JP2022500851A - 発光用または光検出用の構造を有する半導体デバイス - Google Patents
発光用または光検出用の構造を有する半導体デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022500851A JP2022500851A JP2021513219A JP2021513219A JP2022500851A JP 2022500851 A JP2022500851 A JP 2022500851A JP 2021513219 A JP2021513219 A JP 2021513219A JP 2021513219 A JP2021513219 A JP 2021513219A JP 2022500851 A JP2022500851 A JP 2022500851A
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- H01L33/005—Processes
- H01L33/0062—Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds
- H01L33/0066—Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds with a substrate not being a III-V compound
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- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
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- H01L31/0232—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
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- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
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Abstract
Description
基板層と、
黒鉛層と、
前記黒鉛層上で成長させた少なくとも1つの半導体構造とを含む、半導体デバイスであって、前記構造は、少なくとも
III−V半導体n型ドープ領域と、
六方晶窒化ホウ素(hBN)領域とを含む、半導体デバイスを提供する。
「ミクロ構造」なる語は、通常は最小の寸法として、寸法が少なくとも1マイクロメートルである構造を意味する。「ナノ構造」なる語は、通常は最小の寸法として、寸法が少なくとも1ナノメートルである構造を意味する。
説明した通り、いくつかの実施形態において、黒鉛層はグラフェンである。「グラフェン」なる語は、密集してハニカム(六方晶系)結晶格子となったsp2炭素原子からなる平坦なシートのことをいう。好ましくは、黒鉛層は、厚さを20nm以下とするべきである。理想的には、含有するグラフェンまたはその誘導体の層の数は、10以下、好ましくは5以下とするべきである(これを少数層グラフェンと呼ぶ)。特に好ましくは、厚さが一原子分であるグラフェンの平坦なシートである。通常、黒鉛層の面積は限定されない。この面積は、0.5mm2以上ほどであってもよく、例えば、10cm2以下など、5mm2以上までであってもよい。したがって、黒鉛層の面積は、実用性という点でのみ、限定される。
黒鉛層は、例えばナノ構造などの半導体をボトムアップ方式でその上で成長させることを可能にするために、支持される必要がある場合がある。いくつかの実施形態において、分布型ブラッグ反射器または金属反射鏡が、成長中のナノ構造とは反対側の表面上で、黒鉛基板と平行に隣接していてもよい。黒鉛層は、透過性が高いので、DBRまたは金属反射鏡は、反射が大きく低下することなく、依然としてその機能を発揮することができる。黒鉛層に隣接する、デバイスの基部にあるDBRまたは金属反射鏡は、光を完全に反射するように、例えば、本質的に100%の反射器として、設計されてもよい。
いくつかの実施形態において、ミクロ構造またはナノ構造は、ミクロワイヤまたはナノワイヤである。ミクロワイヤまたはナノワイヤが、基板に対して垂直に成長し、理想的にはそれによって[0001]方向(六方晶結晶構造の場合)または[111]方向(立方晶結晶構造の場合)に成長するのが理想的である。発明者らは、[111]方向に成長する立方晶系結晶構造のミクロワイヤまたはナノワイヤの(111)平面(あるいは、[0001]方向に成長する六方晶系結晶構造のミクロワイヤまたはナノワイヤの(0001)平面)における、黒鉛層の六方対称および半導体原子の六方対称によって、ボトムアップ方式で成長するミクロワイヤまたはナノワイヤと基板との間で、格子整合を達成できるということに気付いた。ここでの技術については、WO2013/104723で包括的に説明されている。
半導体構造は、少なくとも1つのIII−V化合物半導体領域から形成される。III族元素の選択肢は、B、Al、Ga、In、およびTlである。ここでの好ましい選択肢は、B、Ga、Al、およびInである。V族の選択肢は、N、P、As、Sb、およびBiである。すべて好ましいが、特にNが好ましい。
