JP2022037786A - Ground property evaluation method and ground property evaluation system in front of face - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a ground property evaluation method and a ground property evaluation system in front of a face, which evaluates the ground properties in front of the face while specifying a drilling position of a charge hole with relatively high accuracy under high construction safety.SOLUTION: A ground property evaluation method in front of a face comprises a setting step for setting the relative positional relationship of multiple drilling points on the face and a drilling order, a projection step of projecting the next drilling point on the face with a projector, a drilling acquisition step of drilling a charge hole with a drilling device at the projected drilling point and acquires machine data at the time of drilling, a data accumulation step of accumulating machine data at the time of drilling at each drilling point by repeating the projection step and drilling acquisition step according to the drilling order, a data collection step of identifying the position information of the drilling point by linking the drilling point and the position information of the face, and collects the machine data at the time of drilling for each drilling point with the position information, and an evaluation step of evaluating the ground properties based on the machine data at the time of drilling for each drilling point.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

The present invention relates to a ground property evaluation method and a ground property evaluation system in front of the face.

Over-digging is one of the general issues in the blasting method applied in the construction of mountain tunnels, and the increase in over-digging can lead to an increase in material costs and a longer construction period due to construction cycle loss. In addition, the mountain tunnel is a linear structure deep underground, and the preliminary geological survey from the ground surface may not always be sufficient. Therefore, in order to safely construct a high-quality mountain tunnel, the front of the face It is important to properly evaluate the geological properties (degree and distribution of hardness, instability, etc.).
Recently, rock drills (tunnel jumbo, drill jumbo) equipped with a drilling guidance system have been developed and applied in the construction of mountain tunnels that include the above-mentioned various problems. This tunnel jumbo grasps the drilling position by an automatic tracking type total station and a position detection sensor, extends the drilling boom to the drilling position planned in advance, and automatically automates the drilling bit installed in the drilling boom. It is a so-called computer jumbo that makes it possible to guide.
In this way, if it is possible to drill a charge hole while specifying a three-dimensional drilling position on the face surface with a computer jumbo, the drilling position on the face surface can be accurately specified and each drilling hole can be performed. It is possible to acquire machine data (impact pressure, feed pressure, drilling speed, number of impacts, drilling energy based on them, etc.) at the time of drilling at the position, and accurately evaluate the ground properties in front of the face in the entire face surface. It will be possible to do well.
However, a computer jumbo capable of specifying three-dimensional position information is expensive, and it is not necessary to apply such an expensive computer jumbo in the construction of any mountain tunnel. Therefore, instead of a computer jumbo that can specify 3D position information, a general tunnel jumbo that does not have a function to specify 3D position information is applied, and each charging hole is cut with relatively high accuracy on the face surface. It is desired to develop a system that can accurately evaluate the ground properties in front of the face in the entire area of the face surface by specifying the hole position and acquiring the machine data at the time of drilling at each hole position.

On the other hand, in the construction of mountain tunnels, in general, the work team is divided into day and night for continuous excavation work, so when the work is changed, information on the degree and distribution of the hardness of the face ground, instability, etc. is given next. It is important to hand over to the construction team of the construction team, but since it is common to cover the face with sprayed concrete to ensure safety, the distribution of the hardness of the ground over the entire face is directly confirmed visually. Can't. Therefore, in order for the next construction team to grasp the detailed position (distribution) of the hardness of the ground on the face surface, it is necessary to collate the face with the drawings, etc., and it is a big problem that this work takes time and effort. It has become. Therefore, for example, a technique has been developed in which a projector is mounted on the upper part of a tunnel jumbo and a contour diagram or the like relating to the hardness or softness of the ground in front of the face is projected on the face surface.

For example, in Patent Document 1, it is possible for a construction worker to perform construction work while visually observing the ground condition on the mirror-blown concrete surface while ensuring safety by mirror-blown concrete on the face. The face information display method and face information display system have been proposed. Specifically, the area including the first face surface, which is the exposed surface of the face ground exposed by excavation due to rupture, is photographed with a digital camera, and the ground condition of the face is captured based on the photographed image data. Generate face information image data including display information to be shown. On the other hand, the first face surface is mirror-blown with concrete, and the face information image, which is an image indicated by the face information image data, is projected on the second face surface, which is the mirror-blown concrete surface. After that, construction information such as the position of the charging hole is determined based on the projected image, the determined construction information is added to the face information image data to generate face information update image data, and the generated face information update image data is shown. This is a method of projecting a face information update image, which is an image, onto a second face surface.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2018-150720

According to the face information display method and display system described in Patent Document 1, concrete is mirror-blown on the exposed first face surface of the ground of the tunnel face, and the second face surface which is the concrete surface after mirror blowing. By projecting a face information image including at least display information showing the ground condition of the tunnel face, the construction worker at the site can visually recognize the ground condition of the tunnel face from the projected face information image. Will be possible. In addition, many construction workers at the site can carry out the construction work while sharing the ground conditions of the tunnel face, improving the efficiency of the construction work and improving the safety of the construction work entering the face. Can be done.
By the way, when a tunnel jumbo is applied to drill a plurality of charge holes, a plurality of (for example, two) drilling booms are extended, and a plurality of drilling bits equipped in each drilling boom are used for drilling a plurality of holes. Generally, the holes are drilled in parallel, but in Patent Document 1, while avoiding the complication of the drilling boom when drilling a plurality of charge holes in parallel, Furthermore, there is no disclosure of means for achieving high construction safety by avoiding skin drop, etc., in consideration of the distribution of hardness and softness on the face surface. Further, there is no disclosure of a means for specifying the drilling position of the charge hole with relatively high accuracy while applying a general tunnel jumbo that does not have the function of specifying the three-dimensional position information as described above.

