JP2022114225A - cutting device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a cutting device for cutting upper and lower ends of a structure supported at both ends such as a column of a building.SOLUTION: A cutting device has a substantially U-shaped frame 100 constituted in a plan view, which can be arranged so as to sandwich a column to be cut. A movable cutting part 200 is mounted on the frame 100. The frame 100 and the cutting part 200 are connected by rails and bearings corresponding to suspension. In the cutting part 200, a driving mechanism 250 for driving an endless band blade 251 is supported by the supporting part 210 so as to be inclined with respect to the frame 100. Each structure of the cutting device is constituted so that it can be operated even when it is turned upside down. By using the cutting device having such a structure, it is possible to cut an upper end of the column by vertically inverting the cutting device after cutting a lower end of the column.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a cutting device for cutting double-end supported structures.

As a method for dismantling a multi-layered structure, Patent Document 1 proposes a method in which jacks are installed around the pillars of the lower floors, the pillars are cut off, and the dismantling proceeds sequentially from the lower floors.

Japanese Patent No. 5645548

However, Patent Document 1 does not specifically disclose a method for cutting the column. Also, there is no known device suitable for cutting posts. Such a problem is not limited to columns, but is common when cutting structures whose both ends are supported, such as building beams, brace scaffolding posts, beams, and braces.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a cutting device for cutting a structure whose both ends are supported.

The present invention
A cutting device for cutting a structure supported at both ends, comprising:
a substantially U-shaped mount in a plan view that can be installed so as to sandwich the structure;
Rails for suspension installed parallel to both U-shaped straight extension portions of the mount,
a cutting portion movably mounted along said rail and having a cutting blade powered to cut said structure;
The cutting unit is configured to be able to move and cut along the rail even if the entire cutting device is inverted 180 degrees, and the cutting device is attached to the rail by bearings for suspension. can be configured as

Structural bodies in the present invention include pillars, beams, braces, etc. of buildings and scaffoldings. According to the present invention, when the pedestals are installed so that the structure to be cut is sandwiched between the directly extending portions, one end of the structure can be cut by moving the cutting portion on the rails. Further, the other end can be cut by operating the cutting device while reversing it by 180 degrees. For example, when cutting a pillar of a building, the top and bottom ends of the pillar can be cut while the cutting part is moving on the pedestal or turned upside down so that the cutting part is suspended on the pedestal. become. When cutting the beam, the left and right ends of the beam are cut in a state in which the cutting part moves to the right side of the frame, and in a state in which the cutting part moves to the left side of the frame after turning over 180 degrees. In the case of a diagonally supported structure such as a brace, the structure may be flipped 180 degrees at an appropriate angle.
A cutting device for cutting a pillar of a building generally requires a large amount of power, so the entire size of the cutting device is large. Therefore, even if the height of the cutting device is adjusted after cutting one end of a column of a building, the cutting device itself becomes an obstacle and often the other end cannot be cut. On the other hand, in the present invention, since it can be operated by turning it upside down, it is possible to cut the top and bottom ends of the column without any trouble. The same is true for other structures.

In the cutting device of the present invention,
The cutting blade is an endless band blade,
The cutting section may be configured such that the conveying path of the cutting blade is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the surface of the base on which the rails are installed.

In the case of an endless band blade, when it is conveyed by the pulley, the blade faces the same direction as the rotation axis of the pulley. There is If the twist angle is large, an excessive load is applied to the endless band blade.
In contrast, in the present invention, since the conveying path is configured to have an inclination with respect to the surface on which the rails are installed, it is possible to suppress the angle of twist at the cutting portion, and the endless band blade is applied. load can be reduced.
The angle of inclination can be arbitrarily determined in consideration of the load applied to the endless band blade, but is preferably 30 degrees or more, for example.

In the cutting device of the present invention,
The cutting blade is attached so that the portion that contacts the structure is linear,
The cutting portion may be arranged such that the linear portion of the cutting blade crosses the rail obliquely rather than perpendicularly to the rail.

