JP2022049158A - Formwork for mat foundation, and construction method of mat foundation - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a formwork for a mat foundation and a construction method of a mat foundation in which a formwork can be simply formed just by human power, concrete installation to a foundation beam and a foundation slab can be done quickly to reduce a construction period, and there is no need to remove a formwork after concrete is solidified, to further reduce a construction period.SOLUTION: A formwork for a mat foundation comprises: a first concrete square columns 11 in which concrete raised bases with a constant height are formed at both sides of a top face substantial center one by one; second concrete square columns 12 in which the raised bases are formed at both sides of a top face substantial center two by two and at both sides of one end one by one; second plate-like bodies 22 with a prescribed width and height which are mounted so as to be perpendicular and parallel to each other on each of the two raised bases on each side of the substantial center of each of the adjacently disposed second concrete square columns 12; and first plate-like bodies 21 which are mounted on each of the top faces of the adjacently disposed first concrete square columns 11 and which are higher than the second plate-like bodies 22 just by a height of the raised base.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a factory-produced solid foundation formwork for constructing a solid foundation for a small-scale building by injecting concrete, and a solid foundation construction method for constructing a solid foundation with the formwork.

Generally, in the construction of small-scale buildings such as houses, the foundation is constructed from concrete, and the types are a solid foundation that supports the load of the house on the surface, a cloth foundation that supports the load of the house, and an independent foundation that is supported by points. There is a foundation. These foundations are constructed by cutting roots, laying split chestnut stones, placing concrete, reinforcing bars, casting wood or steel, placing concrete, removing the mold after curing, leveling, and backfilling the soil. Therefore, there is a problem that the number of man-hours is large and the construction period is long.
Therefore, we will produce a concrete formwork with reinforcing bars inside at the factory, install the formwork at the site, inject concrete into the hollow part, and backfill it as it is without removing the frame. A formwork for housing foundation work has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).
However, it is difficult to distribute the reinforcing material at the factory, and there is a risk that the concrete will be damaged during storage and transportation. Therefore, concrete base formwork, rising formwork, and various reinforcing bars are individually prepared at the factory, and at the site, joint members, formwork seats, and clampers that support the upper and lower parts of the formwork are used. Residential cloth foundations for placing concrete after mounting them have been proposed (see Patent Document 2).
In addition, the cross section is molded into an L shape with concrete, a nut is embedded in the inner wall surface, and the outer formwork formed by combining precast formwork with uneven surfaces in a wall shape and the rising streaks rising from the foundation face each other. Both types are arranged by screwing the inner formwork, which is a wall-shaped combination with a bolt search hole and an uneven surface on the inner wall surface of the precast formwork with an L-shaped cross section, by screwing with bolts and nuts. A cloth foundation method has also been proposed in which a cloth foundation can be constructed as it is by pouring concrete between the frames and solidifying it (see Patent Document 3).
According to this method, the construction period can be shortened and the assembly work is easy, and if the uneven surface is provided on the inner surface of the precast formwork, the adhesion to the concrete is strong and the strength of the foundation beam can be improved.

On the other hand, a solid foundation formwork is constructed using concrete blocks that are produced in advance at the factory, have a concrete filling space in the center, and have a connecting opening with an open bottom in the filling space, and work by on-site casting. A solid foundation block that saves time and effort has been proposed (see Patent Document 4).
In addition, the foundation beams of the cloth foundation or solid foundation of the building are made of precast concrete produced at the factory, and shaft bolts for connecting the upper and lower parts with connecting hardware are embedded near both ends, and the shaft bolts are used up and down. A PC foundation beam member in which reinforcing bars arranged in a plurality of directions are connected is also proposed (see Patent Document 5).

Japanese Patent No. 2968102 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-268569 Japanese Patent No. 461757 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-96792 Japanese Patent No. 37444922

However, the method described in Patent Document 2 is effective for standardized houses because it has a large number of parts produced at the factory and also produces reinforcing bars at the factory, but it is not suitable for houses designed individually. Cannot be applied to solid foundations. Further, in the method described in Patent Document 3, it is necessary to construct the base portion in advance, and it is necessary to wait for the concrete of the base portion to solidify before construction, which takes a long construction period and is used for a solid foundation. Not applicable.
Further, the concrete members described in Patent Documents 4 and 5 have reinforcing bars embedded therein and become foundation beams by themselves, and are blocked so that a solid foundation can be constructed by injecting concrete. Therefore, it is so heavy that it is difficult to build the formwork only by human power.
In view of this situation, the present invention can easily make a mold only by human power by using a factory-produced concrete square pillar or plate-shaped body that can be carried by human power, and concrete is cast on a foundation beam or foundation slab. Installation can be done at once and the construction period can be shortened. Furthermore, if a concrete plate is used as a plate-like body, there is no need to remove the mold even after the concrete has solidified, and the construction period can be further shortened, resulting in a high-quality foundation beam. It is an object of the present invention to provide a form for a solid foundation and a method for constructing a solid foundation.