The present invention specifies and drills the drilling position of the charge hole with relatively high accuracy under high construction safety while applying a general tunnel jumbo that does not have the function of specifying the three-dimensional position information. It is an object of the present invention to provide a ground property evaluation method and a ground property evaluation system in front of the face, which can acquire machine data at the time of drilling at a hole position and evaluate the ground property in front of the face.

In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the method for evaluating the ground properties in front of the face according to the present invention is.
With respect to the face of the tunnel, a charge hole for blasting is drilled at a plurality of drill points with a drilling device, and the drilling machine data acquired by the drilling device and the charging hole at the time of drilling are drilled. It is a method of evaluating the ground properties in front of the face by linking the position information of the face.
A setting step for setting the relative positional relationship and drilling order of a plurality of the drilling points on the face.
A projection process in which a projector projects a drilling point to be drilled next on the face.
The drilling device drills the charged hole at the drilling point projected in the projection step, and at that time, the drilling device acquires the machine data at the time of drilling. Acquisition process and
By repeating the projection step and the drilling acquisition step according to the drilling order, the drilling machine data for each drilling point is accumulated, and at that time, each drilling point and the drilling point are described. The position information of the drilling point is specified by linking the position information of the face and / or the position information of the drilling device, and the machine data at the time of drilling for each drilling point having the position information is accumulated. , Data collection process and
It is characterized by having an evaluation step of evaluating the ground properties in front of the face based on the accumulated machine data at the time of drilling for each drilling point.

According to this aspect, the drilling points are sequentially projected onto the face surface according to the drilling order set in the setting step, and the drilling (or drilling) of the charge hole at the drilling point projected in the drilling acquisition step is performed. ), And in the data accumulation process, the position of the drilling point is linked to the position information of the face and / or the position information of the drilling device. By specifying the information, while applying a general tunnel jumbo, the drilling position of each charge hole can be specified with relatively high accuracy, and the drilling and face of the charge hole under high construction safety. It is possible to collect machine data at the time of drilling, which is used for evaluation of the ground properties in front.
Here, "setting the relative positional relationship and drilling order of a plurality of drilling points in the face" in the setting process is based on the drilling machine data for each drilling point acquired at the time of the preceding blasting work. Based on the specified distribution of hardness and softness of the current face surface, etc., when drilling multiple charge holes in parallel with multiple drilling bits provided in the tunnel jumbo, skin removal is prevented. It means setting the relative positional relationship and construction order of each drilling point, which makes it possible to prevent mutual interference between multiple drilling booms that perform drilling in parallel while ensuring construction safety. ..
A projector that projects a plurality of drilling points on the face surface according to a set drilling sequence is mounted in a suitable place of a general rock drill (tunnel jumbo), for example. Here, the general tunnel jumbo means a tunnel jumbo that does not have the function of specifying the three-dimensional position information as described above, but the evaluation method of this embodiment has the function of specifying the three-dimensional position information. It does not completely eliminate the use of computer jumbo. Further, the projection of the drilling point on the face surface using the projector in the projection step can be performed by using a known project mapping method.

As a method of "linking each drilling point with the position information of the face and / or the position information of the drilling device" in the data collection process, the currently exposed face surface specified in a work place or the like. There is a method of utilizing the three-dimensional position information regarding. In the process of excavation by blasting in sequence according to the construction plan, the three-dimensional position information of the face surface on a certain construction day is specified and grasped at the work place. Therefore, when the tunnel is excavated according to the construction plan, it is not necessary to precisely measure the 3D position information of the face surface, and the 3D position information of the face surface on a certain construction date is roughly specified at the work place. Therefore, the three-dimensional position information of the face surface specified at the work place is effectively utilized.
In this way, a plurality of drilling points are projected with a relative positional relationship on the face surface having three-dimensional position information, but the plurality of drilling point data projected on the projector are constructed. Includes relative position data (CAD (Computer aided design) data) including the relative distance between each drilling point in a face model with the shape and dimensions of the face of interest. Therefore, when all the drilling points set in the computer are projected onto the face surface having the three-dimensional position information, each drilling point has the three-dimensional position information of the face surface. And the relative position data (CAD data) set in the computer are combined to have the three-dimensional position information.
Here, the construction manager or the like manually operates the joystick or the like provided in the projector to adjust the face model set in the computer to be projected onto the actual face surface as much as possible.
In addition, the above-mentioned link method is large for evaluation of the ground properties in front of the face surface even if the distance between the charging holes includes an error of about 5 cm to 20 cm on the face surface of a mountain tunnel of a certain scale. Under the premise that there is no effect, the three-dimensional position information of each drilling point is roughly specified without being based on the detailed survey results.

