JP2011231860A - Washer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a washer which can enhance a corotation preventing effect.SOLUTION: The washer 10 is composed of a flat plate provided with a bolt inserted hole 11 in its center and has on surface coming into contact with a fastener a recessed portion 14 which comprises a plurality of linear shapes or curvilinear shapes, a plane portion 16 which is formed so as to cut off the recessed portion, and a protuberance 15 which is formed on end and both sides of the recessed portion. Thereby, a nonslip effect becomes higher and the corotation preventing effect can be enhanced because sense of the protuberance can be made in multi directions. Moreover, it is possible to form a plane portion as annulus or quadrangle with the recessed portion spaced apart from each other as predetermined.

Description

  The present invention relates to a washer having a high effect of preventing co-rotation with bolts and nuts.

  There are various types of washers, including round and square flat washers, counter washers, spring washers, and toothed washers. There is an effect that the effect and the fastening force are applied equally.

  Here, in order to securely join the steel structure in the building using the bolt and the nut, it is necessary that the washer does not rotate when the nut is tightened. However, in an actual construction site, when a washer is clamped between a nut and a fastener, the nut and the washer may stick together and rotate so-called together. When the joint rotation occurs, the fastening force generally becomes low. Therefore, the bolt, the nut, and the washer may be replaced and the tightening operation may be performed again. If it does so, construction will take extra time and a construction period will be extended. In addition, due to the co-rotation, a loud noise is generated between the washer and the fastener, which may cause deterioration of the on-site environment and noise.

  Therefore, the surface of the washer that comes into contact with the fastener (hereinafter referred to as “fastening contact surface”) has a higher coefficient of friction and the surface that contacts the opposite nut (hereinafter referred to as “seat contact surface”). )), By lowering the coefficient of friction, only a nut slips and rotates when tightening, and a washer may be used that suppresses co-rotation. As such a washer, conventionally, as described in, for example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-144883), recesses are provided on the fastener contact surface so as to be separated from each other, and around the recesses A washer has been proposed in which a convex portion is formed on the surface and the height of the convex portion from the fastener contact surface is 20 to 50 μm.

  6A and 6B are diagrams showing a conventional washer, wherein FIG. 6A is a plan view of a fastener contact surface, and FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view. In the case of the washer 20 having such a fastener contact surface 13, when the nut is tightened, the convex portion 15 of the fastener contact surface 13 plays a role of preventing slippage with respect to the fastener. On the other hand, since the seating surface contact surface 12 is not uneven, the friction coefficient between the nut and the seating surface contact surface 12 is the natural friction coefficient of the steel plate that is inherently present, and the fastener contact surface 13. Is less than the friction coefficient. Therefore, slipping is unlikely to occur between the washer 20 and the fastening object, and slipping is generated between the washer 20 and the nut. Therefore, it is possible to suppress co-rotation and improve tightening reliability. When the tightening progresses and the completion of the fastening becomes close, the convex portion 15 of the fastening object contact surface 13 is crushed by applying a large force, and the crushed convex portion 15 flows into the concave portion 14. Furthermore, when the fastening is completed, almost the entire surface of the fastening object contact surface 13 is in contact with the fastening object, so that the reduction in fastening force over time is reduced. That is, the looseness that occurs in the fastening portion over time is small, and a highly reliable fastening that can prevent loosening over a long period of time is possible.

JP 2009-144883 A

  Here, the recessed part and the convex part provided on the fastening object contact surface of the washer described in Patent Document 1 are formed only by linear shapes parallel to each other. However, in order for the washer not to rotate together, it is necessary to resist the rotational force caused by tightening the nut on the contact surface of the fastening object. Instead, it is desirable to face in multiple directions because it has a higher anti-slip effect.

  Therefore, in view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a washer that enhances the effect of preventing co-rotation by changing the direction of the convex portion provided on the fastener contact surface to multiple directions.

