JP2022109819A - Chemical heat storage device and heat storage method for chemical heat storage material - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a chemical heat storage device and a heat storage method for a chemical heat storage material which can advantageously enhance a chemical heat storage reaction in a manner that curbs energy losses associated with liquefaction and vaporization process of reaction liquid used for the chemical heat storage reaction of a chemical heat storage material.SOLUTION: A chemical heat storage device 1 comprises: a reactor vessel 3 which holds a chemical heat storage material 2 therein; a liquid containing section 4 which contains reaction liquid to be used for a reaction of the chemical heat storage material 2; and a heat exchange section 5 which perform condensation or vaporization related to the reaction liquid. The liquid containing section 4 and the heat exchanger 5 are arranged at positions separated from each other. Gas is transferred between the reactor vessel 3 and the heat exchanger 5 due to differential pressure and liquid is transferred between the heat exchanger 5 and the liquid containing section 4 due to the gravity. A heat storage method for the chemical heat storage material 2 is used the chemical heat storage device 1A. Thus, the chemical heat storage device and the heat storage method for the chemical heat storage material can advantageously enhance a chemical heat storage reaction in a manner that curbs energy losses associated with liquefaction and vaporization process of reaction liquid.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a chemical heat storage device and a heat storage method of a chemical heat storage material.

Chemical heat storage, which stores heat and releases heat using chemical reactions and enables storage of thermal energy at room temperature, is used in driving engines such as engines, as well as in factories and facilities for combustion processing (waste incineration facilities, etc.). Research and development are proceeding from the viewpoint of effectively utilizing waste heat (waste heat) from heat sources that generate heat.

A chemical heat storage device for performing chemical heat storage generally uses a solid chemical heat storage material, and heat is applied to this chemical heat storage material to store the heat generated by the endothermic reaction when the generated gas is separated. By supplying a gas and causing an exothermic reaction, it is configured to be able to dissipate heat to the outside of the device. At this time, it is known to condense and liquefy the generated gas as a reaction liquid, and evaporate the reaction liquid to use it as the reaction gas.

As such a chemical heat storage device, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, a reactor containing a chemical heat storage material, a reaction gas (vapor of a reaction liquid) is supplied to the reactor, and a reaction gas is supplied to the reactor. A chemical heat storage device is known that includes an evaporator/condenser that condenses the gas (steam) generated from the reactor and recovers it as a reaction liquid.

JP 2009-228951 A

In the chemical heat storage device described in Patent Document 1, the reaction gas (vapor of the reaction liquid) is generated (vaporization step) to be supplied to the reactor, and the generated gas (vapor) from the reactor is condensed and used as the reaction liquid. is collected (liquefaction process) at one location in the evaporation/condenser. That is, in this evaporator/condenser, it is necessary to cool/heat the entire container that constitutes the evaporator/condenser in the process of liquefying/vaporizing the reaction liquid. For this reason, there is a problem that the sensible heat of the container itself causes an energy loss in the liquefaction/vaporization process of the reaction liquid. In addition, all the reaction liquid generated in the liquefaction process is stored in this evaporator/condenser. Therefore, when the reaction liquid is stored, the effect of the sensible heat of the container itself is further increased, and especially in the vaporization process, the entire liquid in the container is heated. A problem arises in that the reaction gas is generated by consuming energy more than necessary with respect to the required amount of reaction gas (amount of steam).

An object of the present invention is to provide a chemical heat storage device and a chemical heat storage device that can suppress the energy loss associated with the liquefaction process and the vaporization process of the reaction liquid used for the reaction of the chemical heat storage material in chemical heat storage, and can advantageously proceed with the chemical heat storage reaction. An object of the present invention is to provide a heat storage method for a heat storage material.

As a result of intensive studies on the above problems, in the chemical heat storage device, a liquid holding part for holding the reaction liquid used in the reaction of the chemical heat storage material as a liquid and a heat exchange part for condensation/evaporation of the reaction liquid are provided separately. Furthermore, by moving the gas or liquid involved in the reaction of the chemical heat storage material without applying external force, the energy efficiency of the liquefaction process and the vaporization process of the reaction liquid can be improved, and the chemical heat storage reaction can be advantageously promoted. The present invention was completed after discovering that it becomes possible.
That is, the present invention provides the following chemical heat storage device and heat storage method for a chemical heat storage material.

A chemical heat storage device of the present invention for solving the above problems comprises a reactor holding a chemical heat storage material inside, a liquid holding part holding a reaction liquid used for reaction of the chemical heat storage material, and condensing or an evaporating heat exchange section, wherein the liquid retention section and the heat exchange section are provided separately and gas movement between the reactor and the heat exchange section is due to a pressure difference; The movement of the liquid between the liquid holding parts is due to gravity.
According to this chemical heat storage device, by separating the part related to holding the reaction liquid used for the reaction of the chemical heat storage material and the part performing condensation/evaporation related to the reaction liquid, in the condensation/evaporation related to the reaction liquid, This eliminates the need to cool or heat the entire reaction solution. In addition, the energy required for the mass transfer of the gas and liquid can be greatly reduced by making the transfer of the gas and liquid involved in the reaction of the chemical heat storage material due to the pressure difference and gravity. This makes it possible to reduce the energy loss in the liquefaction process and the vaporization process of the reaction liquid, and to proceed with the chemical heat storage reaction advantageously.