In addition, the three-dimensional position information of each drilling point may be specified by surveying. For example, a total station is installed on the wellhead side, and the drilling device positioned on the face surface or in front of the face surface (the target provided on the drilling device main body, the tip of the drilling boom extending from the drilling device main body, etc.) By measuring the three-dimensional position coordinates of the target, etc. provided in the above, the three-dimensional position information of each drilling point can be specified.

The machine data at the time of drilling at each drilling point, which is accumulated in the data accumulation process, includes data that can identify the hardness of the ground, etc., and the impact pressure, feed pressure, and drilling when drilling with the drilling bit. Examples include the hole speed, the number of hits and the drilling energy based on them, the drilling time required for drilling and the drilling energy based on the feed pressure that can change during that period. The drilling time (time required for drilling at a suitable drilling speed) applied when determining the drilling energy is displayed on the display unit (monitor screen) of the control device or projected onto the face surface. It is also preferable because the time required for drilling at each drilling point can be grasped.
In the evaluation process, based on the machine data at the time of drilling for each drilling point that has 3D position information with a certain degree of accuracy (three-dimensional position information is linked), the ground properties in front of the face (hardness and softness of the ground). (Degree and distribution thereof, etc.) can be evaluated, and based on this evaluation result, safe and efficient subsequent drilling (burst) can be performed.

Further, another aspect of the method for evaluating the ground property in front of the face according to the present invention is that in the projection step, when the drilling at a part of the drilling points in the set drilling sequence is skipped. , The drilling point to be drilled is projected next to the drilling point skipped in the drilling order, and the charge hole is drilled at the projected drilling point in the drilling acquisition step.
It is characterized in that the projection step and the drilling acquisition step are performed at the skipped drilling points after the drilling sequence has been completed or at a predetermined timing by a switch operation.

According to this aspect, when an unexpected situation occurs in the implementation work and it is unavoidable to skip the drilling of a part of the drilling points in the setting order, the drilling of the drilling points is skipped. , Guarantee drilling at all drilling points by performing the projection process and drilling acquisition process at the skipped drilling points after the drilling sequence has been completed or at a predetermined timing by switch operation. Can be done. Here, there are various unexpected situations in the implementation work, for example, one drilling point is softer than expected and there is a risk of skin falling, so it is forced to skip, or multiple As a result of finding that the drilling boom of the hole interferes unexpectedly, it is forced to skip.

Further, one aspect of the ground property evaluation system in front of the face according to the present invention is
A drilling device that drills a charge hole for blasting at multiple drilling points and acquires machine data at the time of drilling.
A projector that projects the drilling point to be drilled next on the face,
It has a control device to evaluate the properties of the ground, and
The control device is
A storage unit that stores the relative positional relationship data and drilling order data of the plurality of charge holes in the face and the machine data at the time of drilling transmitted from the drilling device.
A projector operating unit that projects the drilling point to be drilled next onto the projector based on the drilling order data.
A link portion that links the drilling point with the position information of the face and / or the position information of the drilling device.
It is characterized by having an evaluation unit that evaluates the ground properties in front of the face based on the machine data at the time of drilling for each drilling point having the position information accumulated in the storage section. do.
According to this aspect, the control device includes at least a link unit, a storage unit, and an evaluation unit, and the link unit links the drilling point with the position information of the face and / or the position information of the drilling device to provide the position information. The storage unit stores the machine data at the time of drilling for each drilling point, and the evaluation unit evaluates the ground properties in front of the face based on this stored data, so that comparison is made while applying a general tunnel jumbo. It is possible to specify the drilling position with high accuracy, and to collect the machine data at the time of drilling for drilling the charge hole and evaluating the ground properties in front of the face under high construction safety.

Further, another aspect of the ground property evaluation system in front of the face according to the present invention is the projector when drilling at a part of the drilling points in the drilling sequence data set is skipped. The moving unit executes control to project the drilling point to be drilled next to the drilling point skipped in the drilling order data onto the projector.
The skipped drilling points are stored in the storage unit, and the skipped drilling points are stored in the storage unit.
The projector operating unit is characterized by executing a control to project the skipped drilling points on the projector after the drilling sequence in the drilling order data has been completed or at a predetermined timing by a switch operation. And.
According to this aspect, when an unexpected situation occurs in the implementation work and it is unavoidable to skip the drilling of a part of the drilling points in the setting order, the drilling of the drilling points is skipped. It is possible to realize drilling at skipped drilling points after the drilling sequence has been completed, or at a predetermined timing by operating a switch, and it is possible to guarantee drilling at all drilling points.

According to the ground property evaluation method and the ground property evaluation system in front of the face of the present invention, while applying a general tunnel jumbo that does not have a specific function of three-dimensional position information, under high construction safety. It is possible to identify the drilling position of the charge hole with relatively high accuracy, acquire the machine data at the time of drilling at the drilling position, and evaluate the ground properties in front of the face.