  The washer of the present invention is a washer made of a flat plate having a bolt insertion hole in the center, and is formed on the surface that comes into contact with the fastener of the washer so as to divide the concave portion and the concave portion having a plurality of linear shapes or curved shapes. And a convex portion formed on the end portion and both side portions of the concave portion.

  Here, the concave portion may be provided in a radial direction from the center position of the bolt insertion hole, and the flat portion may be provided in an annular shape having a diameter larger than the diameter of the bolt insertion hole and smaller than the outer diameter of the washer.

  Also, a washer made of a flat plate having a bolt insertion hole in the center, formed on the surface of the washer that comes into contact with the fastener, in a rectangular shape and arranged around the recess with a predetermined distance from each other. And a convex portion. Here, it is preferable that the shape of the concave portion is a rhombus having all inner angles of 30 ° or more.

  According to the washer of the present invention, since the direction of the convex portion provided on the fastening object contact surface of the washer can be multidirectional, the anti-slip effect is enhanced and the effect of preventing co-rotation with a nut or the like is enhanced. It is possible to achieve an excellent effect of being able to.

It is a figure which shows the washer of Example 1 of this invention, (a) is a top view of a fastener contact surface, (b) is AA sectional drawing, (c) is an enlarged view of a fastener contact surface, (d ) Is a plan view of a strain relief die. It is a figure which shows the manufacturing method of a washer, (a) is a figure which punches out a steel plate with a punch, (b) is sectional drawing of the stamped washer. It is a figure which shows the method of the distortion removal of a washer, (a) is a figure which shows the structure of distortion removal, (b) is sectional drawing of the washer which performed distortion removal. It is a figure which shows the washer of Example 2 of this invention which provided the flat part in the cross shape, (a) is a top view of the fastener contact surface which provided the flat part in the same direction as the direction of a recessed part, and a perpendicular direction, (b ) Is a plan view of a fastener contact surface provided with a flat portion obliquely with respect to the direction of the recess, and (c) is a plan view of a fastener contact surface provided with a flat portion in a cross shape with respect to the radial recess. It is a figure which shows the washer of Example 3 of this invention, (a) is a top view of a fastener contact surface, (b) is an enlarged view of a recessed part, (c) is a top view of the distortion removal die which forms the said washer It is. It is a figure which shows the conventional washer, (a) is a top view of a fastening object contact surface, (b) is sectional drawing.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1A and 1B are views showing a washer according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a plan view of a fastener contact surface, FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA, and FIG. FIG. 4D is a plan view of the strain relief die. As described above, the washer 10 according to the first embodiment has the concave portion 14, the convex portion 15, and the annular flat portion 16 on the fastener contact surface 13.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the recess 14 is formed by a plurality of straight lines parallel to each other. Further, as shown in FIG. 1B, the convex portion 15 is formed on both side portions of the concave portion 14. This is because the concave portion 14 is formed by pressing the convex portion of the strain relief die 140 as shown in FIG. 1 (d) against the fastener contact surface 13, and as a result, the convex portion 15 is surrounded by the periphery of the concave portion 14. It is because it is formed to rise. Here, the height of the convex portion 15 from the fastener contact surface 13 is about 20 to 50 μm as in the conventional case.

  FIG. 1 (c) is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the boundary between the flat portion 16 and the concave portion 14 of the fastener contact surface 13, and the hatched portion, that is, only the both side portions of the concave portion 14. A convex portion 15 is also formed at the end of the concave portion 14. As described above, when the flat portion 16 is provided so as to divide the linear concave portion 14, the concave portion 14 is interrupted by the flat portion 16, so that an end portion is formed in the concave portion 14. That is, by providing the flat portion 16, the convex portion 15 is formed at the end portion of the concave portion 14.

  FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing a method for manufacturing a washer, wherein FIG. 2A is a view in which a steel plate is punched with a punch, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the punched washer. The washer 10 is formed by punching the steel plate 100 between a punch 110 and a die 120. A bolt insertion hole 11 is previously drilled in the steel plate 100, and the punched washer 10 has a concave curved shape on the punch 110 side as shown in FIG.

