JP2022017544A - Information processor, control method and program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable an order quantity that can reduce the inventory shortage to be calculated by calculating the minimum necessary safety stock based on the expected future sales volume etc.

SOLUTION: An information processor for determining an order quantity per unit period so as to satisfy a safety stock quantity per unit period of an item to be ordered comprises: acquisition means for acquiring a scheduled quantity per unit period of the item in the future; first calculation means for calculating a first safety stock quantity per unit period of the item based on an actual quantity per unit period of the item in the past; second calculation means for calculating a second safety stock quantity per unit period of the item based on the acquired scheduled quantity per unit period of the item; and determination means for determining a safety stock quantity for each unit period of the item based on the calculated first safety stock quantity and second safety stock quantity.

SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

COPYRIGHT: (C)2022,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a calculation method for calculating an appropriate order quantity.

Generally, as a method for calculating safety stock, a calculation method obtained by multiplying the standard deviation of sales performance for a predetermined period, the square root of the sum of ordering intervals and procurement periods, and the safety factor is used as described below.

・ Safety inventory = safety factor x sales performance standard deviation x SQRT (order interval + procurement period)
(SQRT (a): square root of a)

Patent Document 1 describes that the lower limit inventory and the upper limit inventory are calculated by using the upper limit and the lower limit of the safety factor to prevent inventory shortage and inventory excess.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-71853

However, with the above-mentioned calculation method, the standard deviation of the sales record cannot be calculated for the intermittent demand product or the new product whose sales record is not within a predetermined period, and the safety stock amount cannot be obtained.

Further, there is a safety stock calculation method using a prediction error rate instead of the sales record standard deviation, but similarly, since there is no sales record, the prediction error rate cannot be calculated and the safety stock cannot be obtained.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to make it possible to calculate an order quantity that can reduce inventory shortage by calculating a necessary minimum safety stock from a future sales planned quantity and the like.

The present invention is an information processing apparatus that determines the order quantity for each unit period so as to satisfy the safety stock quantity for each unit period of the ordered item, and acquires the planned quantity for each future unit period of the item. The acquisition means, the first calculation means for calculating the first safety stock amount for each unit period of the item based on the actual amount for each past unit period of the item, and the unit of the acquired item. A second calculation means for calculating the second safety stock amount for each unit period of the item based on the planned amount for each period, the calculated first safety stock amount, and the second safety stock. It is characterized by comprising a determination means for determining a safety stock quantity for each unit period of the item based on the quantity.

According to the present invention, it is possible to calculate the order quantity that can reduce the inventory shortage by calculating the minimum necessary safety stock from the future sales planned quantity and the like.

It is a functional block diagram of the information processing apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the hardware composition of the information processing apparatus applicable as the information processing apparatus of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the order quantity calculation process in this embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the detailed processing of step S108 in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the detailed processing of step S202 in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of an attribute information table, an order calendar table, an inventory quantity table, an order backlog table, a planned sales quantity table, and an order quantity table. It is a figure which shows an example of the calculation model table and the calculation pattern table. It is a figure which shows an example of the screen for setting the calculation model information managed by the calculation model management part. It is a figure which shows an example of the screen for setting the attribute information managed by the attribute information management part. It is a figure which shows an example of the screen which displays the PSI information managed by the PSI information management part. This is an example of a screen that displays PSI information when the processing in the embodiment of the present invention is completed.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of the information processing apparatus according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the information processing apparatus according to this embodiment is composed of an input / output unit 100, a control unit 101, and a data management unit 102.

Further, the control unit 101 includes a calculation model management unit 101a, an attribute information management unit 101b, a PSI information management unit 101c, a minimum safety inventory calculation unit 101d, a maximum safety inventory calculation unit 101e, a safety inventory calculation unit 101f, and a safety inventory correction unit 101g. It is composed of an order point calculation unit 101h and an order quantity calculation unit 101i.

The calculation model management unit 101a stores and manages the calculation model acquired from the calculation model table 102g (FIG. 7) and the calculation pattern table 102h (FIG. 7).

The attribute information management unit 101b stores and manages the attribute information of the calculation target item acquired from the attribute information table 102a (FIG. 6).

The PSI information management unit 101c stores and manages PSI data and the like calculated by the process shown in FIG.

The minimum safety stock calculation unit 101d calculates the minimum safety stock amount by the calculation formula shown in Equation 1.