The solid foundation form of the present invention is a factory-produced solid foundation form that forms the foundation beam of a solid foundation of a small-scale building by injecting concrete, and is in the direction in which the above-mentioned foundation beam is formed. A first concrete square pillar having a predetermined length of concrete square pillars arranged at orthogonal intervals and having a constant height on both sides near the center of the top surface, and a concrete square pillar having a constant height. A second concrete square pillar with two raised pedestals on each side near the center of the top surface, one on each side of one end, and two on one side near the center of each of the second concrete square pillars arranged adjacent to each other. A second plate-like body having a predetermined width and height, which is mounted vertically and in parallel on each of the raised pedestals, and the first concrete square pillars arranged adjacent to each other are mounted on the top surface of each of the second plates. The plate-shaped body is provided with the first plate-shaped body which is higher by the height of the raised platform, and the first concrete square pillar is provided at the place where the foundation beam is formed along the outer wall of the small-scale building. The first plate-shaped body is placed in parallel with the second plate-shaped body placed on the raised table, while the foundation beam is formed inside the small-scale building. By arranging the second concrete square pillar and mounting the second plate-like body in parallel on the raised platform, a foundation beam space and a foundation slab space for injecting concrete into the foundation beam are formed. It is a feature.
In that case, the third concrete prism having one raised table on one side near the center of the top surface and one raised table on both sides near the center of the top surface and one on one side are formed at one end. A fourth concrete prism formed on each side of the above is provided, and a third concrete prism is used as a foundation at a place where the foundation beam formed along the outer wall of the small-scale building forms a corner. Arranged in the direction in which one of the beams is formed, the place where the second plate-like body is orthogonal is placed on the raised platform, and the foundation beam formed inside the small-scale building is at the corner. As for the orthogonal points, the fourth concrete prism is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the foundation beam formed inside, and one place where the second plate-like body is orthogonal is formed on one side. Can be mounted on.
Further, the first plate-shaped body and the second plate-shaped body are a concrete plate formed by forming concrete into a plate shape or a steel plate formed by forming steel into a plate shape, and when the concrete of the solid foundation hardens, the said The steel plate is removed and the concrete plate can be left as part of the solid foundation.
In this way, it is possible to easily manually construct a solid foundation formwork using factory-produced concrete prisms and plate-like bodies. In addition, by providing a raised platform on the concrete square pillar, the concrete injected into the foundation beam space can flow out to the foundation slab space, so that both sides of the foundation beam formed inside a small-scale building and both sides of the foundation beam can be used. Foundation slabs are continuously formed on the inner side of the foundation beam formed along the outer wall, and concrete can be injected and placed into the foundation beam space and foundation slab space all at once, shortening the construction period.
Here, if the concrete block of a predetermined size is joined to a predetermined position on the top surface of the concrete prism, the efficiency of factory production can be improved and the flexibility to individual sites can be achieved. Improves compatibility and compatibility.
In addition, the first reinforcement that supports the first plate-shaped body by detachably slanting it between the upper part of the first plate-shaped body mounted on the first concrete prism and the end of the first concrete square pillar. One of the tools is detachably slanted between the upper part of the second plate-like body mounted on the second concrete prism and the raising table formed at the end of the second concrete prism. If a second reinforcing tool for supporting the second plate-like body is provided, the safety when injecting concrete into the foundation beam is improved.

In the solid foundation construction method of the present invention, a concrete square pillar of a predetermined length is formed on the top surface of a factory-produced formwork of a predetermined size on a ground work on the site and a moisture-proof sheet is laid. A solid foundation construction method for small-scale buildings, in which a solid foundation formwork is formed using a plate-shaped body having a predetermined width and height, and concrete is injected into the formwork to construct the formwork.
Along with the direction of forming the foundation beam along the outer wall of the small-scale building, the first concrete square pillars in which one raised platform is formed on both sides near the center of the top surface are arranged at predetermined intervals. Along the direction of forming the foundation beam inside the small-scale building, at predetermined intervals perpendicular to the direction, there are two raised pedestals on both sides near the center of the top surface, one of them. A predetermined width is provided for each of the first step of arranging the second concrete square pillars formed one by one on both sides of the end and the top surface of each of the first concrete square pillars arranged adjacent to each other at a predetermined distance from the raised table. And the first plate-shaped body having a height is vertically mounted, and the first reinforcing tool is slanted between the upper part of the first plate-shaped body and the end of the first concrete square pillar and fixed detachably. The second step of supporting the first plate-shaped body and the reinforcing bar connecting the first concrete square pillar are connected between the first plate-shaped body and the raising table, and the reinforcing bar connecting the second concrete square pillar is connected. The third step of arranging reinforcements inside the raising table and in the foundation slab space where the foundation slab is formed, and the above-mentioned first A second plate-shaped body, which is lower than the first plate-shaped body by the height of the raised table, is mounted in parallel with the first plate-shaped body, and the first plate-shaped body and the top of the second plate-shaped body are respectively. The fourth step of forming the foundation beam space along the outer wall of the small-scale building by connecting the above-mentioned top metal fittings, and the above-mentioned bulk formed in two places near the center of each of the above-mentioned second concrete square columns arranged adjacent to each other. The second plate-shaped body is mounted in parallel on each of the upper pedestals with the reinforcing bar interposed therebetween, and the raised pedestal formed on both sides of one upper portion of the second plate-shaped body and the end of the second concrete square pillar. The second reinforcing tool is slanted and fixed detachably between the two, and the tops of the second plate-shaped bodies are connected by the top metal fittings to form the foundation beam space inside the small-scale building. It is characterized by including 5 steps, and when concrete is injected into the foundation beam space, the concrete flows out from under the second plate-like body to form a part of the foundation slab.
Here, the concrete square beam is formed by forming a third concrete square beam in which the raising table is formed at one place on one side near the center, and the raising table is formed at one place on each side near the center of the top surface and one place on one side. It has a fourth concrete square pillar formed at one place on each side of one end, and the first step is at a place where the foundation beam formed along the outer wall of the small-scale building forms a corner. Places the third concrete square pillar in the direction in which one of the foundation beams is formed, and the fourth concrete is located at a place where the foundation beam formed inside the small-scale building is orthogonal to the corner. It is preferable to include a step of arranging the square pillar in a direction orthogonal to the foundation beam formed inside.
Further, in the fourth step, in the place where the foundation beam formed along the outer wall forms a corner, one place where the second plate-shaped body is orthogonal is formed on one side near the center of the third concrete prism. In the fifth step, the place where the foundation beam formed inside is orthogonal to the corner is the place where the second plate-like body is orthogonal to the fourth concrete prism. It is also preferable to include a step of mounting on the above-mentioned raised table formed at one place on one side near the center.
Further, the plate-shaped body includes a concrete plate formed by molding concrete into a plate shape or a steel plate formed by forming steel into a plate shape, and the first plate-shaped body of the second step, the fourth step and the fifth step of the above steps. When the second plate-like body is the steel plate, it is removed when the concrete of the solid foundation hardens, and in the case of the concrete plate, it can be left as a part of the solid foundation.
Then, the first reinforcing tool and the second reinforcing tool can be removed when the concrete of the solid foundation is hardened.
By doing so, it is possible to manually construct a solid foundation form using factory-produced concrete square pillars and plate-like bodies, and the concrete injected into the foundation beam space will also flow out into the foundation slab space. Injecting and placing concrete into foundation beams and foundation slabs can be done all at once, shortening the construction period. In addition, if a concrete plate is used as a plate-like body, even after the concrete of the solid foundation has solidified, the concrete plate is left as it is as a part of the foundation beam, which saves the trouble of demolding and the surface of the foundation beam. Since it is a factory-produced concrete plate, it is of high quality.