  Next, the washer 10 having such a curved shape is strained. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing a method of removing the washer, wherein FIG. 3A is a diagram showing a configuration of removing the strain, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the washer that has been subjected to strain removal. As shown in FIG. 3A, the punched washer 10 is turned over and placed on the strain relief die 140, and the punch 130 is lowered from above to correct the curvature of the washer 10. At the same time, the chamfer 11 a of the inner peripheral end on the upper surface side of the bolt insertion hole 11 is performed by the inclined surface 131 at the tip of the punch 130. At this time, the concave portion 14, the convex portion 15, and the flat portion 16 are formed on the fastener contact surface 13 of the washer 10 by the concave / convex pattern 141 provided in advance on the surface of the strain relief die 140. Note that a portion not in contact with the strain relief die 140 becomes the flat portion 16. Further, depending on the shape of the concave / convex pattern 141, the shape of the concave portion 14 of the washer 10 can be curved or radial.

  Here, when the concave / convex pattern 141 of the strain relief die 140 is as shown in FIG. 1D, the diameter is larger than the straight concave portions 14 and convex portions 15 and the bolt insertion holes 11 as shown in FIG. The flat portion 16 is formed in an annular shape having a diameter that is larger than the outer diameter of the washer 10. In FIG. 1, the flat portion 16 is formed so as to divide the linear concave portion 14 into an annular inner side and an outer side, so that an end portion of the concave portion 14 is formed, and the convex portion 15 is formed on the concave portion 14. It is formed not only in the direction along but also at the end of the recess 14. In addition, when the flat part 16 is provided concentrically with the washer 10 in this manner, the washer 10 comes into contact with the fastening object almost evenly. Therefore, the frictional force and fastening force of the fastening object contact surface 13 are increased. It can work evenly.

  The width of the flat portion 16 is arbitrary, but if it is too thin, the end portions of the concave portions 14 are close to each other, so that the convex portions 15 are too close. On the other hand, if it is too thick, the area of the flat portion 16 becomes large, and the convex portions 15 formed on both sides of the concave portion 14 become short. Further, since the concave washer 14 and the convex portion 15 are formed by pressing the curved washer 10 against the strain relief die 140, the portion closer to the outer periphery of the washer 10 is more strongly in contact with the strain relief die 140 and the concave portion 14. And the convex portion 15 tends to be clearly formed. That is, it is necessary to determine the width and position of the flat portion 16 in consideration of the balance of the washer 10 so that the convex portion 15 is not formed only in the portion close to the bolt insertion hole 11.

  FIG. 4 is a view showing the washer of the second embodiment of the present invention in which a flat portion is provided on the cross, (a) is a plane of the fastener contact surface provided with the flat portion in the same direction and at a right angle as the direction of the recess. FIG. 4B is a plan view of a fastener contact surface provided with a flat portion obliquely with respect to the direction of the recess, and FIG. 5C is a plane of the fastener contact surface provided with a flat portion in a cross shape with respect to the radial recess. FIG. In the second embodiment, a cross-shaped flat portion 16 centering on the bolt insertion hole 11 is provided on the fastener contact surface 13 of the washer 10 as shown in the drawing. By forming the cross shape, the concave portion 14 and the convex portion 15 are divided into four shapes, and the washer 10 comes into contact with the fastener almost evenly. Therefore, the frictional force and fastening force of the fastener contact surface 13 can be increased. It is possible to act almost evenly. The method of punching the washer 10, removing the strain, and forming the recess 14 and the like is the same as in the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, when the direction of the concave portion 14 and the vertical image of the crossed character are the same, the shape of the concave portion 14 is divided by the horizontal image of the crossed character. A convex portion 15 is formed. Also, as shown in FIG. 4B, when a cross shape is provided obliquely with respect to the direction of the concave portion 14, the concave portion 14 has a shape that is divided in an oblique direction, and many convex portions 15 are formed. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4C, when the concave portions 14 are made radial, it is possible to resist the force in the rotational direction with a good balance.

