JP2022007100A - Shock absorbing structure and shock absorbing material - Google Patents

Abstract

To increase a compression load of a shock absorbing material.SOLUTION: A shock absorbing structure is equipped with a first structure, a second structure, and a shock absorbing material provided on one of the first structure and the second structure at a predetermined interval from the other structure. If external force generates relative displacement that is the predetermined interval or more is generated between the first structure and the second structure, the shock absorbing material collides with the other structure to ease shock. The shock absorbing material has a rubber member that is fixed to one structure on an end surface, and is elastically or elastic-plastically deformed by the collision, and a restraining material that is provided at a part other than the end surface of the rubber member, and suppresses the deformation of the rubber member.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a cushioning structure and a cushioning material.

A cushioning material is provided in one of the two structures (for example, the upper structure and the lower structure of the seismic isolated building), and when the relative displacement of the two structures becomes excessive, the cushioning material collides with the other structure. A buffer structure is known that cushions the impact (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In the cushioning structure of Patent Document 1, a high damping rubber (rubber member) is used as a cushioning material.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-77229

However, although the cushioning structure as described above provides a cushioning effect at the time of collision of the structure, when the compressive load per buffering material is small, the number of required cushioning materials to be installed becomes very large, and the scale is large. There was a risk that it would be difficult to install with a simple structure.
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to increase the compressive load of the cushioning material.

In order to achieve such an object, the buffer structure of the present invention comprises a first structure, a second structure, one of the first structure and the second structure, and the other structure. The cushioning material is provided with a cushioning material provided at a predetermined interval from the above, and when an external force causes a relative displacement between the first structure and the second structure at a predetermined interval or more, the cushioning material is provided. A cushioning structure that collides with the other structure to alleviate the impact, and the cushioning material includes a rubber member whose end face is fixed to the one structure and elastically deformed or elasto-plastically deformed by the collision. It is characterized by having a restraining material provided at a portion other than the end surface of the rubber member and suppressing deformation of the rubber member.

According to such a cushioning structure, the deformation of the rubber member is suppressed by the restraining material, so that the compressive load of the cushioning material becomes large. Therefore, it is possible to increase the compressive load of the cushioning material.

In such a cushioning structure, it is desirable that the restraining material is a metal plate material and is laminated on the rubber member in the thickness direction intersecting the end face.

According to such a cushioning structure, the rubber member and the restraining material are laminated (joined), so that the deformation of the rubber member is suppressed by the restraining material. This makes it possible to increase the compressive load.

In such a cushioning structure, it is desirable that the rubber member has a plurality of layers in the thickness direction, and the restraining material is arranged between the adjacent layers.

According to such a cushioning structure, the compressive load can be further increased.

In such a cushioning structure, it is desirable that the restraining material protrudes outward from the side surface of the rubber member.

According to such a cushioning structure, the compressive load can be increased more reliably.

In such a cushioning structure, the restraining material is an annular wire material, and may be fitted to the rubber member.

According to such a cushioning structure, the deformation of the rubber member is suppressed at the portion where the restraining material is combined. This makes it possible to increase the compressive load.

In such a cushioning structure, the restraining material may accommodate the rubber member while exposing a part in the thickness direction intersecting the end face of the rubber member.

According to such a cushioning structure, the restraining material suppresses deformation of the rubber member other than the exposed portion. This makes it possible to increase the compressive load.

In such a buffer structure, it is desirable that a seismic isolation device is provided between the first structure and the second structure.

According to such a buffer structure, the vibration generated in one of the first structure and the second structure can be lengthened, and it is possible to make it less susceptible to the influence of external force (seismic force). ..

Further, in order to achieve such an object, the cushioning material of the present invention is provided in one of the first structure and the second structure at a predetermined distance from the other structure, and is provided by an external force. A cushioning material that collides with the other structure to alleviate the impact when a relative displacement of the predetermined interval or more occurs between the first structure and the second structure, and is a structure of the one. It has a rubber member whose end face is fixed to the body and elastically deformed or elasto-plastically deformed by the collision, and a restraining material provided at a portion other than the end face of the rubber member to suppress the deformation of the rubber member. It is a feature.

With such a cushioning material, it is possible to increase the compressive load.

According to the present invention, it is possible to increase the compressive load of the cushioning material.

It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the buffer structure of 1st Embodiment. FIG. 2A is a plan view of the cushioning material 40. FIG. 2B is a side view of the cushioning material 40. FIG. 2C is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2A. FIG. 3A is a plan view of the test piece of the comparative example. FIG. 3B is a side view of the test piece of the comparative example. FIG. 3C is a schematic view showing a deformed state of the test piece of the comparative example. FIG. 4A is a plan view of the test piece of Example 1. FIG. 4B is a side view of the test piece of Example 1. FIG. 4C is a schematic view showing a deformed state of the test piece of Example 1. FIG. 5A is a plan view of the test piece of Example 2. FIG. 5B is a side view of the test piece of Example 2. FIG. 5C is a schematic view showing a deformed state of the test piece of Example 2. FIG. 6A is a plan view of the test piece of Example 3. FIG. 6B is a side view of the test piece of Example 3. FIG. 6C is a schematic view showing a deformed state of the test piece of Example 3. It is a figure which shows the restoring force characteristic obtained by a loading test. 8A to 8C are explanatory views of a modified example of the cushioning material 40. 8A is a schematic perspective view, FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 8C is a diagram showing a deformed state. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the case where the rubber member 40a has a cylindrical shape. 10A to 10C are explanatory views of another modification of the cushioning material 40. 10A is a schematic perspective view, FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 10C is a diagram showing a deformed state. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the buffer structure of 2nd Embodiment. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the buffer structure of 3rd Embodiment. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the modification of the 3rd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

