JP2022135739A - Ceramic spacer for farmed oyster - Google Patents

Abstract

To develop an oyster cultivation spacer having a material and a structure which can withstand a repeated use in which a raw material which is low in a price and small in an environmental load becomes necessary, and the spacer is required to withstand a submarine use for a long period of time, and not making a work condition and a method remarkably differ from a current work condition and a current method at a site of current cultivation.SOLUTION: A mixture of crushed recycle materials such as waste disposals such as porcelain clays, tiles, bricks and glass is used as a main raw material, and a large number of fine hollow parts are formed by mixing and calcining plastic or wooden chips for the purpose of weight reduction. By applying molding processing to an inner face upper part or an inner/outer face upper part by using a mass-production metal mold which forms an angular curved-face chamfered shape, and on the necessity, by using a material which is imparted with surface slide performance by glaze calcination or the like, a spacer withstanding a long time use can be obtained, thus solving a problem.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a ceramic spacer for cultured oysters.

Generally, when oysters are artificially cultivated, seeds and seedlings are attached to scallops, and for the purpose of securing intervals between each scallop, pipe-shaped pipes of about 20 mm in length x 15 mm in outer diameter x 10 mm in inner diameter have been used. A commonly used method is to use spacers made of polyethylene (hereafter referred to as "PE") substrates called blister tubes to hang them from a raft or the like at a length of about 2 to 3 m. It is said that this method is often adopted and cultivated at the aquaculture sites near Hiroshima Bay. Recently, there are problems such as depletion of nutrients in the sea, and the period of aquaculture in the sea, which used to be possible in about one year, is now two to three years. Every year, there are a few percent of items that fall off when the hanging cord part is cut. Moreover, it is estimated that 100 to 200 million pieces are currently being washed out and deposited in the vicinity of Hiroshima Bay in the marine conditions of the Seto Inland Sea. A large amount of plastic spacers washed ashore and on the beach, and since the report of the problem of microplastics, it has become a major problem for local fisheries cooperatives in recent years to improve as a cause of major marine environmental pollution.

Focusing on these problems, various efforts are being made by fishermen's cooperatives nationwide, and consideration is being given to changing spacers from plastic PE to various base materials such as wood, bamboo, glass, paper tubes, and biodegradable plastics.・Validation is done. It has been pointed out that wooden products have the risk of being mistakenly eaten by fish when they are washed away, and bamboo products are weak and easy to break because they use relatively young bamboo to ensure a thin size for spacers, and glass products are heavy and expensive. There is a relatively high etc. If the outer surface of the paper tube is not coated with a resin, it will absorb water, soften and fall apart, making it difficult to use for a long time. In recent years, biodegradable plastics have attracted attention and demonstration experiments have been conducted. It has a higher specific gravity than plastic materials and tends to sink in the sea and become sedimentary garbage. In terms of price, it is expensive compared to conventional products, the reusability of the spacer itself is not sufficient, and there are many unsolved or unsolvable problems.

The aquaculture industry is an important industry that delivers safe and secure fish and shellfish to the dining table, and in addition to the spacers used in this project, many other materials such as nets, floats, rafts, and boats are used in the aquaculture industry. There are many plastic materials used, and there are many problems such as deterioration and neglect, such as the influence on fish and shellfish and the marine environment in terms of ocean runoff. In addition, there are many issues to be clarified, such as whether biodegradable plastics as alternative materials and resins after biodegradation pose problems for marine organisms and humans who eat them from a long-term biological point of view. It can be said that there is an urgent need to make efforts to change the base material used, including this, as inexpensively as possible and on the premise of environmental consideration from a long-term perspective, and it is now at the necessary stage.

October 13, 2018 Mainichi Shimbun article "Prevent the outflow of oyster farming pipes" JEAN homepage article http://www.jean.jp/

The problem to be solved is that the plastic spacers that have been used so far are washed away in large quantities due to natural disasters at the fishery site of oyster farming, causing environmental pollution not only in the surrounding area but also in the entire ocean due to the microplastic phenomenon. In response to the current problem, the development of a substitute for the plastic spacer for oyster farming is a challenge. The shape is a pipe with a length of about 20 mm, an outer diameter of 15 mm, and an inner diameter of 10 mm. The aim is to develop spacers for farmed oysters made of new materials that are low in cost and easy to use for fishermen.

A ceramic spacer for farming oysters, which is a cylindrical body made by baking and hardening a mixture of potter's clay and pulverized recycled materials such as roof tiles, bricks, glass, etc.

A cylindrical earthenware spacer for cultured oysters, which is made by adding plastic scraps and wooden chips to the mixture and solidifying it as a main raw material, and having a portion that becomes a space after firing.

A ceramic spacer for cultured oysters, characterized in that curved surfaces are provided on the inner or outer surfaces of both ends of a cylindrical body.

A ceramic spacer for cultured oysters, characterized in that the inner surface of a cylindrical body or a glaze portion is provided on the inner surface.

The earthenware spacer for cultured oysters of the present invention has the greatest purpose of reducing the environmental load that has become a problem with plastic materials. It is baked using soil as a base material, and the base material itself does not have a large adverse effect on marine organisms in the sea. It was invented by paying attention to the fact that it can be said to be a material. The product of the present invention can also use recycled materials such as roof tiles, pottery used for other purposes, and glass materials that are crushed and reused, which is an advantage that leads to the effective use of such waste materials that are generated in large quantities from sites such as earthquake disasters. There is also Furthermore, in order to reduce weight, wood chips and pulverized industrial waste plastic are mixed, and after molding, it is fired at a high temperature to create a large number of spaces within the main body. It can be reused for a long period of time, including conversion, and is expected to be highly effective in terms of economics for aquaculture farmers.