Further, in one embodiment of the chemical heat storage device of the present invention, the heat exchange section includes a condensation section and an evaporator independently, and the condensation section, the liquid retention section, and the evaporator are connected in order so as to cause mass transfer. It is characterized by
According to this feature, by separating the condensation section and the evaporation section and performing the cooling and heating operations independently, it is possible to reduce the energy consumption compared to repeatedly performing the cooling and heating operations at one location. can. Moreover, since the space required for each operation can be made compact, energy loss can be further suppressed.

Furthermore, in one embodiment of the chemical heat storage device of the present invention, the liquid retaining section and the heat exchanging section are stacked in the direction of gravity so that the condensation section, the liquid retaining section, and the evaporating section are stacked in this order from the top. It is characterized by
According to this feature, the movement of the reaction liquid generated in the condensation section to the liquid holding section and the movement of the reaction liquid held in the liquid holding section to the evaporating section can be easily performed using gravity. becomes. As a result, energy loss related to the liquefaction process and vaporization process of the reaction solution can be suppressed, and energy related to mass transfer can be significantly reduced, and energy loss related to chemical heat storage can be further suppressed. Become.

A heat storage method for a chemical heat storage material of the present invention for solving the above problems is a heat storage method for a chemical heat storage material in which heat is stored in a chemical heat storage material held inside a reactor, in which a reaction step of reacting the chemical heat storage material , a liquid holding step for holding the reaction liquid used for the reaction of the chemical heat storage material, and a heat exchanging step for condensing or evaporating the reaction liquid, and the liquid holding step and the heat exchanging step are performed separately. The method is characterized in that the gas transfer between the reaction step and the heat exchange step is due to the pressure difference and the liquid transfer between the heat exchange step and the liquid retention step is due to gravity.
According to this heat storage method of the chemical heat storage material, by separating the process of holding the reaction liquid used for the reaction of the chemical heat storage material and the process of condensing and evaporating the reaction liquid, Evaporation eliminates the need to cool or heat the entire reaction liquid. In addition, the energy required for mass transfer of the gas and liquid used for reaction of the chemical heat storage material can be greatly reduced. This makes it possible to reduce the energy loss in the liquefaction process and the vaporization process of the reaction liquid, and to proceed with the chemical heat storage reaction advantageously.

Further, as one embodiment of the heat storage method of the chemical heat storage material of the present invention, the heat exchange step includes a condensation step related to the reaction liquid and an evaporation step of the reaction liquid independently. , the mass transfer in the order of evaporation steps.
According to this feature, by separating the condensation process and the evaporation process and performing the cooling and heating operations independently, it is possible to reduce the energy consumption compared to repeating the cooling and heating operations at one place. can. Moreover, since the space required for each operation can be made compact, energy loss can be further suppressed.

According to the present invention, in chemical heat storage, the energy loss associated with the liquefaction process and the vaporization process of the reaction liquid used in the reaction of the chemical heat storage material can be suppressed, and the chemical heat storage reaction can be advantageously promoted. A heat storage method for a heat storage material can be provided.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the chemico-thermal-storage device of the 1st embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing mass transfer of fluid during heat storage in the chemical heat storage device of the first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing mass transfer of fluid during heat dissipation in the chemical heat storage device of the first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the structure of a chemical heat storage device according to a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the structure of a chemical heat storage device according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

The chemical heat storage device and the heat storage method of the chemical heat storage material of the present invention are exhaust heat from heat sources that generate heat during operation, such as driving engines such as engines, factories and facilities for combustion treatment (waste incineration facilities, etc.). (Waste heat) is stored in a chemical heat storage material, and when heat is required, heat is released from the heat storage product, thereby making it possible to utilize the heat. In addition, the chemical heat storage device of the present invention may be used as a heat supply source while being fixed at a predetermined position. It can be a thing.

Further, in the chemical heat storage device and the heat storage method of the chemical heat storage material of the present invention, the chemical heat storage material is heated to separate the heat storage product and the generated gas during heat storage, and the heat storage product and the reaction gas are reacted during heat dissipation. It produces a chemical heat storage material. Here, the generated gas generated during heat storage and the reaction gas supplied during heat release are preferably of the same type. Then, in the liquefaction step of condensing the generated gas and recovering it as a reaction liquid, and the vaporization step of evaporating the reaction liquid obtained in the liquefaction step and using it as a reaction gas, the reaction related to chemical heat storage proceeds, and the chemical heat storage material It becomes possible to store and release heat. In addition, hereinafter, the generated gas and the reaction gas may be referred to as "reaction medium".

固体である化学蓄熱材ＡＢに熱Ｑを加えると、固体である蓄熱生成物Ａと気体である反応媒体Ｂを生成し、このときの吸熱反応により蓄熱を行うことができる。この反応は可逆的な平衡反応であり、放熱時には、蓄熱生成物Ａと反応媒体Ｂが反応する。なお、式中の「（ｓ）」は、固体状態を表し、式中の「（ｇ）」は、気体状態であることを表す。 As a general reaction related to chemical heat storage in the present invention, for example, a reaction such as the following formula (1) is exemplified.

When heat Q is applied to the solid chemical heat storage material AB, a solid heat storage product A and a gaseous reaction medium B are generated, and heat can be stored by the endothermic reaction at this time. This reaction is a reversible equilibrium reaction, and the heat storage product A and the reaction medium B react during heat release. "(s)" in the formula represents a solid state, and "(g)" in the formula represents a gaseous state.

