JP2022507386A - 3d画像化のための組織試料を調製するための方法、溶液及びキット - Google Patents
3d画像化のための組織試料を調製するための方法、溶液及びキット Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
a)組織試料を準備するステップ;
b)組織試料を固定するステップ;
c)必要に応じて、組織試料をアーカイブ保存するステップ;
d)組織試料をpH9未満の緩衝液及び界面活性剤を含む溶液で処理するステップ;
e)必要に応じて、組織試料を免疫標識するステップ;
を含む方法を提供する。
本発明は、三次元での大きな無傷の(インタクトな)組織の中の分子標識構造の可視化を可能にする。
緩衝液(より正確には、pH緩衝液又は水素イオン緩衝液)は、弱酸及びそのコンジュゲート塩基、又はその逆の混合物からなる水性溶液である。少量の強い酸又は塩基がそれに加えられる場合、緩衝液のpHはわずかしか変化しない。緩衝溶液は、各種の適用においてpHをほとんど一定の値に保つ手段として使用される。
一態様では、本発明による溶液は、約30℃~約100℃の間の温度で使用するためのものであるか、使用されるべきである。例えば、溶液は約40℃~95℃、約50℃~約90℃、約55℃~85℃、約60℃~約80℃、又は約65℃~75℃の間の温度で使用され得る。本発明の好ましい態様では、溶液は、約50℃~60℃の間の温度、好ましくは約55℃で使用される。本発明による溶液は、約30、35、40、45、50、55、60、65、70、75、80、85、90及び95℃から選択される温度で使用され得る。
本発明で使用するのに好適な界面活性剤は、組織試料調製の標準の方法で使用される界面活性剤である。
染色をさらに強めるために、抗原賦活化を助けるか又は試料浸透を増加させる化合物を溶液に加えることができる。抗原賦活化を支える化合物は、例えばホルムアルデヒドスカベンジャー、例えばアスコルビン酸、尿素、トリス、2-イミダゾリジノン、又は触媒、例えばアントラニル酸及びホスファニレート、又はプロテアーゼ、例えばトリプシン若しくはペプシン若しくはコラゲナーゼであってよい。試料浸透を支える化合物は、カオトロピック剤、例えばチオシアン酸アンモニウム、n-ブタノール、ジメチルスルホキシド、エタノール、塩化グアニジウム、過塩素酸リチウム、酢酸リチウム、尿素、塩化マグネシウム、フェノール、2-プロパノール、チオシアン酸ナトリウム及びチオ尿素、又は還元剤、例えば1,4-ジチオトレイトール、b-メルカプトエタノール及びトリス(2-カルボキシエチル)ホスフィン塩酸塩であってよい。
本明細書に記載される発明は、任意の組織試料に適用され得る。
本明細書に記載される本発明による溶液は、3D画像化のための組織試料を調製するための方法で使用され得る。
1.組織を取出し、必要に応じてPBSにより脈管潅流を行う。
2.組織固定。
3.必要に応じた長期の組織保存。
4.洗浄ステップ。
5.該当する場合、試料から細片及び隣接組織を消去するステップ。必要に応じて、試料はより小さい断片に分断してもよい。
6.免疫標識を可能にする溶液の中での組織インキュベーション。
7.一次又は二次抗体とのインキュベーション。
本発明は、3D画像化のための組織試料の調製のための、本発明による溶液を含むキットも包含する。
材料及び方法
FLASH。FLASHは、軽い非破壊的エピトープ回収(FLASH-抗体で染色した完全な臓器の急速な光学顕微鏡分析)による無傷の成体臓器における多数の抗原の迅速検出のために開発された。
無傷の組織の免疫標識を可能にするために、組織完全性を損なうことなく抗原性を回復するために、組織透過処理及びタンパク質架橋の部分的反転の組合せを開発した。ある範囲の異なる緩衝系を膜可溶化及び低熱と組み合わせて検査し、続いて溶媒に富むブロッキング試薬中で抗体インキュベートを行った。膵臓の脆弱な高度に区分された構造は組織学のために処理するのが本来的に困難であるが、その理由は、それが消化酵素に富む膵液による傷害を起こしやすいからである。単一の一晩の抗原賦活化ステップでの緩衝液中でのインキュベーションの後、全膵臓小葉を処理し、膵管を標識した。注目すべきことに、試験した全ての緩衝液は、膵臓小葉にわたる分岐管の頑強な染色を与えた。染色を達成するのに温和な熱が必要であったが、より高い温度は組織完全性を不安定化し、試料喪失を引き起こした(図1)。完全な膵臓を次にFLASHで処理し、続いて、従来の透明化した膵臓で過去に失敗したアミラーゼ、Pcsk1及びSma抗体で染色した。全ての染色は、伝統的な2D染色での抗体の性能と一致して、標準の共焦点顕微鏡検査を使用して三次元で検出可能な頑強なシグナルを生成した(図2)。
