JP2022526971A - 吸熱高温反応用の反応器 - Google Patents
吸熱高温反応用の反応器 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
CH4<->C(s)+2H2.
複数の固体材料粒子を、第1の熱統合帯域に導いて、第1の熱統合帯域から反応帯域に導き、
固体材料粒子を、反応帯域で加熱し、
固体材料粒子を、反応帯域から第2の熱統合帯域に導き、第2の熱統合帯域から取り出し、
供給ガスを、第2の熱統合帯域に導入して、第2の熱統合帯域から反応帯域に導入し、第2の熱統合帯域の供給ガスを、反応帯域から来る固体材料粒子に対して加熱して、固体材料粒子を冷却し、反応帯域の供給ガスを加熱された固体材料粒子と接触させ、加熱された固体材料粒子からの熱を供給ガスに伝達し、反応帯域の供給ガスを加熱するようにし、反応帯域の供給ガスを、生成ガスを生成することによって、反応において出発生成物として関与させ、
生成された生成ガスを、反応帯域から第1の熱統合帯域に導き、第1の熱統合帯域の固体材料粒子を、反応帯域から来る生成ガスに対して予熱して、生成ガスを冷却し、
生成ガスを、第1の熱統合帯域から取り出す。
CH4+H2O→CO+3H2、
式中、供給ガスとしてのメタン(CH4)は、反応帯域(好ましくは約950℃~1250℃の温度、及び10バール(a)~100バール(a)の圧力(好ましくは、15バール(a)~50バール(a)の圧力)で、水蒸気(H2O)と共に反応して、一酸化炭素及び水素を生成ガスとして形成し、例えば、コランダム(Al2O3)で作製されたセラミック球が、好ましくは、固体材料粒子、あるいは耐磨耗性Ni系触媒として再び使用される。
CO2+H2→CO+H2O、
式中、CO2及びH2を供給物として反応させてCO及びH2Oを形成し、例えばコランダム(Al2O3)から作製されたセラミック球が、固体材料粒子、あるいは耐磨耗性Ni系触媒として再び使用される。
10 反応器内部
11 第1の熱統合帯域
12 反応帯域
12a 壁部
12b 内側面
13 第2の熱統合帯域
20 第1の電極
21 第2の電極
22 電気電圧又は電圧源
30 固体材料粒子入口
31 固体材料粒子出口
32 供給ガス入口
33 供給ガス出口
110、130 移動床
120 移動床
330 フロー接続
F 固体材料粒子(反応器床)
E 供給ガス
P 生成ガス
W 角度
Claims (12)
- 吸熱反応、特に高温反応を実施するための反応器(1)であって、前記反応器において、生成ガス(P)が供給ガス(E)から得られ、前記反応器(1)は反応器内部(10)を取り囲み、前記反応器(1)は、前記反応器内部(10)の反応帯域(12)に重力駆動式移動床(120)を設けるように構成されており、前記移動床は、多数の固体材料粒子(F)を含み、前記反応器(1)はまた、前記供給ガス(E)を前記反応帯域(12)に導くように構成されており、前記供給ガス(E)を加熱するために、前記反応器(1)は、前記固体材料粒子に電流を発生させることによって、前記反応帯域(12)の前記固体材料粒子(F)を加熱するように構成されており、その結果、前記固体材料粒子(F)から前記供給ガス(E)に熱を伝達することによって、前記反応帯域(12)の前記供給ガス(E)を反応温度まで加熱して、前記生成ガス(P)を生成するための前記吸熱反応において出発生成物として関与できるようにし、前記反応器内部(10)はまた、第1の熱統合帯域(11)を含み、前記第1の熱統合帯域において、前記反応帯域(12)で生成された前記生成ガス(P)からの熱を、前記反応器床(120)の固体材料粒子(F)に伝達することができ、前記固体材料粒子を前記反応帯域(12)に導くことになり、反応器内部(10)はまた、第2の熱統合帯域(13)を含み、前記第2の熱統合帯域において、前記反応帯域(12)から来る前記反応器床(120)の固体材料粒子(F)からの熱を、前記供給ガス(E)に伝達して、前記供給ガス(E)を予熱できるようにしている、反応器。
- 前記反応器床(120)の前記固体材料粒子(F)を加熱するための前記反応器(1)が、第1の電極(20)及び第2の電極(21)を有し、前記第1の電極(20)は、前記反応器内部(10)の前記第2の電極(21)の上方に配置され、特に、前記2つの電極(20、21)は、各々の場合において、前記固体材料粒子(F)、前記供給ガス(E)及び前記生成ガス(P)に対して透過性であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の反応器。
- 前記反応器(1)が、前記固体材料粒子(F)を加熱するための前記2つの電極(20、21)間に直流電圧(22)又は交流電圧(22)を供給するように構成されていることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の反応器。