In a conventional chemical heat storage device, during heat storage, a reaction medium B (produced gas) generated by adding heat Q to the chemical heat storage material AB in the reactor is introduced into the evaporator/condenser, and on the evaporator/condenser side, By dissipating the heat possessed by the reaction medium B (produced gas), the temperature of the reaction medium B (produced gas) is lowered, the reaction medium B (produced gas) is liquefied by the condensation reaction, and is recovered as a reaction liquid. . At this time, all of the collected reaction liquid is stored in the evaporator/condenser, so in order to store the reaction liquid, a container that constitutes the evaporator/condenser must have a certain amount of space. becomes. Therefore, the energy consumption required for the temperature drop of the reaction medium B (produced gas) increases due to the influence of the sensible heat of the container itself.

Also, during heat dissipation, the reaction proceeds in the opposite direction to that during heat storage. On the evaporator/condenser side, heat is applied to the reaction liquid to vaporize it into reaction medium B (reaction gas), and on the reactor side , the reaction medium B (reaction gas) and the heat storage product A react with each other, and heat is radiated by the exothermic reaction that produces the chemical heat storage material AB. At this time, since all the reaction liquid in the evaporator/condenser is heated, more energy than necessary is consumed in order to generate the amount of reaction gas required for the exothermic reaction on the reactor side. .

On the other hand, in the chemical heat storage device and the heat storage method of the chemical heat storage material of the present invention, when performing heat storage and heat release based on the reaction of formula (1), the reaction liquid used for the reaction of the chemical heat storage material AB undergoes condensation and evaporation. In the liquefaction process in which the generated gas is condensed and recovered as a reaction liquid by storing it separately from the place where heat exchange is performed, and in the vaporization process in which the reaction liquid obtained in the liquefaction process is evaporated and used as the reaction gas, It is possible to perform heat storage and heat dissipation related to chemical heat storage without consuming the above energy. As a result, compared with the conventional chemical heat storage device, energy loss can be suppressed, and the reaction related to chemical heat storage can be favorably advanced.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Incidentally, the chemical heat storage device and the heat storage method of the chemical heat storage material described in the embodiments are merely exemplified for explaining the heat storage method of the chemical heat storage device and the chemical heat storage material according to the present invention, and the same effect can be obtained. As long as it is not limited to these.

[First embodiment]
[Chemical heat storage device]
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the structure of a chemical heat storage device 1A according to the first embodiment of the present invention. This chemical heat storage device 1A includes a chemical heat storage medium 2, a reactor 3 holding the chemical heat storage medium 2, a liquid holding unit 4 holding a reaction liquid W used for the reaction of the chemical heat storage medium 2, and A heat exchange section 5 for condensation/evaporation is provided. Further, the heat exchange section 5 includes a condensation section 51 that condenses the product gas g1 generated from the reactor 3 into a reaction liquid W, and an evaporating section 52 that evaporates the reaction liquid W into a reaction gas g2. there is

In the chemical heat storage device 1A of this embodiment, the reactor 3 and the heat exchange section 5 are airtightly connected via the communication section 6 . A communicating portion 6a connecting the reactor 3 and the condensing portion 51 is provided with a valve V1 capable of controlling the movement of the produced gas g1. Further, the communicating portion 6b connecting the reactor 3 and the evaporating portion 52 is provided with a valve V2 capable of controlling the movement of the reaction gas g2.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, in the chemical heat storage device 1A of this embodiment, the condensation section 51, the liquid retention section 4, and the evaporation section 52 are connected in this order so as to cause mass transfer.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, in the chemical heat storage device 1A of this embodiment, the liquid holding section 4 and the heat exchange section 5 are stacked in the direction of gravity, and from the top, the condensation section 51, the liquid holding section 4, It is arranged so as to be an evaporator 52 .

Each configuration will be described in detail below.
(Chemical heat storage material)
The chemical heat storage material 2 is a chemical substance that separates into a heat storage product and a generated gas g1 when heated, and releases heat by the reverse reaction. For example, combinations of the heat storage product and generated gas g1 include calcium oxide (CaO) and water vapor (H ₂ O), calcium chloride (CaCl ₂ ) and water vapor (H ₂ O), calcium bromide (CaBr ₂ ) and water vapor. ( _H2O ), calcium iodide (CaI2) and water vapor ( _H2O ), magnesium oxide (MgO) and water vapor ( _H2O ), magnesium chloride ₍ MgCl2) and water vapor _{( H2O} ), zinc chloride ( _ZnCl2 ) and water vapor ( _H2O ), strontium chloride ( _SrCl2 ) and ammonia ( _NH3 ), strontium bromide ( _SrBr2 ) and ammonia ( _NH3 ), calcium oxide (CaO) and carbon dioxide ( _CO2 ) ), magnesium oxide (MgO) and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ). From the viewpoint of ease of procurement and handling, the chemical heat storage medium 2 preferably uses water vapor (H ₂ O) as the generated gas g1 and the reaction gas g2.

The structure and shape of the chemical heat storage material 2 are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include powder, granules, granules, pellets, and flakes. Moreover, a molded body obtained by molding powder, or a porous body carrying the chemical heat storage material 2 may be used. From the viewpoint of increasing the surface area and enhancing the reactivity, the chemical heat storage material 2 is preferably in the form of powder.