・ Minimum safety stock amount = total planned sales amount for the specified period from the day after the warehousing date for this order
… (Equation 1)
(The specified period is set separately for calculating the minimum safety stock amount)

The maximum safety stock calculation unit 101e calculates the maximum safety stock amount by the calculation formula shown in the formula 2.

・ Maximum safety stock amount = total planned sales amount for the specified period from the day after the warehousing date for this order
… (Equation 2)
(The specified period is set separately for calculating the maximum safety stock amount)

The safety inventory calculation unit 101f calculates the safety inventory amount by the calculation formula shown in the formula 3 or the like.

・ Safety inventory = safety factor x sales performance standard deviation x SQRT (order interval + procurement period)
… (Equation 3)
(SQRT (a): square root of a)

The safety inventory correction unit 101g calculates the safety inventory correction amount by the calculation formula shown in the formula 4 or the like.

・ Safety stock correction amount = min (max (minimum safety stock amount, safety stock amount), maximum safety stock amount)
… (Equation 4)
(Min (a, b): minimum value of a and b, max (a, b): maximum value of a and b)

The ordering point calculation unit 101h calculates the ordering point by the calculation formula shown in the formula 5.

・ Ordering point = Total planned sales volume from the current ordering date to the day before the delivery date for the next ordering
＋ Safety inventory correction amount… (Equation 5)

The order quantity calculation unit 101i calculates the order quantity by the calculation formula shown in the formula 6.

・ Order quantity = CEILING (order point-stock quantity)
-Total order balance from the current order date to the day before the delivery date for the next order,
Order lot)… (Equation 6)
(CEILING (a, b): a value rounded up to a multiple of b)

Further, the data management unit 102 is a functional unit that manages various types of data. Specifically, the attribute information table 102a (FIG. 6), the order calendar table 102b (FIG. 6), the inventory quantity table 102c (FIG. 6), the order backlog table 102d (FIG. 6), and the planned sales quantity table 102e (FIG. 6). , The data shown in the order quantity table 102f (FIG. 6), the calculation model table 102g (FIG. 7), and the calculation pattern table 102h (FIG. 7) are managed.

The attribute information table 102a stores the attribute information of each item for each item ID.

The order calendar table 102b stores data in which the order date and the delivery date are associated with each other.

The inventory amount table 102c stores the actual date of the item and the inventory amount on the actual date.

The order balance table 102d stores the scheduled warehousing date of the item and the scheduled warehousing amount on the scheduled warehousing date.

The planned sales amount table 102e stores the planned sales date of the item and the sales volume on the planned sales date. The sales volume (planned sales volume) on the planned sales date may be calculated and set as a forecast result based on the past actual sales volume, or may be input and set by the person in charge based on the sales plan or the like. good.

The production amount table 102f stores data such as an order amount and a safety stock correction amount calculated by the process shown in the flowchart of FIG.

The calculation model table 102g stores the calculation patterns of the order quantity, the order point, the safety stock amount, the minimum safety stock amount, and the maximum safety stock amount for each calculation model ID, and the parameters necessary for calculating the calculation pattern. ..

The calculation pattern table 102h stores a calculation pattern name, a parameter use flag, and a parameter name for each calculation pattern ID.

Hereinafter, an example of the hardware configuration of the information processing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 2, 201 is a CPU that comprehensively controls each device and controller connected to the system bus 204. Further, the ROM 203 or the external memory 211 is necessary to realize a function executed by a BIOS (Basic Input / Output System) or an operating system program (hereinafter, OS) which is a control program of the CPU 201, and each server or each PC. Various programs etc. are stored.

Reference numeral 202 denotes a RAM, which functions as a main memory, a work area, or the like of the CPU 201. The CPU 201 realizes various operations by loading a program or the like necessary for executing a process from the ROM 203 or the external memory 211 into the RAM 202 and executing the loaded program.

Further, 205 is an input controller, which controls an input from an input device 209 or the like. Reference numeral 206 denotes a video controller, which controls display on a display device 210 such as a liquid crystal display. The display device is not limited to the liquid crystal display, and may be a CRT display or the like. These are used by the client as needed.

The 207 is a memory controller, which is connected to a hard disk (HD) for storing boot programs, various applications, font data, user files, edit files, various data, etc., a flexible disk (FD), or a PCMCIA card slot via an adapter. Controls access to external memory 211 such as CompactFlash® memory.

Reference numeral 208 denotes a communication I / F controller, which connects and communicates with an external device via a network, and executes communication control processing on the network. For example, communication using TCP / IP is possible.

