JP2022101822A5 - - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for imaging and measuring the diameter of a cut end face of wood, which can image and measure the diameter of a lumber cut at a logging site, convert the diameter class display, and store and use it as measurement data.

At the forestry logging site, the cut wood is cut one by one and the point where the minimum value is seen from the circular end face is measured with a tape measure, etc., 14 cm or less is incremented by 1 cm, for example, 9 cm to 9.9 cm is "9 cm" diameter , Also, those exceeding 14 cm are in increments of 2 cm, for example, 14 cm to 15.9 cm are "14 cm" diameter classes, and the measurement data is recorded on the recording paper and directly on the cut circular end face of the measured wood.
As for the measurement data, the number and volume of wood aggregated for each diameter class are recorded on the delivery slip designated by each company, and the lumber and the delivery slip are delivered as a set to the customer.
The customer compares the actual lumber with the measurement data on the delivery note, sorts and stores the actual lumber by diameter class, and issues work instructions for each diameter class.

Conventionally, there have been known a processor device used to mechanize tree felling and tree building work for harvesting timber resources in forests and producing wood products, and a tree felling and tree building method using such a processor device. (See Patent Document 1).
This well-known technology is a processor device installed in a work vehicle having a movable arm, which holds felled lumber and cuts it into predetermined lengths. a gripping portion disposed in the body portion for gripping a piece of wood; a feeding portion for longitudinally feeding the piece of wood gripped by the gripping portion; a cutting portion for cutting the piece of wood at an adjacent end of the feeding portion; an imaging device that captures an image of a portion of the wood gripped by the gripping portion that extends from the gripping portion along the center line of the gripping portion along the axial direction of the wood in a direction away from a portion adjacent to the gripping portion; A display device arranged on the work vehicle for receiving and displaying image information of wood sent from the image pickup device, and information transmission means for transmitting the image information from the image pickup device to the display device.

In this way, the above-described processor device for felled wood can inspect defective portions of wood based on information captured by an imaging device from another direction in addition to visual observation by the operator. Moreover, it is possible to reliably cut only good parts of wood without defects to obtain wood products with high commercial value.
On the other hand, the present invention captures and measures the diameter of timber cut at the logging site, obtains measurement data that records the number and volume of timber aggregated for each diameter class on the delivery slip specified by each company, and sends the timber and the delivery slip to the customer. This is post-process work that can be handed over as a set.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-193096

The present invention accurately captures and measures the diameter of a timber cut at a logging site, excluding a portion that is not used for diameter measurement (hereinafter referred to as a "defective portion"), converts the diameter class display, and uses it as measurement data. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for imaging and measuring the diameter of a cut end surface of wood that can be preserved and used.

According to the method of the present invention for measuring the diameter of a cut end surface of wood, a camera is used to photograph the cut end cross section of each piece of felled wood and two light spots irradiated by an irradiation device attached to the camera , and image processing is performed to eliminate defective portions. Then, image processing is performed to determine the circular shape by setting a virtual contour in the captured image, the center of gravity is obtained from the circular shape subjected to the image processing, the minimum value of the circular shape centered on the center of gravity is obtained, and the minimum value of the circular shape is obtained. and the minimum value based on the two light spot distances . be.

The imaging and measuring device for the diameter of a cut end face of wood according to the present invention has a camera that captures the cut circular end face of each cut wood piece by piece, and two light spots attached to the camera that serve as measurement references in image processing. an irradiation device, an image processing device that removes defective portions from the image captured by the camera and determines a circular shape, and a calculation device that obtains the center of gravity from the captured image and obtains the minimum value of the circular shape centered on the center of gravity. , an actual measurement calculation device that calculates an actual measurement value by relative comparison between the minimum value of the circular shape and the minimum value based on the distance between the two light points, and a diameter class calculation device that calculates the diameter class value from the actual measurement value of the captured image. , a storage device for recording the total number and volume of wood for each diameter class, and a display device for displaying the calculation result of the diameter class.