Building pillars and other structures are not limited to cylindrical ones, and there are quite a few prismatic ones. If the portion of the cutting blade that contacts the structure is linear, the cutting blade may come into contact with the entire width of the outer peripheral surface of the prismatic structure, and a large load may be applied to the cutting blade. can occur.
According to an aspect of the invention, the cutting blades are arranged obliquely across the rail. Therefore, even in the case of a prism-shaped structure, the cutting blades obliquely hit against the outer peripheral surface of the structure, and excessive load on the cutting blades can be avoided.
In the above aspect, the cutting portion itself may be configured such that the cutting blade satisfies the above conditions. Moreover, it may be realized by placing the cutting part so as to have a yaw angle with respect to the rail. Further, the cutting blade is not necessarily limited to an endless band blade, and may be, for example, a linear blade that reciprocates.

In the cutting device of the present invention,
The cutting blade is an endless band blade,
Another pulley for determining the conveying path of the cutting blade may be arranged so that the cutting blade is in contact with the outer circumference of the drive pulley for driving the cutting blade over 90 degrees or more.

According to the above aspect, since the cutting blade contacts the driving pulley over 90 degrees or more, there is an advantage that the driving force can be efficiently transmitted to the cutting blade.
A configuration that realizes the above aspect can be realized, for example, by arranging pulleys positioned in front of and behind the driving pulley in the conveying path.

In the cutting device of the present invention,
The cutting blade is an endless band blade,
A part or all of the pulleys that determine the conveying path of the cutting blade may have a mechanism for adjusting the height and inclination thereof.

The conveying path of the endless band blade must be configured within a plane. If the height or inclination of the pulleys is uneven, the conveying path is not configured in a plane, and the endless strip blade can fall off the pulleys.
According to the above aspect, since a part or all of the pulleys are provided with a mechanism for adjusting the height and inclination, the conveying path can be configured in a plane, and the endless band blade can be prevented from falling off. be able to.

In the cutting device of the present invention,
The cutting part is
A mounting hole provided with a play so that the mounting position can be adjusted in a direction intersecting the rail for fastening the bearing,
A fixing mechanism may be provided that presses the bearing from both sides in the crossing direction to fix the position in the crossing direction.

In order to move the cutting part smoothly on the rail, it is necessary to adjust the position of the bearing. On the other hand, in a situation where the cutting device is overturned, such as in the process of reversing the cutting device 180 degrees, the bearing will be loaded laterally, i.e., transversely to the rail. For this purpose, the bearing must be firmly fixed.
According to the above aspect, since the mounting position can be adjusted and the position in the direction intersecting the rail can be fixed by the fixing mechanism, the above two requirements can be satisfied.

In the cutting device of the present invention,
Part or all of the parts fastened using bolts,
The opening of the hole through which the fastening bolt penetrates is tapered and chamfered.
The bolt may be fastened through a washer having a tapered convex portion corresponding to the chamfer.

In order to turn it upside down, it is necessary to firmly fasten each member of the cutting device. However, there is slight misalignment or play in the positions of the holes, and it is not always possible to firmly fasten them.
According to the above aspect, the bolt can be fixed by fitting the tapered convex portion of the washer into the tapered surface, so that the member can be firmly fastened without the influence of the displacement of the hole and the play. can be done.

The present invention does not necessarily have all of the features described above, and may be configured by omitting or combining some of them as appropriate.

It is an explanatory view showing the whole cutting device structure. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of cutting by a cutting device; Fig. 2 is a side view of the cutting device; It is a top view of a cutting device. It is a front view of a cutting device. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of a cutting section; It is an explanatory view showing a drive mechanism of a cutting part. It is an explanatory view showing a pulley adjustment mechanism. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of a mounting portion of a bearing; It is an explanatory view showing the structure of a washer.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on an example as an apparatus for cutting a column of a building.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the overall structure of the cutting device. A photograph of the cutting device 10 taken obliquely from the rear is attached with the reference numerals of the main parts. The cutting device 10 is a device that cuts a column with an endless band blade 251 while a cutting part 200 advances on a mount 100 in the direction of the arrow in the figure.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of cutting by the cutting device. FIG. 2(a) shows a state in which the upper end of the column is cut, and FIG. 2(b) shows a state in which the lower end of the column is cut.
The cutting device 10 of the embodiment includes a base 100 and a cutting section 200 that moves thereon. In the cutting section 200 , a drive mechanism 250 that drives an endless band blade 251 is supported by a support section 210 in an inclined state with respect to the base 100 .

