JP2022530501A - リチウム二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウム二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2022530501A JP2022530501A JP2021563684A JP2021563684A JP2022530501A JP 2022530501 A JP2022530501 A JP 2022530501A JP 2021563684 A JP2021563684 A JP 2021563684A JP 2021563684 A JP2021563684 A JP 2021563684A JP 2022530501 A JP2022530501 A JP 2022530501A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- positive electrode
- secondary battery
- solvent
- lithium secondary
- lithium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[S] Chemical group [Li].[S] JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- GJEAMHAFPYZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[S] Chemical compound [C].[S] GJEAMHAFPYZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZJNSNLGAFDATPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-aminopyridin-4-yl)acetic acid Chemical compound NC1=CN=CC=C1CC(O)=O ZJNSNLGAFDATPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JOROOXPAFHWVRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoro-3-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)OCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F JOROOXPAFHWVRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DOESGSGKEZIPFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoro-3-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy)propane Chemical group FC(F)C(F)(F)COC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F DOESGSGKEZIPFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WSIIYENBWBHASS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)OC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F WSIIYENBWBHASS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZASBKNPRLPFSCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)OCC(F)(F)F ZASBKNPRLPFSCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HEMYUAPEXJWFCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-iodobenzamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC(I)=C1 HEMYUAPEXJWFCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- PVWOIHVRPOBWPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl iodide Chemical compound CCCI PVWOIHVRPOBWPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 22
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 22
- -1 Lithium cations Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 11
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 101710137710 Thioesterase 1/protease 1/lysophospholipase L1 Proteins 0.000 description 7
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 6
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSROMLOMDFTVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 1h-imidazol-1-ium;nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH2+]1C=CN=C1 XSROMLOMDFTVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018091 Li 2 S Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013553 LiNO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910012424 LiSO 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical class C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium nitrate Chemical compound [Cs+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- QDZRBIRIPNZRSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[Ti](O[N+]([O-])=O)(O[N+]([O-])=O)O[N+]([O-])=O QDZRBIRIPNZRSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDCYWAQPCXBPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dinitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 WDCYWAQPCXBPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JSZOAYXJRCEYSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitropropane Chemical compound CCC[N+]([O-])=O JSZOAYXJRCEYSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUPDGJAVWKTTJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dinitropyridine Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CN=C1[N+]([O-])=O RUPDGJAVWKTTJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DYSXLQBUUOPLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O DYSXLQBUUOPLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical class COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 101150058243 Lipf gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- PKVGKJDLLALEMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=C1CCCO1.O=C1CCCO1 Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1.O=C1CCCO1 PKVGKJDLLALEMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000156302 Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium nitrate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- AJAFRMGZWFDZAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M cesium;nitrite Chemical compound [Cs+].[O-]N=O AJAFRMGZWFDZAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- IOCGMLSHRBHNCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethoxy(difluoro)methane Chemical compound FC(F)OC(F)F IOCGMLSHRBHNCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
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- LHWWETDBWVTKJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N et3n triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC.CCN(CC)CC LHWWETDBWVTKJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IDNUEBSJWINEMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl nitrate Chemical compound CCO[N+]([O-])=O IDNUEBSJWINEMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、正極;負極;これらの間に介在された分離膜;及び電解液を含むリチウム二次電池であって、
上記正極は、硫黄-炭素複合体、バインダー及び導電材を含む正極スラリーを含み、
上記正極スラリーの粒度(D50基準)は15ないし50μmであって、
上記電解液は溶媒及びリチウム塩を含み、
上記溶媒は、
下記数式1で表されるDV2 factor値が1.75以下の第1溶媒;及び
フッ素化されたエーテル系溶媒の第2溶媒を含むことを特徴とするリチウム二次電池を提供する:
[数式1]
上記正極は、硫黄-炭素複合体、バインダー及び導電材を含む正極スラリーを含み、
上記正極スラリーの粒度(D50基準)は15ないし50μmであって、
上記電解液は溶媒及びリチウム塩を含み、
上記溶媒は、
下記数式1で表されるDV2 factor値が1.75以下である第1溶媒;及び
フッ素化されたエーテル系溶媒の第2溶媒を含むことを特徴とするリチウム二次電池に関する。
本発明のリチウム二次電池用正極は、硫黄-炭素複合体、バインダー及び導電材を含む正極スラリーを含み、上記正極スラリーの粒度(D50基準)は15ないし50μmである。
本発明で上記電解液はリチウム塩を含む非水系電解液であって、リチウム塩と溶媒を含む。上記電解液は1.5g/cm3未満の密度を持つ。上記電解液が1.5g/cm3以上の密度を持つ場合、電解液の重さが増加することによってリチウム二次電池、好ましくはリチウム-硫黄二次電池の高エネルギー密度を具現しにくい。
本発明のリチウム二次電池用負極は、負極集電体;及び上記集電体の少なくとも一面に形成された負極活物質層;を含むことができる。
本発明において、分離膜は電極を物理的に分離する機能を持つ物理的な分離膜であって、通常の分離膜で使われるものであれば特に制限せずに使用可能であり、特に電解液のイオン移動に対して低抵抗でありながら電解液の含湿能に優れるものが好ましい。
実施例1.