- 前記反応帯域(12)が前記2つの電極(20、21)の間に配置され、前記第1の熱統合帯域(11)が前記第1の電極(20)の上方に配置され、前記第2の熱統合帯域(13)が前記第2の電極の下方に配置されていることを特徴とする、請求項2又は3に記載の反応器。
- 前記反応器(1)が、固体材料粒子入口(30)を有し、前記固体材料粒子入口を介して、固体材料粒子(F)を前記第1の熱統合帯域(11)に導入することができ、その結果、前記固体材料粒子(F)を、前記第1の電極(20)を通して反応帯域(12)に導けるように、また前記第2の電極(21)を通して第2の熱統合帯域(13)に導けるようにすることを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の反応器。
- 前記反応器(1)が、固体材料粒子出口(31)を有し、前記固体材料粒子出口を介して、前記固体材料粒子(F)を前記第2の熱統合帯域(13)から取り出せることを特徴とする、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の反応器。
- 前記反応器(1)が、供給ガス入口(32)を有し、前記供給ガス入口を介して、前記供給ガス(E)を、前記第2の熱統合帯域(13)に導入することができ、前記第2の熱統合帯域から前記第2の電極(21)を通して前記反応帯域(12)に導けることを特徴とする、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の反応器。
- 前記反応器(1)が、生成ガス出口(33)を有し、前記生成ガス出口を介して、前記反応帯域(12)で生成された生成ガス(P)を、前記第1の熱統合帯域(11)から取り出せることを特徴とする、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の反応器。
- 前記反応器(1)が、移動床(110、130)の形態で重力によって駆動される、前記第1の熱統合帯域(11)及び/又は前記第2の熱統合帯域(13)の前記固体材料粒子(F)を導くように構成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の反応器。
- 前記反応器(1)の前記反応帯域(12)が、前記反応器(1)の周壁部(12a)によって区切られ、前記周壁部は、前記反応帯域(12)に面する内側面(12b)を有し、円錐形の設計であるため、前記反応帯域(12)が垂直方向に上方に向かって先細になっていることを特徴とする、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の反応器。
- 前記内側面が、前記反応帯域(12)の水平断面と角度(W)を形成し、前記角度(W)は、好ましくは85°~89.5°、好ましくは87°~89°の範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の反応器。
- 請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の反応器を用いて、供給ガス(E)から生成ガス(P)を得るための吸熱反応を実施する方法であって、
複数の固体材料粒子(F)を、前記第1の熱統合帯域(11)に導いて、前記第1の熱統合帯域から反応帯域(12)に導き、
前記固体材料粒子(F)を、前記反応帯域(12)で加熱し、
前記固体材料粒子(F)を、前記反応帯域(12)から前記第2の熱統合帯域(13)に導き、前記第2の熱統合帯域(13)から取り出し、
前記供給ガス(E)を、前記第2の熱統合帯域(13)に導入して、前記第2の熱統合帯域から前記反応帯域(12)に導入し、前記第2の熱統合帯域(13)の前記供給ガス(E)を、前記反応帯域(12)から来る固体材料粒子(F)に対して加熱して、前記固体材料粒子(F)を冷却し、前記供給ガス(E)を、前記反応帯域(12)の前記加熱された固体材料粒子(F)と接触させ、前記加熱された固体材料粒子(F)からの熱を、前記供給ガス(E)に伝達し、前記反応帯域(12)の前記供給ガス(E)を加熱するようにし、前記反応帯域(12)の前記供給ガス(E)を、前記生成ガス(P)を生成することによって、前記反応において出発生成物として関与させ、
前記生成された生成ガス(P)を、前記反応帯域(12)から前記第1の熱統合帯域(11)に導き、前記第1の熱統合帯域(11)の前記固体材料粒子(F)を、前記反応帯域(12)から来る前記生成ガス(P)に対して予熱して、前記生成ガス(P)を冷却し、
前記生成ガス(P)を、前記第1の熱統合帯域(11)から取り出す、方法。
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