A mount 100 of the cutting device 10 has a substantially U shape in plan view. As shown in FIG. 2(a), the frame 100 is fixed to a fork and arranged so that the pillar to be cut is sandwiched between the U-shaped portions. In this state, by moving the cutting part 200 in the direction of the arrow while driving the endless band blade 251, the upper part of the column can be cut as indicated by the dashed line.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2(b), the fork is turned upside down to support the cutting device 10 upside down. Then, the pillars are arranged so as to be sandwiched between the U-shaped portions of the pedestal 100 . In this state, by moving the cutting part 200 in the direction of the arrow while driving the endless band blade 251, the lower part of the column can be cut as indicated by the dashed line.

The top and bottom of the pillar can be cut from either side. Moreover, after cutting one end, it is preferable to drive a wedge into the cut portion to fix the column, and then cut the other end.
FIG. 2 shows an example in which a forklift is used to support the cutting device 10, but the cutting device 10 may be supported by using not only a forklift but also an excavator or other heavy machinery. It may be supported using a dedicated trolley, support base, or the like.
As described above, the cutting device 10 of the present embodiment is configured to be operable even if it is turned upside down, so there is an advantage that the cutting device 10 does not get in the way and the top and bottom ends of the column can be cut. be.
The structure of the cutting device 10 will be described below.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the cutting device; In the gantry 100, a rail 120 is installed on the upper surface of a main body 110 made of iron over almost the entire length. The dimensions can be arbitrarily designed, but in this embodiment, the total length (the length in the left-right direction in the drawing) is about 4 m.
The body 110 is cut into a rectangular shape as shown to reduce weight. The rail 120 is for the cutting part 200 to move over. Since the cutting apparatus of this embodiment can be used even in an upside down state as described with reference to FIG.

The cutting section 200 has a structure in which the drive mechanisms 250R and 250L are inclined and supported by the support sections 210R and 210L. The reason why there are two supporting parts and two driving mechanisms is that the pedestal 100 has a U-shape in a plan view, and there are two straight-extending parts of the main body 110 .
The inclination angle a1 of the drive mechanisms 250R and 250L can be determined arbitrarily. In this embodiment, it is 30 degrees. The reason why the inclination is provided in this manner will be described later.

A plurality of bearings 220 that engage with the rail 120 are attached to the lower surface of the cutting portion 200 . Due to the action of the bearings 220, the cutting part 200 can move back and forth on the rails 120 in the directions of arrows F and vice versa.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the cutting device. The pedestal 100 has a substantially U-shape (in the example shown in the figure, it is an inverted U-shape) in a plan view by the main bodies 110R and 110L extending straight on the left and right sides and the main body 110C connecting the two. In the drawing, the main body 110C is hatched so that it can be easily distinguished from the cutting section 200. As shown in FIG. The main body 110C is partially cut out into rectangular strips for weight reduction.
The dimensions of the bodies 110R, 110L, and 110C can be arbitrarily designed according to the size of the pillars to be cut (indicated by cross-hatching in the drawing). As shown in the figure, it is preferable to set the dimensions so that the pillar can be sandwiched with some margin. If the distance between the main bodies 110R and 110L is narrow, the pillar cannot be sandwiched between them. Also, if the gap between the main bodies 110R and 110L is too wide, the endless band blade 251 stretched between them hangs down, making it difficult to cut well.
Rails 120R and 120L are installed in parallel on the left and right main bodies 110R and 110L. The cutting part 200 can move on the rails 120R and 120L.

