JP2022531247A - Composite pane with a notch in the inner pane - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention comprises a first thermoplastic intermediate layer (4a) located directly adjacent to the outer pane (2) and a second thermal layer (4a) located directly adjacent to the inner pane (3). an outer pane (2) and an inner pane (3), and a first thermoplastic intermediate layer (4a) and a second thermoplastic intermediate layer (4b), connected to each other via a plastic intermediate layer (4b); A composite pane (1) comprising at least an inlay element (5) arranged within the area of the composite pane between and. The inner pane (3) has a cutout (6) and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer (4b) has a cutout (7). When viewed through, the notch (7) of the second plastic intermediate layer (4b) is located entirely within the area in which the inlay element (5) is located, and when viewed through , the cutouts (6) of the inner pane (3) are arranged completely within the cutouts (7) of the second thermoplastic intermediate layer (4b). [Selection drawing] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention relates to a composite pane having a notch in the inner pane, a method for manufacturing the composite pane, and the use thereof.

Modern vehicles are equipped with more and more sensors, and the signals from those sensors are used, for example, to assist the driver. Examples of such sensors include cameras such as video cameras or dark vision cameras, rain sensors, light sensors, or optical sensors such as distance meters. Forward-facing sensors are often anchored to the inner surface of the windshield, typically in the center near the upper edge. In the prior art, the sensor is hidden by an opaque masking print on the windshield. For this reason, masking prints, such as the usual perimeter frame, serve primarily as UV protection for windshield assembly adhesives and are significantly magnified towards the center of the pane in the sensor area.

By attaching the conventional sensor to the windshield, the detection direction becomes horizontal. Since the windshield is mounted on the vehicle at a large tilt, for example, at an installation angle of 60 ° with respect to the vertical, the sensor detection direction is within a very sharp angle of 30 ° with respect to the windshield. included. For this reason, the windshield is provided with a relatively large, substantially trapezoidal, so-called "sensor window". The sensor window is the area of the windshield where the passing radiation energy is detected by the sensor. Therefore, the windshield sensor window is the area in the path of the sensor's detection beam.

The more sensors that are fixed to the pane, the more area of the windshield will be occupied by all sensor windows, and the larger the masking print intended to hide the sensors.

During the manufacture of the composite pane, the masking print is applied to the outer or inner pane by screen printing before bending the individual panes. During the bending process, typically performed at 500 ° C to 700 ° C, more heat is absorbed by screen printing than in each pane. This can lead to optical distortion and / or glass breakage of the sensor window surrounded by screen printing, especially black printing.

The sensor window should be free of ice or fog. This is possible, for example, with a heatable sensor window. For this purpose, for example, heating wires are laminated in the area of the sensor window. However, such laminated heating wires are detrimental to the optical quality of the sensor window.

Currently, sensors, heating elements, and antennas are either applied inside the inner pane or built into the stack, and masking prints to hide the sensors, heating elements, and antennas are another step. , Is applied as a separate layer. In addition, the individual functional elements, namely sensors, heating elements, and antennas, are individually applied or incorporated.

To improve the optical properties of the sensor window, the inner pane may have a notch in the area of the sensor window. Composite panes having a notch in the inner pane are disclosed, for example, in WO2018 / 142078A1, WO2018 / 178883A1, WO2016 / 208370A1, and DE102007042028A1. However, in the inner pane of a composite pane consisting of an outer pane, an inner pane, and at least one thermoplastic intermediate layer, such notches are costly in terms of the stability of the composite pane.

DE201019102137U1 discloses a composite pane having a notch in the thermoplastic intermediate layer.

An object of the present invention is to reduce the risk of glass breakage during the bending process, improve the optical quality of the area of the sensor window present, mechanically stabilize, and optionally one or more conductive elements. Is to provide an improved composite pane with built-in.

The object of the present invention is achieved according to the present invention by the composite pane of claim 1. The preferred embodiment is evident from the dependent terms.

The composite pane of the present invention comprises at least an outer pane and an inner pane, a first thermoplastic intermediate layer, a second thermoplastic intermediate layer, and an inlay element.
The first thermoplastic intermediate layer is directly adjacent to the outer pane.
The second thermoplastic intermediate layer is directly adjacent to the inner pane and
The inlay element is arranged between the first thermoplastic intermediate layer and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer.

The inlay element is located only in a partial area of the composite pane, i.e., because the inlay element is smaller than the composite pane in terms of its outer dimensions, it does not extend beyond the composite pane. Preferably, the inlay element extends up to more than 50%, particularly preferably up to 30%, and most preferably over 10% of the area of the composite pane.

According to the present invention, the inner pane has a notch, and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer also has a notch. According to the present invention, when viewed through, the notch of the second plastic intermediate layer is completely arranged within the region where the inlay element is arranged. According to the present invention, when viewed through, the notch of the inner pane is completely arranged within the notch of the second thermoplastic intermediate layer.