The CPU 201 enables display on the display device 210 by, for example, executing an outline font expansion (rasterization) process in the display information area in the RAM 202. Further, the CPU 201 enables a user instruction with a mouse cursor or the like (not shown) on the display device 210.

Various programs running on the hardware are recorded in the external memory 211, and are executed by the CPU 201 by being loaded into the RAM 202 as needed.

It should be noted that not all devices are provided with these configurations, and it is sufficient that each device is provided with necessary ones.

Next, the order quantity calculation process performed by the information processing apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3 is a process in which the CPU 201 of the information processing apparatus reads out and executes a predetermined control program.

In step S101, the control unit 101 acquires the number of items to be calculated from the attribute information table 102a (FIG. 6). Then, the acquired number is substituted into M.

Here, all the items registered in the attribute information table 102a may be acquired and the number of items may be counted, or only the items whose target flag is True may be acquired and counted.

In step S102, the control unit 101 acquires the attribute information of the calculation target item from the attribute information table 102a, and stores the acquired attribute information in the attribute information management unit 101b.

The acquired attribute information can be changed by the user from the input / output unit 100. FIG. 9 shows an example of a screen for changing the attribute information.

In step S103, the control unit 101 acquires the parameters required for calculation from the calculation model table 102g (FIG. 7) using the calculation model ID as a key among the attribute information acquired in step S102. If the specified value is not stored in the attribute information management unit 101b, it is complemented and stored by the parameter acquired here.

For example, when the target item ID is ITEM01, the calculation model ID is M02. Therefore, as the parameters of the calculation model ID M02, the order quantity calculation pattern ID and the order quantity calculation pattern value, the order point calculation pattern ID and the order point calculation pattern value, the safety stock calculation pattern ID and the safety stock calculation pattern value, and the minimum safety stock The calculation pattern ID, the minimum safety stock calculation pattern value, the maximum safety stock calculation pattern ID, and the maximum safety stock calculation pattern value are acquired.

The acquired calculation model information can be changed by the user from the input / output unit 100. FIG. 8 shows an example of a screen for changing the calculation model information.

In step S104, the control unit 101 acquires the order calendar from the order calendar table 102b (FIG. 6) using the order calendar ID as a key among the attribute information acquired in step S102, and stores the order calendar in the PSI information management unit 101c.

In step S105, the control unit 101 acquires the inventory amount from the inventory amount table 102c (FIG. 6) using the item ID as a key among the attribute information acquired in step S102, and obtains the inventory amount of the PSI information management unit 101c. Store in item.
For example, if the item ID is ITEM01, it can be seen that the inventory on October 17, 2018 is 256. Similarly, it can be seen that there are 28 inventories on October 18.

Here, the inventory amount table 102c may be in a history format. In this case, the actual date is also a key item.

In step S106, the control unit 101 acquires the scheduled warehousing date and the scheduled warehousing amount from the order backlog table 102d (FIG. 6) using the item ID as a key among the attribute information acquired in step S102. Then, the acquired planned warehousing amount is stored in the order backlog of the PSI information management unit 101c.

For example, in the case of ITEM01, it can be seen that the planned warehousing amount of 50 is scheduled for October 22, 2018.

In step S107, the control unit 101 acquires the planned sales date and the sales amount from the planned sales amount table 102e (FIG. 6) using the item ID as a key among the attribute information acquired in step S102. Then, the acquired sales amount is stored in the planned sales amount of the PSI information management unit 101c.

If there is no record of the corresponding planned sales date, it will be supplemented with zero.

For example, for ITEM01, the sales volume on October 19, 2018 is planned to be 22. Also, October 22nd is 21, October 23rd is 21 ... and so on.

FIG. 10 shows a display example of a screen for displaying PSI information by the PSI information management unit 101c storing various data acquired in steps S105 to S107.

In step S108, the order quantity is calculated for each target day. The details of this process will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

Next, with reference to FIG. 4, the details of the process shown in step S108 performed by the information processing apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 4 is a process in which the CPU 201 of the information processing apparatus reads out and executes a predetermined control program.

In step S201, the control unit 101 determines whether or not there is a record whose target date matches the order date of the order calendar acquired in step S104.
If there is a matching record (step S201: true), the process proceeds to step S202.

If there is no matching record (step S201: false), the process proceeds to step S210.

For example, when the target date is October 19, since there is a record that matches the order date of the order calendar, the process proceeds to step S202.

On the other hand, when the target date is October 20, since there is no record that matches the order date of the order calendar, the process proceeds to step S210.