寸法の均一性がより優れた、ミクロ構造/ナノ構造のより規則的なアレイを作製するために、基板上でパターンマスクを用いてもよい。このマスクには、規則的な孔が設けられており、その孔において、ボトムアップ方式で、サイズが均一なミクロ構造/ナノ構造を成長させて、基板にわたって規則的なアレイとすることができる。孔のサイズおよび間隔については、注意深く制御することができる。孔を規則的に配置することによって、規則的なパターンでミクロ構造/ナノ構造を成長させることができる。
すでに述べたように、いくつかの実施形態において、デバイスは、分布型ブラッグ反射器(DBR)または金属反射鏡を少なくとも1つ有していてもよい。DBRおよび/または反射鏡は必須ではないということが、理解されるであろう。例えば、DBRおよび/または反射鏡は、LEDおよび非発光体では必要とされない場合がある。以下では、好ましい例をいくつか説明する。この説明は、NWデバイスについてのものであるが、この説明が、NPデバイスまたは他のミクロ構造デバイス/ナノ構造デバイスに対して等しく適用されるということが、理解されるであろう。
充填剤を用いて層の集合体を包囲することは、本発明の範囲であり、充填剤は、放射光に対して透過性を有していてもよい。充填剤は、ミクロ構造/ナノ構造間の空間に存在し、かつ/または層の集合体全体の周囲に存在していてもよい。ミクロ構造/ナノ構造間の空間には、集合体全体に対して用いられるのとは異なる充填剤が用いられていてもよい。充填剤は、ミクロ構造/ナノ構造の材料よりも高いバンドギャップを有する半導体材料を含んでいてもよい。あるいは、充填剤は、ポリマーおよび/または樹脂を含んでいてもよい。
Claims (30)
- 基板層と、
黒鉛層と、
前記黒鉛層上で成長させた少なくとも1つの半導体構造とを含む半導体デバイスであって、前記構造は、少なくとも
III−V半導体n型ドープ領域と、
六方晶窒化ホウ素(hBN)領域とを含む、半導体デバイス。 - 前記III−V半導体n型ドープ領域の位置は、前記黒鉛層に対する前記hBN領域の位置よりも前記黒鉛層の近くにある、請求項1に記載のデバイス。
- 前記黒鉛層は、前記基板層上に配置されている、請求項1または請求項2に記載のデバイス。
- 前記基板層は、分布型ブラッグ反射器を含む、請求項1、請求項2、または請求項3に記載のデバイス。
- 前記hBN領域は、p型ドーピングされている、先行する請求項のいずれか1つに記載のデバイス。
- 前記p型ドープhBN領域は、接触層を形成している、請求項5に記載のデバイス。
- 前記hBN領域は、複数のhBN層を含み、そのうちの少なくとも1つはドーピングされておらず、少なくとも1つはp型ドーピングされている、先行する請求項のいずれか1つに記載のデバイス。
- 前記ドーピングされていないhBN層は、前記n型ドープIII−V半導体領域と界面を形成している、請求項7に記載のデバイス。
- 前記黒鉛層上で前記III−V半導体n型ドープ領域を成長させ、前記n型ドープ領域上に前記hBN領域を堆積させた、先行する請求項のいずれか1つに記載のデバイス。
- 前記黒鉛層から、前記少なくとも1つの半導体構造をボトムアップ方式で成長させた、先行する請求項のいずれか1つに記載のデバイス。
- 前記構造は、前記n型ドープ領域と前記hBN領域との間に、真性III−V半導体領域をさらに含む、先行する請求項のいずれか1つに記載のデバイス。
- 前記構造は、p型ドープIII−V半導体領域をさらに含む、先行する請求項のいずれか1つに記載のデバイス。
- 前記n型ドープ領域は電子を含み、
前記p型ドープ領域は正孔を含み、
前記構造は、n型ドープ領域から電子を、p型ドープ領域から正孔を受け取って、受け取った電子および正孔を再結合させて発光するように配置された真性III−V半導体領域をさらに含む、請求項12に記載のデバイス。 - 前記n型ドープ領域は電子を含み、
前記p型ドープ領域は正孔を含み、
前記構造は、光子を吸収すると電子−正孔対を生じるように配置された真性III−V半導体領域をさらに含む、請求項12に記載のデバイス。 - 前記真性領域は、少なくとも1つのヘテロ構造を含む、請求項11、請求項13、または請求項14に記載のデバイス。
- 前記ヘテロ構造は、量子ヘテロ構造である、請求項15に記載のデバイス。
- 前記量子ヘテロ構造は、量子井戸、量子ドット、または超格子である、請求項16に記載のデバイス。
- 前記ヘテロ構造は、
AlGaNヘテロ構造もしくはAl(In)GaNヘテロ構造であるか、または
GaN、AlN、AlGaN、もしくはAl(In)GaNを含む、請求項15、請求項16、または請求項17に記載のデバイス。 - 前記hBN領域は、電子阻止層として機能する、先行する請求項のいずれか1つに記載のデバイス。
- 前記hBN領域は、封入層または不動態化層として機能する、先行する請求項のいずれか1つに記載のデバイス。
- 前記III−V半導体は、III族窒化物半導体である、先行する請求項のいずれか1つに記載のデバイス。
- 前記構造は、n型ドープAlGaN領域またはn型ドープAl(In)GaN領域と、p型ドープAlGaN領域またはp型ドープAl(In)GaN領域と、AlGaN真性領域またはAl(In)GaN真性領域とを含む、請求項13または請求項14に記載のデバイス。
- 前記少なくとも1つの半導体構造は、ナノ構造であり、例えば、ナノワイヤまたはナノピラミッドである、先行する請求項のいずれか1つに記載のデバイス。
- 前記ナノ構造は、軸状ヘテロ構造および/または放射状ヘテロ構造を含む、請求項23に記載のデバイス。
- 前記黒鉛層上の孔パターンマスクの孔を通して前記ナノ構造を成長させた、請求項23または請求項24に記載のデバイス。
- 共鳴共振器発光ダイオード(RCLED)である、先行する請求項のいずれか1つに記載のデバイス。