It is a perspective view which shows an example of the ground property evaluation system in front of a face which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the hardware composition of the control device which constitutes a ground property evaluation system. It is a figure which shows an example of the functional structure of a control device. (A) and (b) are front views explaining the projection of the drilling point and the drilling of the charge hole at the projected drilling point in order, and (c) is the drilling on the face surface. It is a front view which shows an example of all charge holes. Both (a) and (b) are diagrams in which an example of the evaluation results of the ground properties is projected onto the face surface, and (a) is a contour diagram based on the degree of hardness of the ground, and (b). ) Is a diagram showing the distribution of drilling time in a grid. It is a flowchart of an example of the ground property evaluation method in front of a face which concerns on embodiment.

Hereinafter, the ground property evaluation method and the ground property evaluation system in front of the face according to the embodiment will be described with reference to the attached drawings. In the present specification and the drawings, substantially the same components may be designated by the same reference numerals to omit duplicate explanations.

[Ground property evaluation system in front of the face according to the embodiment]
First, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, an example of the ground property evaluation system in front of the face according to the embodiment will be described. Here, FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a ground property evaluation system in front of the face according to the embodiment. Further, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the control device constituting the ground property evaluation system, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the control device.

The illustrated ground property evaluation system 50 is a system for drilling a charge hole in the face surface K while evaluating the ground property in front of the face when excavating a mountain tunnel by a blasting method. A plurality of charge holes are drilled in the face surface K along the axial direction of the tunnel T (including the direction inclined from the axial direction) to load the explosive, and the explosive loaded in each charge hole is simultaneously loaded. Alternatively, the tunnel is constructed with a predetermined extension (for example, about 1 m to 3 m) by sequentially detonating. After that, if necessary, steel arch support works made of H-shaped steel or the like are installed at predetermined intervals in the excavation direction to protect the pit wall. When the support member is installed, the sprayed concrete of a predetermined thickness (for example, about 5 cm to 25 cm) is constructed by spraying the concrete so as to involve the support member. After the concrete spraying is completed, lock bolts (not shown) are installed as needed. The ground property evaluation system 50 is not limited to the application to the face surface of a mountain tunnel excavated by the blasting method, and the holes drilled by the drilling device 10 constituting the system are also charged holes. Not limited to. For example, when drilling a hole in the face surface by an auxiliary method such as a mirror bolt, this system can be applied to the drilling based on the evaluation of the ground properties in front of the face and the evaluation result.

The ground property evaluation system 50 includes a hole drilling device 10, a projector 20 that projects drilling points 1A, 1B, etc. to be drilled next to the face, and a control device 30 that evaluates the ground property.

The drilling device 10 is a general tunnel jumbo that does not have a function of specifying its own three-dimensional position information. It has drilling booms 12A and 13A, a workbench 16, an operation chamber 11a (operator cabin), and the like.

The drilling booms 12A and 13A can freely rotate in the X1 direction, undulate in the X2 direction, and expand and contract in the X3 direction with respect to the apparatus main body 11, and each of the drilling booms 12A and 13A has a guide cell. 12B and 13B are tiltably equipped, and drilling bits 14 and 15 are equipped at the tips of the guide cells 12B and 13B. The drilling bits 14 and 15 are known drilling bits, and a plurality of drilling blades (not shown) are mounted on the tip side having a substantially cylindrical shape. The workbench 16 is pivotally supported at the tip of the workbench boom 16a, and is tilted along with the undulations of the workbench boom 16a so that the horizontal state is always maintained. In addition, outriggers 17 (shown only in the front) are mounted on the front and rear of the apparatus main body 11.

The projector 20 is mounted on the ceiling of the operation room 11a. The projector 20 is provided with a joystick 25 for manual adjustment, and the image projected from the projector 20 onto the face surface K can be manually adjusted so as to cover the entire area of the face surface K.

The operation chamber 11a is equipped with a control device 30, and a construction manager or an operator operates the control device 30 in the operation chamber 11a to drill a charging hole by driving control of the drilling booms 12A, 13A and the like. Various controls such as acquisition of machine data at the time of drilling and drilling, operation control of the projector 20, and the like are executed. The various types of control by the control device 30 will be described in detail below. There are various forms such as the number of drilling booms and their configurations other than the illustrated examples, but here, while turning the two drilling booms 12A and 13A, the drilling point set on the face surface K is set. On the other hand, it will be described as a system for drilling a charge hole.

The control device 30 includes an information processing device such as a personal computer (PC: Personal Computer) or a workstation (WS: Work Station), and is composed of a computer.

As shown in FIG. 2, the control device 30 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 31, a main storage device 32, an auxiliary storage device 33, a communication IF (interface) 34, and input / output connected to each other by a connection bus 36. It is equipped with an IF35. The main storage device 32 and the auxiliary storage device 33 are computer-readable recording media. The above components may be provided individually, or some components may not be provided.

The CPU 31 is also called an MPU (Microprocessor) or a processor, and the CPU 31 may be a single processor or a multiprocessor. The CPU 31 is a central processing unit that controls the entire control device 30 including a computer. For example, the CPU 31 executably expands the program stored in the auxiliary storage device 33 in the work area of the main storage device 32, and controls peripheral devices through the execution of the program, thereby performing a function matching a predetermined purpose. I will provide a.