According to the present invention, a formwork for a cloth foundation and a formwork for a solid foundation of a small-scale building such as a house are used as a concrete square pillar and a PC plate or a steel plate which are produced in a factory and have no reinforcing bars or shaft bolts embedded therein. Can be built manually. In addition, since concrete can be injected and placed in the foundation beam and foundation slab at once, the number of times of placing by a pump truck can be reduced. In addition, when a PC board is used, it is not necessary to demold the concrete injected into the formwork after it is solidified, and it becomes a part of the cloth foundation or the solid foundation as it is, so that the construction period can be shortened. In addition, the factory-produced PC board serves as the surface of the foundation beam, resulting in a high-quality finish.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a solid foundation formwork of a small-scale building of the present embodiment. 2 to 7 are views showing an example of factory-produced main articles forming the solid foundation formwork of the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a first concrete prism. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second concrete prism. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a third concrete prism. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a fourth concrete prism. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a first reinforcing metal fitting. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a second reinforcing metal fitting. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a solid foundation formwork formed along the outer wall of the small-scale building of the present embodiment. FIG. 9 is a front view of a solid foundation formwork formed along the outer wall of the small-scale building of the present embodiment. FIG. 10 is a plan view of a solid foundation formwork formed along the outer wall of the small-scale building of the present embodiment. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a solid foundation formwork formed inside the small-scale building of the present embodiment. FIG. 12 is a front view of a solid foundation formwork formed inside the small-scale building of the present embodiment. FIG. 13 is a plan view of a solid foundation formwork formed inside the small-scale building of the present embodiment. FIG. 14 is a plan view showing the corners of the foundation beam formed along the outer wall of a small building. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a construction procedure of a foundation beam or the like along an outer wall as an example of the solid foundation construction method of the present embodiment. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a construction procedure of a foundation beam or the like along an outer wall as an example of the solid foundation construction method of the present embodiment. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a construction procedure of a foundation beam or the like along an outer wall as an example of the solid foundation construction method of the present embodiment. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a construction procedure of a foundation beam or the like along an outer wall as an example of the solid foundation construction method of the present embodiment. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a construction procedure of a foundation beam or the like along an outer wall as an example of the solid foundation construction method of the present embodiment. FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a construction procedure of a foundation beam or the like along an outer wall as an example of the solid foundation construction method of the present embodiment.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a solid foundation formwork and a solid foundation construction method for a small-scale building of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a solid foundation formwork of a small-scale building of the present embodiment, and FIGS. 2 to 7 are factory-produced to form a solid foundation formwork of the present embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the main article.
The solid foundation formwork 5 shown in FIG. 1 is a moisture-proof sheet on which sand and crushed stone are laid on the lower part of the base, discarded concrete, etc., in order to improve the familiarity between the ground and the base on which the foundation of the wooden house is constructed. It is built on the ground where the so-called ground work was carried out.
First, concrete prisms 10 having a predetermined size are arranged at predetermined intervals (here, 910 mm) so as to be orthogonal to the direction in which the foundation beam 1 of the solid foundation is formed.
Then, on the top surface 10a of the concrete prism 10, a raising table 8 (not shown) having a mounting surface 16 of a predetermined size at the same height is installed.
Here, the concrete prism 10 of the present embodiment has a width of 300 mm, a length of 900 mm, and a height of 50 mm, but it is not necessarily limited to the dimensions shown here. It should be noted that through holes (not shown) are provided at at least two places on the center line in the longitudinal direction of each of the concrete prisms 10, and the horizontal bars are driven into the through holes of the concrete prisms 10 arranged on the ground to shift the arrangement positions. May be prevented.
On each of the adjacent concrete prisms 10, two types of plate-shaped bodies 20 having the same width as the arrangement interval of the concrete prisms 10 and different heights are hung on the raising table 8 or the top surface 10a and mounted.
The plate-shaped body 20 is a factory-produced concrete plate or steel plate, and any of them is used. At the four corners of the plate-shaped body 20, bolt holes for connecting the mounted plate-shaped bodies with the band-shaped metal fittings are provided in order to firmly connect the mounted plate-shaped bodies to each other.
Since the plate-shaped body 20 is a simple rectangular flat plate, the figure is omitted, but the height is high, and the first plate-shaped body having a width substantially equal to the arrangement interval (910 mm) of the concrete prisms 10. There is a second plate-shaped body having a width equal to that of the first plate-shaped body 21, but having a height as low as the height of the raising table 8.
The concrete plate of the present embodiment includes a first concrete plate 21a having a width of 910 mm, a height of 600 mm and a thickness of 35 mm, and a second concrete plate 22a having a width of 790 mm, a height of 450 mm and a thickness of 35 mm. The steel plates of the present embodiment used are the first steel plate 21b, which is obtained by connecting two steel plates having a width of 455 mm, a height of 600 mm, and a thickness of 1.6 mm with bolts, and a steel plate having a width of 450 mm, a height of 450 mm, and a thickness. A second steel plate 22b in which two 1.6 mm steel plates are connected is used, but the dimensions are not necessarily limited to those shown here.