In step S202, the minimum safety stock is calculated for each target day. The details of this process will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

In step S301, the control unit 101 branches the calculation method according to the minimum safety stock calculation pattern ID acquired in step S103.

For example, in the case of ITEM03, the calculation model ID is M02, the minimum safety stock calculation pattern is 1 and the minimum safety stock calculation pattern value is 30 from the calculation model table 102g (FIG. 6), so step S301 is 1 and the minimum safety. For inventory, for example, according to the formula 1 formula, the planned sales volume for the designated period 30 days is totaled from the 23rd day after the warehousing date October 22nd for the order on October 19th.

If there is an individual parameter for minimum safety stock calculation among the attribute information of the calculation target item acquired from the attribute information table 102a at this time, it has priority over the minimum safety stock calculation pattern value and is individually for minimum safety stock calculation. Calculate with parameters.

For example, in the case of ITEM01, the minimum safety stock calculation pattern value is 30, but since 3 is set for the individual parameter for minimum safety stock calculation, the minimum safety stock is ordered on October 19 according to the formula of Equation 1. The planned sales volume for the specified period of 3 days is totaled from the 23rd, the day after the warehousing date of October 22nd.

Returning to the description of the process of FIG.

In step S203, the maximum safety stock is calculated for each target day. The processing mechanism is the same as that in step S204. The maximum safety stock can be calculated by, for example, the formula of Equation 2.

In step S204, the safety stock is calculated for each target day. The processing mechanism is the same as that in step S204. The safety stock can be calculated by, for example, the formula of Equation 3. For example, the safety stock of ITEM01 on October 19 is 1,65x5.98xSQRT (4) ≈ 19.73.

In step S205, the safety stock is corrected for each target day. The safety stock correction amount can be calculated by, for example, the formula of Equation 4.
For example, if the minimum safety stock calculated in step S202 is 21 + 0 + 22 = 43, the safety stock correction amount is 43 because it is larger than the safety stock 19.73. Then, the corrected safety inventory correction amount is stored in the safety inventory correction amount of the PSI information management unit 101c.

In step S206, the ordering point is calculated for each target date. The processing mechanism is the same as that in step S204. The ordering point can be calculated by, for example, the formula of Equation 5. For example, the ordering point of ITEM01 on October 19 is (22 + 21 + 22 + 21) +43 = 129.

In step S207, it is determined whether or not an order is required for each target day.

In the case of ordering point> inventory amount + ordering balance (step S207: required), the process proceeds to step S208.

In the case of ordering point ≤ inventory amount + ordering balance (step S207: No), the process proceeds to step S210.

For example, when the target date is October 19, the ordering point is 129, the inventory amount is 28, and the ordering balance is 50, so the process proceeds to step S208.

In step S208, the order quantity is calculated for each target day. The order quantity can be calculated by, for example, the formula of the formula 6.

For example, when the target date is October 19, CEILING (129-28-50, 50) = 100 because the order point is 129, the inventory amount is 28, the order backlog is 50, and the order lot is 50. Become. Then, the calculated order quantity is stored in the order quantity of the PSI information management unit 101c.

In step S209, the control unit 101 stores the order quantity and the safety stock correction amount in the order quantity table 102f (FIG. 6).

In step S210, the control unit 101 subtracts the planned sales amount of the day from the inventory amount of the previous day, and updates the value obtained by adding the order backlog and the order amount of the day as the inventory amount of the day. Then, the calculated inventory amount on the day is stored in the inventory amount of the PSI information management unit 101c.

For example, the inventory amount on October 19 is calculated by the inventory amount on October 18-the planned sales amount on October 19 + the order backlog on October 19 + the order amount on October 19. Specifically, it becomes 28-22 + 50 + 0 = 56.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a screen displaying PSI information when the process shown in FIG. 4 is repeated until T = 5, which is the calculation period, for ITEM01. In the safety stock correction amount, the quantity when the safety stock amount is corrected by the minimum safety stock amount is displayed, and it can be confirmed whether the correction is made by the minimum safety stock amount. Based on the status of this amendment, it is also possible to determine how long the minimum safety stock quantity setting is valid. For example, when the actual demand has been accumulated, it can be determined that the minimum safe stock amount is not used and the safe stock amount calculated from the actual demand is adopted.

In this way, even if there is not enough past sales performance such as intermittent demand and new products, the order quantity that can reduce the shortage loss is calculated in consideration of the minimum necessary safety inventory. Is possible.