The method and apparatus for imaging and measuring the diameter of a cut wood end surface of the present invention can accurately measure the diameter of a cut wood end surface with a small difference from the actual measurement value just by photographing the diameter, and can sort the diameter class. Can be saved and used.

FIG. 2 is a work flow diagram of the apparatus for imaging and measuring the diameter of a cut end surface of wood according to the present invention;

An embodiment of the apparatus for measuring the diameter of a cut end surface of wood according to the present invention will be described below.
The imaging and measuring device for the diameter of a cut end face of wood according to the present invention consists of a camera that captures the cut circular end face of each cut wood piece by piece, and a pair of cameras attached to the camera that irradiates light that serves as a measurement reference in image processing. an irradiation device, an image processing device that determines a circular shape by excluding defective portions from the image captured by the camera, and a calculation device that obtains the center of gravity from the captured image and obtains the minimum value of the circular shape centered on the center of gravity. , an actual measurement calculation device that calculates an actual measurement value by relative comparison between the minimum value of the circular shape and the minimum value based on the distance between the two light points, and a diameter class calculation device that calculates the diameter class value from the actual measurement value of the captured image. , a storage device for recording the total number and volume of wood for each diameter class, and a display device for displaying the calculation result of the diameter class.

The camera is a handy-type portable photographing device, which can be substituted with the camera function of a mobile phone, and has a data processing function and a data transmission function inside. It has an imaging measurement device that fixes at least one pair of irradiation devices that irradiate light that serves as a reference for measuring the diameter of the cut end surface of the wood to the camera, and the imaging measurement device is interlocked with the irradiation point of the light that serves as the reference. are imaged at the same time, and the diameter of the cut circular end face is measured by processing the image thus obtained.
Take a picture of the cut circular end of the wood from a certain distance away, convert the image into an actual measurement value inside the shooting device, upload the data to the cloud server as appropriate, and calculate the diameter class conversion of a PC etc. at a distant point. Download data to the device.

The image processing device performs image processing for determining a circular shape by excluding defective portions from the outline of the captured image captured by the camera. The measurement accuracy is greatly improved by calculating the diameter of the cut end surface of the wood after excluding defective portions through image analysis using machine learning.
The calculation device obtains the center of gravity from the circular shape image-processed by the image processing device, and obtains the minimum value of the circular shape centered on the center of gravity.
The irradiation device is provided with a pair of laser light emitting modules that irradiate light that serves as a measurement reference in image processing. The position of the irradiated light in the image is accurately determined by using both an image captured with light irradiation and an image captured without light irradiation, which serves as a reference for measuring the cut edge of the wood. The light used as a reference for measuring the diameter of the wood cut end surface is obtained by installing two laser light emitting modules so that the light is parallel, and the two light points reflected on the wood cut end surface of the measurement target are the light points of the measurement target. Maintaining a constant distance regardless of the distance from the cut edge of the wood provides a highly reliable standard for length.

The actual measurement calculation device obtains the actual measurement value by relative comparison between the minimum value of the circular shape and the minimum value based on the distance between the two light points, and the diameter class calculation device calculates the diameter class from the actual measurement value of the captured image. Calculate values.
The storage device records the number and volume of the calculation results sent from the calculation device for each diameter class.
The display device is a CRT or a monitor screen, and displays the calculation result of the diameter class.

By storing and managing the measured values in the cloud server, it is possible to transfer data between multiple workers (multiple shooting equipment and arithmetic processing units), and transfer data to customers for management materials and acceptance inspection Used for materials, etc.

Next, the operating operation of the method for measuring the diameter of the cut end surface of wood according to the present invention will be described with reference to (1) to (4) of FIG.
(1) Timbers felled in the forest are arranged in piles at a logging site in a flat, vacant land, and two light spots irradiated by an irradiation device such as a laser light emitting module attached to the camera and a cross section of the cut wood one by one with a camera. to shoot.
(2) By using both an image captured by irradiating two lights and an image captured without irradiating, which is a reference for measuring the cut edge of the wood, it is possible to determine the difference between the two lights in the image. The distance of the position is stored on the image and used as a measurement standard.
(3) Perform image processing to determine the circular shape from the contour of the captured image after excluding defective parts (cracks, knots, etc.) that should not be used for diameter measurement by image analysis (AI) using machine learning on the cut edge of the wood. .
(4) Obtain the center of gravity from the image-processed circular shape, obtain the minimum value of the circular shape centered on the center of gravity , obtain the measured value by relative comparison with the minimum value based on the two light spot distances, and measure. Record the measured value on the cross section of the wood.

