JP2022073684A - Washer and fastening structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To suppress loosening of a fastening member.SOLUTION: In a fastening structure 10, a front-side surface 20A of a washer 20 is pressed by a nut 18, and a fastening plate 16 is held between a rear-side surface 20B of the washer 20 and a mounting plate 12. Here, a deformation recessed portion 20C is formed on an inner peripheral-side part of the rear-side surface 20B of the washer 20, the deformation recessed portion 20C is opened to an inner peripheral side of the washer 20, and a front side is elastically deformed by the nut 18 by the deformation recessed portion 20C of the washer 20. Thus loosening of the nut 18 can be suppressed by reaction force of the washer 20.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a washer in which a second fastening object is sandwiched between the first fastening object and a fastening structure including the washer.

In the lock washer described in Patent Document 1 below, the nut presses the front side surface, and the mounting object is sandwiched between the back side surface and the mounted member, so that the mounted member and the mounted object are fastened to each other. ..

Here, in such a lock washer, it is preferable that the nut can be prevented from rotating and loosening, particularly when it vibrates.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2020-143781

In consideration of the above facts, an object of the present invention is to obtain a washer capable of suppressing loosening of the fastening member and a fastening structure provided with the washer.

In the washer of the first aspect of the present invention, the second fastening object is sandwiched between the front surface surface pressed by the fastening member and the first fastening object, and the first fastening object and the second fastening object are fastened. The back side surface is provided on the inner peripheral side portion of the back side surface, and is provided with a deformed recess that is opened to the inner peripheral side and the front side is elastically deformed by the fastening member.

In the washer of the second aspect of the present invention, the deformed recess is provided in the entire circumferential direction in the washer of the first aspect of the present invention.

In the washer of the third aspect of the present invention, in the washer of the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, the deformed recess is arranged from the fastening member to the outer peripheral side.

The washer according to the fourth aspect of the present invention includes a restraining recess provided on the outer peripheral side portion of the back surface of the washer according to any one of the first to third aspects of the present invention.

In the washer of the fifth aspect of the present invention, the restraining recess is extended in the washer of the fourth aspect of the present invention.

In the washer of the sixth aspect of the present invention, the plurality of the restraining recesses are connected in the washer of the fourth aspect or the fifth aspect of the present invention.

The washer according to the seventh aspect of the present invention is the washer according to any one of the fourth to sixth aspects of the present invention, in which a plurality of the restraining recesses are provided on the circumferential direction side.

The washer according to the eighth aspect of the present invention is the washer according to any one of the fourth to seventh aspects of the present invention, in which a plurality of the restraining recesses are provided on the radial side.

In the washer according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the fourth to eighth aspects of the present invention, the depth dimensions of the plurality of restraining recesses are different from each other.

In the washer according to the tenth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the fourth to ninth aspects of the present invention, the side surface of the restraining recess is inclined with respect to the axial direction.

The fastening structure according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention includes a washer provided on the inner peripheral side portion of the back surface and having a deformed recess opened to the inner peripheral side, a fastening member for pressing the front surface of the washer, and the above-mentioned fastening member. The first fastening target arranged on the back side surface side of the washer is sandwiched between the back side surface and the first fastening target and fastened to the first fastening target, and from the deformed recess of the washer. A second fastening object whose front side is elastically deformed by the fastening member is provided.

In the washer of the first aspect of the present invention, the fastening member presses the front surface surface, and the second fastening object is sandwiched between the back surface surface and the first fastening object, so that the first fastening object and the second fastening object are formed. Is concluded.

Here, in the washer, a deformable recess is provided on the inner peripheral side portion of the back surface, and the deformable recess is opened on the inner peripheral side, and the front side of the deformed recess is elastically deformed by the fastening member. Therefore, loosening of the fastening member can be suppressed by the reaction force of the washer.

In the washer of the second aspect of the present invention, the deformable recess is provided in the entire circumferential direction. Therefore, the front side of the deformed recess of the washer can be effectively elastically deformed by the fastening member, and the reaction force of the washer can be increased.

In the washer of the third aspect of the present invention, the deformed recess is arranged from the fastening member to the outer peripheral side. Therefore, the front side of the deformed recess of the washer can be effectively elastically deformed by the fastening member, and the reaction force of the washer can be increased.

In the washer of the fourth aspect of the present invention, a restraining recess is provided on the outer peripheral side portion of the back surface. Therefore, the rotation of the washer can be suppressed.