The driving mechanism 250 of the cutting section 200 has a substantially U-shape (an inverted U-shape in the example of the figure) in a plan view by the driving mechanisms 250R and 250L extending straight to the left and right and the driving mechanism 250C connecting the two. None. Drive mechanisms 250R and 250L move on rails 120R and 120L, respectively.
A pulley is provided in the drive mechanism as indicated by the dashed line in the drawing, and the endless band blade 251 is conveyed. The endless band blade 251 is exposed between the drive mechanisms 250R and 250L in a straight state stretched by hearing, and can cut the column.

In the embodiment, the drive mechanism 250 is installed with a yaw angle a2 with respect to the rails 120R and 120L. As a result, when the main bodies 110R and 110L are arranged parallel to the side surface of the column, the endless band blade 251 comes into contact with the surface of the column obliquely, and excessive load is applied to the endless band blade 251 during cutting. can be avoided.
The size of the yaw angle a2 can be arbitrarily designed in consideration of the load applied to the endless band blade 251.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the cutting device. As explained in FIGS. 3 and 3, the pedestal is composed of main bodies 110R, 110L and 110C, and rails 120R and 120L are installed on the main bodies 110R and 110L. Further, insertion portions 111R and 111L for inserting and fixing the forks of a forklift are provided on the lower sides of the main bodies 110R and 110L.

In the cutting section, drive mechanisms 250R, 250L and 250C are supported by support sections 210R and 210L. At the tips of the drive mechanisms 250R and 250L, the endless band blade 251 is exposed in a linearly stretched state by tension.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the cutting section. A front view is shown in FIG. 6(a), and a side view is shown in FIG. 6(b).
The endless band blade 251 is conveyed along a conveying path formed by drive pulleys 260, 262, tension pulleys 264, and 266 mounted inside the drive mechanisms 250R, 250L, and 250C of the cutting section. A motor 270 is attached to the drive pulley 260 as shown in FIG. 6(b). By rotating the drive pulley 260 with the power of the motor 270, the endless band blade 251 can be driven.
The tension pulleys 264 can be positioned so as to apply sufficient tension to the endless blade 251 so that it does not fall off these pulleys.

The endless band blade 251 is conveyed along the outer peripheral surface of the pulley with the blade facing downward, but the portion exposed to the outside between the drive mechanisms 250R and 250L is twisted by the guide 268. , horizontally oriented. This will allow the blade to face forward and cut the post. If the driving mechanism were to be installed horizontally, the guide 268 would have to twist the blade 90 degrees from the vertically downward direction to the horizontal direction, which would apply a large load to the endless band blade 251. On the other hand, in this embodiment, since the drive mechanism is installed at an angle of 30 degrees, it is sufficient to twist the endless band blade 251 by 60 degrees to make it horizontal. By slantingly installing the drive mechanism in this manner, the twist angle of the endless band blade 251 can be kept small, and the load can be reduced.
The inclination angle of the drive mechanism is not limited to 30 degrees, and various settings are possible.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the drive mechanism of the cutting section. The state seen in the direction of arrow V in FIG. 6(b) is shown.
As explained in FIG. 6, the drive mechanism is provided with a drive pulley 260, a pulley 262, a tension pulley 264, and a pulley 266. As shown in FIG. The endless band blade 251 is conveyed in the directions of arrows d1 to d4. The tension pulley 264 can adjust its position in the arrow T direction. The effects of this are as follows. First, an appropriate tension can be applied so that the endless band blade 251 does not drop off from the pulley and the drive pulley 260 does not slip. Moreover, since the endless band blade 251 is not always constant, the tension can be adjusted according to the variation of the length. At the same time, by suppressing the deflection of the portion of the endless band blade 251 that contacts the column, it is possible to improve the accuracy of cutting.
The tension pulley 264 may be pre-adjusted and fixed, or may be pressurized or energized so that the appropriate tension is applied during operation.

