあたり少なくとも40ミリグラム当量のアミノ末端基と、約0.10~15.00%の範囲内の重量含有量でポリマー内部に分散された遷移金属および/またはカチオンと、を含み、
前期繊維が、米国繊維化学染色協会(AATCC)100-2012標準に従って、抗菌テキスタイルとしてテキスタイルを提供するために、テキスタイル布の前記繊維の0.015%~50.0%の範囲内の重量含有量で、前記テキスタイル布内部でブレンドするために構成されている、ポリアミドポリマー繊維。 - 前記繊維が、前記テキスタイル布構造内で絡み合っている、請求項12に記載の繊維。
- 前記各繊維が、2,000を超えるK錯化値を有する第一級アミノ基との遷移金属カチオン錯体生成を含む、請求項12に記載の繊維。
- 前記テキスタイル布中の前記遷移金属および/またはカチオンの含有量が、約5~100ppmの範囲内である、請求項12に記載の繊維。
- 前記テキスタイル布の抗菌保護が、3~12カ月間持続する、請求項12に記載の繊維。
- 前記テキスタイル布の前記抗菌保護が、AATCC100-2012の機械鮮度標準に従って、60℃で50回の洗濯機サイクル後も持続する、請求項12に記載の繊維。
- 錯体金属またはイオンが、0.5ミクロンの中央ディメーターよりも小さいナノスケールサイズである、請求項12に記載の繊維。
- 前記各繊維が、デシテックスあたり約3.0~4.5グラムの範囲内の靭性および約60%~80%の範囲内の伸度の半延伸糸(POY)タイプである、請求項12に記載の繊維。
- 前記各繊維が、ナイロン6.6ポリマー、ナイロン6ポリマー、およびナイロン6、ナイロン10またはナイロン12のモノマーの任意の組み合わせを含むコポリマーのうちの1つ以上で作製されている、請求項12に記載の繊維。
- ナイロン6.6ポリマーまたはナイロン6ポリマーの各前記繊維が、Kgあたり70ミリグラム当量を超えるアミノ含有量を含む、請求項20に記載の繊維
- 前記各繊維が、銅、銀、および銀カチオンからなる群から選択される金属を含む、請求項12および20に記載の繊維。
- 各前記繊維が、約0.05~8.00デシテックスの範囲内の厚さである、請求項12に記載の繊維。
- 各前記繊維が、約0.1~100mmの範囲内の長さである、請求項12に記載の繊維。
- 各前記繊維が、連続糸の形態である、請求項12に記載の繊維。
- 各前記繊維が、第二級および第三級アミノ末端基を含む、請求項12に記載の繊維。
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PCT/IB2019/059268 WO2020089789A1 (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Concrete curing blankets and anti-bacterial textile fibers |
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US5843554A (en) * | 1994-02-18 | 1998-12-01 | Katman, Inc. | Multi-layer covering articles |
AR018063A1 (es) * | 1998-02-13 | 2001-10-31 | Basf Se | Poliamida inherentemente estabilizada frente a la luz y al calor y metodo para su obtencion. |
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US20040243080A1 (en) * | 2003-05-27 | 2004-12-02 | Bba Nonwovens Simpsonville, Inc. | Absorbent pads |
US7572525B2 (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2009-08-11 | Mcdonald Stephen F | Concrete curing blanket |
US8038364B2 (en) * | 2007-08-07 | 2011-10-18 | Saint-Gobain Technical Fabrics America, Inc. | Reinforcement for asphaltic paving, method of paving, and process for making a grid with the coating for asphaltic paving |
US7998564B2 (en) * | 2008-01-02 | 2011-08-16 | Precision Fabrics Group, Inc. | Concrete curing blankets that promote even concrete curing |
CN101775746B (zh) * | 2010-01-21 | 2012-01-25 | 同济大学 | 一种混凝土养护材料及其制备方法 |
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US10052791B2 (en) * | 2015-01-31 | 2018-08-21 | Ramshom Corporation | Method of curing concrete using a curing blanket |
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