In the washer of the fifth aspect of the present invention, the restraining recess is stretched. Therefore, the rotation of the washer can be effectively suppressed.

In the washer of the sixth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of restraining recesses are connected. Therefore, the rotation of the washer can be effectively suppressed.

In the washer of the seventh aspect of the present invention, a plurality of restraining recesses are provided on the circumferential direction side. Therefore, the rotation of the washer can be effectively suppressed.

In the washer of the eighth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of restraining recesses are provided on the radial side. Therefore, the rotation of the washer can be effectively suppressed.

In the washer of the ninth aspect of the present invention, the depth dimensions of the plurality of restraining recesses are different from each other. Therefore, the rotation of the washer can be effectively suppressed.

In the washer of the tenth aspect of the present invention, the side surface of the restraining recess is inclined with respect to the axial direction. Therefore, the rotation of the washer can be effectively suppressed.

In the fastening structure according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the fastening member presses the front surface surface of the washer, and the second fastening object is sandwiched between the back surface surface of the washer and the first fastening object to form the first fastening object. The second fastening target is fastened.

Here, in the washer, a deformable recess is provided on the inner peripheral side portion of the back surface, and the deformable recess is opened on the inner peripheral side, and the front side of the deformed recess is elastically deformed by the fastening member. Therefore, loosening of the fastening member can be suppressed by the reaction force of the washer.

It is sectional drawing which shows the fastening structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A) and (B) are views showing a washer of the first embodiment of the present invention, (A) is a back view, and (B) is a sectional view. (A) and (B) are views showing the washer of the second embodiment of the present invention, (A) is a back view, and (B) is a sectional view. (A) to (C) are views showing the washer of the third embodiment of the present invention, (A) is a back view, (B) is a sectional view, and (C) is an enlarged view. It is a cross-sectional view. (A) and (B) are views which show the washer of the 4th Embodiment of this invention, (A) is a back view, and (B) is a sectional view.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the fastening structure 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, one side of the fastening structure 10 is indicated by an arrow A, and the other side of the fastening structure 10 is indicated by an arrow B.

As shown in FIG. 1, the fastening structure 10 according to the present embodiment is provided with a plate-shaped mounting plate 12 as a first fastening target, and the mounting plate 12 is, for example, various machines (moving means such as an automobile). Is installed in). Further, a circular mounting hole 12A as a first hole is formed through the mounting plate 12.

The mounting plate 12 is provided with a bolt 14 as a fastening partner. A disk-shaped or polygonal plate-shaped head 14A as a pressing portion is coaxially provided on the other side of the bolt 14, and the head 14A is fixed (for example, welded) to the other side of the mounting plate 12. At the same time, it is arranged coaxially with the mounting hole 12A of the mounting plate 12. A substantially columnar leg portion 14B is coaxially provided on one side of the bolt 14, and the leg portion 14B extends from the head portion 14A to one side and penetrates and fits into the mounting hole 12A. ing. Further, a male screw 14C is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the leg portion 14B.

A plate-shaped fastening plate 16 as a second fastening target is provided on one side of the mounting plate 12. A circular fastening hole 16A as a second hole is formed through the fastening plate 16, and the fastening hole 16A is arranged coaxially with the mounting hole 12A of the mounting plate 12, and the leg portion of the bolt 14 is formed. 14B is penetrated and fitted.

A cylindrical nut 18 as a fastening member is provided on one side of the fastening plate 16. The outer circumference of the nut 18 has a polygonal shape, and a female screw (not shown) is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the nut 18. The female screw is screwed with the male screw 14C of the bolt 14 (leg portion 14B), and the leg portion 14B is penetrated in the nut 18.

A washer 20 (washer) having a substantially annular plate shape is provided between the fastening plate 16 and the nut 18, and the leg portion 14B of the bolt 14 is penetrated and fitted in the washer 20. One side surface and the other side surface of the washer 20 are formed on the front side surface 20A and the back side surface 20B, respectively, and the front side surface 20A and the back side surface 20B are arranged on the nut 18 side and the fastening plate 16 side, respectively. As described above, the male screw 14C of the bolt 14 and the female screw of the nut 18 are screwed together, and the mounting plate 12, the fastening plate 16 and the washer 20 are sandwiched between the head 14A of the bolt 14 and the nut 18. The mounting plate 12 and the fastening plate 16 are fastened to each other, and the front side surface 20A of the washer 20 is pressed to the other side by the nut 18, and the fastening plate 16 is between the back side surface 20B of the washer 20 and the mounting plate 12. Is sandwiched.

