JP2022030695A - Shading system and reflected daylight source derivation system - Google Patents

Abstract

To easily reflect the effect of sunlight reflected off surrounding buildings on the control of a shading device installed on a window of an exterior wall of a building.SOLUTION: A shading system 100 has a blind 50 installed on a window 30 of an exterior wall 20 of a building 10, an open/close history recording unit 62 that records the open/close history of the manually operated blind 50, and a control unit 60 that controls the blind 50 to open and close it using the records in the open/close history recording unit 62.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a shading system and a reflected sun light source derivation device.

Patent Document 1 discloses a technique relating to a control device for an electric blind that automatically controls a slat raising / lowering operation and a slat angle adjusting operation of the electric blind. In this prior art, the control device for the electric blind blocks the incident of direct light into the room based on the calculation means that calculates the incident angle of sunlight at regular intervals and the incident angle calculated by the calculation means. It is equipped with a control unit that controls the slat angle of the electric blind. The calculation means can calculate the incident angle of the reflected light reflected and incident on the reflecting object, and the control unit is a control building in which the electric blind is installed based on the incident angle of the reflected light calculated by the calculation means. The slat angle is controlled so as to block the incident of reflected light inward.

Patent Document 2 discloses a technique relating to a blind control system. In this prior art, the blind control system has a luminance distribution measuring unit that measures the outdoor luminance distribution facing the window surface, and a control unit that controls the blinds based on the outdoor luminance distribution measured by the luminance distribution measuring unit. It is equipped with. The luminance distribution measuring unit has a camera directed to the outside in order to obtain image data of the luminance distribution regarding the light incident on the window surface from the outside.

Patent Document 3 discloses a technique relating to a control device for an electric blind having a function of automatically adjusting the height and angle of slats. In this prior art, the control device for the electric blind is installed at an outdoor illuminance meter that detects the presence or absence of direct light from the sun, an indoor illuminance meter provided for each electric blind, and a position where the direct light from the sun is incident. When the illuminance value detected by the outdoor illuminance meter exceeds the preset specified value and the illuminance value detected by the indoor illuminance meter does not exceed the specified value, the angle of the slats of the electric blind is changed. It is equipped with a shade control device that controls the angle at which outside light is taken in.

Patent Document 4 discloses a technique relating to an energy saving control device. In this prior art, the energy-saving control device has a plurality of slats arranged side by side in an opening of a building, and a coordinated control unit controls a blind configured so that the elevating position of the slats and the rotation angle of the slats can be adjusted. The cooperative control unit performs elevating control that controls the elevating position of the slats and opening / closing control that controls the rotation angle of the slats, and uses the incident light that enters the building through the blinds to light load and air-condition the inside of the building. A control unit for controlling the elevating position of the slats and the rotation angle of the slats is provided in a direction of suppressing the sum of the energy consumption of each load.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-073657 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-023428 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-156817 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-132194

In the case of control that automatically shields the light-shielding device installed on the window of the outer wall of the building, for example, control that automatically opens and closes the blinds, for example, the reflected sunlight reflected on the surrounding building is simulated in advance and incorporated into the control program. There is a need. Furthermore, if the building is a peripheral building built after completion, it is necessary to perform a new simulation and update the control program.

In view of the above facts, it is an object of the present invention to easily reflect the influence of the reflected sunlight reflected on the surrounding buildings on the control of the light shielding device installed on the window of the outer wall of the building.

The first aspect is a light-shielding device installed on a window of an outer wall of a building, a light-shielding recording unit that records at least one of a light-shielding history and a lighting history of the light-shielding device manually operated, and a recording of the light-shielding recording unit. It is a shading system including a control device that controls the shading device to block light and collect light by using the sun position.

In the light-shielding system of the first aspect, the control device controls the light-shielding device to light-shield and daylight by using at least one of the light-shielding history and the daylighting history of the manually operated light-shielding device and the sun position. Therefore, the influence of the reflected sunlight reflected on the surrounding buildings can be easily reflected on the control of the light-shielding device installed on the window of the outer wall of the building.

