JP2022120392A - Method for installing shelf for fruit tree cultivation and jig for on-site installation used in the method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an installation method that allows a person who is not a highly skilled craftsman to install corner pillars and perimeter pillars at appropriate angles and depths and install a shelf for fruit tree cultivation that is not easily damaged even when strong winds or the like occur.SOLUTION: There is provided an installation method for installing a shelf for fruit tree cultivation, in which a plurality of pillars is installed on the ground, and a plurality of branch support lines is installed with tension in a horizontal direction at a predetermined height. The method comprises: the steps of providing a base plate having a plate section and a pipe section fixed at an angle relative thereto; installing an anchor; forming a hole in the ground for installing the foundation plate; inserting a pipe section of a base plate into a hole formed in the ground, and then inserting corner pillars or perimeter pillars into the pipe section of the base plate installed on the ground to install the corner pillars or perimeter pillars; and tensioning the branch support lines to install a plurality of branch support lines between the corner pillars or perimeter pillars.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a construction method for installing a rack for cultivating fruit trees and a jig for on-site construction used in the method.

Conventionally, several techniques have been proposed for fruit tree cultivation racks.

For example, in Patent Document 1, there is disclosed a shelf for cultivating fruit trees in which a plurality of branch supporting wires arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction are stretched in the row direction of fruit tree cultivation, and the ends of the plurality of branch supporting wires arranged in parallel are arranged. A central attachment, which is engaged with a single wire rod supporting bar and has one end attached to the central portion of this bar, includes the other end portion of the member (excluding flexible wire rods such as wires) and both ends of the bar. A pair of left and right mounting members (excluding flexible wires such as wires) with one end attached to each other and the other end of each member are connected to a locking metal fitting attached to a support. It is

Further, for example, in Patent Document 2, in a shelf for fruit tree cultivation in which wire rods for supporting branches are stretched in a plurality of upper and lower stages along the row direction of fruit tree cultivation, a post for locking the end of the wire rod has a wire length of A stay wire is stretched between the post and an anchor placed below the post to prevent the post from standing up due to the tension of the wire. A new fruit growing shelf is described.

Further, for example, Patent Document 3 discloses means for inputting the interval of the side pillars to be used for the fruit tree trellis to be created, means for inputting the coordinates of each vertex of the field where the fruit tree trellis is to be created, and means for obtaining the positions of the side pillars to be provided around the fruit tree trellis based on the input side pillar spacing and vertex coordinates between adjacent vertices; and outputting the obtained side pillar positions on a drawing. A trellis design apparatus comprising means is described.

In addition, Patent Document 4 discloses a method of trimming trees characterized by connecting trees by grafting the tip of a main branch of a tree and the base of a main branch of an adjacent tree, or grafting a lateral branch between adjacent trees. is described.

Furthermore, Patent Document 5 discloses a fruit tree cultivation shelf used for cultivating fruit trees by the tree body joint tailoring method, which is used for cultivating pears, plums, persimmons, plums, apples, or peaches. , a rod-shaped reinforcing material, and three wire rods, which are planted in rows at predetermined row intervals and at predetermined intervals, and are jointed in the row direction. pillars are installed, the rod-shaped reinforcing members are arranged at a predetermined height H in the row direction, the pillars and the rod-shaped reinforcing members installed in each column are connected, and the intersection of each pillar with the rod-shaped reinforcing members is provided. In each row, a wire rod α is arranged in the row direction so as to pass through a point of length X along the support from C to the ground direction, the main branch of the tree is supported by the wire rod α, and from the intersection point C to the above A wire rod β1 and a wire rod β2 are arranged in the row direction in each row so as to pass through each of two points of length Y in the row direction along the rod-like reinforcing member, and the tree is formed by the wire rod β1 and the wire rod β2. A fruit growing shelf is described that supports the lateral branches of the tree and has a ratio of length Y to length X (Y/X) of 1.0 to 2.0.