The main storage device 32 stores a computer program executed by the CPU 31, data processed by the CPU 31, and the like. The main storage device 32 includes, for example, a flash memory, a RAM (Random Access Memory), and a ROM (Read Only Memory). The auxiliary storage device 33 stores various programs and various data in a readable / writable recording medium, and is also called an external storage device. The auxiliary storage device 33 stores, for example, an OS (Operating System), various programs, various tables, and the like. The OS includes, for example, a communication interface program that exchanges data with an external device or the like connected via the communication IF 34. External devices include, for example, a gateway, an underground LAN (Local Area Network) connected to the gateway, and a communication device (none of which is shown) provided in a management computer in a work place outside the tunnel. included. The network includes a public network such as the Internet, a wireless network such as a mobile phone network, a dedicated network such as a VPN (Virtual Private Network), a LAN (Local Area Network), and the like.

The auxiliary storage device 33 is used, for example, as a storage area for assisting the main storage device 32, and stores a computer program executed by the CPU 31 and data processed by the CPU 31. The auxiliary storage device 33 is a silicon disk including a non-volatile semiconductor memory (flash memory, EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM)), a hard disk drive (HDD) device, a solid state drive device, or the like. Further, as the auxiliary storage device 33, a drive device of a detachable recording medium such as a CD drive device, a DVD drive device, and a BD drive device is exemplified, and as the detachable recording medium, a CD, a DVD, a BD, and a USB (Universal Serial Bus) are exemplified. ) Memory, SD (Secure Digital) memory card and the like are exemplified.

The communication IF 34 is an interface with the network to which the control device 30 is connected. The communication IF34 receives the three-dimensional position data of the current face surface from the communication device of the management computer in the work place outside the tunnel via the network, and receives the three-dimensional position data of the current face surface from the management computer of the work place. Various drilling machine data at each drilling point provided with the three-dimensional position information in the above, ground property data in front of the face evaluated based on the drilling machine data at each drilling point, and the like are transmitted.

The input / output IF 35 is an interface for inputting / outputting data to / from a device connected to the control device 30. For example, a keyboard, a pointing device such as a touch panel or a mouse, an input device such as a microphone, or the like is connected to the input / output IF35. The control device 30 receives an operation instruction or the like from an operator who operates the input device via the input / output IF 35.

Further, for example, a display device such as a liquid crystal panel (LCD: Liquid Crystal Display) or an organic EL panel (EL: Electroluminescence), and an output device such as a printer or a speaker are connected to the input / output IF35. For example, the current three-dimensional position information data of the face surface transmitted from the management computer of the work place is received via the communication IF 34 and displayed on the display device constituting the input / output IF 35. Further, the face model data including the drilling point data stored in the control device 30 is displayed on the display device.

As shown in FIG. 3, the control device 30 provides at least various functions of the communication unit 302, the projector operation unit 304, the link unit 306, the evaluation unit 308, and the storage unit 310 by executing the program by the CPU 31. At least a part of the processing function may be provided by a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), or the like, and similarly, at least a part of the processing function is an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate). It may be a dedicated LSI (large scale integration) such as an Array), a numerical arithmetic processor, an image processing processor, or other digital circuits.

The communication unit 302 is a management computer in a work place outside the mine via a network via an underground LAN or the like connected to a gateway capable of receiving measurement data provided in the mountain tunnel T. It is connected to the communication IF so that it can communicate. Data may be exchanged between the control device 30 and the management computer via a recording medium such as a CD, DVD, BD, or USB.

The storage unit 310 stores CAD data including face model data having the shape and dimensions of the face surface K to be constructed and a plurality of drilling point data set in the face model data. .. Each of the plurality of drilling point data set in the face model data has relative distance data. Therefore, when the projected image projected from the projector 20 with respect to the actual face surface K is adjusted to cover the entire area or substantially the entire area of the face surface K, each drilling point is set in the CAD data. It will be projected on the actual face surface K with the relative distance. The adjustment of the projected image is performed by the administrator or the like manually adjusting the joystick 25 mounted on the projector 20 in the Y1 direction.

Further, the storage unit 310 stores the three-dimensional position information data of the face surface K via the communication unit 302 or the recording medium as described above. In the construction of the mountain tunnel T, the daily excavation length is managed in the process of excavation by blasting in sequence according to the construction plan, and the extension position including the daily 3D position information of the face surface K is specified at the work place. Has been and is grasped. Therefore, the daily three-dimensional position information data of the face surface K stored in the management computer in the work place is stored in the storage unit 310 via the communication unit 302 or the like as described above.

The projector operating unit 304 wirelessly or wiredly sends a command signal for projecting the next drilling point to be drilled to the projector 20 according to the drilling order of each drilling point stored in the storage unit 310. And send. Upon receiving the command signal, the projector 20 projects the drilling point to be drilled next on the face surface K.