The second aspect has an illuminance recording unit that records the history of illuminance of the window or the vicinity of the window, and the control device uses the recording of the light-shielding recording unit and the recording of the illuminance recording unit. The light-shielding system according to the first aspect, which controls a light-shielding device to block light and collect light.

In the light-shielding system of the second aspect, the control device uses the recording of the illuminance recording unit that records the history of the illuminance of the window or the vicinity of the window in addition to the recording of the light-shielding recording unit. Even if there are days when the device is not operated, the influence of the reflected sunlight reflected on the surrounding buildings can be easily reflected on the control of the light-shielding device installed on the window of the outer wall of the building.

The third aspect has an illuminance measuring unit for measuring illuminance on the roof of the building, and the control device controls so as not to block light when the illuminance measured by the illuminance measuring unit is equal to or less than a threshold value. Alternatively, it is the shading system according to the second aspect.

In the shading system of the third aspect, when the illuminance is equal to or less than the threshold value, that is, when it is cloudy or rainy, the shading can be prevented.

The fourth aspect is a light-shielding recording unit that records the light-shielding history of the light-shielding device by manually operating the light-shielding device installed on the window of the outer wall of the building, and the sun position at the time of light-shielding recorded in the light-shielding recording unit. Using the orientation of the window, a derivation unit for deriving the position of the reflected light source of the reflector by using the incident light in the case of the sun position where the direct sunlight does not enter from the window as the reflected sunlight reflected by the reflector. It is a reflection day light source derivation device equipped with.

In the reflection day light source derivation device of the fourth aspect, the derivation part reflects using the sun position at the time of shading in the shading history in which the shading device installed on the window of the outer wall of the building is manually operated and the direction of the window. Derived the position of the reflected light source of the body. Therefore, for example, the position of the reflected light source can be derived even if the surrounding building constructed in the vicinity after the completion of the building is a reflector.

The fifth aspect has an illuminance recording unit that records the history of illuminance of the window or the vicinity of the window, and the derivation unit is recorded at the time of shading recorded in the light-shielding recording unit and in the illuminance recording unit. The reflected day light source deriving device according to a fourth aspect, which derives the reflected light source position based on the position of the sun at an illuminance equal to or higher than a threshold value and the direction of the window.

In the reflection day light source derivation device of the fifth aspect, in addition to the recording of the shading recording unit, the history of the illuminance of the window or the vicinity of the window is used. However, the position of the reflected light source can be derived more accurately.

According to the present invention, the influence of the reflected sunlight reflected on the surrounding buildings can be easily reflected on the control of the shading device installed on the window of the outer wall of the building.

It is a vertical sectional view along the east and west of a living room with a window provided with blinds. It is a perspective view which shows the building and the surrounding buildings schematically. It is a block diagram of the shading system of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram functionally showing the control device of the shading system of FIG. It is a flowchart of automatic opening / closing control of a blind. It is a top view which shows the building and the surrounding buildings schematically.

<Embodiment>
The shading system 100 of the present embodiment will be described. In the figure, the south direction is indicated by reference numeral S, the north direction is indicated by reference numeral N, the east direction is indicated by reference numeral E, and the west direction is indicated by reference numeral W.

[Building composition]
First, the building 10 provided with the shading system 100 will be described.

The building 10 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is a so-called office building. Further, another building 500 is constructed next to this building 10. In addition, this other building 500 will be referred to as "peripheral building 500" hereafter.

As shown in FIG. 2, a pyranometer 42 is installed on the rooftop 12 of the building 10. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a blind 50 as an example of a light-shielding device is provided in the window 30 of the outer wall 20 of the building 10. Further, the window 30 provided with the blind 50 is provided with an illuminance meter 40. In the present embodiment, the room provided with the window 30 and the blind 50 is referred to as a living room 22.

The blind 50 has a plurality of long, plate-shaped slats 52 arranged along the horizontal direction, and has a structure that can be opened and closed by changing the angle of the slats 52. When the out-of-plane direction of the slat 52 is horizontal or substantially horizontal, the blind 50 is in a closed state. Further, when the out-of-plane direction of the slat 52 is along the vertical direction or the substantially vertical direction, the blind 50 is in an open state.