JP-A-58-89117 JP-A-58-89118 JP-A-61-128375 JP 2005-304495 A JP 2011-62094 A

Conventionally, when installing a shelf for cultivating fruit trees, the angle and depth of the corner posts and peripheral posts were determined by the craftsman's sense. For this reason, the balance and tension of the wires that are tensed by each craftsman differ, and if the craftsman's level of skill is insufficient, they may become inappropriate, and strong winds may deform the installed fruit tree racks. .

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems. That is, the object of the present invention is to enable even non-skilled craftsmen to install the corner posts and peripheral posts at appropriate angles and depths, and to provide a fruit tree cultivation system that is difficult to deform even when strong winds occur. To provide a construction method for installing a rack for cultivating fruit trees and a jig for on-site construction used in the method.

The present inventor has made intensive studies to solve the above problems, and completed the present invention.
The present invention is the following (1) to (2).
(1) A method for installing a fruit tree cultivating shelf in which a plurality of pillars are installed on the ground, and a plurality of branch support lines are horizontally tensioned at a predetermined height using these pillars,
a preparation step of preparing a base plate having a plate portion and a pipe portion passing through the plate portion and fixed at a predetermined angle with respect to the plate portion;
An anchor installation step of installing an anchor at a predetermined position on the ground;
an excavation step of forming a hole with a predetermined diameter and depth in the ground for installing the base plate;
The pipe portion of the base plate is inserted into the hole formed in the ground by the excavation step, and is installed so that the main surface of the plate portion is in contact with the surface of the ground, and then installed on the ground. a pillar installation step of inserting a corner pillar or a surrounding pillar into the pipe portion of the base plate to install the corner pillar or the surrounding pillar;
a branch support wire installation step of tensing the branch support wire fixed to the anchor to install a plurality of branch support wires between the corner posts or the peripheral posts;
A method for installing a shelf for fruit tree cultivation.
(2) A field construction jig for the engine auger, which is used when drilling a hole in the ground using the engine auger in the excavation step of the installation construction method for the rack for fruit tree cultivation according to (1) above. ,
a notch mechanism capable of adjusting the drilling angle of the engine auger with respect to the ground;
a slide mechanism capable of pushing the drill into the ground while maintaining the drilling angle;
A jig for on-site construction.

According to the present invention, even an unskilled craftsman can install the corner pillars and the surrounding pillars at appropriate angles and depths. It is possible to provide a method for installing a fruit tree cultivation shelf that can be installed and a jig for on-site construction used in the method.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing a preferred example of a base plate; FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which an engine auger is set in a preferred embodiment of the jig of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which a pipe portion of a base plate is inserted into a hole formed in the ground by an excavation process, and the main surface of the plate portion is in contact with the surface of the ground. It is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the corner post is installed by inserting the corner post into the pipe portion of the foundation plate installed on the ground. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the branch support wire fixed to the anchor is stretched through the corner post. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a shelf for fruit tree cultivation installed by the installation construction method of the present invention; FIG.

The present invention will be described.
The present invention is a method for installing a fruit tree cultivating shelf in which a plurality of pillars are installed on the ground and a plurality of branch support lines are horizontally stretched at a predetermined height using these pillars. A preparation step of preparing a base plate having a pipe portion penetrating the portion and the plate portion and fixed at a predetermined angle with respect to the plate portion, and an anchor installation step of installing an anchor at a predetermined position on the ground an excavation step of forming a hole with a predetermined diameter and depth in the ground for installing the base plate; and inserting the pipe portion of the base plate into the hole formed in the ground by the excavation step. After inserting and installing the plate portion so that the main surface of the plate portion is in contact with the surface of the ground, a corner post or a peripheral post is inserted into the pipe portion of the base plate installed on the ground, and the A pillar installation step of installing the corner pillars or the peripheral pillars, and a branch for installing a plurality of branch supporting wires between the corner pillars or the peripheral pillars by tightening the branch supporting wires fixed to the anchors. and a supporting wire installation step.
Such an installation construction method for a shelf for fruit tree cultivation is hereinafter also referred to as an "installation construction method of the present invention".