=== First Embodiment ===
<About the structure of the buffer structure>
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of the buffer structure of the first embodiment. As shown in the figure, the cushioning structure of the first embodiment includes a lower structure 10, an upper structure 20, a seismic isolation device 30, and a cushioning material 40. In the following description, the seismic isolation layer formed by the seismic isolation device 30 is also referred to as a seismic isolation layer. The buffer structure of the first embodiment is provided in a seismic isolated building having a seismic isolated layer.

The lower structure 10 is a structure that supports the upper structure 20 via the seismic isolation device 30, and the lower structure 10 of the present embodiment is the foundation of the building. That is, the building of this embodiment is a basic seismic isolated building. Further, the lower structure 10 has a retaining wall 10a.

The retaining wall 10a is a portion (stopper) for preventing the relative displacement of the upper structure 20 and the lower structure 10 in the horizontal direction from becoming excessive, and the lower structure is separated from the upper structure 20 by a certain distance. It stands above the bottom of 10. The retaining wall 10a is formed so as to surround the superstructure 20 and the seismic isolation layer.

The upper structure 20 is a structure (a building in the present embodiment) provided above the lower structure 10. The upper structure 20 and the lower structure 10 correspond to one structure and the other structure of the first structure and the second structure, respectively. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a cushioning material 40 is provided in the superstructure 20. The details of the cushioning material 40 will be described later.

The seismic isolation device 30 is interposed between the superstructure 20 and the substructure 10. In the seismic isolation device 30 of the present embodiment, a laminated rubber type laminated body (for example, a columnar elastic body formed by alternately laminating circular rubber layers and steel plates vertically) is formed on a pair of upper and lower flange plates (not). It is configured by sandwiching it (shown). Further, the lower flange plate is fixed to the lower structure 10 by bolts (not shown) or the like, and the upper flange plate is fixed to the upper structure 20 by bolts (not shown) or the like. Such a seismic isolation device 30 has the characteristics of high vertical rigidity and low horizontal rigidity, and the laminated body undergoes horizontal shear deformation in response to the horizontal relative displacement between the upper structure 20 and the lower structure 10. (The upper flange plate and the lower flange plate are displaced relative to each other in the horizontal direction). In addition, the seismic isolation device 30 also has a restoration function of returning to the original position (shape) even if it is sheared and deformed. By shearing and deforming the seismic isolation device 30 in this way, the horizontal vibration of the superstructure 20 can be lengthened, and it is possible to make it less susceptible to external forces (seismic force, etc.) (functions as a seismic isolation bearing). do).

The cushioning material 40 is provided at a position facing the retaining wall 10a of the lower structure 10 in the upper structure 20. Further, a clearance C (corresponding to a predetermined interval) is provided in the horizontal direction between the cushioning material 40 and the retaining wall 10a. In other words, the cushioning material 40 is provided with a clearance C in the horizontal direction from the retaining wall 10a. Then, when the horizontal relative displacement between the upper structure 20 and the lower structure 10 becomes excessive (specifically, when the horizontal relative displacement becomes the clearance C or more), the cushioning material 40 is the lower structure 10. It collides with the retaining wall 10a. Due to this collision, the cushioning material 40 receives a compressive force in the thickness direction (here, the horizontal direction) intersecting the attachment surface to the superstructure 20 (the end surface of the rubber member 40a). At this time, the cushioning material 40 is deformed to alleviate the impact, thereby suppressing damage to the superstructure 20 and the substructure 10. In the present embodiment, the cushioning material 40 is provided in the upper structure 20, but the cushioning material 40 may be provided in the lower structure 10 (retaining wall 10a).

2A is a plan view of the cushioning material 40, and FIG. 2B is a side view of the cushioning material 40. 2C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2A. As shown in the figure, the cushioning material 40 of the present embodiment includes a rubber member 40a, a restraining material 40b, and a mounting flange 40c.