Further, a cartridge in which a powdery chemical heat storage material 2 is filled in a container or bag made of metal mesh may be used. By using a cartridge, it is possible to prevent the chemical heat storage material 2 in powder form from flowing out of the reactor 3 and to prevent the chemical heat storage material 2 from being unevenly arranged inside the reactor 3 . In addition, the use of a cartridge facilitates replacement of the chemical heat storage material 2, and also has the effect of being excellent in handleability.

(Reactor)
The reactor 3 is configured to hold the chemical heat storage material 2 and is made of a structure that can be sealed. Although the shape and material of the reactor 3 are not particularly limited, it preferably has pressure resistance. The pressure resistance suppresses the change in the internal volume due to the change in the internal pressure of the reactor 3, thereby producing the effect of facilitating the control of the internal pressure.

The reactor 3 in this embodiment has an opening 31a through which the product gas g1 desorbed from the chemical heat storage material 2 flows out, and the opening 31a is connected to the communicating portion 6a. Further, the reactor 3 has an opening 31b into which the reactant gas g2 that reacts with the chemical heat storage material 2 flows, and the opening 31b is connected to the communicating portion 6b.

The reactor 3 in this embodiment also has a heat exchange mechanism 32 for transferring heat between the chemical heat storage material 2 held inside and the outside. Through this heat exchange mechanism 32, it is possible to proceed with the reaction related to heat storage in the chemical heat storage medium 2, and to take out the heat released from the reaction related to heat release to the outside.

The heat exchange mechanism 32 may have any shape as long as heat can be transferred between the chemical heat storage material 2 housed inside the reactor 3 and the outside via the heat medium introduced into the heat exchange mechanism 32. For example, it may be composed of a heat exchange tube installed in a meandering manner inside the reactor 3, or an inner tubular portion of a double cylindrical reactor. Alternatively, heat exchange may be performed through the outer wall of the reactor 3 .

Any heat medium may be used as long as it can supply heat to the chemical heat storage medium 2 and recover heat from the chemical heat storage medium 2, and may be a fluid such as gas or liquid, or a solid. It is preferable to use a fluid from the viewpoint of excellent heat transfer efficiency.
Moreover, the temperature of the heat medium is not particularly limited as long as it can supply heat to the chemical heat storage medium 2 .

The reactor 3 may be a structure removable from the chemical heat storage device 1A. By using a detachable structure, only the reactor 3 holding the chemical heat storage material 2 can be transported to a heat demand area where heat dissipation is required. Alternatively, only the chemical heat storage material 2 inside the reactor 3 may be enclosed in a sealable container or bag and transported to a heat demand area.

Moreover, the reactor 3 may have a heat retaining part (not shown) for keeping the reactor 3 warm. The heat retaining section is made of a member such as a heat insulating material or a heat reflecting material that suppresses heat radiation, and is provided so as to cover the periphery of the reactor 3 . The heat insulating material is made of a material that suppresses heat radiation from the reactor 3, and examples thereof include foamed resin such as foamed polyethylene and styrene foam, synthetic resin, and inorganic materials. Moreover, the heat reflecting member is made of a material capable of reflecting the radiant heat emitted from the reactor 3 . Materials capable of reflecting radiant heat include, for example, metals such as aluminum, iron, copper, brass, silver, gold, platinum, nickel, stainless steel, chromium, and tungsten. Examples of non-metals include quartz glass, alumina ceramics, magnesia ceramics, and refractory bricks.

(Heat exchange part)
A chemical heat storage device 1</b>A of the first embodiment of the present invention includes a heat exchange section 5 for condensing and evaporating a reaction liquid W as a connection destination of a reactor 3 . The heat exchange unit 5 may be any unit that condenses or evaporates the reaction liquid W, but as shown in FIG. It is preferable to include a condensation section 51 for the liquid W and an evaporator 52 for evaporating the reaction liquid W into the reaction gas g2. By providing the condenser section 51 and the evaporator section 52 separately, the cooling and heating operations can be performed independently. , less energy can be consumed. Moreover, since the space required for each operation can be made compact, energy loss can be further suppressed.

The condensation section 51 is for condensing and recovering the generated gas g1 generated from the chemical heat storage material 2 during heat storage as a reaction liquid W in a liquid state. 3 are connected by a communicating portion 6a. The condensation section 51 is adjusted to a temperature at which the generated gas g1 is condensed, and when the generated gas g1 flows into the condensation section 51, it is condensed and liquefied. At this time, means for adjusting the temperature of the condensation section 51 is not particularly limited, and cooling may be performed by a cooling device or the like, or cooling may be performed by natural heat radiation.

The reactor 3 and the condensation section 51 are in airtight communication via the communication section 6a. The generated gas g1 desorbed from the chemical heat storage material 2 can naturally continue to move toward the condensation section 51 due to the pressure difference. This makes it possible to reduce the energy consumption associated with mass transfer.

In addition, since the condensation unit 51 only needs to liquefy the generated gas g1, unlike the evaporator/condenser in the conventional chemical heat storage device, a space for holding the reaction liquid W after liquefaction is unnecessary. is. Therefore, it is possible to make the space as the condensation section 51 more compact, reduce the energy consumption associated with the condensation of the produced gas g1, and suppress the energy loss.

The reaction liquid W after being condensed and liquefied in the condensing section 51 is sent to the liquid holding section 4 which will be described later. At this time, as shown in FIG. 1, by arranging the liquid holding portion 4 below the condensation portion 51 in the direction of gravity, the movement of the reaction liquid W from the condensation portion 51 to the liquid holding portion 4 uses gravity. becomes possible. This makes it possible to reduce the energy consumption associated with mass transfer.
The boundary structure between the condensation section 51 and the liquid holding section 4 will be described later.