The blind 50 has an opening / closing mechanism portion 54 that opens / closes by changing the angle of the slats 52. Further, the blind 50 has a controller 56 for a person in the living room 22 to manually open and close the blind 50. The opening / closing mechanism portion 54 has an electric motor, a link mechanism, and the like (not shown).

[Shading system]
Next, the shading system 100 will be described.

As shown in FIG. 3, the shading system 100 includes a blind 50, a control device 60, an illuminance meter 40, and a pyranometer 42. The shading system 100 automatically opens and closes the blind 50 from the opening / closing history of the blind 50 and the illuminance history of the illuminance meter 40 by manual operation.

The opening / closing mechanism portion 54 described above is electrically connected to the control device 60, and the opening / closing of the blind 50 is controlled by the control device 60. Further, the controller 56, the illuminance meter 40 provided on the window 30 (see FIG. 1), and the pyranometer 42 installed on the rooftop 12 (see FIG. 2) are electrically connected to the control device 60, respectively. ..

The hardware configuration of the control device 60 constituting the shading system 100 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) (not shown), a ROM (Read Only Memory) that stores programs for realizing each processing routine, and data temporarily. It is composed of a computer including a RAM (Random Access Memory) for storing in a memory, an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) as a storage means, a network interface, and the like. The control device 60 may be configured by using a plurality of servers, a cloud, or the like.

As shown in FIG. 4, the control device 60 functionally includes an open / close history recording unit 62, an illuminance history recording unit 64, a derivation unit 66, and an open / close control unit 68.

The opening / closing history recording unit 62 stores the history of manual opening / closing (hereinafter referred to as “open / close history”) using the controller 56 (see FIGS. 1 and 3) of the blind 50. The opening / closing history in the present embodiment records the time (month, day, hour, minute) when the blind 50 is closed and when it is open.

The illuminance history recording unit 64 stores the history of illuminance measured by the illuminance meter 40 (see FIGS. 1 and 3) (hereinafter referred to as “illuminance history”). The illuminance history in this embodiment is a record of the time course of illuminance in the window 30.

The derivation unit 66 derives the reflection light source position HK (see FIGS. 2 and 6) described later.

The opening / closing control unit 68 controls the opening / closing mechanism unit 54 (see FIGS. 1 and 3) to open / close the blind 50 (see FIGS. 1 and 3).

Further, the open / close control unit 68 acquires time information. The time information is the current time including the year, month, day, hour and minute, and in the present embodiment, it is acquired from the NTP server 18 via the Internet 16. Further, the open / close control unit 68 is input with the measured value of the pyranometer 42 (see FIGS. 2 and 3).

The opening / closing control unit 68 uses the opening / closing history stored in the opening / closing history recording unit 62, the illuminance history recorded in the illuminance history recording unit 64, the measured value of the pyranometer 42, and the acquired time information to be used in the opening / closing mechanism unit 54. A control program for controlling the opening and closing of the blind 50 (see FIG. 1), a database, and the like are stored. The database stores data such as the orientation of the window 30. The "direction of the window 30" is the direction in which the window 30 is facing.

[Automatic opening and closing control of blinds]
Next, the automatic opening / closing control of the blind 50 will be described. The sun T shown by the solid line in FIGS. 2 and 6 indicates the case where the window 30 is irradiated with the reflected sunlight HN reflected by the direct sunlight CN on the surrounding building 500, and the sun T shown by the imaginary line is the window of the direct sunlight CN. The case where it is irradiated to 30 is shown.

The open / close control unit 68 determines whether or not the illuminance of the pyranometer 42 on the rooftop 12 is equal to or higher than the threshold value. The threshold value of illuminance is appropriately set. For example, the threshold value of the illuminance may be the illuminance such as cloudy weather and rain, or the illuminance that the person in the living room 22 feels dazzling.

Then, when the illuminance of the pyranometer 42 is less than the threshold value, the blind 50 is opened. On the other hand, when the illuminance of the pyranometer 42 is equal to or higher than the threshold value, the sun position of the sun T (see FIGS. 2 and 6) is obtained from the time information, and the direct sunlight CN (FIG. 2) is obtained from the window 30 from the sun position and the direction of the window 30. And see Fig. 6). The sun position is the solar azimuth angle and the solar zenith angle.