The present invention also provides a field construction jig for the engine auger, which is used when drilling a hole in the ground using the engine auger in the excavation step of the installation construction method of the present invention, which is a drill for the engine auger. and a slide mechanism capable of pushing the drill into the ground while maintaining the drilling angle.
Such a jig for on-site construction is hereinafter also referred to as "the jig of the present invention".

The shelf for cultivating fruit trees installed by the installation method of the present invention is used for cultivating pears, plums, persimmons, plums, apples, peaches, and the like. The branches of these trees growing on the ground are supported by branch support wires that are tensioned to a predetermined height using a plurality of posts.
The branch support lines are preferably arranged in a mesh pattern when viewed from above.

<Preparation process>
A preparatory step in the installation construction method of the present invention will be described.
In the preparation process of the installation method of the present invention, a base plate having a plate portion and a pipe portion is prepared.

The base plate will be explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a preferred example of a base plate.
A base plate 10 shown in FIG. 1 has a plate portion 12 and a pipe portion 14 .

Both the plate portion 12 and the pipe portion 14 are preferably made of metal. The plate portion 12 is preferably made of steel plate, and the pipe portion 14 is preferably made of steel.

The pipe portion 14 and the plate portion 12 can be fixed by welding or the like.

The plate portion 12 may be, for example, a square with a side of 200 mm to 400 mm, more preferably 300 mm to 400 mm, and a thickness of about 1.6 mm to 4.0 mm, with a thickness of 3.2 mm to 4.0 mm. About 0 mm is more preferable.

The plate portion 12 is installed so as to be in contact with (preferably surface contact with) the surface of the ground (earth surface). Further, since it is preferable to be fixed to the surface of the ground, it is preferable to provide needles 13 (spikes) that stick into the ground at the four corners of the plate portion 12 as in the preferred embodiment shown in FIG.

The pipe section 14 will later have corner posts or peripheral posts inserted therein. Therefore, its cross-sectional shape is preferably similar to the cross-sectional shape of the corner post or surrounding post into which it is inserted, and its inner circumference is slightly larger than the outer circumference of the corner post or surrounding post.
Since the cross-sectional shape of the corner post or peripheral post is preferably circular or square, the cross-sectional shape of the pipe portion 14 is also preferably circular or square.
The size of the cross section of the pipe portion 14 is determined by the size of the fruit tree cultivation rack, the type of fruit tree, and the like.
If the cross section of the pipe portion 14 is circular and the diameter of the corner post or peripheral post inserted therein is 48.6 mm, the diameter is more preferably 54.0 mm. In addition, it is preferable that the thickness of the pipe portion 14 is about 2.3 mm.

The pipe portion 14 passes through the center of the plate portion 12 and is fixed at a predetermined angle θ with respect to the plate portion 12 .
The angle θ of the pipe section 14 with respect to the plate section 12 is determined by various factors. determined, for example, by the tensile stress of the branch support wire.
For example, when the branch support line is arranged at a height of 1800 to 2000 mm from the ground surface (in the case of the lower shelf), the angle θ of the pipe portion 14 with respect to the plate portion 12 is 42 to 53 degrees if a corner post is inserted. It is preferable that the angle is 45 to 57 degrees if a peripheral column is inserted.
For example, when the branch support line is arranged at a height of 2500 to 4000 mm from the ground surface (in the case of the upper shelf), the angle θ of the pipe portion 14 with respect to the plate portion 12 is 45 to 63 degrees if a corner post is inserted. It is preferable to set the angle to 55 to 73 degrees if a peripheral column is inserted.

