JP2022113080A5 - - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a charging/discharging device used, for example, in electric vehicles, electric motorcycles, electric bicycles, solar power generation, wind power generation, and the like.

At present, for electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles, for example, attention is paid to performance development or miniaturization of batteries such as ion batteries and solid-state batteries to be loaded therein, and not much attention is paid to their efficient use.

For example, in a hybrid vehicle, the power generated by a generator that generates power through the rotation of the wheels is charged, for example, in an ion battery and used as auxiliary power for the engine. There was a problem that efficiency was poor because it did not use the generated power that can be charged by electricity.
In addition, since current electric vehicles rely only on the power stored in the storage battery, the capacity of the storage battery is very large, the traveling distance is short, and the weight and volume are large, resulting in inefficiency.

The present invention comprises first and second chargers/dischargers that alternately discharge and alternately charge,
During discharging of the first charger/discharger, if the retained power amount of the first charger/discharger becomes a predetermined amount or less, or if the retained power amount during charging of the second charger/discharger becomes a predetermined amount or more, By providing a controller for switching the charging/discharging states of the first and second chargers/dischargers, the chargeable electric power is effectively used and the capacities of the first and second chargers/dischargers are reduced. It is a thing.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the vehicle-mounted type of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, a first charger/discharger 1 has a positive terminal 2 and a negative terminal 3, discharges power to a motor 4 that drives wheels, and charges power from a generator 5 that generates power from the rotation of the wheels. The second charger/discharger 6 has a positive terminal 7 and a negative terminal 8, discharges power to the motor 4 that drives the wheels, and charges power from the generator 5 driven by the rotation of the wheels. The first retained power detection device 9 detects the retained power of the first charger/discharger 1, and generates an output when the retained power is full to put the first charger/discharger 1 into a discharging state. , a terminal 10 that generates an output to charge the second charger/discharger 6, and a terminal 10 that generates an output when the amount of electric power held in the first charger/discharger 1 decreases by a predetermined amount after the start of the motor 4. , the terminal 11 that generates an output for forcibly switching the charging/discharging states of the first and second chargers/dischargers 1 and 6, and the terminal 11 is controlled so as not to generate an output again after the output of the terminal 11 is generated. In this state, the terminal 12 that generates an output when the amount of retained power of the first charger/discharger 1 is small, and the terminals 10, 11, and 12 are controlled so as not to generate an output. , and a terminal 13 for generating an output when the amount of power stored in the first charger/discharger 1 reaches the minimum state. The second retained power detection device 14 detects the retained power of the second charger/discharger 6, and the terminal 15 that generates an output when the retained power is full and the second charger/discharger 6 is in the discharge state and the retained electric energy is reduced, the terminal 16, which generates an output for forcibly switching the charge and discharge states of the first and second chargers 1 and 6, and the terminal 15 and the terminal 16 output and a terminal 17 for generating an output when the retained power amount of the second charger/discharger 6 reaches the minimum state in a state controlled so as not to generate a The control device 18 opens and closes the switches 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, and 26 according to the outputs of the first retained power detection device 9 and the second retained power detection device 14, The charging/discharging states of the first and second chargers/dischargers 1 and 6 are switched and controlled. The indicator lamp 27 is lit by the output of the terminals 13,17.

A charging circuit for the first charger/discharger 1 and the second charger/discharger 6 is formed as follows.
The charging circuit of the first charger/discharger 1 is composed of the generator 5→switch 19→positive terminal 2→negative terminal 3→switch 22→generator 5, and the charging circuit of the second charger/discharger 6 is configured to generate power. It is composed of the machine 5→switch 23→positive terminal 7→negative terminal 8→switch 26→generator 5.

A discharge circuit of the first charger/discharger 1 and the second charger/discharger 6 is formed as follows.
The discharge circuit of the first charger/discharger 1 is composed of the positive terminal 2→switch 20→motor 4→switch 21→negative terminal 3, and the discharge circuit of the second charger/discharger 6 is composed of the positive terminal 7→switch 24. →motor 4→switch 25→negative terminal 8.

Next, this operation will be explained. When the vehicle is started, the first and second chargers 1 and 6 are fully charged by a home power source or the like, and the terminal 10 of the first retained power detector 9 generates an output. The control device 18 controls a switch to form a discharge circuit of the first charging/discharging device 1 , puts the first charging/discharging device 1 in a discharged state, and drives the motor 5 .

In this state, when the retained power amount of the first charging/discharging device 1 decreases by a predetermined amount and the terminal 11 of the first retained power detecting device 9 generates an output, this output causes the control device 18 to perform the first charging/discharging operation. While controlling the switch to form the charging circuit of the device 1 to place the first charging/discharging device 1 in the charging state, the control device 18 causes the terminal 15 to form the discharging circuit of the second charging/discharging device 6 . to control the switch to forcibly switch the second charging device 6 to the discharging state and to control the terminal 11 of the first charging/discharging device 9 not to generate an output.