Here, the drilling device 10 of the illustrated example is provided with two drilling bits 14 and 15 at the tips of the two drilling booms 12A and 13A, respectively, and in principle, the two drilling bits 14 and 15 are provided. Are driven in parallel at the same time to drill a charge hole for each of the two drilling points projected on the face surface K. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4A, projection of two drilling points 1A and 1B (two drilling points to be drilled first) is executed by the projector 20 on the face surface K. To. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4B, the drilling points 2A and 2B indicate the two drilling points to be drilled next, and in FIG. 1, the third drilling point 3A, From 3B to the tenth drilling points 10A and 10B are shown. In FIG. 4B, the charging holes E1A and E1B are drilled by simultaneously drilling the two drilling points 1A and 1B shown in FIG. 4A, and then the face surface K. It shows a state in which the drilling points 2A and 2B at which the charge hole is drilled are projected.

Here, the drilling order of the drilling points and the setting of the two drilling points projected at the same time are specified by the drilling machine data for each drilling point acquired at the time of the preceding blasting work. , It is set based on the current distribution of hardness of the face surface K and the like. That is, when drilling two charge holes in parallel with the two drilling bits 14 and 15 provided in the tunnel jumbo 10, the drilling is performed in parallel while preventing the skin from falling off and ensuring the construction safety. It is set as the relative positional relationship and construction order of each drilling point, which makes it possible to prevent mutual interference of a plurality of drilling booms 12A, 13A, etc. that perform holes. The set drilling order data is stored in the storage unit 310.

The above-mentioned machine data at the time of drilling includes data that can identify the hardness of the ground in front of the face, and the impact pressure, feed pressure, drilling speed, and impact when drilling with the drilling bits 14 and 15. Examples include the number, drilling energy based on them, drilling energy based on the drilling time required for drilling and the feed pressure that can change during that period, and the like. In addition, the degree of hardness of the ground and the drilling at each drilling point can be determined only by the drilling time (time required for drilling at a suitable drilling speed) applied when determining the drilling energy. It is useful information because the time required can be specified.

The link portion 306 includes three-dimensional position information data of the face surface K stored in the storage portion 310 and CAD data related to the face model (the shape and dimensions of the face surface K to be constructed are provided, and the relative drilling points are relative to each other. By synthesizing (or integrating) both data (CAD data including position information data), the three-dimensional position information is associated with each drilling point.

In this way, the link portion 306 integrates the three-dimensional position information data of the face surface K and the CAD data of the drilling point projected on the face surface K, thereby designating its own three-dimensional position information. It is possible to specify the three-dimensional position information of each charge hole even in the drilling of the charge hole to which the general tunnel jumbo 10 is not provided.

In the above link method by the link portion 306, for example, in the face surface K of the mountain tunnel T having a cross-sectional area of about several tens of m ² to several hundred m ² , the distance between the charge holes is about 10 cm to 30 cm. The three-dimensional position information of each drilling point is roughly specified without being based on the detailed survey results, on the premise that the evaluation of the ground properties in front of the face surface is not significantly affected by the inclusion of. .. For example, a total station may be installed on the wellhead side of a mountain tunnel, a target may be installed at the tips of guide cells 12B and 13B, and the total station may be used to specify three-dimensional position information of each drilling point.

The control device 30 is provided with drive control units (not shown) such as drilling booms 12A and 13A, and drives and controls each drilling point projected from the projector operating unit 304 onto the face surface K. The portion drives and controls the drilling booms 12A, 13A, etc., so that the drilling bits 14 and 15 perform drilling of the charge hole at each drilling point.

When drilling a charge hole at each drilling point with the drilling bits 14 and 15, the drilling machine data acquired for each drilling point is acquired, and the drilling machine data acquired for each drilling point is obtained. It is stored in the storage unit 310. Although not shown, the drilling bits 14, 15 and the like are equipped with various sensors such as a pressure sensor, and various drilling machine data are acquired by the various sensors. As shown in FIG. 4 (c), in the face surface K, charge holes E1A, E1B to E10A, E10B are drilled for each drilling point, and each charge hole E1A, E1B to E10A, E10B is drilled. Machine data at the time of drilling acquired at the time of drilling is accumulated in the storage unit 310. Therefore, in the storage unit 310, unique machine data at the time of drilling is stored for each of the charging holes E1A, E1B to E10A, and E10B to which the three-dimensional position information is linked.

Here, when the drilling at a part of the drilling points in the set drilling order data is skipped, the projector operating unit 304 is next to the skipped drilling point in the drilling order data. The control to project the drilling point to be drilled on the projector 20 is executed. For example, if an unexpected situation occurs in the implementation work and it is unavoidable to skip the drilling of a part of the drilling points in the setting order, the drilling of the drilling points is skipped and the drilling order is skipped. Drills at the skipped drilling points after one round. For example, if a drilling point is softer than expected and there is a risk of skin falling, it is forced to skip, or as a result of finding that multiple drilling booms interfere unexpectedly, it is forced to skip. In such cases, the above control is executed by the projector operating unit 304.

Here, the skip can be executed, for example, by the construction manager or the like making a judgment by looking at the work situation and manually operating the projector operating unit 304. The skipped drilling points are stored in the storage unit 310, and after the drilling order in the drilling order data has been completed, the projector operating unit 304 projects the skipped drilling points on the projector 20. Execute control to make it.