The evaporator 52 is for evaporating the reaction liquid W in a liquid state and supplying it to the chemical heat storage material 2 of the reactor 3 as a reaction gas g2 in a gaseous state at the time of heat radiation. and the opening 31b of the reactor 3 are connected by the communicating portion 6b. The evaporating portion 52 is adjusted to a temperature at which the reaction liquid W evaporates and the reaction gas g2 is generated. At this time, means for adjusting the temperature of the evaporating section 52 is not particularly limited, and heating by a heating device or the like can be mentioned. Further, another example of means for generating the reaction gas g2 in the evaporating part 52 includes reducing the internal pressure of the evaporating part 52 by a pressure adjustment mechanism to vaporize the reaction liquid W, and the like.

The reactor 3 and the evaporating section 52 are in airtight communication via the communicating section 6b. When the reaction liquid W is heated in the evaporating section 52 to generate the reaction gas g2, the internal pressure of the evaporating section 52 increases. The reaction gas g2 can naturally continue to move to the reactor 3 side due to the pressure difference. This makes it possible to reduce the energy consumption associated with mass transfer. Further, when the reaction liquid W is vaporized by the pressure adjustment mechanism, the internal pressure on the reactor 3 side may be lower than the internal pressure on the evaporating section 52 side. At this time, as will be described later, by providing a valve V2 in the communication portion 6b, the internal pressure on the evaporating portion 52 side can be reduced by opening the valve V2, so that the reaction liquid W is vaporized without applying heat. As the reaction gas becomes g2, the reaction gas g2 naturally moves to the reactor 3 side due to the pressure difference.

In addition, the evaporator 52 may evaporate the reaction liquid W for generating the reaction gas g2 that satisfies the required amount of supply to the reactor 3 at the time of heat dissipation. Unlike the evaporator/condenser in the apparatus, no space is required to hold the reaction liquid W after liquefaction. Therefore, it is possible to make the space as the evaporator 52 more compact, reduce the energy consumption associated with the vaporization of the reaction liquid W (generate the reaction gas g2), and suppress the energy loss.

The reaction liquid W vaporized in the evaporating section 52 is sent from the liquid holding section 4 which will be described later. At this time, as shown in FIG. 1, by arranging the evaporating section 52 below the liquid holding section 4 in the direction of gravity, the reaction liquid W is moved from the liquid holding section 4 to the evaporating section 52 using gravity. becomes possible. This makes it possible to reduce the energy consumption associated with mass transfer.
A boundary structure between the evaporating section 52 and the liquid retaining section 4 will be described later.

Further, the heat exchange section 5 in this embodiment is airtightly connected to the reactor 3 by the communication section 6 .
The communication part 6 is not particularly limited as long as it allows the inside of the reactor 3 and the heat exchange part 5 to communicate with each other and the fluid can move inside the communication part 6, and examples thereof include piping.
As the communication part 6 in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. and a communicating portion 6b through which the reaction gas g2 moves.

The communicating portions 6a and 6b in this embodiment are provided with valves V1 and V2 for adjusting the outflow rate of the generated gas g1 and the inflow rate of the reaction gas g2.
Here, the pressure in the reactor 3 can be increased by limiting the outflow amount of the produced gas g1 with the valve V1. That is, by controlling the opening and closing of the valve V1, the pressure inside the reactor 3 can be adjusted to be maintained at or above the pressure on the outlet side (condensing section 51 side) of the valve V1. As a result, the movement of the generated gas g1 from the reactor 3 to the heat exchange section 5 (condensing section 51) via the communication section 6a can be easily performed by the pressure difference.
In addition, by maintaining the pressure inside the reactor 3 at or above the pressure on the outlet side, the temperature of the chemical heat storage material 2 can be maintained at a temperature higher than the reaction temperature at the pressure outside the reactor 3. . That is, the heat storage reaction in the reactor 3 can be promoted by restricting the outflow of the product gas g1.
Further, as described above, by limiting the inflow amount of the reaction gas g2 with the valve V2, a pressure difference between the internal pressure of the evaporating section 52 and the internal pressure of the reactor 3 is generated, and the heat exchanging section 5 (evaporating section 52) Regarding the movement of the reaction gas g2 to the reactor 3 via the communication part 6b, the movement due to the pressure difference can be easily performed.

The valves V1 and V2 may be control valves that control in two stages of full opening or full closing, or control valves that adjust the degree of opening in stages. The former control valve can adjust the internal pressure of the reactor 3 and the heat exchange section 5 with a simple structure. Moreover, the latter control valve has the effect of being able to strictly adjust the internal pressure of the reactor 3 and the heat exchange section 5 .

(liquid holding part)
The liquid holding part 4 is for holding the reaction liquid W used for the reaction of the chemical heat storage material 2 . In addition, the liquid holding section 4 is provided separately from the heat exchange section 5, and as shown in FIG. It is

The liquid holding part 4 is not particularly limited as long as it can hold the reaction liquid W, and its material and structure are not particularly limited. For example, it is possible to use materials and structures known as water storage tanks having airtightness and pressure resistance. The liquid holding unit 4 in this embodiment may be equipped with various facilities for measuring and adjusting the temperature and pressure when holding the reaction liquid W, but this is not a particularly essential configuration and may be omitted. good.