The outer pane, inner pane, first thermoplastic intermediate layer, and second thermoplastic intermediate layer have substantially the same outer dimensions. Therefore, they substantially extend over the overall length and width of the composite pane of the invention, and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer and the inner pane have notches in each case, as described above. The first thermoplastic middle layer and the outer pane do not have a notch.

The outer and inner panes are typically made of glass. The composite pane is specifically a composite pane of the vehicle and is therefore intended to separate the interior of the vehicle from the external environment. For this reason, the composite pane is a window pane that is inserted into or intended to be inserted into or intended for in the window opening of the vehicle. The composite pane of the present invention is, in particular, a windshield for automobiles.

The term "inner pane" means a pane intended to face the interior of the vehicle in its mounting position. "Outer pane" means a pane intended to face the external environment of the vehicle at the mounting location. The surface of each pane facing the vehicle's external environment at the mounting position is called the outer surface. The surface of each pane facing the inside of the vehicle at the mounting position is called the inner surface.

The area of the composite pane that is located in or is intended for the purpose of the sensor's detection beam path is referred to as the sensor area or sensor window. In the sensor window, the radiant energy passing through the composite pane is detected by the sensor.

Preferably, the notch in the inner pane is suitable as a sensor window for the optical sensor.

When the sensor is a camera, the area of the composite pane located in the detection beam path or intended for that purpose may be referred to as the camera area or camera window. In the camera window, the radiant energy passing through the composite pane is detected by the camera.

In one embodiment of the composite pane of the invention, the inlay element comprises a substrate layer and an opaque layer, the opaque layer being completely disposed within the notch of the inner pane when viewed through. Has a notch. The substrate layer is preferably transparent. Preferably, the notch in the substrate layer is a sensor window for the optical sensor. Optionally, in this embodiment of the composite pane of the invention, a conductive element mounted as an electrically heatable element when viewed through is placed at least in the region of the notch of the opaque layer. There is. Any conductive element mounted as an electrically heatable element may be mounted as a conductive layer or coating applied to the entire surface of the substrate layer.

Preferably, the opaque layer is placed directly adjacent to the first thermoplastic layer.

In another embodiment of the composite pane of the invention, the inlay element is opaquely colored in some areas and is excluded from opaque coloring, i.e., not opaquely colored and therefore. It is transparent, has a region, and has a substrate layer. Areas excluded from opaque coloring are completely located within the notch in the inner pane when viewed through. Preferably, the area of the substrate layer that is excluded from the opaque coloring is the sensor window for the optical sensor. Optionally, in this embodiment of the composite pane of the invention, the conductive element mounted as an electrically heatable element, when viewed through, is placed at least in an area excluded from opaque coloring. ing. Any conductive element mounted as an electrically heatable element may be mounted as a conductive layer or coating applied to the entire surface of the substrate layer.

In a preferred embodiment of the composite pane of the invention, as described above, the area of the substrate layer that is excluded from the notch or opaque coloring of the opaque layer is the sensor window for the optical sensor.

The area of the notch in the opaque layer, or the area of some areas of the colored substrate layer that are excluded from opaque coloring, preferably corresponds to at least the size of the sensor window required for each sensor. Especially preferably, it corresponds exactly to the size of the sensor window required for each sensor. Some areas of the opaque layer notch or colored substrate layer that are excluded from opaque coloring are preferably at least 1 cm ² , particularly preferably 1 cm ² to 500 cm ² , most particularly preferably 10 cm. It has an area of ² to 250 cm ² , especially 20 cm ² to 100 cm ² , for example 35 cm ² . The sensor window is, for example, between 7 cm and 10 cm in height and between 8 cm and 40 cm in width.

In one embodiment, some areas of the notch of the opaque layer, or the colored substrate layer, that are excluded from the opaque coloring are trapezoidal. Trapezoidal areas that are excluded from trapezoidal notches or opaque coloring are particularly suitable as sensor windows for cameras. In another embodiment, the notch of the opaque layer, or some areas of the colored substrate layer that are excluded from the opaque coloring, are circular or oval. Areas excluded from circular or oval notches, or opaque coloring, are particularly suitable as sensor windows for rain sensors.

As mentioned above, when viewed through, the notch in the inner pane is completely located within the notch in the second thermoplastic intermediate layer, and when viewed through, the notch in the opaque layer, Alternatively, some areas of the colored substrate layer that are excluded from the opaque coloring are located entirely within the notch of the inner pane.

Thus, in one embodiment, when viewed through, it is excluded from the opaque coloring of the inner pane notch, the second thermoplastic intermediate layer notch, and the opaque layer notch or the colored substrate layer. Some areas have the same outer dimensions and are present in agreement with each other.

In a preferred embodiment, the notch in the second thermoplastic intermediate layer prior to laminating the composite pane is larger in size than the notch in the inner pane, and the notch in the inner pane is preferably viewed through. It is substantially centrally located in the notch of the second thermoplastic intermediate layer. For example, the distance between the inner edge of the second thermoplastic layer and the inner edge of the inner pane before stacking is 5 mm to 10 mm. This prevents the second thermoplastic intermediate layer from flowing into the notch in the inner pane during lamination. Alternatively, the inflow of the second thermoplastic intermediate layer during lamination can also be prevented by a barrier at the inner edge of the second thermoplastic intermediate layer. Such barriers can be formed, for example, by Teflon® strips and optionally removed from the composite pane after stacking.