As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, an annular plate-shaped deformed recess 20C is coaxially formed on the inner peripheral side portion of the back side surface 20B of the washer 20, and the deformed recess 20C is formed. It is arranged in the entire circumferential direction of the washer 20. The deformed recess 20C is open to the inner peripheral side of the washer 20 in the entire circumferential direction of the washer 20, and the outer periphery of the deformed recess 20C is the nut 18 (with the washer 20 of the nut 18) in the entire circumferential direction of the washer 20. It is arranged on the inner peripheral side of the outer circumference of the contact portion).

A groove-shaped restraining recess 20D having a rectangular cross section is formed on the outer peripheral side portion of the back side surface 20B of the washer 20, and the restraining recess 20D is extended in the radial direction of the washer 20 and both ends in the longitudinal direction are washers. It is open to the outer peripheral side and the inner peripheral side (deformed recess 20C side) of 20. A plurality of restraining recesses 20D are arranged in the circumferential direction of the washer 20, and the plurality of restraining recesses 20D are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the washer 20.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

In the fastening structure 10 having the above configuration, the mounting plate 12 and the fastening plate 16 are fastened by the bolt 14 and the nut 18, and the front side surface 20A of the washer 20 is pressed to the other side by the nut 18 to the back side of the washer 20. The fastening plate 16 is sandwiched between the surface 20B and the mounting plate 12.

Here, the deformed recess 20C is formed on the inner peripheral side portion of the back side surface 20B of the washer 20, and the deformed recess 20C is opened to the inner peripheral side of the washer 20, and the front side from the deformed recess 20C of the washer 20 is a nut. It is elastically deformed in a concave shape by 18. Therefore, due to the reaction force of the washer 20, between the washer 20 and the nut 18, between the bolt 14 (male screw 14C) and the nut 18 (female screw), between the washer 20 and the fastening plate 16, and mounting. The frictional force (pushing pressure) between the plate 12 and the fastening plate 16 can be increased. Moreover, the back side surface 20B of the washer 20 can reduce the contact area with the fastening plate 16 by the deformed recess 20C on the inner peripheral side, and the frictional force (pushing pressure) with respect to the fastening plate 16 can be increased on the outer peripheral side portion, and the washer 20 can be increased. Rotational resistance torque can be increased.

As a result, even when the machine on which the fastening structure 10 is installed vibrates, the rotation of the washer 20 and the nut 18 can be suppressed, and the loosening of the nut 18 can be suppressed. Moreover, it is possible to eliminate the need to use a conventional spring washer (spring washer) bent in a spiral shape, and it is possible to reduce the parts price and the assembly cost.

Further, the deformed recess 20C is formed in the entire circumferential direction of the washer 20, and is arranged from the outer peripheral side of the nut 18 to the outer peripheral side in the entire circumferential direction of the washer 20. Therefore, the front side of the deformed recess 20C of the washer 20 can be effectively elastically deformed in a concave shape by the nut 18, the reaction force of the washer 20 can be increased, the rotation of the washer 20 and the nut 18 can be effectively suppressed, and the nut can be suppressed. The loosening of 18 can be effectively suppressed.

Further, a restraining recess 20D is formed on the outer peripheral side portion of the back side surface 20B of the washer 20. Therefore, the corner portion between the restraining recess 20D and the back side surface 20B can bite into the fastening plate 16, the frictional force of the back side surface 20B with respect to the fastening plate 16 can be further increased, and the washer 20 and the nut 18 rotate. Can be further suppressed, and loosening of the nut 18 can be further suppressed.

Further, the restraining recesses 20D are stretched in the radial direction of the washer 20 and are formed in a plurality in the circumferential direction of the washer 20. Therefore, the frictional force of the back side surface 20B of the washer 20 with respect to the fastening plate 16 can be further increased, the rotation of the washer 20 and the nut 18 can be further suppressed, and the loosening of the nut 18 can be further suppressed.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 3A shows the washer 20 of the fastening structure 30 according to the second embodiment of the present invention in a back view, and FIG. 3B shows the washer 20 in a cross-sectional view. Has been done.

The fastening structure 30 according to the present embodiment has substantially the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but differs in the following points.