2 to 5 are views showing concrete prisms having a mounting surface on the top surface and having a raised platform of the same height installed, and (a) of each figure represents a plan view, and (b). ) Represents the front view.
The raising table 8 may be integrally molded with the concrete prism 10 or may be joined to the concrete prism with cement or an adhesive, and the concrete prism 10 on which the raising platform 8 is installed is based on the installation location. Can be classified into 4 types.
As shown in FIG. 2, the first concrete prism 11 is formed with one raising table 8 on each side of 10b near the center of the top surface 10a, and the third concrete prism 13 is bulky as shown in FIG. The upper table 8 is formed only at one place on one side.
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the second concrete prism 12 is formed with two raising pedestals 8 on both sides of 10b near the center of the top surface 10a and one on both sides of one end 10c. As shown in FIG. 5, the fourth concrete prism 14 is formed one on each side of 10b near the center of the top surface 10a and one on one side, and one on each side of one end 10c. There is.
Here, among the raising pedestals 8 of the present embodiment, those formed in the vicinity of the center 10b have a height of 150 mm, the mounting surface 16 is 90 mm square, and those formed on both sides of one end 10c are formed. The height is set to 150 mm and the mounting surface 16 is set to 90 mm × 125 mm, but the dimensions are not necessarily limited to those shown here.

As shown in FIG. 1, first concrete prisms 11 are arranged at equal intervals at places where foundation beams 1 are formed along the outer wall of a small-scale building, but the foundation beams 1 form corners. A third concrete prism 13 is arranged at the location.
Further, the second concrete square pillar 12 is arranged at the place where the foundation beam 1 is formed inside the small-scale building, but the place where the internal foundation beam intersects with the place where the foundation beam along the outer wall forms a corner. A fourth concrete square column 14 is arranged at right angles to the internal foundation beam.
If it is necessary to form the foundation beam 1 at a nonstandard position X different from the place where the first concrete prism 11 or the second concrete prism 12 is arranged, the first concrete prism 11 or the first concrete prism 11 or the position X is used. A second concrete prism 12 can be arranged to form a foundation beam 1 between them.

Then, the second plate-shaped body 22 is mounted so as to hang on each of the raised pedestals 8 at one place on one side of each of the adjacent first concrete prisms 11, and further, on each of the top surfaces 10a outside the raised pedestal 8. The first plate-shaped body 21 is mounted so as to be hung in parallel with the second plate-shaped body 22. In the place where the foundation beam 1 forms a corner, the orthogonal part of the second plate-shaped body 22 is mounted on the raised table 8 at one place of the third concrete prism 13.
In that case, the top of the first plate-shaped body 21 and the top of the second plate-shaped body 22 are connected by a top metal fitting 25, and the first plate-shaped body 21 is first placed between the first plate-shaped body 21 and the first concrete prism 11. The reinforcing metal fitting 26 is slanted to prevent it from falling over. Then, the foundation beam space 3 forming the foundation beam 1 and the foundation slab space 4 forming the foundation slab 2 are constructed.
In addition, two second plate-shaped bodies 22 are vertically and vertically formed on each of the two raised pedestals 8 on one side, out of the two formed on both sides of 10b near the center of each of the adjacent second concrete prisms 12. It is mounted in parallel so that it can be hung.
A fourth concrete prism 14 is arranged at a place where the foundation beam 1 along the outer wall intersects at a corner, and one place is formed on one side of 10b near the center thereof. An orthogonal portion of the second plate-shaped body 22 is mounted on the raising table 8.
In that case, the adjacent first plate-shaped bodies 21 and the adjacent second plate-shaped bodies 22 are bolted to each other by applying a band-shaped metal fitting or an L-shaped metal fitting to the position of a hole (not shown) provided in the corner. Can be fastened and connected.
Then, the tops of the second plate-shaped body 22 are connected to each other by the top metal fitting 25, and one of the second plate-shaped bodies 22 is placed between the second plate-shaped body 22 and the raising table 8 formed at the end of the second concrete prism 12. The reinforcing metal fitting 27 is slanted and fixed to support it so that it does not fall over.
As a result, the foundation beam space 3 forming the foundation beam 1 and the foundation slab space 4 of the foundation slab 2 arranged on the foundation beam 1 are formed.
Here, the mounted first plate-shaped bodies 21 and the second plate-shaped bodies 22 can be fastened with bolts using band-shaped metal fittings or L-shaped metal fittings to be firmly connected.

6 and 7 are views showing an example of a reinforcing metal fitting for supporting a plate-shaped body produced in a factory, in which FIG. 6A shows a side view and FIG. 7B shows a front view. ..
The first reinforcing metal fitting 26 shown in FIG. 6 is a relatively long steel material having an L-shaped cross section and a length of approximately 693 mm, and is provided with holes for fixing with bolts at both ends.
The first reinforcing metal fitting 26 is diagonally installed between the upper part of the first plate-shaped body 21 and the top surface 10a of the first concrete prism 11, and both ends are detachably fixed with bolts, and concrete is placed in the foundation beam space 3. The first plate-shaped body 21 is firmly supported so as not to fall during injection.
The second reinforcing metal fitting 27 shown in FIG. 7 is a relatively short steel material having an L-shaped cross section and a length of approximately 547 mm. One end has a hole for fixing with a bolt, and the other end has a length. It is joined to the center of a strip-shaped steel material 28 having a size of about 300 mm. Further, the strip-shaped steel material 28 is provided with a hole for fixing with a bolt.
The second reinforcing metal fitting 27 is obliquely installed between the upper portion of the second plate-shaped body 22 and the raising table 8 formed at one position on each side of one end 10c of the second concrete prism 12, and the one end 10c is provided. Is detachably fixed to the upper part of the second plate-shaped body 22 with bolts, and the other strip-shaped steel material 28 is detachably fixed to two raised pedestals 8 with bolts.
Therefore, the second plate-shaped body 22 is firmly supported so as not to fall when concrete is injected into the foundation beam space 3.