The evaluation unit 308 evaluates the ground properties in front of the face based on the machine data at the time of drilling for each of the charging holes E1A, E1B to E10A, and E10B having three-dimensional position information accumulated in the storage unit 310. do. The machine data at the time of drilling includes data that can identify the hardness of the ground, etc., and the impact pressure and feed pressure, drilling speed, number of impacts and drilling energy based on them when drilling with a drilling bit. , Drilling energy based on the drilling time required for drilling and the feed pressure that can change during that time.

FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) show an example of the evaluation result of the ground property projected onto the face surface, and more specifically, FIG. 5 (a) shows the hardness of the ground. It is a contour diagram based on the degree, and FIG. 5B is a diagram showing the distribution of drilling time in a grid. In addition to being projected from the projector 20 onto the face surface K, examples of the evaluation results of the ground properties shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B are liquid crystals connected to, for example, the input / output IF35 of the control device 30. It is displayed on a display device such as a panel.

In the contour diagram shown in FIG. 5A, the face surface K is classified into five types of areas according to the degree of hardness and softness, and the degree of hardness and softness is classified according to the drilling energy EN based on the machine data at the time of drilling. .. In the illustrated example, the area in the range of drilling energy EN1 to 2 is evaluated as a hard ground, and the area in the range of drilling energy EN2 to 3 is a slightly hard ground and the range of drilling energy EN3 to 4. A contour map is created by evaluating the area in the area as a normal ground, the area in the range of drilling energy EN4 to 5 as a slightly soft ground, and the area in the range of drilling energy EN5 to 6 as a soft ground. ing. There are various stages of hardness and softness of the ground to be evaluated other than the illustrated examples. Further, instead of the contour diagram as shown in the illustrated example, an image having the corresponding drilling energy data (color-coded, pattern-coded, etc. according to the drilling energy) is projected for each charge hole. May be good.

On the other hand, in the grid diagram shown in FIG. 5B, the face surface K is divided into a plurality of grids, and each grid has a pattern unique to the time required for drilling the charge holes in each grid. It is a figure which divided the pattern. In the illustrated example, each grid is evaluated by five required time range divisions of an area of drilling time t1 to t2, ..., And an area of drilling time t5 to t6. The time required for drilling varies depending on the feed pressure applied at the time of drilling, but for example, the drilling speed is set after setting a suitable drilling speed that does not cause hole bending or roughening. By applying the time required for drilling at the hole speed to each grid, the approximate time required for drilling the charge hole can be easily specified, and each grid can be easily specified at this required time. It is possible to judge the quality of the rough ground properties of.

[Method for evaluating the properties of the ground in front of the face according to the embodiment]
Next, with reference to FIG. 6, an example of the ground property evaluation method in front of the face according to the embodiment will be described. Here, FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an example of the ground property evaluation method in front of the face according to the embodiment. In the description using the flowchart shown in FIG. 6, the description will be given with reference to FIG. 1 and the like as appropriate.

The method for evaluating the ground properties in front of the face is to drill a charge hole for blasting at a plurality of drill points in the face K of the mountain tunnel T with the drilling device 10 shown in FIG. This is a method of evaluating the ground properties in front of the face by linking the machine data at the time of drilling acquired by the drilling device 10 and the position information of the charging hole.

In this ground property evaluation method, first, the relative positional relationship of a plurality of drilling points in the face and the drilling order are set. In making this setting, the current distribution of hardness and softness of the face surface K, which is specified by the machine data at the time of drilling for each drilling point acquired at the time of the preceding blasting work, is referred to. Based on the current distribution of hardness of the face surface K, etc., when drilling two charge holes in parallel with the two drilling bits 14 and 15 provided in the tunnel jumbo 10, it is constructed to prevent skin falling. While ensuring safety, the relative positional relationship and construction order of each drilling point are set, which makes it possible to prevent mutual interference between multiple drilling booms 12A, 13A, etc. that drill holes in parallel. In FIG. 1, a total of 20 drilling points 1A, 1B to 10A, and 10B to be drilled in parallel are set (the above is the setting step (step S100)).

Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the projector 20 mounted on the drilling device 10 projects the drilling point to be drilled next on the face surface K. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the first drilling points 1A and 1B are projected onto the face surface K, and thereafter, after drilling the charge hole at each drilling point, the face of the next drilling point is drilled. Projection to the surface K is sequentially performed (the above is the projection step (step S102)).

Next, for the two drilling points projected in the projection process, the charging holes are drilled with the two drilling bits 14 and 15, respectively, and at that time, the drilling bits 14 and 15 and the like are used. Acquire machine data at the time of drilling with various equipped sensors. Here, the drilling machine data includes the impact pressure and feed pressure when drilling with the drilling bits 14 and 15, the drilling speed, the number of impacts, and the drilling energy based on them (above,). Drilling acquisition step (step S104)).

By repeating the projection process and the drilling acquisition process described above according to the drilling order, machine data at the time of drilling for each drilling point is accumulated, and at that time, each drilling point and the face surface K are collected. The position information of the drilling point is specified by linking with the position information of the drilling device 10 and / or the position information of the drilling device 10, and the machine data at the time of drilling for each drilling point provided with the position information is accumulated.