材料及び方法
FLASH。FLASHは、軽い非破壊的エピトープ回収による無傷の成体臓器における多数の抗原の迅速検出のために開発された(FLASH-抗体で染色した完全な臓器の急速な光学顕微鏡分析)。
成体膵臓の幾何学的な複雑性を保存するために、単一細胞及び組織レベルでの臓器構造の頑強な定量的調査を可能にする、急速全臓器三次元免疫染色及び画像化(FLASH、方法を参照)のための新しい手法を開発した。FLASHは、膵臓の区画化及び組織完全性を維持した(図10a、b)。全ての管細胞でtdTomatoの発現を誘導することによって成体膵管系を可視化した(R26-CAG-tdTomato; Hnf1b-CreERt2)。完全な膵臓のFLASH画像化は、外分泌小葉にわたる細管の複雑な階層を明らかにした(図9a、b、図10c、d)。管セグメントは直径がかなり変動し(図9c、d)、より小さい管は細長い細胞及び立方体様細胞の大きな管で構成された(図9、e、f)。Confetti標識は、主に細胞長軸に沿ったクローン増殖を示した(図10e、f)。これらの所見は、膵管系の複雑性及び不均一性を明らかにする(図9g)。
材料及び方法
FLASH。ヒト組織生検は、同意した膵管腺癌患者から得られた。生検を10% NBFで一晩固定し、直ちにFLASHで処理するか又はアーカイブのためにパラフィンに包埋した。アーカイブ材料でFLASHを実行するために、パラフィン包埋試料を先ずHistoClear又はキシレン中での30分間のインキュベーションによって脱パラフィンし、その後EtOHでの洗浄、及び90%、75%、30% EtOH、続く2×ddH2O中での30分間の洗浄による段階的再水和が続いた。検体を、200mMホウ酸(Sigma-Aldrich)と8% Zwittergent(登録商標)3-10(Merck)pH7.0の中で54℃で一晩インキュベートした。
ヒト組織試料の分析のために、例えば臨床組織病理学でFLASHを利用することができるかどうか試験するために、組織切片での標準の組織学による従来の生検分析を無傷の生検のFLASH-3D画像化と比較した。具体的には、FLASH画像化試料の光学2D切片を標準処理試料の2D組織切片と比較した。新鮮な、固定された、パラフィン包埋された生検の免疫標識及び光学的透明化をFLASHが可能にすることを見出した。FLASHで透明化した試料で、外方増殖性及び内部増殖性の病巣を検出した(図15 a~d)。FLASH免疫標識は、周囲の正常及びがん性の膵臓組織領域の空間場面で、生検試料中の管及び粘液特性、並びに間葉細胞を特定した。3D画像化データセットの2D光学切片は、組織切片の標準の組織病理学的分析において組織及び病巣形態の提示を再現した(図15a、c)。したがって、FLASHはヒト材料の急速組織病理特徴付けを可能にする。本明細書で言及される全ての文書はここに参照により完全に組み込まれ、それらが言及される対象発明が特に注目される。本発明の記載される方法及びシステムの様々な改変及び変更は、本発明の範囲及び精神を逸脱せずに当業者に明らかになる。
1.pH9未満の緩衝液及び界面活性剤を含む、三次元(3D)画像化のための組織試料を調製するための溶液。
2.前記3D画像化が免疫染色に基づく、段落1に記載の溶液。
3.界面活性剤がSDSである、段落1又は段落2に記載の溶液。
4.界面活性剤が双性イオン性界面活性剤である、段落1又は段落2に記載の溶液。
5.前記双性イオン性界面活性剤がZwittergent(登録商標)界面活性剤である、段落4に記載の溶液。
6.前記緩衝液のpHが約7である、段落1~5のいずれか1つに記載の溶液。
7.前記緩衝液がホウ酸又はクエン酸緩衝液である、段落1~6のいずれか1つに記載の溶液。
8.前記溶液が約40℃~約60℃の間の温度で使用される、段落1~7のいずれか1つに記載の溶液。
9.前記溶液が約55℃の温度で使用される、段落8に記載の溶液。
10.前記組織試料がマウス、ラット、ウサギ、ウシ、ブタ又は非ヒト霊長類に由来するものである、段落1~9のいずれか1つに記載の溶液。
11.前記組織試料がヒトに由来するものである、段落10に記載の溶液。
12.pH8未満の前記緩衝液を前記界面活性剤と組み合わせることを含む、段落1~11のいずれか1つに記載の溶液を調製する方法。
13.3D画像化のための組織試料を調製する方法であって、前記組織試料を段落1~11のいずれか1つに記載の溶液で処理することを含む方法。