- 前記少なくとも1つの半導体構造の表面上に、金属層をさらに含む、先行する請求項のいずれか1つに記載のデバイス。
- 前記金属層は、上部接触層として機能する、請求項27に記載のデバイス。
- 前記金属層は、反射鏡として機能する、請求項27または請求項28に記載のデバイス。
- 前記基板層は、サファイア基板、GaAs基板、GaN基板、AlN基板、Si基板、SiC基板、ガラス基板、金属製基板、または溶融石英基板を含む、先行する請求項のいずれか1つに記載のデバイス。
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PCT/EP2019/074143 WO2020053231A1 (en) | 2018-09-10 | 2019-09-10 | Semiconductor devices with structures for emitting or detecting light |
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GB202212397D0 (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-10-12 | Crayonano As | Nanowire device with mask layer |
KR102608234B1 (ko) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-11-30 | 전북대학교산학협력단 | 수직 광방출 나노로드 레이저 다이오드 및 그 제조 방법 |
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WO2018141974A1 (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2018-08-09 | Norwegian University Of Science And Technology (Ntnu) | Lasers or leds based on nanowires grown on graphene type substrates |
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GB201200355D0 (en) | 2012-01-10 | 2012-02-22 | Norwegian Univ Sci & Tech Ntnu | Nanowires |
US10547834B2 (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2020-01-28 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Support of non-HEVC base layer in HEVC multi-layer extensions |
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US20130292687A1 (en) * | 2012-05-05 | 2013-11-07 | Texas Tech University System | Structures and Devices Based on Boron Nitride and Boron Nitride-III-Nitride Heterostructures |
CN104393128A (zh) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-03-04 | 北京中科天顺信息技术有限公司 | 一种使用SiC衬底的氮化物LED外延结构及其制备方法 |
CN104538526A (zh) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-22 | 北京中科天顺信息技术有限公司 | 一种基于铜衬底的氮化物led外延片结构及其制备方法 |
JP2018521516A (ja) * | 2015-07-13 | 2018-08-02 | クラヨナノ エーエス | ナノワイヤ/ナノピラミッド型発光ダイオード及び光検出器 |
WO2018141974A1 (en) * | 2017-02-03 | 2018-08-09 | Norwegian University Of Science And Technology (Ntnu) | Lasers or leds based on nanowires grown on graphene type substrates |
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JP7376574B2 (ja) | 2023-11-08 |
CN112655098A (zh) | 2021-04-13 |
EP3850676A1 (en) | 2021-07-21 |
GB201814693D0 (en) | 2018-10-24 |
KR20210062028A (ko) | 2021-05-28 |
WO2020053231A1 (en) | 2020-03-19 |
CA3109431A1 (en) | 2020-03-19 |
US20220052236A1 (en) | 2022-02-17 |
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