As a boundary structure between the liquid holding part 4 and the condensation part 51, for example, as shown in FIG. For example, the liquid is introduced into the liquid holding portion 4 via a pipe L1 that connects the lower side of the portion 51 and the upper side of the liquid holding portion 4 . As a result, the reaction liquid W condensed and liquefied in the condensing section 51 is collected by the funnel-shaped structure 51a and moved into the liquid holding section 4 by gravity. Further, by providing the funnel-shaped structure 51a in the condensation section 51, the space of the condensation section 51 can be separated from the liquid holding section 4 to a certain extent, and the reaction liquid W can be smoothly moved through the pipe L1. . As a result, the cooling efficiency (liquefaction efficiency) in the condensation section 51 can be enhanced, and the energy consumption associated with the movement of the reaction liquid W can be reduced.
A valve V3 may be provided on the pipe L1 in order to completely separate the space of the condensing section 51 and the liquid holding section 4 from each other. At this time, the valve V3 may be appropriately opened manually by the operator. The amount of energy, the amount of the reaction liquid W, etc.) may be monitored, and the opening control may be performed based on the monitoring.

Regarding the boundary structure between the liquid holding part 4 and the condensation part 51, the liquid holding part 4 and the condensation part 51 are separated, and the reaction liquid W can be moved from the condensation part 51 to the liquid holding part 4 by gravity. It is not limited to what is shown in FIG. Another example of the boundary structure between the liquid holding portion 4 and the condensation portion 51 will be described later.

Further, as a boundary structure between the liquid holding part 4 and the evaporating part 52, as shown in FIG. The liquid may be introduced into the evaporating section 52 via a pipe L2 that connects the lower side of the liquid holding section 4 and the upper side of the evaporating section 52 . As a result, the reaction liquid W retained in the liquid retaining section 4 is collected by the funnel-shaped structure 4a and moved into the evaporating section 52 by gravity. Further, by providing the funnel-shaped structure 4a in the liquid holding part 4 and moving the reaction liquid W through the pipe L2, the opening surface above the evaporating part 52 is narrowed, and the space of the evaporating part 52 is reduced to the liquid holding part. 4, and the reaction liquid W can be smoothly moved through the pipe L2. As a result, the heating efficiency (vaporization efficiency) in the evaporating section 52 can be increased, and the energy consumption associated with the movement of the reaction liquid W can be reduced.
A valve V4 may be provided on the pipe L2 in order to completely separate the space of the evaporating section 52 from the liquid holding section 4. FIG. At this time, the valve V4 may be appropriately opened manually by the operator. It is good also as what controls to carry out. It should be noted that the types of parameters to be input to the control section related to the opening of the valve V4 are not particularly limited. For example, the measured values of a thermometer and a pressure gauge provided in the main body of the reactor 3 or the heat exchange mechanism 32 may be used.

As for the boundary structure between the liquid holding part 4 and the evaporating part 52, the liquid holding part 4 and the evaporating part 52 are separated, and the reaction liquid W can be moved from the liquid holding part 4 to the evaporating part 52 by gravity. It is sufficient if there is, and it is not limited to what is shown in FIG. For example, the funnel-shaped structure 4a in the liquid holding section 4 may be omitted, and the liquid holding section 4 and the evaporating section 52 may simply be connected by the pipe L2. This simplifies the device structure.

[Operation related to heat storage/radiation using chemical heat storage device]
Based on FIG.2 and FIG.3, operation|movement regarding heat storage and heat dissipation in 1 A of chemical heat storage apparatuses of this embodiment is demonstrated. The description of this operation corresponds to the description of the heat storage method of the chemical heat storage medium of the present invention.

2 and 3 are schematic explanatory diagrams relating to mass transfer of fluid in the chemical heat storage device 1A in this embodiment. Here, FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram relating to mass transfer during heat storage in the chemical heat storage device 1A in this embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a schematic view relating to mass transfer during heat release in the chemical heat storage device 1A in this embodiment. It is an explanatory diagram. The arrows in FIGS. 2 and 3 indicate the direction of mass transfer of the fluid. The structure of the chemical heat storage device 1A in FIGS. 2 and 3 is the same as the structure shown in FIG. 1, and the description of each structure is omitted.

First, an operation related to heat storage will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2 , during heat storage, a heat medium for heat supply is supplied to the heat exchange mechanism 32 in the reactor 3 . Also, the valve V1 is opened to allow communication between the reactor 3 and the condensation section 51 . As a result, the chemical heat storage medium 2 is heated by the heat medium supplied to the heat exchange mechanism 32 and separated into a heat storage product and a generated gas g1, and the reaction process of the chemical heat storage medium 2 proceeds.
The generated gas g1 passes through the communicating portion 6a and the valve V1 and moves to the condensing portion 51. As shown in FIG. The generated gas g1 that has flowed into the condensation section 51 is cooled, and the condensation step of obtaining the reaction liquid W in the liquid state proceeds. At this time, in the condensation section 51, the cooling operation can be performed in a compact space, and the cooling efficiency (liquefaction efficiency) can be improved, and the energy loss can be suppressed. In addition, since the generated gas g1 is condensed and liquefied in the condensation section 51, the pressure in the condensation section 51 becomes lower than the internal pressure of the reactor 3, so the generated gas g1 easily enters the condensation section 51 due to the pressure difference. Moving. As a result, energy consumption associated with movement can be reduced.
Then, the reaction liquid W obtained in the condensing section 51 moves to the liquid holding section 4 through the pipe L1, and the liquid holding step proceeds. At this time, since the reaction liquid W moves by gravity, the energy consumption involved in the movement can be reduced.
In this way, after the reaction liquid W is obtained by condensing and liquefying the generated gas g1 generated by the reaction of the chemical heat storage material 2 in the reactor 3 in the condensation unit 51, the reaction liquid W is supplied through the pipe L1. By moving to the liquid holding part 4 , the heat storage reaction progresses, and heat can be stored in the chemical heat storage material 2 .