14.3D画像化のための組織試料を調製するための、段落1~11のいずれか1つに記載の溶液の使用。
15.段落1~11のいずれか1つに記載の溶液を含む、3D画像化のための組織試料の調製のためのキット。
Claims (20)
- 3D画像化のための組織試料を調製する方法であって、前記組織試料をpH9未満の緩衝液及び界面活性剤を含む溶液で処理することを含む方法。
- 3D画像化のための組織試料を調製する方法であって、
a)組織試料を準備するステップ;
b)必要に応じて、前記組織試料を固定するステップ;
c)必要に応じて、前記組織試料をアーカイブ保存するステップ;
d)前記組織試料をpH9未満の緩衝液及び界面活性剤を含む溶液で処理するステップ;並びに
e)前記組織試料を免疫標識するステップ
を含む方法。 - 前記組織試料がヒドロゲルに包埋されておらず、及び/又はグルタルアルデヒドで固定されていない、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記3D画像化が免疫染色に基づく、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- a)前記界面活性剤がSDS又は双性イオン性、好ましくはZwittergent(登録商標)界面活性剤であり、前記Zwittergent(登録商標)界面活性剤がn-オクチル-N,N-ジメチル-3-アンモニオ-1-プロパンスルホン酸、n-デシル-N,N-ジメチル-3-アンモニオ-1-プロパンスルホン酸、n-ドデシル-N,N-ジメチル-3-アンモニオ-1-プロパンスルホン酸、n-テトラデシル-N,N-ジメチル-3-アンモニオ-1-プロパンスルホン酸、及びn-ヘキサデシル-N,N-ジメチル-3-アンモニオ-1-プロパンスルホン酸のいずれか1つから選択され;並びに/又は
b)前記緩衝液のpHが8.5未満、8未満、7.5未満若しくは7であり;並びに/又は
c)前記緩衝液がホウ酸若しくはクエン酸緩衝液、好ましくはホウ酸である、
請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記溶液が約40℃~約60℃の間、好ましくは約50℃~約60℃の間の温度、より好ましくは約55℃又は約54℃の温度で使用される、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記組織試料が
a)マウス、ラット、ウサギ、ウシ、ブタ若しくは非ヒト霊長類;又は
b)ヒト
に由来するものであり、好ましくは前記組織試料が外科的切除された試料、3D細胞培養材料(オルガノイド)の試料又は生物工学によって作られた組織の試料である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記組織試料が中性緩衝ホルマリン、好ましくは10%中性緩衝ホルマリンを使用して固定されている、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記組織試料中の疾患状態の有無を決定することをさらに含む、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記組織試料がパラフィン包埋されている、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記組織試料が無傷の組織試料である、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- pH9未満の緩衝液及び界面活性剤を含む、三次元(3D)画像化のための組織試料を調製するための溶液。
- 前記3D画像化が免疫染色に基づく、請求項12に記載の溶液。
- a)前記界面活性剤がSDS又は双性イオン性、好ましくはZwittergent(登録商標)界面活性剤であり、前記Zwittergent(登録商標)界面活性剤がn-オクチル-N,N-ジメチル-3-アンモニオ-1-プロパンスルホン酸、n-デシル-N,N-ジメチル-3-アンモニオ-1-プロパンスルホン酸、n-ドデシル-N,N-ジメチル-3-アンモニオ-1-プロパンスルホン酸、n-テトラデシル-N,N-ジメチル-3-アンモニオ-1-プロパンスルホン酸、及びn-ヘキサデシル-N,N-ジメチル-3-アンモニオ-1-プロパンスルホン酸のいずれか1つから選択され;並びに/又は
b)前記緩衝液のpHが8.5未満、8未満、7.5未満若しくは7であり;並びに/又は
c)前記緩衝液がホウ酸若しくはクエン酸緩衝液、好ましくはホウ酸である、