In another preferred embodiment, some areas of the opaque layer notch, or the opaquely colored substrate layer, which are excluded from the opaque coloring, are smaller in size than the inner pane notch. Areas that are excluded from the opaque layer notch or opaque coloring when viewed through are preferably located substantially in the center of the inner pane notch. For example, the distance from the inner edge of the opaque layer or from the inner edge of the opaquely colored region to the inner edge of the inner pane is 5 mm to 50 mm, preferably 7 mm to 10 mm. Thus, when viewed from the outside, the inner edge of the inner pane is hidden by an opaque layer, or an opaquely colored region of the substrate layer that is opaquely colored in some areas.

The composite panes of the present invention are particularly intended and suitable for optical sensors that are anchored to the panes that make up the inner pane at the mounting position. For this purpose, the inner surface of the inner pane may be equipped with a suitable mount having, for example, a bracket or housing. The optical sensor anchored to the inner pane is preferably pointed at the notch in the inner pane.

The optical sensor secured to the pane is preferably a camera such as a video camera or a dark vision camera, a rain sensor, a light sensor, a range meter, or a lidar (light detection and distance measurement) system. If multiple optical sensors are fixed in the pane, the type of each optical sensor may be different.

The base material layer existing in the inlay element may be mounted as a conductive base material layer. In this case, the substrate layer contains or consists of a conductive polymer. Examples of conductive and heatable polymers are poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) containing polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSS) as the counterion, doped polyacetylene (PAC), and polyaniline (Pani). ).

In a preferred embodiment of the composite pane of the present invention, the inlay element has at least one conductive element.

Thus, in one embodiment, the inlay element comprises a substrate layer, an opaque layer, and at least one conductive element, the opaque layer being perfectly placed within the notch of the inner pane when viewed through. Has a notch that has been made. The at least one conductive element may be placed directly adjacent to the substrate layer, directly adjacent to the opaque layer, or between the substrate layer and the opaque layer.

In another embodiment, the inlay element comprises a substrate layer that is opaquely colored in some areas and at least one conductive element, the substrate layer being excluded from the opaque coloring. It has an area that is completely located within the notch of the inner pane when viewed through. In this case, at least one conductive element is placed directly adjacent to the substrate layer.

At least one conductive element, such as an electrically heatable element, a moisture sensor, a pressure sensor, an antenna, or a printed circuit board, ie, an electron line and a component, may be mounted independently of each other.

Examples of antennas are radio frequency identification (RFID), radio detection and ranging (RADAR), 5G, long-term evolution (LTE), global system for mobile communication (GSM), global positioning system (GPS), radio (FM). , DAB), Industrial, Scientific, or Medical Band (ISM Band), and Antennas for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN).

In one embodiment of the composite pane of the invention, the inlay element has at least two conductive elements with different structures.

The substrate layer of the inlay element and, if present, the opaque layer have substantially the same outer dimensions. Therefore, they are substantially extended over the overall length and width of the inlay element.

By "substantially the same outer dimension" is meant that the outer dimensions of the two materials deviate from each other by up to 5%, preferably by 3%, particularly preferably by up to 2%.

At least one conductive element, optionally present, extends over the entire surface or only in the section of the inlay element.

If the inlay element has only one conductive element mounted, for example, in the form of an electrically heatable layer or coating, this electrically heatable layer or coating will be of the inlay element. It extends over the entire surface or in either section. That is, the electrically heatable layer or coating is located over the entire surface, or substantially over the surface, or in sections on the substrate layer or on the substrate and opaque layers.

The at least one conductive element may be an electrically heatable coating, a carbon-containing layer, or a metal layer. Alternatively, at least one conductive element may contain a conductive polymer or may be made of a conductive polymer. It is well known to those skilled in the art which material is suitable as a conductive element. For example, at least one conductive element is an indium tin oxide (ITO) layer or coating, a layer or coating containing silver or a silver-containing alloy, a layer or coating containing gold, aluminum, or tungsten, a graphite-containing layer or coating, and the like. Or graphene. Examples of conductive and heatable polymers are poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) containing polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSS) as a counterion, doped polyacetylene (PAC), and polyaniline (. Pani) can be mentioned.

The conductive element is preferably 5 μm to 50 μm thick, particularly preferably between 5 μm and 20 μm, and most particularly preferably between 8 μm and 15 μm. If the conductive element is mounted, for example, as an electrically heatable layer, it is, for example, 10 μm thick. The conductive element does not necessarily have to have a constant thickness over the entire region. The functional properties of the conductive element can be affected by varying the thickness and structure of the conductive element.

In embodiments where the conductive element is applied as a coating on the substrate layer, the conductive element is preferably a thickness between 10 nm and 5000 nm, preferably between 10 nm and 100 nm.