8 to 10 are views showing an example of a solid foundation formwork formed along the outer wall of the small-scale building of the present embodiment, FIG. 8 is a sectional view, FIG. 9 is a front view, and FIG. Is a plan view.
As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, in the solid foundation formwork 5 formed along the outer wall, one raising table 8 is formed on each side of 10b near the center of the top surface 10a, and the forming direction of the foundation beam 1 is formed. The first concrete prism 11 is arranged orthogonal to the above. The first concrete plate 21a is vertically mounted on the top surface 10a outside the raising table 8. And the first concrete plate 21a
A first reinforcing metal fitting 26 is obliquely provided between the upper portion and the end of the first concrete prism 11, and the first concrete plate 21a is supported so as not to fall. Further, on the raising table 8, a second concrete plate 22a having the same width as the first concrete plate 21a and having a height lower than the height of the raising table 8 is mounted in parallel with the first concrete plate 21a.
Reinforcing bars 7 are arranged in the foundation beam space 3 and the foundation slab space 4 sandwiched between the first concrete plate 21a and the second concrete plate 22a.
Further, the top of the first concrete plate 21a and the top of the second plate-shaped body 22a are connected by a top metal fitting 25.
Therefore, when concrete is injected into the foundation beam space 3, the concrete is dammed by the first concrete plate 21a on the outer wall side, while the inside flows out from under the second concrete plate 22a to the foundation slab space 4. Therefore, a part of the foundation beam 1 along the outer wall and the foundation slab 2 adjacent to the foundation beam 1 is formed.
When the concrete of the solid foundation hardens, the first reinforcing metal fitting 26 is removed. Further, when steel plates are used for the first plate-shaped body 21 and the second plate-shaped body 22, those steel plates are also removed.
However, when the first concrete plate 21a and the second concrete plate 22a are used, even if the concrete of the solid foundation hardens, it is not removed and is left as it is to become a part of the solid foundation.

11 to 13 are views showing an example of a solid foundation formwork formed inside the small-scale building of the present embodiment, FIG. 11 is a sectional view, FIG. 12 is a front view, and FIG. 13 is a plan view. It is a figure.
As shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, the solid foundation formwork 5 formed inside the small-scale building has two raising pedestals 8 on both sides of 10b near the center of the top surface 10a, and one of them. A second concrete prism 12 formed at one place on each side of the end 10c is arranged.
The second plate-shaped body 22 is vertically and parallelly mounted on one side of the raising table 8 formed at two places on each side. A second reinforcing metal fitting 27 is slanted between the raising table 8 formed at the end of the second concrete prism 12 and the upper portion of one of the second plate-shaped bodies 22 so that the second plate-shaped body 22 does not fall down. The top metal fittings 25 connect the tops of the second plate-shaped body 22 to each other.
Reinforcing bars 7 are arranged in the foundation beam space 3 sandwiched between the second plate-shaped bodies 22 and the foundation slab space 4 adjacent to each other on both sides of the foundation beam space 3.
Therefore, when concrete is injected into the foundation beam space 3, the concrete flows out from under the second plate-shaped body 22 into the foundation slab space 2, so that the foundation beam 1 inside the small-scale building and the foundation beam thereof A part of the foundation slab 2 adjacent to 1 is formed.
When the concrete of the solid foundation hardens, the second reinforcing metal fitting 27 is removed. Further, when steel plates are used for the second plate-shaped body 22, those steel plates are also removed, but when a concrete plate is used for the second plate-shaped body 22, the concrete of the solid foundation is solidified. It will not be removed, but will be left as it is and become a part of the solid foundation.

FIG. 14 is a plan view showing the corners of the foundation beam formed along the outer wall of a small building.
As shown in FIG. 14, at the corner of the foundation beam 1 along the outer wall, a third concrete prism 13 having only one raising platform 8 formed on one side is arranged.
The arrangement direction is orthogonal to one foundation beam 1 and parallel to the other foundation beam 1.
Therefore, in the first concrete prism 11 having two raising pedestals 8, the first plate-shaped body 21 cannot be mounted on the top surface 10a, while the second plate-shaped body 22 is orthogonal to each other, and the orthogonal points are formed. There is only one bulking platform on which it can be mounted.

15 to 20 are views showing a construction procedure of a foundation beam or the like along an outer wall as an example of the solid foundation construction method of the present embodiment. In each figure, (a) is a sectional view and (b) is a front view. Further, the broken line in each figure indicates a place where the next step is performed.
FIG. 15 shows sand, crushed stones, and dumps at the bottom of the ground G for constructing the foundation beam 1 and the foundation slab 2 in order to improve the familiarity between the ground G for constructing the solid foundation of a small building and the foundation slab 2. Perform ground work such as concrete and lay a moisture-proof sheet.

In FIG. 16, the first concrete prism 11 having two raising pedestals 8 formed in the vicinity of the center 10b of the top surface 10a is arranged at regular intervals on the moisture-proof sheet on the side where the outer wall is constructed (first step).
Although not shown here, at the places where the foundation beams are formed inside the small-scale building, there are two raising pedestals 8 on both sides of 10b near the center of the top surface 10a, and both sides of one end 10c. A second concrete prism on which a raising table 8 is formed is arranged in each place, and a third concrete prism 13 in which only one raising table 8 is formed on one side is arranged at the corner of the foundation beam 1 along the outer wall. Will be done.
Further, the fourth concrete prism 14 is arranged orthogonal to the inner foundation beam at the place where the inner foundation beam intersects the place where the foundation beam forms a corner along the outer wall.

Then, the first concrete plate 21a is hung vertically on the outer wall side of each of the top surfaces 10a of the first concrete prisms 11 arranged adjacent to each other. Then, the first reinforcing metal fitting 26 is slanted and fixed between the upper part of the first concrete plate 21a and the end of the top surface 10a of the first concrete prism 11 to support the first concrete plate 21a (second step). ..
Next, the reinforcing bars 7 are arranged in the foundation beam space 3 in which the foundation beam 1 is formed and the foundation slab space 4 in which the foundation slab 2 is formed (third step).