When direct sunlight does not enter, reflected sunlight reflected from the reflected light source position HK (see FIGS. 2 and 6), the sun position, the orientation of the window 30, and the reflected light source position HK (see FIGS. 2 and 6). It is determined whether or not the HN (see FIGS. 2 and 6) enters through the window 30. In the present embodiment, the reflection light source position HK is a reflection position on the wall surface 502 (see FIGS. 2 and 6) of the surrounding building 500 where sunlight is reflected. Further, the reflection light source position HK is derived by the derivation unit 66, and the derivation result is stored in the derivation unit 66.

Then, the open / close control unit 68 closes the blind 50 when at least one of the direct sunlight CN (see FIGS. 2 and 6) and the reflected sunlight HN (see FIGS. 2 and 6) enters through the window 30. If both direct sunlight CN and reflected sunlight HN cannot enter through the window 30, open the blind 50.

Next, the automatic opening / closing control of the blind 50 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

In step S102, the open / close control unit 68 determines whether or not the illuminance of the pyranometer 42 on the rooftop 12 is equal to or higher than the threshold value. When the illuminance of the pyranometer 42 is equal to or higher than the threshold value (step S102: YES), the process proceeds to step S108 to open the blind 50. If the illuminance of the pyranometer 42 is less than the threshold value (step S102: NO), the process proceeds to step S104.

In step S104, the position of the sun is obtained from the time information, and whether or not direct sunlight enters from the window 30 is obtained from the position of the sun and the direction of the window 30. When direct sunlight enters (step S104: YES), the process proceeds to step S110 and the blind 50 is closed. If direct sunlight does not enter through the window 30 (step S104: NO), the process proceeds to step S106.

In step S106, it is determined whether or not the reflected sunlight HN reflected by the reflected light source position HK from the reflected light source position HK read from the derivation unit 66, the sun position, and the direction of the window 30 enters from the window 30. When reflected sunlight enters (step S106: YES), the process proceeds to step S110, and the blind 50 is closed. If direct sunlight does not enter through the window 30 (step S106: NO), the process proceeds to step S108 to open the blind 50.

As described above, in step S108, the open / close control unit 68 opens the blind 50, and in step S110, the open / close control unit 68 closes the blind 50 and returns to step S102.

[Derivation of reflected light source position]
Next, a method of deriving the reflected light source position HK in the deriving unit 66 will be described.

The derivation unit 66 shown in FIG. 4 uses the opening / closing history stored in the opening / closing history recording unit 62 to determine the position of the sun when the blind 50 (see FIG. 1) is closed. That is, the position of the sun at the time when the blind 50 is closed is obtained.

Next, in the lead-out unit 66, the sunlight shining on the window 30 at the time when the blind 50 is closed from the position of the sun and the direction of the window 30 is the direct sunlight CN (see FIGS. 2 and 6) and the surrounding buildings. It is determined whether it is one of the reflected sunlight HN (see FIGS. 2 and 6) reflected by the wall surface 502 (see FIGS. 2 and 6) of the 500.

In the case of the reflected sunlight HN, the derivation unit 66 obtains the reflected light source position HK from the position of the sun and the direction of the window 30. The calculation method of the reflected light source position HK will be described later.

Further, the derivation unit 66 obtains the sun position when the illuminance is equal to or higher than a predetermined value by using the irradiation history stored in the illuminance history recording unit 64. That is, the position of the sun at a time when the illuminance of the window 30 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value is obtained. The fact that the illuminance of the illuminance meter 40 provided in the window 30 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value indicates that the window 30 is irradiated with direct sunlight CN or reflected sunlight HN.

In the lead-out unit 66, the sunlight shining on the window 30 at a time when the illuminance of the window 30 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value is reflected by the direct sunlight CN and the surrounding building 500 from the position of the sun and the direction of the window 30. It is determined whether it is one of the above.

In the case of the reflected sunlight HN, the derivation unit 66 similarly obtains the reflected light source position HK from the position of the sun and the direction of the window 30. The calculation method of the reflected light source position HK will be described later.