For cultured oysters, seedlings are attached to scallop shells, and spacers are inserted between the scallop shells to create a continuous beaded pattern. They are 2-3m long and are suspended in the sea from rafts for a period of 1 to 3 years. In the meantime, the ceramic cylindrical spacer, which has a general shape, is rubbed against the upper and lower corners and the inner surface of the hollow pottery, with the suspension string of the cultured oyster made of plastic or metal. It has been found in marine experiments that it is easier to cut. Therefore, in the present invention, the inner surface of the upper and lower surfaces of the spacer tubular hollow part is molded with a chamfering mold with a corner cut by 1R or more, and if necessary, the inner surface or the inner and outer surfaces are further coated with glaze. The post-baked structure makes it slippery, making it easier for workers to attach and detach when preparing the aquaculture equipment, and the spacer itself can be used for a long period of time. The inventive ceramic spacer for cultured oysters is characterized.

Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the use of the ceramic spacer for cultured oysters of the present invention, showing the state of cultured oysters in the sea. 1 is a basic configuration (perspective view) of a ceramic spacer for cultured oysters of the present invention (Example 1). 1 is a configuration (sectional view) of a ceramic spacer for cultured oysters of the present invention (Example 2). (a) When curved surfaces are provided on the inner surface of both ends of the cylindrical body (b) When the inner surface of the cylindrical body is provided with glaze parts in (a) 1 is a configuration (cross-sectional view) of a ceramic spacer for cultured oysters of the present invention (Example 3). (c) When curved surfaces are provided on the inner or outer surfaces of both ends of the cylindrical body (d) In the case of (c), when the inner and outer surfaces of the cylindrical body are provided with glaze parts

The content of the ceramic spacer for cultured oysters of the present invention is explained as follows.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the product of the present invention showing the state of cultured oysters in the sea, in which scallops 2 to which seeds and seedlings 4 are attached are alternately connected by a ceramic spacer 1 for cultured oysters, and the intervals between each scallop. is secured and suspended in the sea by the suspension string 3.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the basic configuration of the ceramic spacer 1 for farming oysters of the present invention. The main raw material is a mixture of chips made of wood, and the shape of the normal product is a cylindrical body 11 with dimensions of about 20 mm in length x 15 mm in outer diameter x 10 mm in inner diameter. Fig. 2 is a configuration diagram of a ceramic spacer for cultured oysters, which is formed into a shape having a curved surface portion 13 on the inside thereof, and has many small hollow portions 15 after baking and hardening.

FIG. 3(a) shows a cross-sectional view of a ceramic spacer 1 for cultured oysters in Example 2 of the present invention. The cylindrical body 11 of the present invention has a hollow portion 12 . From the results of this experiment, it was found that the corners of ordinary holed hollow products are sharp, so they are affected by the vibration of waves in the sea and are rubbed and cut. By forming a form having a curved surface portion 13, the end surface is curved for the purpose of making it easier for the hanging string 3 to pass when processing the product to be hung on a raft for aquaculture in a daisy chain. A curved surface portion 13 that has been scraped off is shown. Furthermore, for the purpose of weight reduction, a state is shown in which pulverized plastic products such as wood chips and industrial waste are mixed and carbonized during firing to form a large number of fine hollow portions 15 . FIG. 3(b) shows a structure capable of withstanding long-term use with an inner surface glaze portion 14 in which the inner surface or the inner and outer surfaces are immersed in glaze and baked for the purpose of imparting slipperiness to further increase the effect.

FIG. 4(c) is a cross-sectional view of Example 2 in which the inner and outer surfaces of the earthenware spacer 1 for cultured oysters of the present invention are subjected to sliding processing. The purpose and effect of this (c) are the same as in the case of FIG. , and has a large number of hollow portions 15 inside the main body, thereby promoting the effects of weight reduction and long-term use. In FIG. 4(d), the entire cylinder shown in FIG. Due to its slipperiness, it is easy to install for fishermen and can be reused for a long time.

As described in the attached materials (Non-Patent Document 1) and (Non-Patent Document 2), the problem of plastics dumped and discarded in the ocean is the problem of microplastics to fish, shellfish, marine animals and plants, and the human body from the global environment point of view. Although there is no need to wait in terms of impact, from the viewpoint of the aquaculture industry, workability and base material prices are a matter of life and death, and in that sense, the product of the present invention can be used for a long time, and it is also reusable. There is a wide range of possibilities for industrial applicability in terms of utilization of industrial waste products.

1 Earthenware Spacer for Cultured Oysters 11 Cylinder 12 Cavity 13 Curved Surface 14 Glaze 15 Hollow 2 Scallop Shell 3 Suspension String 4 Seedling

Claims (4)

A ceramic spacer for farming oysters, which is a cylindrical body made by baking and hardening a mixture of potter's clay and pulverized recycled materials such as roof tiles, bricks, glass, etc. 2. The pottery for cultured oysters according to claim 1, wherein chips of wood and plastic waste are further added to the mixed material and solidified as a main raw material, and after baking, the cylindrical body has a shape having a large number of hollow parts in the main body. spacer. 3. The earthenware spacer for cultured oysters according to claim 1, wherein curved surface portions are provided on the inner or outer surfaces of both ends of the cylindrical body. 4. The earthenware spacer for cultured oysters according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical body is provided with a glaze on the inner surface or the inner and outer surfaces thereof.

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