The timing of stopping and ending the heat storage reaction is not particularly limited. For example, when the heat storage reaction progresses sufficiently, the generation of the generated gas g1 due to the reaction of the chemical heat storage material 2 stops. Therefore, a flow meter and a pressure gauge are provided on the reactor 3 and the communication part 6a, and when the flow rate and flow velocity of the generated gas g1 decrease or become zero, it is considered that the heat storage reaction is completed, the valve V1 is closed, For example, the heating of the reactor 3 is stopped to terminate the heat storage reaction. As another example, a thermometer is provided in the reactor 3, and when the upper temperature limit derived from the heat medium used is reached, the heat storage reaction is considered to be completed, and an operation to terminate the heat storage reaction is performed. etc.

Next, an operation related to heat radiation will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3, at the time of heat radiation, the reaction liquid W held in the liquid holding section 4 by the liquid holding step is supplied to the evaporating section 52, and means for vaporizing the reaction liquid W in the evaporating section 52 (in this embodiment, heating device). As a result, the reaction liquid W in the evaporator 52 is vaporized to generate the reaction gas g2, and the vaporization process proceeds. At this time, the reaction liquid W moves from the liquid holding section 4 to the evaporating section 52 by gravity through the pipe L2, so that the energy consumption associated with the movement can be reduced. Moreover, in the evaporating section 52, the heating operation can be performed in a compact space, so that the heating efficiency (vaporization efficiency) can be increased and the energy loss can be suppressed.
Then, the valve V2 is opened to allow communication between the reactor 3 and the evaporating section 52 . As a result, the reaction gas g2 passes through the communicating portion 6b and the valve V2 and moves to the reactor 3. At this time, the reaction liquid W evaporates and vaporizes in the evaporator 52, and the pressure inside the evaporator 52 rises above the internal pressure of the reactor 3, so the reaction gas g2 easily flows into the reactor 3 due to the pressure difference. move to As a result, energy consumption associated with movement can be reduced.
Furthermore, the reaction gas g2 that has flowed into the reactor 3 contacts with the chemical heat storage material 2, which is a heat storage product, causing an exothermic reaction. The heat obtained by this exothermic reaction is recovered by the heat medium for heat recovery through the heat exchange mechanism 32 and radiated to the outside, so that the chemical heat storage device 1A can be used as a heat supply source.
In this way, the reaction liquid W held in the liquid holding section 4 is supplied to the evaporating section 52, evaporated in the evaporating section 52, and vaporized to obtain the reaction gas g2. By moving g2 to the reactor 3, an exothermic reaction proceeds and heat can be released to the outside.

The timing of stopping and ending the exothermic reaction is not particularly limited. For example, when the exothermic reaction progresses sufficiently, the generation of heat due to the reaction of the chemical heat storage material 2 stops. Therefore, a thermometer is provided in the reactor 3, and when the temperature reaches the lower limit temperature derived from the heat medium used, the exothermic reaction is considered to be completed, the valve V2 is closed, and vaporization (heating) in the evaporator 52 is stopped. For example, the operation is stopped to terminate the exothermic reaction.

As described above, according to the chemical heat storage device 1A and the heat storage method of the chemical heat storage material according to the present embodiment, the part related to holding the reaction liquid used in the reaction of the chemical heat storage material and the part performing condensation/evaporation related to the reaction liquid are separated. Separation eliminates the need to cool/heat the entire reaction liquid in the condensation/evaporation of the reaction liquid. This makes it possible to reduce the energy loss in the liquefaction process and the vaporization process of the reaction liquid, and to proceed with the chemical heat storage reaction advantageously.
In particular, since the heat exchange section of the chemical heat storage device 1A is provided with the condenser section and the evaporator section independently, the cooling and heating operations can be performed independently, and the cooling and heating operations can be performed at one place. It consumes less energy than iterating. Moreover, since the space required for each operation can be made compact, energy loss can be further suppressed.

[Other aspects of the chemical heat storage device]
Another aspect of the chemical heat storage device of the present invention is illustrated below.
[Second embodiment]
FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the structure of a chemical heat storage device 1B according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
In this chemical heat storage device 1B, as a boundary structure between the condensation section 51 and the liquid holding section 4, a partition plate 51b is provided inside the container C instead of the funnel-shaped structure 51a and the pipe L1 in the chemical heat storage device 1A of the first embodiment. It is to be established. In addition, description is abbreviate|omitted about the structure similar to 1 A of chemical heat storage apparatuses in a 1st embodiment.

The partition plate 51b in this embodiment functions as a partition member that partitions the inside of one container C into two spaces. As a result, the condensation section 51 and the liquid holding section 4 can be separately provided in one container C, thereby simplifying the device structure.