In a preferred embodiment, the substrate layer contains or consists of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polypropylene (PP), or polyethylene (PE). Particularly preferably, the substrate layer contains or is made of PET.

The substrate layer is preferably 50 μm to 150 μm thick, particularly preferably 50 μm to 100 μm thick, and most particularly preferably 60 μm to 80 μm thick. The substrate layer is, for example, 50 μm thick.

As described above, the substrate layer may be opaquely colored in some areas.

In a preferred embodiment, the opaque layer of the functional inlay element contains polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or polyethylene (PE), or ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), in particular PET. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the opaque layer of the functional inlay element is made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyethylene (PE), especially PET.

The opaque layer is preferably between 50 μm (micrometer) and 200 μm in thickness. Particularly preferably, it has the same thickness as the transparent substrate layer.

In embodiments where the opaque layer is implemented as an opaque coating on the substrate layer, the opaque coating is preferably 5 μm to 15 μm thick.

Needless to say, the opaque layer may be implemented as an opaque coating of the transparent substrate layer. Suitable opaque coatings and printing methods for applying opaque coatings to substrate layers are well known to those of skill in the art.

In a preferred embodiment, the opaquely colored region of the opaque layer, or transparent substrate layer, at least partially transmits infrared light having a wavelength in the range of 800 nm to 1560 nm. Thus, in these embodiments, the opaquely colored region of the opaque layer, or transparent substrate layer, at least partially transmits the radiated energy of an infrared sensor or a photodetector and range-finding (LiDaR) sensor.

The first thermoplastic intermediate layer and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer are preferably independent of each other, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), or polyurethane (PU), or a mixture or copolymer or derivative thereof. , Particularly preferably containing PVB. The thicknesses of the first thermoplastic intermediate layer and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer are independent of each other, preferably 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably 0.3 mm to 1 mm, for example, 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm. .. In one embodiment, the thickness of the first thermoplastic intermediate layer is between 20 μm and 120 μm, preferably between 30 μm and 90 μm, particularly preferably between 50 μm and 75 μm, most particularly preferably 50 μm.

The first thermoplastic intermediate layer and / or the second thermoplastic intermediate layer may also be sprayed on the substrate layer or the substrate layer which is opaquely colored in some areas.

Needless to say, in the embodiment, the composite pane of the present invention may have an additional thermoplastic layer and / or a functional layer in addition to the first thermoplastic layer, the second thermoplastic layer, and the inlay element.

In a preferred embodiment of the composite pane of the present invention, the opaquely colored regions of the opaque layer or substrate layer are black. However, the opaque layer of the substrate layer or the opaquely colored region of the substrate layer may be any other color. The opaque layer can be an entirely colored layer or an imprinted layer, or can be realized by an opaque coating.

Composite panes according to the invention may further include masking prints made of particularly dark, preferably black enamel. Preferably, the opaquely colored regions of the opaque layer or substrate layer and the masking prints have substantially the same optical density. Masking prints are particularly peripheral, i.e., frame-like masking prints. Peripheral masking prints primarily serve as UV protection for composite pane assembly adhesives. The masking print is opaque and may cover the entire surface. Masking prints may be implemented semi-transparently, at least in sections, for example as point grids, strip grids, or checkered grids. Alternatively, the masking print may also have, for example, a gradient from an opaque cover to a translucent cover.

By "substantially the same optical density" is meant that the optical densities of the two materials differ from each other by up to 5%, preferably 3%, particularly preferably up to 2%.

In a preferred embodiment of the composite pane of the invention, it comprises a masking print that is the same color as the opaquely colored area of the opaque layer or substrate layer.

Masking prints are typically applied to the inner surface of the outer pane or the inner surface of the inner pane.

Preferably, the inlay element is located between the outer and inner panes, whereby in embodiments where the inlay element comprises a substrate layer and an opaque layer, the opaque layer of the inlay element is possible. As long as it is placed directly adjacent to the first thermoplastic intermediate layer. In such an arrangement, in the top view from the outside, the supply lines and connections of at least one conductive element that is optionally present are hidden by an opaque layer. Alternatively, the supply lines and connections may also be largely or completely embedded in the opaque layer.

The outer pane, inner pane, first thermoplastic intermediate layer, and second thermoplastic intermediate layer are independent of each other and are transparent and colorless, but may be colored, clouded, or colored. In a preferred embodiment, the total transmittance through the composite pane is more than 70%, especially if the composite pane is a windshield. The term "total transmittance" is based on the process of testing the light transmittance of a vehicle window as defined in ECE-R43, Appendix 3, §9.1. The outer and inner panes may be made of non-strengthened, partially tempered, or tempered glass. The thickness of the outer and inner panes is typically 0.3 mm to 5 mm, preferably 1 mm to 3 mm, for example 2.1 mm.

The composite pane is preferably curved in one or more spatial directions, as is customary in automotive windows, with a typical radius of curvature in the range of about 10 cm to about 40 m. However, the composite glass may be flat, for example, if intended for a bus, train, or tractor pane.