In FIG. 17, a second concrete plate 22a is mounted in parallel with the first concrete plate 21a on each of the raised pedestals 8 on one side of each of the first concrete square pillars 11 arranged adjacent to each other, and the foundation beam space 3 and the foundation slab space are shown. 4 is formed (4th step).
Although not shown here, in the case of the second concrete prism 12 forming the foundation beam inside a small-scale building, as shown in FIG. 11, one side of the raising table 8 formed at two places on each side is shown. The second plate-shaped body 22 is mounted vertically and in parallel at each location of the above, and the raising table 8 formed at the end of the second concrete prism 12 and the upper portion of one of the second plate-shaped bodies 22. A second reinforcing metal fitting 27 is slanted between them to support the second plate-shaped body 22 so as not to fall, and the top metal fittings 25 connect the tops of the second plate-shaped body 22 to each other.

In FIG. 18, concrete is injected into the foundation beam space 3. Since the second concrete plate 22a is raised by the raising table 8, the injected concrete flows out from under the second concrete plate 22a into the foundation slab space 4. Then, the periphery of the first concrete prism 11 and the periphery of the raising platform 8 are solidified with concrete to form a part of the solid foundation.
Although not shown here, when a foundation beam is formed inside a small-scale building, as shown in FIG. 11, each of the second plate-shaped bodies 22 mounted in parallel is bulky on the raising platform 8. Since it is raised, the injected concrete flows out from under each of the second plate-shaped bodies 22, and foundation slabs that are part of the solid foundation are formed on both sides of the foundation beam.

In FIG. 19, when the concrete of the solid foundation is hardened, the first reinforcing metal fitting 26 and the second reinforcing metal fitting 27 are removed and removed.
FIG. 20 shows a part of the completed solid foundation. In the foundation beam 1 along the outer wall, the outer wall surface of the foundation beam 1 from the level of the top surface 10a of the first concrete square pillar 11 to the top of the first concrete plate 21a is formed, and the height of the raising platform 8 is formed inside the outer wall surface of the foundation beam 1. The foundation slab 2 is formed.
Although not shown here, the internal foundation beam 1 is formed of a second concrete plate 22a mounted in parallel on each of the raising pedestals 8 formed at two locations on each side of the second concrete prism 12, and both sides thereof. The foundation slab 2 at the height of the raised table 8 is formed on the top.

Since the articles used to construct the solid foundation formwork of a small building can be standardized to a small number of simple structures, factory production can be facilitated and costs can be reduced.

1 Foundation beam 2 Foundation slab 3 Foundation beam space 4 Foundation slab space 5 Solid foundation mold 7 Reinforcing bar 8 Raising platform 10 Concrete square pillar 10a Top surface 10b Near the center 10c One end 11 1st concrete square pillar 12 2nd concrete square pillar 13th 3 Concrete square pillar 14 4th concrete square pillar 16 Mounting surface 20 Plate-like body 21 1st plate-like body 21a 1st concrete plate 22 2nd plate-like body 22a 2nd concrete plate 25 Top metal fittings 26 1st reinforcement metal fittings 27 2nd reinforcement Metal fittings 28 strip-shaped steel

The solid foundation form of the present invention is a factory-produced solid foundation form that forms the foundation beam of a solid foundation of a small-scale building by injecting concrete, and is in the direction in which the above-mentioned foundation beam is formed. A first concrete square pillar having a predetermined length of concrete square pillars arranged at orthogonal intervals and having a constant height on both sides near the center of the top surface, and a concrete square pillar having a constant height. A second concrete square pillar with two raised pedestals on each side near the center of the top surface, one on each side of one end, and two on one side near the center of each of the second concrete square pillars arranged adjacent to each other. A second plate-like body having a predetermined width and height, which is mounted vertically and in parallel on each of the raised pedestals, and the first concrete square pillars arranged adjacent to each other are mounted on the top surface of each of the second plates. The first plate-shaped body, which is higher than the plate-shaped body by the height of the raised platform, is provided, and the first concrete square pillar is provided at a place where the foundation beam is formed along the outer wall of the small-scale building. Is placed, and the first plate-shaped body is mounted in parallel with the second plate-shaped body mounted on the raised table, while the foundation beam is formed inside the small-scale building. By arranging the second concrete square pillar and mounting the second plate-like body in parallel on the raised platform, a foundation beam space and a foundation slab space for injecting concrete into the foundation beam are formed. It is characterized by.
In that case, the third concrete prism having one raised table on one side near the center of the top surface and one raised table on both sides near the center of the top surface and one on one side are formed at one end. A fourth concrete prism formed on each side of the above is provided, and a third concrete prism is used as a foundation at a place where the foundation beam formed along the outer wall of the small-scale building forms a corner. Arranged in the direction in which one of the beams is formed, the place where the second plate-like body is orthogonal is placed on the raised platform, and the foundation beam formed inside the small-scale building is at the corner. At the orthogonal points, the fourth concrete prism is arranged in the direction orthogonal to the foundation beam formed inside, and the place where the second plate-like body is orthogonal is formed at one place on one side of the raised platform . Can be mounted.
Further, the first plate-shaped body and the second plate-shaped body are a concrete plate formed by forming concrete into a plate shape or a steel plate formed by forming steel into a plate shape, and when the concrete of the solid foundation hardens, the said The steel plate is removed and the concrete plate can be left as part of the solid foundation.
In this way, it is possible to easily manually construct a solid foundation formwork using factory-produced concrete prisms and plate-like bodies. In addition, by providing a raised platform on the concrete square pillar, the concrete injected into the foundation beam space can flow out to the foundation slab space, so that both sides of the foundation beam formed inside a small-scale building and both sides of the foundation beam can be used. Foundation slabs are continuously formed on the inner side of the foundation beam formed along the outer wall, and concrete can be injected and placed into the foundation beam space and foundation slab space all at once, shortening the construction period.
Here, if the concrete block of a predetermined size is joined to a predetermined position on the top surface of the concrete prism, the efficiency of factory production can be improved and the flexibility to individual sites can be achieved. Improves compatibility and compatibility.
In addition, the first reinforcement that supports the first plate-shaped body by detachably slanting it between the upper part of the first plate-shaped body mounted on the first concrete prism and the end of the first concrete square pillar. One of the tools is detachably slanted between the upper part of the second plate-like body mounted on the second concrete prism and the raising table formed at the end of the second concrete prism. If a second reinforcing tool for supporting the second plate-like body is provided, the safety when injecting concrete into the foundation beam is improved.