When the second charging/discharging device 6 is in a discharging state and its retained electric power is reduced by a predetermined amount , the terminal 16 of the second retained electric power detecting device 14 generates an output, and this output causes the control device 18 to A switch is controlled to form a discharging circuit for one charging/discharging device 1 to put the first charging/discharging device 1 into a discharging state, and the motor 4 is driven. Further, the control device 18 controls the switch to form the charging circuit of the second charging device 6 and puts the second charging/discharging device 6 into the charging state.

Further, when the retained electric energy of any one of the first and second chargers/dischargers 1 and 6 drops to the minimum state, the terminals 13 and 17 of the first and second retained electric energy detectors 9 and 14 , an output is generated and the indicator lamp 28 lights up, indicating that the first and second chargers 1 and 6 have little power.

FIG. 2 is a wiring diagram showing an embodiment of the control device 18. In the figure, when the first and second chargers 1 and 6 are fully charged, when the start switch S1 is closed, the first charger/discharger 1 →Stop switch S2→Start switch S1→Relay R1→Close contact R2→Close contact R5. Further, by closing the make contact R1, the relay R1 is self-held and holds the discharging circuit.

When the retained power of the first charger/discharger 1 decreases by a predetermined amount, the current value flowing through the first charger/discharger 1→stop switch S2→first retained power detection device 9 decreases by a predetermined amount, and the terminals P1 and P2 When the voltage between the terminals drops, the transistor Tr1 becomes conductive, and the output is generated at the terminal 11 by the closed circuit of the make contact R1→relay R2→close contact Rs→close contact R3, and the make contact R2 is closed to hold the relay 2 by itself. , drives relay R3 as follows.

The relay R3 is driven by a closed circuit of the second charger/discharger 6→stop switch S2→close contact R4→make contact R2→relay R3. and controls the switch to form the discharging circuit of the second charger/discharger 6 and form the charging circuit of the first charger/discharger 1 .

When the second charger/discharger 6 discharges and the stored electric power of the second charger/discharger 6 decreases by a predetermined amount, the voltage between the terminals P3 and P4 of the second stored electric power detection device 14 decreases and the transistor Tr2 , the relay Rs is driven by the closed circuit of make contact R3→relay Rs to open the close contact Rs, and the relay R2 is turned off to prevent output from being generated at the output terminal 11.

When the discharge from the second charger/discharger 6 continues, the voltage between the terminals P5 and P6 of the second retained electric energy detection device 14 decreases, and the transistor Tr4 becomes conductive, the terminal An output is generated at 16, and the close contact R4 is opened to turn off the relay R3, turn on the relay R1, close the make contact R1 for self-holding, and close the discharge circuit of the first charger/discharger 1. Form. Even if the amount of charge stored in the first charger/discharger 1 decreases by a predetermined amount due to this discharge, no output is generated at the terminal 11 because the closed contact Rs of the relay R2 is open. In addition, the second charger/discharger 6 is charged by the output of the terminal 10 .

When the discharge from the first charger/discharger 1 continues and the voltage between the terminals P7 and P8 of the first retained electric energy detection device 9 decreases and the transistor Tr3 becomes conductive, the terminal 12 When the close contact R5 is opened, the relay R1 is turned off to form a charging circuit for the first charger/discharger 1, and when the make contact R5 is closed, the relay R3 is turned on to perform the second charging. A discharge circuit for the discharger 6 is formed.

When the discharge of the first charger/discharger 1 continues and the retained electric energy approaches 0, the electric energy does not drive the relays R1, R2, and R5, only the transistor Tr5 conducts, and an output is generated at the terminal 13. Then, the display lamp 28 is turned on to indicate that the amount of retained electric power is small. Also, when the second charger/discharger 6 continues to discharge and the amount of stored power approaches 0, the relays R3, Rs, and R4 are not driven by that amount of power, and only the transistor Tr6 conducts, outputting to the terminal 17. is generated, and the indicator lamp 28 is turned on to indicate that the amount of retained electric power is small.

When the vehicle is stopped, all circuits are initialized by pressing the stop switch S2.

In the above embodiment, the charging of the first and second chargers/dischargers 1 and 6 was explained as only the power generated from the generator 5. However, a thin transparent perovskite type battery which is composed only by applying a liquid raw material A solar battery may be applied to the roof, bonnet, etc. of the vehicle body, and the generated power may be used for charging.

In addition, in the above embodiment, an in-vehicle charger/discharger was explained, but any facility that uses a charge/discharge device such as solar power generation, wind power generation, geothermal power generation, tidal power generation, etc. can be used. is of course.

According to the present invention, by providing the first and second chargers 1 and 6 that alternately switch the charging/discharging state according to the amount of stored power, the power that is always generated can be efficiently used. The capacities of the dischargers 1 and 6 can be reduced, and the generated power can be used efficiently.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2 is a wiring diagram showing an embodiment of the control device 18.

1: First charger/discharger 4: Motor 5: Generator 6: Second charger/discharger 9: First retained power detection device 14: Second retained power detection device 18: Control device

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