In a preferred embodiment, the composite pane is a vehicle composite pane, in particular a windshield.

In one embodiment, the composite pane is a windshield that is mirror-symmetrical along the centerline and the inlay elements are located on the centerline near the upper edge of the windshield.

"Near the upper edge" means that the distance between the inlay element and the upper edge is, in particular, a maximum of 30 mm, preferably a maximum of 20 mm, particularly preferably a maximum of 15 mm, and most particularly preferably a maximum of 10 mm. means.

At least one conductive element that is optionally present may be connected to the voltage source. Each conductive element can be connected to its own voltage source, or multiple conductive elements can be connected to the same voltage source. Each conductive element may be connected to its own voltage source, or a plurality of conductive elements may be connected to the same voltage source.

It is the foil conductor that is typically used in the vehicle sector as a supply line for contacting conductive elements within a composite pane. Examples of foil conductors are described in DE4235063A1, DE202004019286U1, and DE9313394U1.

A further aspect of the invention is an arrangement comprising the composite pane of the invention and an optical sensor applied thereto, the optical sensor being anchored to the inner surface of the inner pane, the inner surface of which is second. It faces the opposite side of the thermoplastic intermediate layer.

In one embodiment of this arrangement, the inlay element has a substrate layer and an opaque layer, the opaque layer having a notch completely located within the notch of the inner pane when viewed through. Have. In this embodiment, the optical sensor is directed to a notched area of the opaque layer, i.e., the sensor window. Therefore, the sensor's detection beam path passes through the notch in the opaque layer. The optical sensor is preferably an optical camera, in other words a camera having sensitivity in the visible spectral range, such as a lane camera or a camera for an augmented reality heads-up display.

In another embodiment of this arrangement, the inlay element is opaquely colored in some areas and is excluded from the opaque coloring and is completely within the notch in the inner pane when viewed through. It comprises a substrate layer having a region arranged in. In this embodiment, the optical sensor is directed to a region of the substrate layer that is excluded from opaque coloring, i.e., the sensor window. Therefore, the sensor's detection beam path passes through a region that is excluded from opaque coloring. The optical sensor is preferably an optical camera, in other words a camera having sensitivity in the visible spectral range, such as a lane camera or a camera for an augmented reality heads-up display.

In another embodiment of this arrangement, the inlay element has a substrate layer and an opaque layer, the opaque layer at least partially transmitting infrared radiation having a wavelength in the range of 800 nm to 1560 nm. However, the optical sensor is an infrared sensor or a light detection and ranging (LiDaR) sensor, and the optical sensor is directed to a section that transmits infrared rays having a wavelength in the range of 800 nm to 1560 nm. Therefore, the sensor's detection beam path passes through a section of the opaque layer that transmits infrared light with wavelengths in the range of 800 nm to 1560 nm.

In another embodiment of this arrangement, the inlay element has a substrate layer that is opaquely colored in some areas, and the opaquely colored regions of the substrate layer are at least partially. The optical sensor is an infrared sensor, or a light detection and ranging (LiDaR) sensor, which transmits infrared rays having a wavelength in the range of 800 nm to 1560 nm, and these sensors have a wavelength in the range of 800 nm to 1560 nm. It is aimed at the section that transmits infrared rays. Therefore, the detection beam path of the sensor passes through a section of the substrate layer that transmits infrared light with a wavelength in the range of 800 nm to 1560 nm.

The composite pane of the present invention satisfies, for example, the legal requirements for fragment composition in a collision test according to ECE Rule R43.

In the composite pane of the present invention, the refractive power in the area of the sensor window is reduced by more than 50% as compared to the composite pane in which the inner pane does not have a notch in the area of the sensor window. Typical remaining power is in the range of 10-70 millidiopters (mdpt).

The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a composite pane, comprising at least the following steps:
(A) A step of providing an outer pane, an inner pane with a notch, a first thermoplastic intermediate layer, a second thermoplastic intermediate layer with a notch, and an inlay element;
(B) The first thermoplastic intermediate layer directly adjacent to the outer pane, the second thermoplastic intermediate layer directly adjacent to the inner pane, and the first thermoplastic intermediate layer and the second heat. By arranging the inlay element between the plastic intermediate layer, the notch of the second thermoplastic intermediate layer is completely arranged within the region where the inlay element is arranged when viewed through, and the notch of the second thermoplastic intermediate layer is arranged. The step of completely arranging the notch of the inner pane completely in the notch of the second thermoplastic intermediate layer when viewed through; and (c) the first thermoplastic intermediate layer and the second heat. A step of joining the outer pane to the inner pane by lamination via a thermoplastic intermediate layer.

The placement of the inlay element between the first thermoplastic intermediate layer and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer can be performed manually or mechanically, for example by a robot.

When the inlay element comprises a substrate layer and an opaque layer having a notch, or a substrate layer having an area where the inlay element is opaquely colored in some areas and excluded from the opaque coloring. When provided, the inlay element is placed between the first thermoplastic intermediate layer and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer in the step (b) of the manufacturing method, so that when viewed through, the notch of the opaque layer is provided. , Or a portion of the substrate layer that is opaquely colored in some areas, excluded from the opaque colored areas, is placed entirely within the notch in the inner pane.