In the solid foundation construction method of the present invention, a concrete square pillar of a predetermined length is formed on the top surface of a factory-produced formwork of a predetermined size on a ground work on the site and a moisture-proof sheet is laid. A solid foundation construction method for small-scale buildings, in which a solid foundation formwork is formed using a plate-shaped body having a predetermined width and height, and concrete is injected into the formwork to construct the formwork.
Along with the direction of forming the foundation beam along the outer wall of the small-scale building, the first concrete square pillars in which one raised platform is formed on both sides near the center of the top surface are arranged at predetermined intervals. Along the direction of forming the foundation beam inside the small-scale building, at predetermined intervals perpendicular to the direction, there are two raised pedestals on both sides near the center of the top surface, one of them. A predetermined width is provided for each of the first step of arranging the second concrete square pillars formed one by one on both sides of the end and the top surface of each of the first concrete square pillars arranged adjacent to each other at a predetermined distance from the raised table. And the first plate-shaped body having a height is vertically mounted, and the first reinforcing tool is slanted between the upper part of the first plate-shaped body and the end of the first concrete square pillar and fixed detachably. The second step of supporting the first plate-shaped body and the reinforcing bar connecting the first concrete square pillar are connected between the first plate-shaped body and the raising table, and the reinforcing bar connecting the second concrete square pillar is connected. The third step of arranging reinforcements inside the raising table and in the foundation slab space where the foundation slab is formed, and the above-mentioned first A second plate-shaped body, which is lower than the first plate-shaped body by the height of the raised table, is mounted in parallel with the first plate-shaped body, and the first plate-shaped body and the top of the second plate-shaped body are respectively. The fourth step of forming the foundation beam space along the outer wall of the small-scale building by connecting the above-mentioned top metal fittings, and the above-mentioned bulk formed in two places near the center of each of the above-mentioned second concrete square columns arranged adjacent to each other. The second plate-shaped body is mounted in parallel on each of the upper pedestals with the reinforcing bar interposed therebetween, and the raised pedestal formed on both sides of one upper portion of the second plate-shaped body and the end of the second concrete square pillar. A second reinforcing tool is slanted between the concrete and fixed to be detachably fixed, and the tops of the second plate-shaped bodies are connected by top metal fittings to form the foundation beam space inside the small-scale building. It is characterized in that when concrete is injected into the foundation beam space, the concrete flows out from under the second plate-like body to form a part of the foundation slab.
Here, the concrete square beam is formed by forming a third concrete square beam in which the raising table is formed at one place on one side near the center, and the raising table is formed at one place on each side near the center of the top surface and one place on one side. It has a fourth concrete square pillar formed at one place on each side of one end, and the first step is at a place where the foundation beam formed along the outer wall of the small-scale building forms a corner. Places the third concrete square pillar in the direction in which one of the foundation beams is formed, and the fourth concrete is located at a place where the foundation beam formed inside the small-scale building is orthogonal to the corner. It is preferable to include a step of arranging the square pillar in a direction orthogonal to the foundation beam formed inside.
Further, in the fourth step, in the place where the foundation beam formed along the outer wall forms a corner, one place where the second plate-shaped body is orthogonal is formed on one side near the center of the third concrete prism. In the fifth step, the place where the foundation beam formed inside is orthogonal to the corner is the place where the second plate-like body is orthogonal to the fourth concrete prism. It is also preferable to include a step of mounting on the above-mentioned raised table formed at one place on one side near the center.
Further, the plate-shaped body includes a concrete plate formed by molding concrete into a plate shape or a steel plate formed by forming steel into a plate shape, and the first plate-shaped body of the second step, the fourth step and the fifth step of the second step. When the second plate-like body is the steel plate, it is removed when the concrete of the solid foundation hardens, and in the case of the concrete plate, it can be left as a part of the solid foundation.
Then, the first reinforcing tool and the second reinforcing tool can be removed when the concrete of the solid foundation is hardened.
By doing so, it is possible to manually construct a solid foundation form using factory-produced concrete square pillars and plate-like bodies, and the concrete injected into the foundation beam space will also flow out into the foundation slab space. Injecting and placing concrete into foundation beams and foundation slabs can be done all at once, shortening the construction period. In addition, if a concrete plate is used as a plate-like body, even after the concrete of the solid foundation has solidified, the concrete plate is left as it is as a part of the foundation beam, which saves the trouble of demolding and the surface of the foundation beam. Since it is a factory-produced concrete plate, it is of high quality.