_The longitudinal length X1 of the portion of the pipe portion 14 exposed to the _ground surface and the longitudinal length X2 of the portion buried in the ground are determined by various factors.
The longitudinal length X ₁ of the portion of the pipe portion 14 exposed to the ground surface and the longitudinal length X ₂ of the portion buried in the ground are both preferably 100 to 400 mm, more preferably 200 to 300 mm. preferable.

The pipe portion 14 in the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1 has holes 15 for pinning in the portion exposed to the ground surface. A similar hole is formed in the corner post or the peripheral post to be inserted into the pipe portion 14, and after inserting this into the pipe portion 14, the corner post or the peripheral post is formed by aligning with the hole 15 from the outside of the pipe portion 14. If a pin is also inserted into the drilled hole, it is easy to fix the corner post or peripheral post in a state of being inserted to the desired depth.

<Anchor installation process>
An anchor installation step in the installation construction method of the present invention will be described.
In the installation method of the present invention, in the anchor installation step, an anchor is installed at a predetermined position on the ground.

Secure the end of the branch support wire to the anchor. Anchors serve to horizontally tension a branch support line and then maintain this tension.

Anchors are typically placed in the ground outside the corner posts or perimeter posts in the orchard trellis. Its depth is determined by various factors. For example, it is determined by the width of the fruit tree cultivation shelf, the type of fruit tree, the tension stress of the branch support wire, and the like.
The depth at which the anchor is installed in the ground may be, for example, about 1 to 2 m.

The type and size of the anchor are not particularly limited. For example, conventionally known anchors can be used.

<Excavation process>
The excavation step in the installation construction method of the present invention will be described.
In the excavation step in the installation method of the present invention, a hole for installing the base plate 10 is formed in the ground with a predetermined diameter and depth.

The diameter of the hole is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the pipe portion 14 of the base plate 10 .
The depth of the hole depends on the longitudinal length (embedded length D) of the underground portion of the corner post or peripheral post to be inserted into the pipe portion 14 . The installation depth (embedment length D) of the corner post or perimeter post into the ground is determined by various factors. For example, it is determined by the width of the fruit tree cultivation shelf, the type of fruit tree, the tension stress of the branch support wire, and the like. Therefore, the depth (embedded length D) of the hole formed in the ground in the excavation process may be approximately the same as the longitudinal length X ₂ of the portion of the pipe portion 14 of the base plate 10 that is buried in the ground. It is good as above.
The penetration depth D is preferably 500 to 1500 mm, more preferably 1000 to 1500 mm.
Furthermore, the formation angle of the hole in the ground is the same as the angle θ of the pipe portion 14 with respect to the plate portion 12 of the base plate 10 . In this case, when the pipe portion 14 of the base plate 10 is inserted into the formed hole, the plate portion 12 is likely to come into surface contact with the ground surface.

When forming a hole in the ground for installing the base plate 10, it is preferable to use a conventionally known engine auger. By setting the engine auger to a jig (the jig of the present invention) as shown in FIG.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which the engine auger 1 is set in a preferred embodiment of the jig 20 of the present invention.
The jig 20 of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 can be constructed by combining metal pipes. Therefore, it is relatively lightweight.

The jig 20 of the present invention has a notch feature 22 . The notch mechanism 22 can adjust the drilling angle ω with respect to the ground by the drill 3 of the engine auger 1 .
The notch mechanism 22 preferably has a gear function when slid up and down, and preferably has a structure in which a stopper works at a desired angle so that angle drilling can be performed easily and accurately.

Also, the jig 20 of the present invention has a slide mechanism 24 . The slide mechanism 24 makes it possible to push the drill 3 into the ground while maintaining the drilling angle ω.
The slide mechanism 24 is in the form of a slidable guide rail, and when the engine auger 1 is installed, a hole can be drilled at an angle predetermined by the notch mechanism 22 with the drill 3 to a depth where the pipe 14 is buried in the ground. is preferably

Moreover, it is preferable that the jig 20 of the present invention has a reference scale 26 near the tip of the drill 3 . This reference scale 26 can be used to confirm the angle between the hole to be formed and another hole (or pillar).