In embodiments of the method in which the inlay element has at least one conductive element, the provision of the inlay element, i.e., the substrate layer, the at least one conductive element, and, if present, the placement of the opaque layer, either manually or. It can be performed mechanically, for example using a robot. Appropriate inlay elements can be preassembled and tested and placed on the connector line between the first and second panes during the manufacture of the composite pane.

At least one conductive element is treated using, for example, laser technique, cutting method, printing method, etching method, bonding method, chemical vapor deposition (CAV), physical vapor deposition (PVD), or atomic layer deposition (ALD). be able to.

If the composite pane is curved, as is customary for passenger cars in particular, the pane is subjected to a bending process prior to laminating, for example by gravity bending, suction bending, and / or press bending. Typical bending temperatures are 500 ° C to 700 ° C.

Preferably, an opaque masking print is applied, especially to the edge areas of the outer and / or inner panes, before laminating and prior to any bending. For this reason, black or dark enamel is typically applied by screen printing and baked before laminating, especially before or during bending.

The invention also relates to the use of composite panes of the invention as vehicle panes, preferably as windshields for automobiles.

Various embodiments of the invention can be implemented individually or in any combination. In particular, the features described above and below can be used not only in the above combinations but also in other combinations or alone without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and exemplary embodiments. The drawings are schematic and are not proportional to the actual size. The drawings are by no means limiting the invention.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of a composite pane of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a detailed cross section of the composite pane according to the invention of FIG. 1 along the center line M. FIG. 3 is a detailed cross section along the center line M for another embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention of FIG. FIG. 4 is a detailed cross section along the center line M for another embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention of FIG. FIG. 5 is a detailed cross section along the center line M for another embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention of FIG. FIG. 6 is a detailed cross section along the center line M for another embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention of FIG. FIG. 7 is a detailed cross section along the center line M for another embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention of FIG. FIG. 8 is a plan view of an embodiment of the inlay element. FIG. 9 is a plan view of another embodiment of the composite pane of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a flowchart of the manufacturing method of the present invention.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the composite pane 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows details of a cross section along a center line M for the embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention of FIG. The composite pane 1 shown in FIG. 1 is mirror-symmetrical with respect to the center line M, and the functional inlay element 5 is arranged on the center line in the vicinity of the upper edge O.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the composite pane 1 is directly adjacent to the first thermoplastic intermediate layer 4a arranged directly adjacent to the outer pane 2 and directly adjacent to the inner pane 3. It comprises an outer pane 2 and an inner pane 3 that are joined to each other face-to-face via a second thermoplastic intermediate layer 4b that is arranged. The outer pane 2 and the inner pane 3 are made of soda lime glass and have a thickness of, for example, 2.1 mm. The inlay element 5 is arranged between the first thermoplastic intermediate layer 4a and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer 4b. The first thermoplastic intermediate layer 4a and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer 4b are made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and each case has a thickness of 0.76 mm. be. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the inlay element 5 has a trapezoidal shape, and the corners toward the lower edge are rounded. However, the inlay element 5 suitable for masking the sensor may have any other contour. The second thermoplastic intermediate layer 4b has a notch 7, which, when viewed through, is completely disposed within the region where the inlay element 5 is located. The inner pane 3 has a notch 6. It is completely located within the notch 7 of the second thermoplastic intermediate layer 4b when viewed through. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the inner edge 16 of the inner pane 3 and the inner edge 17 of the second thermoplastic layer 4b are arranged so as to coincide with each other when viewed through. However, the notch 7 of the second thermoplastic intermediate layer 4b may be larger than the notch 6 of the inner pane, with the inner edge 17 of the second thermoplastic layer 4b and the inner edge 16 of the second thermoplastic layer 4b. The distance of is, for example, 5 mm.

FIG. 3 shows the details of the cross section along the center line M for another embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention of FIG. 1, optionally with a sensor 14 attached to the inner pane 3 via a mount 15. Only the inclusion point is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. The optical sensor is pointed at the notch 6 in the inner pane (not marked in FIG. 3). The optical sensor 14 is, for example, a lane camera or a lidar sensor. The detection direction of the optical sensor 14 is directed to the front, substantially horizontally, on the outside of the composite pane 1. In the so-called sensor window, the radiant energy horizontally passing through the vehicle composite pane 1 is detected by the optical sensor 14.

FIG. 4 shows the details of the cross section along the center line M for another embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention of FIG. 1, in which the inlay element 5 has the base material layer 8 and the opaque layer 9. Is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. The opaque layer 9 has a notch 10 that is completely disposed within the notch 6 of the inner pane 3 when viewed through. During the lamination of the composite pane, the first thermoplastic intermediate layer 4a flows into the notch 10 of the opaque layer 9. This also applies to the embodiment shown in FIG. The distance of the inner edge 18 of the opaque layer 9 from the inner edge 16 of the inner pane 3 is, for example, 10 mm. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the substrate layer 8 is, for example, a transparent PET film having a thickness of 60 μm, and the opaque layer 9 has a thickness of 50 μm, PET. It is a film.