  The width and angle of the cross-shaped shape shown here are only examples, and many other variations are conceivable depending on the shape of the recess 14 and the width and angle of the cross-shaped shape corresponding thereto. The concave portion 14 may be not only linear but also curved.

  5A and 5B are diagrams showing a washer according to a third embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 5A is a plan view of a fastener contact surface, FIG. 5B is an enlarged view of a recess, and FIG. 5C is a strain relief that forms the washer. It is a top view of dice. The third embodiment has a concave portion 14 that is square and aligned with the fastener contact surface 13 of the washer 10 at a predetermined interval, and a convex portion 15 that is formed around the concave portion 14. Since the convex part 15 is provided uniformly over the whole fastening object contact surface 13, the washer 10 contacts the fastening object substantially evenly, and the frictional force and fastening force of the fastening object contact surface 13 are substantially uniform. Can act. The methods for punching the washer 10, removing the strain, and forming the recesses 14 are the same as in the first and second embodiments.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), the shape of the concave portion 14 formed on the fastener contact surface 13 is preferably a rhombus whose all internal angles α are 30 ° or more. That is, the acute angle of the rhombus is 30 ° to 90 °, and the obtuse angle is 90 ° to 150 °. As shown in FIG. 5 (b), the convex portion 15 is formed around the concave portion 14 when the internal angle α is set to 30 ° or more. However, when the internal angle α is set to 30 ° or less, the concave portion 14 is close to a straight line. This is because the rhombus is formed, and as a result, all the convex portions 15 attached to the concave portions 14 are directed in substantially the same direction, and it cannot be said that the convex portions 15 are directed in multiple directions. Here, since the convex portion 15 is formed around the hatched concave portion 14 in the figure, when the inner angle α is set to 30 ° or more, the convex portion 15 in four directions can be formed with respect to one concave portion 14. .

  As shown in FIG. 5C, the concave / convex pattern 141 provided on the strain relief die 140 may be provided with grooves that intersect each other at a constant angle α of 30 ° or more in a grid pattern. Then, since a desired rhombic convex portion is formed on the strain relief die 140, desired concave portions 14 and convex portions 15 can be formed on the fastener contact surface 13 of the washer 10.

  When the washer 10 having the fastener contact surface 13 of the present invention shown in Examples 1 to 3 and the conventional washer 20 shown in FIG. 6 were subjected to an evaluation test of rotational slip characteristics, the fastener contact surface 13 of the present invention was obtained. As a result, it was found that the washer 10 having a no-rotation does not cause co-rotation when the axial load of the bolt is about 10 to 30% smaller. That is, it can be said that the washer 10 of the present invention does not co-rotate at a stage where the tightening torque is small, so that the effect of preventing co-rotation is higher.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10,20 Washer 11 Bolt insertion hole 12 Seat surface contact surface 13 Fastening thing contact surface 14 Concave 15 Convex part 16 Flat part 140 Distortion die 141 Concave / convex pattern

Claims (5)

A washer made of a flat plate having a bolt insertion hole in the center,
On the surface that comes into contact with the fastener of the washer, a plurality of concave portions having a linear shape or a curved shape, a flat portion formed so as to divide the concave portion, and convex portions formed on end portions and both side portions of the concave portion. And a washer.   The washer according to claim 1, wherein the recess is provided in a radial direction from a center position of the bolt insertion hole.   The washer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flat portion is provided in an annular shape having a diameter larger than a diameter of the bolt insertion hole and smaller than an outer diameter of the washer. A washer made of a flat plate having a bolt insertion hole in the center,
A washer comprising a concave portion arranged in a quadrangular shape at a predetermined interval and a convex portion formed around the concave portion on a surface of the washer that comes into contact with a fastener.   The washer according to claim 4, wherein the shape of the recess is a rhombus having all inner angles of 30 ° or more.

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