粒度(D50基準)が100ないし150μmのエンタングルドタイプ(entangled type)のカーボンナノチューブをボールミルを利用して粒度(D50基準)が減少したエンタングルドタイプのカーボンナノチューブを製造した。
粒度(D50基準)が100ないし150μmのエンタングルドタイプ(entangled type)のカーボンナノチューブをボールミルを利用して実施例1に比べてボールミル時間を増やし、粒度(D50基準)が実施例1より減少したエンタングルドタイプのカーボンナノチューブを製造した。
粒度(D50基準)が100ないし150μmのエンタングルドタイプ(entangled type)のカーボンナノチューブをボールミルを利用して実施例2に比べてボールミル時間を増やし、粒度(D50基準)が実施例2より減少したエンタングルドタイプのカーボンナノチューブを製造した。
粒度(D50基準)が100ないし150μmのエンタングルドタイプ(entangled type)のカーボンナノチューブをボールミルを利用して実施例3に比べてボールミル時間を増やし、粒度(D50基準)が実施例3より減少したエンタングルドタイプのカーボンナノチューブを製造した。
粒度(D50基準)が100ないし150μmのエンタングルドタイプ(entangled type)のカーボンナノチューブをボールミルを利用して実施例4に比べてボールミル時間を増やし、粒度(D50基準)が実施例4より減少したエンタングルドタイプのカーボンナノチューブを製造した。
粒度(D50基準)が100ないし150μmのエンタングルドタイプ(entangled type)のカーボンナノチューブをボールミルを利用して実施例4に比べてボールミル時間を増やし、粒度(D50基準)が実施例4より減少したエンタングルドタイプのカーボンナノチューブを製造した。
粒度(D50基準)が100ないし150μmのエンタングルドタイプ(entangled type)のカーボンナノチューブを実施例4と同一時間でボールミルし、粒度(D50基準)が実施例4と同一なエンタングルドタイプのカーボンナノチューブを製造した。
充放電測定装置(LAND CT-2001A、武漢(Wuhan)、中国)を利用して初期5サイクルの間0.1Cの電流密度で充電-放電を行い、その後0.1C充電と0.3C放電を行いながら、実施例1ないし4及び比較例1ないし3によるリチウム-硫黄二次電池のED factor値を測定した。このとき得られた結果は図1に示す。
Claims (14)
- 上記正極は、正極集電体;及び上記正極集電体の少なくとも一面に形成された正極活物質層;を含み、上記正極活物質層は粒度(D50基準)が15ないし50μmの正極スラリーを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 上記硫黄-炭素複合体は硫黄及びカーボンナノチューブを含むことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 上記カーボンナノチューブは粒度(D50基準)が15ないし50μmの粒子形態のエンタングルドタイプ(entangled type)であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 上記第1溶媒のDV2 factor値は1.5以下であることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 上記第1溶媒は、プロピオニトリル、ジメチルアセトアミド、ジメチルホルムアミド、ガンマ-ブチロラクトン、トリエチルアミン及び1-ヨードプロパンからなる群から選択される1種以上であることを特徴とする請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 上記第2溶媒は、1H,1H,2´H,3H-デカフルオロジプロピルエーテル、ジフルオロメチル 2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルエーテル、1,2,2,2-テトラフルオロエチルトリフルオロメチルエーテル、1,1,2,3,3,3-ヘキサフルオロプロピルジフルオロメチルエーテル、ペンタフルオロエチル 2,2,2-トリフルオロエチルエーテル及び1H,1H,2´H-パーフルオロジプロピルエーテルからなる群から選択される1種以上であることを特徴とする請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 上記溶媒は第1溶媒を1ないし50重量%で含むことを特徴とする請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 上記溶媒は第2溶媒を50ないし99重量%で含むことを特徴とする請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 上記溶媒は1:1ないし1:9の重量比で第1溶媒及び第2溶媒を含むことを特徴とする請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池。
- 上記リチウム二次電池はリチウム-硫黄二次電池であることを特徴とする請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池。
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