JP2022500545A - 精製所に組み込まれたフィッシャー・トロプシュ過程による液体炭化水素の生成方法 - Google Patents
精製所に組み込まれたフィッシャー・トロプシュ過程による液体炭化水素の生成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022500545A JP2022500545A JP2021537449A JP2021537449A JP2022500545A JP 2022500545 A JP2022500545 A JP 2022500545A JP 2021537449 A JP2021537449 A JP 2021537449A JP 2021537449 A JP2021537449 A JP 2021537449A JP 2022500545 A JP2022500545 A JP 2022500545A
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- fischer
- tropsch
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- hydrogen generation
- gas
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- FZFYOUJTOSBFPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dipotassium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+].[K+] FZFYOUJTOSBFPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
2H2+CO→−CH2−+H2O
(1)改質反応 CnH2m+nH2O→nCO+H2(m+n)
(2)シフト反応 CO+H2O→CO2+H2
以下の各実施例は、本発明のさまざまな実施形態を示している。
この実施例は、本発明による方法の構成を説明するものである。表1に提示した「設計」の生産能力で動作する、99.99%のH2の、1,100,000Nm3/日の生産能力の水蒸気改質過程による工業用水素生成装置は、その技術水準に従って、表1に記載された組成の1099.12kmol/時間のパージガスを生成する。本発明のパージガスは、コバルト系触媒を使用し、200℃の温度および5bar(0.5MPa)の圧力で動作する、小規模なフィッシャー・トロプシュ装置に搬送することができる。フィッシャー・トロプシュ過程が原因で生じるガス留分は、燃料として改質炉に戻すことができ、水蒸気改質段階に必要な反応熱を提供するために、天然ガスで補完することができる。この過程は、コスト削減のために精製所の蒸留区間に返送されるか、または分離して精製されることが好ましい、約487.5kg/時間のガソリン、46.1kg/時間のディーゼル油、および0.2kgのパラフィンを含む混合物を生産することができる。フィッシャー・トロプシュ過程が原因で生じる(液化された)水性留分は、精製所の廃水処理区間、または酸性水区間に搬送できることが好ましい。
この実施例では、各種液体誘導体をより多く生産するために、水蒸気改質区間の過程条件(水蒸気/炭素比)が、本発明に従って調整される。
この実施例では、本発明に従ってフィッシャー・トロプシュ区間の過程条件(圧力および温度)を変更し、液体副産物の生成に与える影響を定量化する。装置からのデータは、表1で「設計」条件として提示したものであり、その結果は図3に示した通りである。
Claims (17)
- 精製装置に組み込まれたフィッシャー・トロプシュ過程によって液体炭化水素を生成する方法であって、水蒸気改質水素生成過程からのガス流を前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ過程の原料として再循環させることを含み、前記ガス流は、二酸化炭素含有量が少なくとも20%であり、水素含有量が50%v/v未満である、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法であって、前記水蒸気改質水素生成過程からの前記ガス流が、圧力スイング吸着(Pressure Swing Adsorption; PSA)区間からのものである、方法。
- 請求項1または2に記載の方法であって、前記水蒸気改質水素生成過程からの前記ガス流が、25から35%の水素と、35から55%の二酸化炭素と、10から30%のメタンと、8から15%の一酸化炭素とを含むパージガス流である、方法。
- 請求項3に記載の方法であって、H2:CO比が約1.2:約5.5mol/molである、方法。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法であって、前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ過程が、
前記水蒸気改質水素生成過程から生じる前記原料を、約0.5kgf/cm2(0.049MPa)から約4〜40kgf/cm2(0.39MPa〜3.92MPa)の圧力で圧縮することと、
前記圧縮された原料をフィッシャー・トロプシュ反応器に供給し、触媒と接触させることと、
随意に、得られた液体生成物を、液体炭化水素を含む油性の流れと、水性の流れとに分離することと、
を含む、方法。 - 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の方法であって、非圧縮の前記パージガス流の一部が改質炉の燃料を構成するために搬送される、方法。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法であって、軽質炭化水素を含む未変換の残留ガス留分が、前記改質炉からの前記燃料とともに前記水素生成過程に返送されるか、または随意に軽質アルケン回収区間に搬送される、方法。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法であって、前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ反応で使用される前記触媒が、酸化アルミニウム、チタン、アルミネート、シリカ、ジルコニア、またはそれらの混合物を基礎とした各種コバルト化合物の中から選択される、方法。
- 請求項8に記載の方法であって、前記触媒が、Pt、ReまたはRuの中から選択された貴金属を促進剤としてさらに含む、方法。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法であって、前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ反応で使用される前記触媒が、シリカ、銅、貴金属、および、酸化カリウム、酸化銅、シリカ、酸化亜鉛、またはそれらの組み合わせの中から選択されたアルカリ金属からなる前記促進剤を随意に含む各種鉄化合物の中から選択される、方法。
- 請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の方法であって、前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ反応器が、スラリー反応器、流動床反応器、固定床反応器、または移動床反応器、好ましくは「ミリチャネル」型、または「マイクロチャネル」型のコンパクトな各種反応器から選択される、方法。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法であって、前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ反応の温度が、約180℃から300℃、好ましくは約190℃から250℃であり、圧力が約4から30kgf/cm2(0.39〜2.94MPa)である、方法。
- 請求項1〜7または請求項10のいずれか1項に記載の方法であって、前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ反応の温度が、約250℃から400℃の間、好ましくは約300℃から350℃の間である、方法。
- 請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載の方法であって、前記液体炭化水素が、ガソリン、ディーゼル油、潤滑油、および同類のものである、方法。
- 請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の方法であって、前記水蒸気改質水素生成過程からの前記ガス流が、既設の前記精製装置からのものである、方法。
- 請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法であって、請求項5で定義した前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ過程で得られた液体炭化水素を含む前記油性の流れが、既存の各精製区間に、好ましくは蒸留区間、水素化処理区間および廃水処理区間に再循環する、方法。
- 請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法であって、請求項5で定義した前記フィッシャー・トロプシュ過程で生成された前記水性の流れが、前記精製所の既存の酸性水生成器に再循環する、方法。
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US20210340447A1 (en) | 2021-11-04 |
BR102018068334A2 (pt) | 2020-03-24 |
BR102018068334B1 (pt) | 2021-12-07 |
MX2021002736A (es) | 2021-06-23 |
CN113316629A (zh) | 2021-08-27 |
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US11479728B2 (en) | 2022-10-25 |
CA3112239A1 (en) | 2020-03-19 |
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