It should be noted that the structure and contents of the various data described above are not limited to this, and it goes without saying that the structure and contents are various depending on the intended use and purpose.

Further, the program in the present invention is a program in which a computer can execute the processing methods of FIGS. 3, 4, and 5. The program in the present invention may be a program for each processing method of each of the devices of FIGS. 3, 4, and 5.

As described above, a recording medium recording a program that realizes the functions of the above-described embodiment is supplied to the system or device, and the computer (or CPU or MPU) of the system or device stores the program in the recording medium. Needless to say, the object of the present invention can be achieved by reading and executing.

In this case, the program itself read from the recording medium realizes the novel function of the present invention, and the recording medium on which the program is recorded constitutes the present invention.
Recording media for supplying programs include, for example, flexible disks, hard disks, optical disks, magneto-optical disks, CD-ROMs, CD-Rs, DVD-ROMs, magnetic tapes, non-volatile memory cards, ROMs, EEPROMs, and silicon. A disk or the like can be used.

Further, by executing the program read by the computer, not only the function of the above-described embodiment is realized, but also the OS (operating system) or the like running on the computer is actually realized based on the instruction of the program. Needless to say, there are cases where a part or all of the processing is performed and the processing realizes the functions of the above-described embodiment.

Further, after the program read from the recording medium is written in the memory provided in the function expansion board inserted in the computer or the function expansion unit connected to the computer, the function expansion board is based on the instruction of the program code. It goes without saying that there are cases where the CPU or the like provided in the function expansion unit performs a part or all of the actual processing, and the processing realizes the functions of the above-described embodiment.

Further, the present invention may be applied to a system composed of a plurality of devices or a device composed of one device. It goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied when it is achieved by supplying a program to a system or an apparatus. In this case, by reading the recording medium containing the program for achieving the present invention into the system or device, the system or device can enjoy the effect of the present invention.

Further, by downloading and reading a program for achieving the present invention from a server, database, or the like on the network by a communication program, the system or device can enjoy the effect of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention also includes all the configurations in which each of the above-described embodiments and modifications thereof are combined.

100 Input / output unit 101 Control unit 102 Data management unit

Claims (8)

An information processing device that determines the order quantity for each unit period so as to satisfy the safety stock quantity for each unit period of the ordered item.
An acquisition method for acquiring the planned amount of the item for each future unit period,
A first calculation means for calculating the first safety stock amount for each unit period of the item based on the actual amount for each unit period in the past of the item.
A second calculation means for calculating a second safety stock amount for each unit period of the item based on the acquired planned amount for each unit period of the item.
An information processing apparatus comprising: a determination means for determining the safety stock amount for each unit period of the item based on the calculated first safety stock amount and the second safety stock amount. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the planned amount for each future unit period of the item is a predicted amount calculated based on the actual amount for each past unit period of the item. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the planned amount of the item for each future unit period is a quantity set by the user. The information processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second calculation means calculates a second safety stock amount based on a planned amount of the item for a predetermined period. .. The determination means according to claim 1 to 4, wherein the determination means determines the larger of the calculated first safety stock amount and the second safety stock amount as the safety stock amount for each unit period. The information processing apparatus according to any one of the following items. One of claims 1 to 5, wherein the determination means identifies and displays whether the first safety stock amount or the second safety stock amount is determined as the safety stock amount. The information processing device described in the section. It is a control method of an information processing device that determines the order quantity for each unit period so as to satisfy the safety stock quantity for each unit period of the ordered item.
An acquisition step in which the acquisition means acquires the planned amount of the item for each future unit period,
The first calculation means is a first calculation step of calculating the first safety stock amount for each unit period of the item based on the actual amount of the item for each unit period in the past.
The second calculation means is a second calculation step of calculating the second safety stock amount for each unit period of the item based on the calculated planned amount for each unit period of the item.
An information processing device comprising: Control method. A program that can be executed in an information processing device that determines the order quantity for each unit period so as to satisfy the safety stock quantity for each unit period of the ordered item.
The information processing device
An acquisition method for acquiring the planned amount of the item for each future unit period,
A first calculation means for calculating the first safety stock amount for each unit period of the item based on the actual amount for each unit period in the past of the item.
A second calculation means for calculating a second safety stock amount for each unit period of the item based on the calculated planned amount for each unit period of the item.
A program for functioning as a determination means for determining the safety stock amount for each unit period of the item based on the calculated first safety stock amount and the second safety stock amount.

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