As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, in the fastening structure 30 according to the present embodiment, a plurality of restraining recesses 20D are formed in a net shape on the outer peripheral side portion of the back side surface 20B of the washer 20. The restraining recess 20D of the group (hereinafter referred to as "suppressing recess 20D1") and the restraining recess 20D of the second group (hereinafter referred to as "suppressing recess 20D2") are respectively extended in the same direction. The restraining recesses 20D1 of the first group are arranged at equal intervals from each other, and the suppressing recesses 20D2 of the second group are arranged at equal intervals with each other. The spacing between the restraining recesses 20D2 is the same. The restraint recess 20D1 of the first group and the restraint recess 20D2 of the second group intersect each other (orthogonally in the present embodiment) and communicate with each other, and both ends of the restraint recess 20D in the longitudinal direction are on the outer peripheral side or the inside of the washer 20. It is open to the peripheral side (deformed recess 20C side).

Here, also in this embodiment, the same actions and effects as those in the first embodiment can be obtained.

In particular, in the outer peripheral side portion of the back side surface 20B of the washer 20, a plurality of restraining recesses 20D are stretched and formed on the radial side and the circumferential direction side of the washer 20. Therefore, the frictional force of the back side surface 20B of the washer 20 with respect to the fastening plate 16 can be further increased, the rotation of the washer 20 and the nut 18 can be further suppressed, and the loosening of the nut 18 can be further suppressed.

Further, the restraining recess 20D and the restraining recess 20D intersect each other and communicate with each other. Therefore, the corner portion between the restraining recess 20D and the back side surface 20B of the restraining recess 20D at the intersection of the restraining recess 20D and the restraining recess 20D can effectively bite into the fastening plate 16, and the fastening plate 16 of the back side surface 20B can be effectively engaged. The frictional force against the wheel can be further increased, the rotation of the washer 20 and the nut 18 can be further suppressed, and the loosening of the nut 18 can be further suppressed.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 4A shows a washer 20 of the fastening structure 40 according to the third embodiment of the present invention in a back view. Further, FIG. 4B shows the washer 20 in a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 4C shows the washer 20 in an enlarged cross-sectional view.

The fastening structure 40 according to the present embodiment has substantially the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but differs in the following points.

As shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C, in the fastening structure 40 according to the present embodiment, a pair of annular restraining recesses 20D are coaxially formed on the outer peripheral side portion of the back side surface 20B of the washer 20. The restraining recess 20D is extended in the circumferential direction of the washer 20 in the entire circumferential direction of the washer 20. The restraining recess 20D has a trapezoidal cross section, and both sides of the restraining recess 20D are inclined with respect to the axial direction of the washer 20, and the dimension (width dimension) in the radial direction of the washer 20 increases toward the front side of the washer 20. It has been made smaller. Further, the restraining recess 20D on the outer peripheral side of the washer 20 has a larger dimension (depth dimension) in the washer 20 axial direction than the restraining recess 20D on the inner peripheral side of the washer 20.

Here, also in this embodiment, the same actions and effects as those in the first embodiment can be obtained.

In particular, in the outer peripheral side portion of the back side surface 20B of the washer 20, a plurality of restraining recesses 20D are formed in the radial direction of the washer 20 while being extended in the circumferential direction of the washer 20. Therefore, the frictional force of the back side surface 20B of the washer 20 with respect to the fastening plate 16 can be further increased, the rotation of the washer 20 and the nut 18 can be further suppressed, and the loosening of the nut 18 can be further suppressed.

Further, both side surfaces of the restraining recess 20D are inclined with respect to the axial direction of the washer 20, and the restraining recess 20D on the outer peripheral side of the washer 20 is dimensioned in the axial direction of the washer 20 as compared with the restraining recess 20D on the inner peripheral side of the washer 20. Has been made larger. Therefore, the corner portion between the restraining recess 20D and the back side surface 20B can effectively bite into the fastening plate 16, and the frictional force of the back side surface 20B with respect to the fastening plate 16 can be further increased, and the washer 20 and the nut can be further increased. The rotation of the nut 18 can be further suppressed, and the loosening of the nut 18 can be further suppressed.

In this embodiment, the restraining recess 20D on the outer peripheral side of the washer 20 has a larger dimension in the washer 20 axial direction than the restraining recess 20D on the inner peripheral side of the washer 20. However, the restraining recess 20D on the inner peripheral side of the washer 20 may be made larger in the axial direction of the washer 20 than the restraining recess 20D on the outer peripheral side of the washer 20.

[Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 5A shows the washer 20 of the fastening structure 50 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention in a back view, and FIG. 5B shows the washer 20 in a cross-sectional view. Has been done.

The fastening structure 50 according to the present embodiment has substantially the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, but differs in the following points.

As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, in the fastening structure 50 according to the present embodiment, a plurality of dimple-shaped restraining recesses 20D are formed on the outer peripheral side portion of the back side surface 20B of the washer 20. The peripheral surface of the restraining recess 20D is spherical, and the side surface of the restraining recess 20D is inclined with respect to the axial direction of the washer 20 on the entire circumference, and the radial dimension is reduced toward the front side of the washer 20. There is. The first group of restraining recesses 20D (hereinafter referred to as "suppressing recesses 20D3"), the second group of restraining recesses 20D (hereinafter referred to as "suppressing recesses 20D4") and the third group of restraining recesses 20D (hereinafter referred to as "suppressing recesses 20D5"). Are arranged at equal intervals from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side of the washer 20, and the restraint recesses 20D3 of the first group, the restraint recesses 20D4 of the second group, and the restraint recesses 20D5 of the third group are respectively. They are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of. The positions of the restraining recesses 20D3 of the first group and the restraining recesses 20D5 of the third group are the same in the circumferential direction of the washer 20. It is arranged at the center of the washer 20 in the circumferential direction between the restraining recesses 20D5 of the group.

Here, also in this embodiment, the same actions and effects as those in the first embodiment can be obtained.

In particular, in the outer peripheral side portion of the back side surface 20B of the washer 20, a plurality of restraining recesses 20D are formed on the radial side and the circumferential direction side of the washer 20. Therefore, the frictional force of the back side surface 20B of the washer 20 with respect to the fastening plate 16 can be further increased, the rotation of the washer 20 and the nut 18 can be further suppressed, and the loosening of the nut 18 can be further suppressed.

Further, the side surface of the restraining recess 20D is inclined with respect to the axial direction of the washer 20 on the entire circumference. Therefore, the corner portion between the restraining recess 20D and the back side surface 20B can effectively bite into the fastening plate 16, and the frictional force of the back side surface 20B with respect to the fastening plate 16 can be further increased, and the washer 20 and the nut can be further increased. The rotation of the nut 18 can be further suppressed, and the loosening of the nut 18 can be further suppressed.

In the first to fourth embodiments, the washer 20 is sandwiched between the nut 18 and the fastening plate 16. However, the washer 20 may be sandwiched between the head portion 14A of the bolt 14 (fastening member) and the mounting plate 12 (second fastening target).

10 Fastening structure 12 Mounting plate (1st fastening target)
16 Fastening plate (second fastening target)
18 Nut (fastening member)
20 Washer 20A Front side surface 20B Back side surface 20C Deformation recess 20D Suppression recess 30 Fastening structure 40 Fastening structure 50 Fastening structure

Claims (11)

The front side surface pressed by the fastening member and
The back surface where the second fastening target is sandwiched between the first fastening target and the first fastening target and the second fastening target are fastened.
A deformed recess provided on the inner peripheral side portion of the back surface, opened to the inner peripheral side, and the front side is elastically deformed by the fastening member.
A washer equipped with. The washer according to claim 1, wherein the deformed recess is provided in the entire circumferential direction. The washer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the deformed recess is arranged from the fastening member to the outer peripheral side. The washer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a restraining recess provided on the outer peripheral side portion of the back surface. The washer according to claim 4, wherein the restraining recess is stretched. The washer according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the plurality of restraining recesses are connected. The washer according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein a plurality of the restraining recesses are provided on the circumferential direction side. The washer according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein a plurality of the restraining recesses are provided on the radial side. The washer according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the depth dimensions of the plurality of restraining recesses are different from each other. The washer according to any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein the side surface of the restraining recess is inclined with respect to the axial direction. A washer that is provided on the inner peripheral side of the back surface and has a deformed recess that is open to the inner peripheral side.
A fastening member that presses the front side surface of the washer,
The first fastening target arranged on the back side surface side of the washer,
A second fastening target that is sandwiched between the back surface and the first fastening target and is fastened to the first fastening target, and the front side of the washer is elastically deformed by the fastening member from the deformed recess.
Fastening structure.

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