The method of linking the above-mentioned drilling point and its three-dimensional position information is a plurality of three-dimensional position information regarding the currently exposed face surface K specified in a work place or the like and a plurality of methods for the face surface K. This is performed by synthesizing (integrating) the face model data (CAD data) projected with the drilling points having a relative positional relationship. By such a linking method, it is possible to link the drilling point projected on the face surface K and its three-dimensional position information with a certain degree of accuracy while applying a general tunnel jumbo. By the above method, data on all the charged holes having its own three-dimensional position information and unique drilling machine data are accumulated (the above is the data accumulation step (step S106)).

Next, the ground properties in front of the face (degree of hardness of the ground and its distribution, etc.) are evaluated based on the machine data at the time of drilling for each charge hole to which the three-dimensional position information with a certain degree of accuracy is linked. (Evaluation step (step S108)). Based on the evaluation result in the evaluation process, it becomes possible to perform safe and efficient subsequent drilling (blasting).

In the above-mentioned method for evaluating the ground properties in front of the face, when the drilling points at some of the drilling points in the set drilling sequence are skipped, the drilling points skipped in the drilling order are skipped in the projection step. Next, the drilling point to be drilled is projected, and in the drilling acquisition process, the charge hole is drilled at the projected drilling point, and after the drilling sequence is completed, it is projected at the skipped drilling point. Perform the process and drilling acquisition process. According to this method, even if an unexpected situation occurs in the implementation work and it is necessary to skip the drilling of some drilling points in the setting order, the drilling at all the drilling points is guaranteed. can do.

It should be noted that the configuration or the like described in the above embodiment may be another embodiment in which other components are combined, and the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown here. This point can be changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and can be appropriately determined according to the application form thereof.

10: Drilling device (tunnel jumbo)
11: Device main body 11a: Operation room (operator cabin)
12A, 13A: Drilling boom 12B, 13B: Guide cell 14, 15: Drilling bit 16: Workbench 20: Projector 25 Joystick 30: Control device (control panel)
50: Ground property evaluation system (ground property evaluation system in front of the face)
302: Communication unit 304: Projector operation unit 306: Link unit 308: Evaluation unit 310: Storage unit K: Face surface (face)
T: Tunnel (mountain tunnel)
1A, 1B, 2A, 2B: Drilling points E1A to E10B: Charge holes

Claims (4)

With respect to the face of the tunnel, a charge hole for blasting is drilled at a plurality of drill points with a drilling device, and the drilling machine data acquired by the drilling device and the charging hole at the time of drilling are drilled. It is a method of evaluating the ground properties in front of the face by linking the position information of the face.
A setting step for setting the relative positional relationship and drilling order of a plurality of the drilling points on the face.
A projection process in which a projector projects a drilling point to be drilled next on the face.
The drilling device drills the charged hole at the drilling point projected in the projection step, and at that time, the drilling device acquires the machine data at the time of drilling. Acquisition process and
By repeating the projection step and the drilling acquisition step according to the drilling order, the drilling machine data for each drilling point is accumulated, and at that time, each drilling point and the drilling point are described. The position information of the drilling point is specified by linking the position information of the face and / or the position information of the drilling device, and the machine data at the time of drilling for each drilling point having the position information is accumulated. , Data collection process and
A method for evaluating the ground properties in front of the face, which comprises an evaluation step of evaluating the ground properties in front of the face based on the accumulated machine data at the time of drilling for each of the drill points. When skipping a hole at a part of the hole points in the set hole order, in the projection step, the hole is scheduled to be drilled next to the skipped hole point in the hole order. A drilling point is projected, and in the drilling acquisition step, the charging hole is drilled at the projected drilling point.
The first aspect of the present invention, wherein the projection step and the drilling acquisition step are performed at the skipped drilling points after the drilling sequence has been completed or at a predetermined timing by a switch operation. How to evaluate the ground properties in front of the face. It is a ground property evaluation system in front of the face,
A drilling device that drills a charge hole for blasting at multiple drilling points and acquires machine data at the time of drilling.
A projector that projects the drilling point to be drilled next on the face,
It has a control device to evaluate the properties of the ground, and
The control device is
A storage unit for storing relative positional relationship data and drilling order data of a plurality of the charged holes in the face, and the drilling machine data transmitted from the drilling device.
A projector operating unit that projects the drilling point to be drilled next onto the projector based on the drilling order data.
A link portion that links the drilling point with the position information of the face and / or the position information of the drilling device.
It is characterized by having an evaluation unit that evaluates the ground properties in front of the face based on the machine data at the time of drilling for each drilling point having the position information accumulated in the storage section. A ground property evaluation system in front of the face. When the drilling at a part of the drilling points in the set drilling sequence data is skipped, the projector operating unit is next to the drilling point skipped in the drilling sequence data. The control to project the drilling point to be drilled on the projector is executed.
The skipped drilling points are stored in the storage unit, and the skipped drilling points are stored in the storage unit.
The projector operating unit is characterized by executing a control to project the skipped drilling points on the projector after the drilling sequence in the drilling order data has been completed or at a predetermined timing by a switch operation. The ground property evaluation system in front of the face according to claim 3.

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