The angle a3 formed by the conveying directions d1 and d2 from the pulley 266 to the pulley 262 via the drive pulley 260 is an acute angle. In other words, the pulleys 266 and 260 are arranged so that the angle a3 between the line segment connecting the centers of the pulleys 266 and 260 and the line segment connecting the centers of the drive pulley 260 and the pulley 262 is an acute angle. By doing so, the endless band blade 251 is conveyed over 90 degrees or more on the outer peripheral surface of the driving pulley 260, and can receive the driving force efficiently. The angle a3 can be arbitrarily designed while considering the transmission of driving force.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a pulley adjusting mechanism. Since the conveying path of the endless band blade 251 is determined by the four pulleys shown in FIG. 7, it is necessary that these pulleys are positioned on the same plane and that their rotation axes are aligned with the normal line of the plane. . This is because the endless band blade 251 may drop off from the pulley if the pulleys are not on the same plane or if their rotation axes are tilted.

In order to realize such an arrangement, the pulley of this embodiment has a mechanism capable of adjusting its height and inclination. As shown in FIG. 8, the pulley 264 is attached to a rotating shaft 264a via bearings. The rotating shaft 264a has a male screw, and the pedestal 264b has a female screw. The amount of threading is fixed with a lock nut 264e so that the height of the pulley 264 does not fluctuate during operation. The pedestal 264b is fixed with bolts 264d and 264c. The inclination of the pulley 264 can be adjusted as indicated by the arrow R by changing the degree of tightening of the bolt 264d.
Although pulley 264 is illustrated in FIG. 8, other pulleys can be provided with similar adjustment mechanisms. However, not all pulleys need to be provided with the adjustment mechanism, and some of them may be provided with the adjustment mechanism. Further, the height and tilt adjustment mechanism is not limited to the mechanism shown in FIG. 8, and various configurations can be applied.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the mounting portion of the bearing. The structure of the bearing 220 attached to the lower surface of the support 210 of the cutting part is shown.
As already explained, rails 120 are mounted on the main body 110 of the cradle. A bolt 121 secures the rail 120 . Since rails 120 and bearings 220 are used for suspension, they have a cross-sectional shape that does not fall off even when turned upside down as shown in the figure. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, the direction crossing the rails 120 will be called the x direction, and the upward direction will be called the z direction.

Bearing 220 is fixed to the lower surface of support portion 210 by bolts 221 . The hole through which the bolt 221 penetrates is provided with a slight play, which allows the position of the bearing 220 in the x direction to be adjusted. By doing so, it is possible to adjust the positions of the plurality of bearings 220 so that the cutting portion can smoothly move on the rails 120 .

Assuming that the rail 120 is used only with the cut portion placed on the rail 120 as shown in FIG. . However, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b), since the top and bottom ends of the column are cut, it is necessary to turn the cutting device upside down on the way. In this reversing process, the cutting device is overturned, so it is necessary to attach the cutting part so that it does not drop off from the rail 120 even in such a overturning state. FIG. 9 shows the structure for that.

As shown, pressing blocks 230 are attached to both sides of the bearing 220 by bolts. The through hole of the bolt 231 also has some play, and the pressing block 230 can move in the x direction. Holding blocks 215 for holding bolts are provided on both outer sides of the pressing block 230 and are temporarily fixed to the lower surface of the support portion 210 by bolts 216 and then welded. is firmly fixed so as not to move in the x direction.
A pressing bolt 217 is attached to the holding block 215 , and by tightening the pressing bolt 217 , the pressing block 230 can be pushed toward the bearing 220 .
With such a structure, the position of the bearing 220 can be adjusted in the x direction, and after adjustment, it can be firmly fixed by the pressing bolt 217 so as not to move in the x direction. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the bearings 220 from shifting in the x-direction and falling off the rails 120 even when the cutting device is turned over during the upside-down process.
In the structure shown in FIG. 9, the pressing block 230 is provided to reliably apply pressing force to both ends of the bearing 220, and presses the pressing bolt 217 to both ends of the bearing 220. The pressing block 230 may be omitted as long as it is installed in a position such that it does.