[Calculation method of reflected light source position]
Next, an example of the calculation method of the reflected light source position HK in the derivation unit 66 will be described.

The position of the building 10 shown in FIGS. 2 and 6 is defined as latitude φ: north latitude 35.667397.
Longitude L: East longitude 139.81984
age,
The window 30 faces east.
In addition, the date and time is set to 12:00 on the day when the night time is the longest (the day of the Dongzhi).

First, the sun position of the sun T when the blind 50 (see FIG. 2) is closed, that is, the solar azimuth angle α and the solar altitude h are obtained.

In addition, other conditions are set at true solar time: th.
Sun Red Latitude: δ
Hour angle: t
All day from New Year's Day: n (Sun)
Japan Standard Time: T
Equation of time: e
And.

th = T + (L-135) x 4 + e (1)

t = (th-12) × 15 (2)

Δ = 23.45 × sin (0.017166n-1.3988) (3)

sinHN = sinφ × sinΔ + cosφ × cosΔ × cost (4)

sinα = cosΔ × sat / cost (5)

And
From these (1) to (4)

th = T + (L-135) x 4 + e
= 12+ (139.819848-135) x 4 + 1.309
= 12:20:35 (12:20:35)

t = (th-12) × 15
= (12.343-12) × 15
= 5.145

Δ = 23.45 × sin (0.017166n-1.3988)
= 23.45 x sin (0.017166 x 357-1.3988)
= -23.45

sinHN = sinφ × sinΔ + cosφ × cosΔ × cost
= 30.72

sinα = cosΔ × sat / cost
= 185.49

Will be.

The equation of time e is
Equation of time e = average solar time-viewing solar time
= (Time difference-Longitude / 15) +12 o'clock-Calculated from the sun's south-central time,

Further, the wall surface 502, which is a reflective surface of the surrounding building 500, faces vertically and faces west.

Since the incident angle of the direct sunlight CN on the wall surface 502 and the reflected angle of the reflected sunlight HN are equal to each other, the wall surface 502 on the extension line of the reflected sunlight HN having the solar azimuth angle α and the solar altitude h becomes the reflected light source position HK.

When the illuminance of the illuminometer 40 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the reflection light source position HK can be calculated in the same manner.

Here, the reflected light source position HK moves with the movement of the sun position of the sun T. That is, the reflected light source position HK moves with the passage of time. Therefore, by accumulating the data of the reflected light source position HK of the wall surface 502 of the peripheral building 500 derived, the range of the reflected light source position HK is accurately derived, and the above-mentioned automatic opening / closing control of the blind 50 is performed. The accuracy will improve. From another point of view, by plotting the reflected light source position HK, the range of the reflected light source position HK can be accurately obtained.

It is desirable that the data of the reflected light source position HK is accumulated all day (24 hours) and throughout the year (365 days). However, the data may be data only for some days. In that case, the day with the longest daytime (summer solstice day), the day with the longest night length (dunzhi day), and the day with the same daytime and night length (spring equinox day or autumnal equinox day). It is desirable to have data.

<Action and effect>
Next, the operation and effect of this embodiment will be described.

In the shading system 100, the control device 60 opens and closes the blind 50 by using the opening / closing history of the blind 50 manually operated by using the controller 56. Therefore, the influence of the reflected sunlight HK reflected on the surrounding building 500 can be easily reflected on the control of the blind 50 installed in the window 30 of the outer wall 20 of the building 10.

Further, since the control device 60 uses the illuminance history of the illuminance meter 40 provided in the window 30 in addition to the opening / closing history of the blind 50, for example, the blind 50 is manually opened / closed using the controller 56 in the living room 22 on Saturdays and Sundays. Even if there are days when there is no operation, the influence of the reflected sunlight HN reflected on the surrounding building 500 can be easily reflected.

Further, when the illuminance measured by the pyranometer 42 provided on the rooftop 12 is equal to or less than the threshold value, the blind 50 can be opened without closing, for example, on a cloudy or rainy day.

<Others>
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

For example, in the above embodiment, the opening / closing history of the blind 50, that is, both the closed shading history and the open lighting history are recorded, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Either one may be used.