<Pillar installation process>
The pillar installation process in the installation construction method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 3 shows a state in which the pipe portion 14 of the base plate 10 is inserted into the hole 32 formed in the ground 30 by the excavation process, and the main surface of the plate portion 12 is in contact with the surface of the ground (earth surface). It is a schematic sectional view.

After the base plate 10 is installed as shown in FIG. 3, the corner post 35 or the peripheral post is inserted into the pipe portion 14 as shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the corner post 35 is inserted into the pipe portion 14 of the base plate 10 installed on the ground 30 and the corner post 35 is installed.

<Branch support wire installation process>
The branch support wire installation process in the installation construction method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the branch support wire 42 fixed to the anchor 40 is stretched through the corner post 35. As shown in FIG. 5, one end of the corner post 35 is inserted into the pipe portion 14 of the base plate 10. As shown in FIG.

In the branch support wire installation step in the installation method of the present invention, as shown in FIG. A support wire 42 is installed.

A wire, a wire, or the like can be used as the branch support line 42 .

With such an installation construction method of the present invention, for example, a shelf for cultivating fruit trees as shown in FIG. 6 can be installed.
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a shelf for fruit tree cultivation installed by the installation construction method of the present invention.
In FIG. 6, the fruit tree cultivating shelf 50 has corner posts 35 inserted into the base plate 10 installed on the ground on its outer peripheral side, and a plurality of pillars 39 supporting the branch support wires 42 on its inner side. there is By using these, a plurality of branch support wires 42 are horizontally stretched and installed at a predetermined height. Moreover, the branch support wire 42 is formed in a mesh shape.

Here, a material such as the base plate 10 may be used when installing the pillar 39 on the ground. However, unlike the corner pillars 35 and the peripheral pillars 37, the pillars 39 are not inclined. The pillar 39 is installed in the vertical direction. Therefore, the base plate 10 in which the angle θ of the pipe portion 14 with respect to the plate portion 12 is 90 degrees may be used.

1 engine auger 3 drill 10 foundation plate 10
12 plate part 13 needle (spike)
14 Pipe Part 15 Hole 20 Jig of the Present Invention 22 Notch Mechanism 24 Slide Mechanism 26 Reference Scale 30 Ground 32 Hole 35 Corner Post 37 Surrounding Post 39 Tsuka Post 40 Anchor 42 Branch Support Line 50 Shelf for Fruit Tree Cultivation

Claims (2)

A method for installing a fruit tree cultivating shelf in which a plurality of pillars are installed on the ground and a plurality of branch support lines are horizontally stretched at a predetermined height using these pillars, the method comprising:
a preparation step of preparing a base plate having a plate portion and a pipe portion passing through the plate portion and fixed at a predetermined angle with respect to the plate portion;
An anchor installation step of installing an anchor at a predetermined position on the ground;
an excavation step of forming a hole with a predetermined diameter and depth in the ground for installing the base plate;
The pipe portion of the base plate is inserted into the hole formed in the ground by the excavation step, and is installed so that the main surface of the plate portion is in contact with the surface of the ground, and then installed on the ground. a pillar installation step of inserting a corner pillar or a surrounding pillar into the pipe portion of the base plate to install the corner pillar or the surrounding pillar;
a branch support wire installation step of tensing the branch support wire fixed to the anchor to install a plurality of branch support wires between the corner posts or the peripheral posts;
A method for installing a shelf for fruit tree cultivation. A field construction jig for the engine auger, which is used when drilling a hole in the ground using the engine auger in the excavation step of the installation construction method for the rack for fruit tree cultivation according to claim 1,
a notch mechanism capable of adjusting the drilling angle of the engine auger with respect to the ground;
a slide mechanism capable of pushing the drill into the ground while maintaining the drilling angle;
A jig for on-site construction.

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