Claims (10)

A factory-produced solid foundation formwork that forms the foundation beams of a solid foundation in a small building by injecting concrete.
It is a concrete prism of a predetermined length that is orthogonal to the direction in which the foundation beam is formed and is arranged at predetermined intervals. A first concrete prism and a second concrete prism having two raised pedestals on both sides near the center of the top surface and one on each side of one end.
A second plate-like body having a predetermined width and height, which is mounted vertically and in parallel on each of two raised pedestals on one side near the center of each of the second concrete prisms arranged adjacent to each other.
The second plate-shaped body is mounted on the top surface of each of the first concrete prisms arranged adjacent to each other, and the second plate-shaped body is provided with a first plate-shaped body which is higher by the height of the raised table.
Each of the first concrete square pillars is arranged at a place where the foundation beam is formed along the outer wall of the small-scale building, and the first is arranged in parallel with the second plate-like body mounted on the raised platform. While one plate-shaped body is mounted, the second concrete square pillar is arranged at a place where the foundation beam is formed inside the small-scale building, and the second plate-shaped body is arranged in parallel on the raised platform. A solid foundation form frame characterized in that a foundation beam space and a foundation slab space for injecting concrete into the foundation beam are formed by mounting on the foundation beam. A third concrete prism having one raised table on one side near the center of the top surface, and one raised table on both sides near the center of the top surface and one on one side, on both sides of one end. Also equipped with a fourth concrete prism formed one by one,
At the points where the foundation beams formed along the outer wall of the small-scale building form corners, the third concrete prism is arranged in the direction in which one of the foundation beams is formed, and the second plate-like body is formed. Place the points where are orthogonal to each other on the raised table.
At the place where the foundation beam formed inside the small-scale building is orthogonal to the corner, the fourth concrete square pillar is arranged in the direction orthogonal to the foundation beam formed inside, and the second plate is formed. The solid foundation form according to claim 1, wherein a portion where the shapes are orthogonal to each other is mounted on the rising portion formed at one location on one side. The first plate-shaped body and the second plate-shaped body are a concrete plate formed by forming concrete into a plate shape or a steel plate formed by forming steel into a plate shape, and when the concrete of the solid foundation hardens, the steel plate is formed. The solid foundation formwork according to claim 1, wherein the concrete plate is removed and left as a part of the solid foundation. The solid foundation formwork according to claim 1, wherein the raised table is formed by joining a concrete block having a predetermined size to a predetermined position on the top surface of the concrete prism. With a first reinforcing tool that is detachably slanted between the upper part of the first plate-shaped body mounted on the first concrete prism and the end of the first concrete prism to support the first plate-shaped body. The first one is detachably slanted between the upper part of the second plate-like body mounted on the second concrete prism and the raising table formed at the end of the second concrete prism. 2. The solid foundation formwork according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second reinforcing tool for supporting the plate-shaped body is provided. A concrete square pillar of a predetermined length and a plate having a predetermined width and height are formed on the top surface of a factory-produced formwork of a predetermined size on a site where a moisture-proof sheet is laid. It is a solid foundation construction method for small-scale buildings that forms a solid foundation formwork using a shape and injects concrete into the formwork.
Along with the direction of forming the foundation beam along the outer wall of the small-scale building, the first concrete prisms having one raised platform formed on both sides near the center of the top surface are arranged at predetermined intervals. Along the direction of forming the foundation beam inside the small-scale building, there are two raising pedestals on both sides near the center of the top surface at predetermined intervals, one of which is orthogonal to the direction. The first step of arranging the second concrete prism formed one by one on both sides of the end, and
A first plate-like body having a predetermined width and height is vertically mounted on each of the top surfaces of the first concrete prisms arranged adjacent to each other at a predetermined distance from the raised table, and the first plate-like body is vertically mounted. A second step of slanting a first reinforcing tool between the upper part of the body and the end of the first concrete prism to detachably fix the first reinforcing tool and supporting the first plate-shaped body.
A foundation on which a reinforcing bar connecting the first concrete prism is formed between the first plate-shaped body and the raising table, a reinforcing bar connecting the second concrete prism is provided inside the raising table, and a foundation slab is formed. The third step of arranging reinforcement in the slab space and
A second, which is lower than the first plate-shaped body by the height of the raised table in parallel with the first plate-shaped body with the reinforcing bar sandwiched between the raised tables of each of the first concrete square columns arranged adjacent to each other. A fourth step of mounting the plate-shaped body and connecting the tops of the first plate-shaped body and the top of the second plate-shaped body with top fittings to form the foundation beam space along the outer wall of the small-scale building. When,
The second plate-shaped body is mounted in parallel on each of the raised pedestals formed at two locations near the center of each of the second concrete prisms arranged adjacent to each other with the reinforcing bar sandwiched between them. The second reinforcing tool is slanted and detachably fixed between one upper portion and the raised platform formed on both sides of the end of the second concrete prism, and the top of each of the second plate-shaped bodies is fixed. Including the fifth step of forming the foundation beam space inside the small-scale building by connecting the concrete with the top metal fittings.
A solid foundation construction method, characterized in that when concrete is injected into the foundation beam space, the concrete flows out from under the second plate-like body to form a part of the foundation slab. The concrete prism is a third concrete prism having one raised table formed on one side near the center, and one raised table on both sides near the center of the top surface and one on one side, and one end thereof. It also has a fourth concrete prism formed on each side of the
The first step is
At the place where the foundation beam formed along the outer wall of the small-scale building forms a corner, the third concrete square pillar is arranged in the direction in which one of the foundation beams is formed, and the small-scale building is formed. A claim comprising a step of arranging the fourth concrete square column in a direction orthogonal to the foundation beam formed inside at a position where the foundation beam formed inside is orthogonal to the corner. 6 The solid foundation construction method described. The fourth step is
The place where the foundation beam formed along the outer wall forms a corner is mounted on the raised platform formed at one place on one side near the center of the third concrete prism at a place where the second plate-shaped body is orthogonal to each other. death,
The fifth step is
The place where the foundation beam formed inside is orthogonal to the corner is mounted on the raised platform where one place where the second plate-shaped body is orthogonal is formed on one side near the center of the fourth concrete prism. The solid foundation construction method according to claim 6, further comprising a step of performing. The plate-shaped body includes a concrete plate formed by forming concrete into a plate shape or a steel plate formed by forming steel into a plate shape.
When the first plate-shaped body in the second step, the second plate-shaped body in the fourth step and the fifth step is the steel plate, the concrete plate is removed when the concrete of the solid foundation hardens. In the case of, the solid foundation construction method according to claim 6, wherein the solid foundation is left as a part of the solid foundation. The solid foundation construction method according to claim 6, wherein the first reinforcing tool and the second reinforcing tool are removed when the concrete of the solid foundation is hardened.

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