FIG. 5 shows the details of the cross section along the center line M for another embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention of FIG. 1, in which the inlay element 5 is a substrate layer that is opaquely colored in some areas. Only the point indicating that it has 8 (the opaquely colored region is indicated by reference numeral 8a) is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. The region 11, which is excluded from the opaque coloring of the substrate layer and is thus transparent, is completely located within the notch 6 of the inner pane 3 when viewed through. The distance of the inner edge 19 of the region 11 from the inner edge 16 of the inner pane 3 is, for example, 10 mm. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the base material layer 8 is, for example, a PET film having a thickness of 80 μm.

FIG. 6 shows the details of the cross section along the center line M for another embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention of FIG. 1, wherein the inlay element 5 is optionally mounted as an electrically heatable layer 12a. It differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 only in that it has the conductive element 12 as shown in FIG. The conductive element 12 is arranged between the opaque layer 9 and the base material layer 8. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the conductive element 12 is larger than the notch 6 in the inner pane 3 in terms of its outer dimension. Due to the arrangement of the conductive element 12, the notch 6 of the inner pane 3 is completely arranged within the region where the conductive element 12 is arranged, when viewed through. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the conductive element 12 is a conductive polymer such as polyaniline having a thickness of 100 nm.

FIG. 7 shows the details of the cross section along the center line M for another embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention of FIG. 1, wherein the inlay element 5 is optionally mounted as an electrically heatable coating 12a. It differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 only in that it has the conductive element 12 as shown in FIG. The electrically heatable coating 12a is applied onto the substrate layer 8 in the direction of the inner pane 3. The electrically heatable coating 12a, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, is larger than the notch 6 in the inner pane 3 in terms of its outer dimensions. Due to the arrangement of the electrically heatable coating, when viewed through, the notch 6 of the inner pane 3 is within the region in which the conductive element 12 in the form of the electrically heatable coating 12a is arranged. Is completely placed. The conductive element 12 is, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, an ITO coating applied to the substrate layer 8 which is opaquely colored in some areas and has a thickness of 50 nm.

FIG. 8 shows a plan view of an embodiment of the inlay element 5. In the embodiment of the inlay element 5 shown in FIG. 8, it has a substrate layer 8 that is opaquely colored in some areas. The transparent region 11 is trapezoidal because it is excluded from opaque coloring and is bordered by a dashed line in FIG. 8 for better explanation. In the embodiment of the inlay element 5 shown in the plan view of FIG. 8, the inlay element 5 has four conductive elements 12. However, the inlay element may have more or less conductive elements 12. For better explanation, the conductive element 12 is shown patterned in FIG. One of these conductive elements 12 is a heatable element 12a mounted in a substantially triangular region having two lines extending from it. Another of these conductive elements 12 is mounted as an antenna 12b, eg, a GPS antenna, which has a substantially square area from which a line extends. There is. Further two of these conductive elements 12 are both moisture sensors 12c, which are implemented as two substantially rectangular regions, each extending from one. It has two lines. As can be identified from FIG. 8, the substantially triangular region of the heatable element 12a is slightly larger than the region 11 excluded from the opaque coloring of the substrate layer 8 and is excluded from the opaque coloring. 11 is completely present within the triangular region of the heatable element 12a when viewed through.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the composite pane 1 of the present invention. The composite pane 1 shown in FIG. 9 differs from that shown in FIG. 1 only in that it additionally comprises a peripheral masking print 13 made of enamel. The opaquely colored region of the opaque layer 9 or the transparent substrate layer 8 of the inlay element 5 and the surrounding masking print 13 have substantially the same optical density, and in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the inlay element 5 has substantially the same optical density. In each case, it is shown patterned. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the perimeter masking print 13 is applied only adjacent to the outer edge of the composite pane 1. However, in yet another masking print 13, it may be additionally applied to the outside around the inlay element 5.

FIG. 10 shows a flowchart of the method of the present invention for manufacturing the composite pane 1 of the present invention. The first step I provides an outer pane 2, an inner pane 3 with a notch 6, a first thermoplastic intermediate layer 4a, a second thermoplastic intermediate layer 4b with a notch 7, and an inlay element 5. In the second step II, the first thermoplastic intermediate layer 4a is placed directly adjacent to the outer pane 2, the second thermoplastic intermediate layer 4b is placed directly adjacent to the inner pane 3, and then. By arranging the inlay element 5 between the first thermoplastic intermediate layer 4a and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer, the inlay element 5 is viewed through the notch 7 of the second thermoplastic intermediate layer 4b. It is completely placed within the area to be placed, and the notch 6 of the inner pane 3 is completely placed within the notch 7 of the second thermoplastic intermediate layer 4b when viewed through. In the third step III, the outer pane is joined to the inner pane 3 by laminating via the first thermoplastic intermediate layer 4a and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer 4b.