請求項12又は請求項13に記載の溶液。 - 前記溶液が約40℃~約60℃の間、好ましくは約50℃~約60℃の間の温度、より好ましくは約55℃又は約54℃の温度で使用される、請求項12~14のいずれか一項に記載の溶液。
- 前記組織試料が
a)マウス、ラット、ウサギ、ウシ、ブタ若しくは非ヒト霊長類;又は
b)ヒト
に由来するものであり、好ましくは前記組織試料が外科的切除された検体、3D細胞培養材料(オルガノイド)の試料又は生物工学によって作られた組織の試料である、請求項12~15のいずれか一項に記載の溶液。 - pH8未満の前記緩衝液を前記界面活性剤と組み合わせることを含む、請求項12~16のいずれか一項に記載の溶液を調製する方法。
- 3D画像化のための組織試料を調製するための、請求項12~16のいずれか一項に記載の溶液の使用。
- 疾患状態の有無を決定するための、請求項18に記載の溶液の使用。
- 請求項12~16のいずれか一項に記載の溶液を含む、3D画像化のための組織試料の調製のためのキット。
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JP2008249543A (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-16 | Tohoku Univ | 組織標本からの細胞の調製方法 |
JP2015532210A (ja) * | 2012-10-15 | 2015-11-09 | アブーレ・テクノロジーズ・エービーAvure Technologies AB | 等静圧プレス処理のために装填物を取り扱う設備及び方法 |
WO2017096248A1 (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2017-06-08 | Clearlight Diagnostics Llc | Methods for preparing and analyzing tumor tissue samples for detection and monitoring of cancers |
US20170227430A1 (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2017-08-10 | Wake Forest University Health Sciences | Compositions and Methods for Clearing a Biological Sample |
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JP2008249543A (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-16 | Tohoku Univ | 組織標本からの細胞の調製方法 |
JP2015532210A (ja) * | 2012-10-15 | 2015-11-09 | アブーレ・テクノロジーズ・エービーAvure Technologies AB | 等静圧プレス処理のために装填物を取り扱う設備及び方法 |
US20170227430A1 (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2017-08-10 | Wake Forest University Health Sciences | Compositions and Methods for Clearing a Biological Sample |
WO2017096248A1 (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2017-06-08 | Clearlight Diagnostics Llc | Methods for preparing and analyzing tumor tissue samples for detection and monitoring of cancers |
JP2019507352A (ja) * | 2015-12-02 | 2019-03-14 | クリアライト ダイアグノスティックス リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | 癌の検出およびモニタリングのための腫瘍組織サンプルの調製および分析のための方法 |
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