Since the cutting device of the embodiment is used upside down, loads can be applied to each part from various directions including the inversion process. Therefore, it is desirable that each portion be firmly fastened so that the fastening state of each portion does not deviate due to such a load. Therefore, the cutting device of the embodiment uses a fastening mechanism using a washer as described below.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the structure of the washer. The state where the member 1 and the member 2 are fastened with a bolt is shown. In this embodiment, the opening of the screw hole formed in the member 1 is tapered as shown.
A side view of a washer used for fastening is shown on the right side of the figure (broken lines representing holes formed inside etc. are omitted). The washer has an annular portion with a central through hole and a tapered convex portion with a central through hole.
When tightening, tighten the bolt with the tapered convex portion facing downward. By doing so, the tapered projection fits into the tapered surface of the screw hole, so that the members 1 and 2 can be firmly fastened even when there is misalignment or play in the screw hole.
It should be noted that the structure of FIG. 10 does not necessarily have to be applied to all fastening portions, and may be applied to only some of the fastening portions.

According to the cutting device of the embodiment described above, the cutting device can be turned upside down to operate, so that the endless band blade 251 can be used to cut the top and bottom ends of the column without any trouble.
The various features described in the embodiments do not necessarily have all of them, and some of them may be omitted or combined as appropriate.
Moreover, the present invention is not limited to the various structures shown in the embodiments, and various modifications can be made without changing the spirit of the present invention. In the embodiment, an example of cutting the top and bottom of a building pillar was shown, but the present invention is configured as a device for cutting various structures such as beams and braces of buildings and scaffolds supported at both ends. can also

The present invention can be used to cut structures that are supported at both ends.

10 cutting device 100 pedestal 110, 110R, 110L, 110C main body 111R, 111L insertion portion 120, 120R, 120L rail 121 bolt 200 cutting portion 210, 210R, 210L support portion 215 holding block 216 bolt 217 pressing bolt 220 bearing 221 bolt 230 pressing block 231 bolts 250, 250C, 250R, 250L drive mechanism 251 endless band blade 260 drive pulley 262 pulley 262a rotating shaft 262b pedestal 262c, 262d bolt 264 tension pulley 266 pulley 268 guide 270 motor

Claims (7)

A cutting device for cutting a structure supported at both ends, comprising:
a substantially U-shaped mount in a plan view that can be installed so as to sandwich the structure;
Rails for suspension installed parallel to both U-shaped straight extension portions of the mount,
a cutting portion movably mounted along said rail and having a cutting blade powered to cut said structure;
The cutting unit is configured to be able to move and cut along the rail even if the entire cutting device is inverted 180 degrees, and the cutting device is attached to the rail by bearings for suspension. . The cutting device of claim 1, comprising:
The cutting blade is an endless band blade,
In the cutting unit, the conveying path of the cutting blade is configured to have a predetermined inclination with respect to the surface of the base on which the rail is installed. 3. The cutting device according to claim 1 or 2,
The cutting blade is attached so that the portion that contacts the structure is linear,
The cutting device, wherein the cutting portion is arranged such that the linear portion of the cutting blade crosses the rail obliquely rather than perpendicularly to the rail. The cutting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The cutting blade is an endless band blade,
A cutting device, wherein another pulley for determining the conveying path of the cutting blade is arranged so that the cutting blade is in contact with the outer periphery of the driving pulley for driving the cutting blade over 90 degrees. The cutting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The cutting blade is an endless band blade,
A cutting device in which some or all of the pulleys that determine the conveying path of the cutting blade have a mechanism for adjusting the height and inclination thereof. The cutting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The cutting part is
A mounting hole provided with a play so that the mounting position can be adjusted in a direction intersecting the rail for fastening the bearing,
A cutting device comprising a fixing mechanism that presses against the bearing from both sides in the intersecting direction and fixes the position in the intersecting direction. The cutting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
Part or all of the parts fastened using bolts,
The opening of the hole through which the fastening bolt penetrates is tapered and chamfered.
The cutting device, wherein the bolt is fastened through a washer having a tapered convex portion corresponding to the chamfer.

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