The partition plate 51 b may have a mechanism that separates the condensation section 51 and the liquid holding section 4 and moves the reaction liquid W generated in the condensation section 51 to the liquid holding section 4 .
For example, the partition plate 51b may have an openable/closable structure or a slidable structure, and an opening communicating between the condensation section 51 and the liquid holding section 4 may be formed regularly or irregularly. . As a result, while the partition plate 51 b separates the condensation section 51 from the liquid holding section 4 , the condensation process can proceed efficiently in the condensation section 51 . On the other hand, the partition plate 51b moves periodically or irregularly to form an opening, so that the generated reaction liquid W can be moved to the liquid holding section 4 by gravity. At this time, the size of the opening formed by the partition plate 51b can be easily changed. Therefore, it becomes easy to improve the transfer efficiency of the reaction liquid W from the condensation section 51 to the liquid holding section 4 .

Another example of the partition plate 51b is a structure having a plurality of holes. As a result, the condensation section 51 and the liquid holding section 4 can be separated in one container C without providing a mechanism for moving the partition plate 51b, and the reaction liquid W generated in the condensation section 51 is separated from the partition plate 51b. can be continuously moved to the liquid holding portion 4 by gravity through the holes in the .

According to this chemical heat storage device 1B, the condensation section 51 and the liquid holding section 4 can be separated in one container C with a simple structure, and space saving and cost reduction of the chemical heat storage device can be achieved. It becomes possible.

[Third embodiment]
FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the structure of a chemical heat storage device 1C according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
This chemical heat storage device 1C is provided with a communication portion 6c having a three-way valve V5 instead of the communication portions 6a and 6b in the chemical heat storage device 1A of the first embodiment. In addition, description is abbreviate|omitted about the structure similar to 1 A of chemical heat storage apparatuses in a 1st embodiment.

In the chemical heat storage device 1C of this embodiment, one opening 31c provided in the upper part of the reactor 3, the condenser 51, and the evaporator 52 are connected by a communication part 6c having a three-way valve V5. . This facilitates switching between operations related to heat storage and heat release.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, by providing a valve V6 between the opening 31c and the three-way valve V5, it becomes easy to separate the reactor 3 from the heat exchange section 5 (and the liquid holding section 4). , the reactor 3 can be a structure that can be removed from the chemical heat storage device 1C. By making the reactor 3 a detachable structure, only the reactor 3 holding the chemical heat storage material 2 can be transported to a heat demand area where heat dissipation is required.

According to this chemical heat storage device 1C, it becomes easy to switch between operations related to heat storage and heat dissipation. In addition, since it becomes easy to remove the reactor 3 from the chemical heat storage device 1C, it is possible to increase the utility value of the reactor 3 as a heat supply source.

In addition, the embodiment mentioned above shows an example of the heat storage method of a chemical heat storage apparatus and a chemical heat storage material. The chemical heat storage device and the heat storage method of the chemical heat storage material according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the chemical heat storage device and chemical heat storage device according to the above-described embodiments are not limited to the scope of the claims. The heat storage method of the heat storage material may be modified.

The chemical heat storage device and the heat storage method of the chemical heat storage material of the present invention are exhaust heat from heat sources that generate heat during operation, such as driving engines such as engines, factories and facilities for combustion treatment (waste incineration facilities, etc.). It is preferably used as means for effectively utilizing (waste heat).

1A, 1B, 1C... chemical heat storage device, 2... chemical heat storage material, 3... reactor, 31a, 31b, 31c... opening, 32... heat exchange mechanism, 4... liquid holding part, 4a... funnel-shaped structure, 5... Heat exchange section 51 Condensing section 51a Funnel-shaped structure 51b Partition plate 52 Evaporating section 6, 6a, 6b, 6c Communicating section C Container g1 Generated gas g2 Reactive gas L1, L2... pipes, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6... valves, W... reaction solution

Claims (5)

a reactor holding a chemical heat storage material therein;
a liquid holding part holding a reaction liquid used for the reaction of the chemical heat storage material;
A heat exchange unit that condenses or evaporates the reaction liquid,
The liquid holding section and the heat exchange section are provided separately, and
gas transfer between the reactor and the heat exchange section is due to a pressure differential;
A chemical heat storage device, wherein movement of the liquid between the heat exchanging portion and the liquid retaining portion is due to gravity. The heat exchange section independently includes a condensation section and an evaporation section,
2. The chemical heat storage device according to claim 1, wherein said condensing section, said liquid retaining section, and said evaporating section are connected in this order so as to cause mass transfer. The liquid holding section and the heat exchanging section are stacked in the direction of gravity, and are stacked so as to form the condenser section, the liquid holding section, and the evaporating section in this order from the top. 3. The chemical heat storage device according to 2. In a heat storage method for a chemical heat storage material that stores heat in a chemical heat storage material held inside a reactor,
a reaction step of reacting the chemical heat storage material;
a liquid holding step of holding a reaction liquid used for reaction of the chemical heat storage material;
and a heat exchange step of condensing or evaporating the reaction liquid,
The liquid retention step and the heat exchange step are performed separately,
gas transfer between the reaction step and the heat exchange step is due to a pressure difference;
A heat storage method using a chemical heat storage medium, wherein movement of the liquid between the heat exchange step and the liquid holding step is due to gravity. The heat exchange step independently includes a condensation step related to the reaction liquid and an evaporation step of the reaction liquid,
5. The heat storage method of the chemical heat storage material according to claim 4, wherein mass transfer is performed in the order of said condensation step, said liquid retention step, and said evaporation step.

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