The use of the measurement data will be explained in (5) to (12) of FIG. 1 below.
(5) Transport the measured lumber to the loading location on the truck and upload the measurement data of the captured image to the dedicated cloud server.
(6) Read the measured values written on the cross section of the lumber from the cloud for each truck loading operation, store the measured values in the reading device, display the measured values at the end of the truck loading operation, and compare them with the actual products loaded on the truck.
(7) Simultaneously with storing the measured values, the diameter class values are calculated on the reading device.
(8) Display the total number and volume of wood for each diameter class.
(9) Register the number and volume of trees , and write the diameter class value directly on the photographed trees. The diameter class value is processed in 1 cm increments for 14 cm or less, for example, 9 cm to 9.9 cm is "9 cm" diameter class, and for those exceeding 14 cm, 2 cm increments, for example, 14 cm to 15.9 cm is "14 cm" diameter class. is automatically converted.
(10) A reading device automatically performs predetermined totalization and calculation for each customer file, and registers them.
(11) Deliver lumber to the customer.
(12) The customer compares the actual product with the electronic record, sorts and stores the actual product by diameter class, and issues work instructions for each class.
In this way, the present invention can automate the diameter classification work at the logging site, and the customer can easily use the aggregated data as an electronic file.

Claims (5)

A camera is used to photograph the cut end cross section of each felled timber and the two light spots irradiated by the irradiation device attached to the camera. Defective parts are eliminated by image processing, and a virtual outline is set in the captured image to create a circular shape. Perform image processing for determination, obtain the center of gravity from the image-processed circular shape, obtain the minimum value of the circular shape centered on the center of gravity , and calculate the minimum value of the circular shape and the minimum value based on the distance between the two light points. , calculating the diameter class value from the measured value of the captured image, and recording the total number and volume for each diameter class. It has an imaging measurement device that fixes at least one pair of irradiation devices that irradiate light that serves as a reference for measuring the diameter of the cut end face of the wood to the camera, and the imaging measurement device is interlocked with the irradiation point of the light that serves as the reference. 2. A method for measuring the diameter of a cut end face of wood according to claim 1 , wherein the diameter of the cut circular end face is measured by simultaneously imaging and processing the obtained image. The light used as a reference for measuring the diameter of the wood cut end surface is obtained by installing two laser light emitting modules so that the light is parallel, and the two light points reflected on the wood cut end surface of the measurement target are the light points of the measurement target. 3. The method of imaging and measuring the diameter of a cut end face of wood according to claim 2 , wherein a constant interval is maintained regardless of the distance from the cut end face of the wood, thereby providing a highly reliable reference for the length. In the imaging measurement of the wood cut end surface, by using both an image captured by irradiating light as a reference for measuring the wood cut end surface and an image captured without irradiation for processing, 3. The method for imaging and measuring the diameter of a cut wood surface according to claim 2 , wherein the position of the light is accurately determined. A camera that captures the circular end faces of cut wood one by one, an irradiation device attached to the camera that displays two light spots that serve as measurement standards in image processing, and defects from images captured by the camera. An image processing device that eliminates a portion and determines a circular shape, a calculation device that obtains the center of gravity from the captured image and obtains the minimum value of the circular shape centered on the center of gravity, the minimum value of the circular shape and the distance between two light points A measurement calculation device that obtains the actual measurement value by relative comparison with the minimum value based on the above, a diameter class calculation device that calculates the diameter class value from the actual measurement value of the captured image, and records the number and volume of wood aggregated for each diameter class. and a display device for displaying the calculation result of the diameter class.