Further, for example, in the above embodiment, the illuminance meter 40 is provided in the window 30, but the present invention is not limited to this. An illuminance meter 40 may be provided in the vicinity of the window 30. That is, when there is no person in the living room 22, the illuminance meter 40 may be provided at a position where it can be detected when the direct sunlight CN and the reflected sunlight HN enter from the window 30.

Further, for example, in the above embodiment, control is performed using the illuminance history of the illuminance meter 40 in addition to the opening / closing history of the blind 50, but the present invention is not limited to this. It may be controlled using only the opening / closing history of the blind 50.

Further, for example, in the above embodiment, when the illuminance measured by the pyranometer 42 installed on the rooftop 12 is equal to or less than a predetermined value, the blind 50 is controlled not to be closed, but the present invention is not limited to this. It is not necessary to use the pyranometer 42 installed on the roof 12.

Further, for example, in the above embodiment, the blind 50 is used as the shading device, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it may be a window to which a light control film whose transmittance increases or decreases depending on the applied voltage is attached.

Here, the reflected light source position HK is used for automatic control of the light-shielding device such as automatic opening / closing control of the blind 50, but the present invention is not limited to this. The reflected light source position HK can be used, for example, for estimating the outline of the position and size of the newly constructed or rebuilt surrounding building 500, investigating light pollution, and the like. For example, by plotting the reflected light source position HK, the range of the reflected light source position HK can be accurately obtained. Further, by matching the reflection light source positions HK of the plurality of windows 30, the position and size of the wall surface 502 of the surrounding building 500 can be estimated.

Further, the control device 60 estimates the position and size of the wall surface 502 of the peripheral building 500 described above, the position of the sun, the direction of the window 30, and the direct sunlight CH is blocked by the peripheral building 500 and becomes the window 30. It may be used to control the opening and closing of the blind 50 in order to obtain the time when no irradiation is performed. That is, when it becomes a shadow of the surrounding building 500 and the direct sunlight CH does not irradiate the window 30, the blind 50 may be controlled to be closed.

Further, it can be carried out in various embodiments without departing from the gist of the present invention. A plurality of embodiments, modifications, and the like can be combined and implemented as appropriate.

10 Building 12 Rooftop 20 Outer wall 30 Window 40 Pyranometer 42 Pyranometer (an example of illuminance measurement unit)
50 blinds (an example of shading device)
60 Control device (an example of a reflected day light source derivation device)
62 Open / close history recording unit (an example of light-shielding recording unit)
64 Illuminance history recording unit (example of illuminance recording unit)
66 Derivation part 100 Shading system 500 Peripheral building (example of reflector)
CN Direct sunlight HN Reflected sunlight HK Reflected light source position

Claims (5)

A light-shielding device installed on the window of the outer wall of the building,
A light-shielding recording unit that records at least one of the light-shielding history and the lighting history of the light-shielding device operated manually, and
A control device that controls the light-shielding device to block light and collect light by using the recording of the light-shielding recording unit and the position of the sun.
Shading system with. It has an illuminance recording unit that records the history of illuminance in or near the window.
The control device controls the light-shielding device to block light and collect light by using the recording of the light-shielding recording unit and the recording of the illuminance recording unit.
The shading system according to claim 1. It has an illuminance measuring unit that measures illuminance on the roof of the building.
The control device controls so as not to block light when the illuminance measured by the illuminance measuring unit is equal to or less than the threshold value.
The shading system according to claim 1 or 2. A light-shielding recording unit that records the light-shielding history of the light-shielding device that was manually operated by the light-shielding device installed on the window of the outer wall of the building.
Using the position of the sun at the time of shading recorded in the light-shielding recording unit and the direction of the window, the incident light in the case of the sun position where direct sunlight does not enter from the window is used as reflected sunlight reflected by the reflector. , A derivation unit that derives the position of the reflection light source of the reflector,
Reflected day light source derivation device equipped with. It has an illuminance recording unit that records the history of illuminance in or near the window.
The derivation unit derives the reflection light source position based on the position of the sun at the time of shading recorded in the light-shielding recording unit and the illuminance above the threshold value recorded in the illuminance recording unit, and the direction of the window. ,
The reflected day light source deriving device according to claim 4.

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