1 Composite pane 2 Outer pane 3 Inner pane 4a First thermoplastic intermediate layer 4b Second thermoplastic intermediate layer 5 Inlay element 6 Notch (inner pane)
7 Notch (inside the second thermoplastic intermediate layer)
8 Base material layer 8a Opaquely colored area of the base material layer 9 Opaque layer 10 Notch (inside the opaque layer)
11 areas (excluded from opaque coloring)
12 Conductive element 12a Electrically heatable element, electrically heatable layer, electrically heatable coating 12b Antenna 12c Moisture sensor 13 Masking print 14 Sensor 15 Mount 16 Inner edge of inner pane 17 Second heat Inner edge of the thermoplastic intermediate layer 18 Inner edge of the opaque layer 19 Inner edge of region 11

O Upper edge of compound pane / Roof edge U Lower edge of compound pane / Engine edge M Center line

Claims (15)

It is a compound pane (1),
-A first thermoplastic intermediate layer (4a) placed directly adjacent to the outer pane (2) and a second thermoplastic intermediate layer placed directly adjacent to the inner pane (3). The outer pane (2) and the inner pane (3), which are bonded to each other via (4b), and-the first thermoplastic intermediate layer (4a) and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer (4b). The inlay element (5), which is arranged in the area of the composite pane between the two,
At least have
The inner pane (3) has a notch (6).
The second thermoplastic intermediate layer (4b) has a notch (7).
When viewed through, the notch (7) of the second plastic intermediate layer (4b) is completely arranged in the region where the inlay element (5) is arranged, and
When viewed through, the notch (6) of the inner pane (3) is completely arranged in the notch (7) of the second thermoplastic intermediate layer (4b).
Composite pane (1). The inlay element (5) comprises a substrate layer (8) and an opaque layer (9), and the opaque layer (9) has a notch (10), the notch (10). The composite pane (1) according to claim 1, which is completely arranged in the notch (6) of the inner pane (3) when viewed through. The inlay element (5) comprises a substrate layer (8) that is opaquely colored in some areas and has a region (11) that is excluded from the opaque coloring. The composite pane (1) according to claim 1, wherein the region (11) is completely arranged in the notch (6) of the inner pane (3) when viewed through. The composite polymer (1) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the base material layer (8) contains a conductive polymer or is made of a conductive polymer. The composite pane (1) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the inlay element (5) has at least one conductive element (12). Independent of each other, the at least one conductive element (12) is for an electrically heatable element (12a), a moisture sensor (12c), a pressure sensor, an antenna (12b), or an electronic line and electronic component. The composite pane (1) according to claim 5, which is implemented as a carrier. The composite pane (1) according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the at least one conductive layer (12) is a conductive coating, a carbon coating layer, or a metal layer, or contains a conductive polymer or is made of a conductive polymer. ). The composite pane (1) according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the inlay element (5) has at least two conductive elements (12) having different structures. Claims 2-8, wherein the notch (10) of the opaque layer (9) or the region (11) of the substrate excluded from the opaque coloring is the sensor window of the optical sensor (14). The composite pane (1) according to any one of the items. Claim 2 to claim 2, wherein the base material layer (8) contains or comprises polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polypropylene (PP), or polyethylene (PE), preferably PET. 3 or the composite pane according to any one of 5 to 8 (1). Claim 2 or 4-10, wherein the opaque layer (9) contains or comprises polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), or ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), preferably PET. The composite pane described in any one of the items. Conductive element mounted as an electrically heatable element (12a) in at least the region of the notch (10) or the region (11) excluded from the opaque coloring when viewed through. The composite pane (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 3 or 5 to 11, wherein (12) is arranged. The composite pane (1) is an edge windshield having an upper end (O) and a lower end (U) and mirror-symmetrical along a center line, and the inner element (5) is the inner element (5). The composite pane (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, which is arranged in the center line (M) near the upper edge (O) of the windshield. The method for manufacturing a composite pane (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
at least,
(A) Outer pane (2), inner pane with notch (6), first thermoplastic intermediate layer (4a), second thermoplastic intermediate layer with notch (7), and Provide inlay element (5),
(B) The first thermoplastic intermediate layer (4a) directly adjacent to the outer pane (2), the second thermoplastic intermediate layer (4b) directly adjacent to the inner pane (3), and. The inlay element (5) is arranged between the first thermoplastic intermediate layer (4a) and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer (4b), and when viewed through, the inlay element (5) is arranged. The notch (7) of the second thermoplastic intermediate layer (4b) is completely arranged in the region to be formed, and when viewed through, the notch of the second thermoplastic intermediate layer (4b) (4b). The notch (6) of the inner pane (3) is completely arranged in 7), and
(C) The outer pane (2) is bonded to the inner pane (3) by lamination via the first thermoplastic intermediate layer (4a) and the second thermoplastic intermediate layer (4b).
A method for manufacturing a composite pane (1). Use of the composite pane (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, as a vehicle pane, preferably a windshield for an automobile.

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