The rubber member 40a is a rubber member that deforms when a force (load) is applied. In the present embodiment, as the rubber member 40a, a highly damped rubber that undergoes elasto-plastic deformation (elastic deformation until yielding occurs, and plastic deformation occurs when yielding occurs) is used. Here, the elastic deformation is a deformation in which the load and the displacement (deformation) are in a proportional relationship, and the displacement returns to the original state (does not absorb energy) when the external force (load) is removed. Further, the plastic deformation is a deformation in which the load and the displacement are not in a proportional relationship and the displacement cannot be restored (energy absorption) even if the external force is removed. In high damping rubber, yielding occurs with a relatively small strain and plastic deformation occurs, so that the increase in reaction force is suppressed to a small extent even if the displacement is large. Examples of such high damping rubber include natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), butadiene rubber material (BR), isoprene rubber (IR), butyl rubber (IIR), and halogenated butyl rubber (2IR). A highly dampening rubber composition produced by adding an additive exhibiting a high dampening property to a rubber material of X-IIR) or chloroprene rubber (CR) can be used. As an additive capable of exhibiting high damping property, various additives such as carbon black and a silane compound are known.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the rubber member 40a of the present embodiment is formed in a rectangular shape (specifically, a square) in a planar shape. Further, the rubber member 40a is divided by the restraining material 40b. Further, one end (end face) of the rubber member 40a in the thickness direction is fixed to the superstructure 20 via the mounting flange 40c.

The restraining material 40b is a member for suppressing deformation of the rubber member 40a. In this embodiment, a steel plate (corresponding to a metal plate material) is used as the restraining material 40b. The restraining material 40b (steel plate) is inserted into the rubber member 40a so as to divide the rubber member 40a in the thickness direction (divide into two layers). In other words, the restraint material 40b is arranged (laminated) between the layers of the rubber members 40a adjacent to each other in the thickness direction. Further, each layer of the rubber member 40a and the restraining material 40b are bonded to each other by vulcanization adhesion. As a result, since each layer of the rubber member 40a is fixed to the restraining material 40b, the rubber member 40a is restrained by the restraining material 40b and is less likely to be deformed. That is, when compressed in the thickness direction, it becomes difficult to spread outward. The planar shape of the restraint material 40b of the present implementation system is a square, and one side thereof is larger than one side of the rubber member 40a. Therefore, the restraining material 40b projects outward from the side surface of the rubber member 40a. This makes it easier for the restraining material 4b to act as a reaction force plate on the rubber member 40a (the compression load can be increased more reliably). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it does not have to protrude from the side surface (it may have the same plane size as the rubber member 40a).

The mounting flange 40c is a member for mounting the rubber member 40a to the structure (superstructure 20 in this embodiment), and the end faces of the rubber member 40a are joined to the mounting flange 40c. Further, the mounting flange 40c is provided with a plurality of bolt holes 40d. By attaching the mounting flange 40c to the side surface of the superstructure 20 using bolts (not shown), the rubber member 40a (more specifically, the end face of the rubber member 40a) is fixed to the superstructure 20. ..

As described above, the cushioning structure of the present embodiment is the cushioning material 40 provided in the lower structure 10, the upper structure 20, and the upper structure 20 with a horizontal clearance C from the lower structure 10 (retaining wall 10a). And have. Then, when a horizontal relative displacement of clearance C or more occurs between the lower structure 10 and the upper structure 20 due to an external force, the cushioning material 40 collides with the lower structure (retaining wall 10a) to alleviate the impact. It is configured in. Further, the cushioning material 40 of the present embodiment is provided with a rubber member 40a whose end face is fixed to the superstructure 20 and elasto-plastically deformed by collision with the lower structure 10 and a rubber member 40a at the center in the thickness direction. It is provided with a restraining material 40b (steel plate) that suppresses deformation of the rubber member 40a. As a result, the deformation of the rubber member 40a is suppressed by the restraining material 40b, so that the compressive load of the cushioning material 40 becomes larger than in the case of only the rubber member 40a (see Examples described later). Therefore, it is possible to increase the compressive load of the cushioning material 40.

<Example>
Reduced prototypes (Example 1, Example 2, Example 3) having different arrangements and numbers of restraint materials 40b (steel plates) were prepared, and characteristics such as compressive load were evaluated. In addition, as a comparative example, a test piece without the restraining material 40b was also prepared and evaluated. Hereinafter, examples will be described with reference to the drawings.

3A is a plan view of the test body of the comparative example, FIG. 3B is a side view of the test body of the comparative example, and FIG. 3C is a schematic view showing a deformed state of the test body of the comparative example. 4A is a plan view of the test piece of Example 1, FIG. 4B is a side view of the test piece of Example 1, and FIG. 4C is a schematic showing a deformed state of the test piece of Example 1. It is a figure. 5A is a plan view of the test piece of Example 2, FIG. 5B is a side view of the test piece of Example 2, and FIG. 5C is a schematic showing a deformed state of the test piece of Example 2. It is a figure. 6A is a plan view of the test piece of Example 3, FIG. 6B is a side view of the test piece of Example 3, and FIG. 6C is a schematic showing a deformed state of the test piece of Example 3. It is a figure.

(Test specimen)
-Rubber member 40a: High damping rubber comparative example-One layer (without restraint)
Example 1 ... 1 layer (restraint material is vulcanized and bonded to the top end)
Example 2 ... 2 layers (1 restraint material inserted)
Example 3 ... 3 layers (two restraint materials inserted)
-Restriction material 40b: Both the steel plate rubber member 40a and the restraint material 40b are 1/5 the size of the full-scale cushioning material.

(Test results)
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the restoring force characteristics obtained by the loading test. The horizontal axis of the figure is the amount of deformation (mm), and the vertical axis is the load (kN). The area of the part surrounded by the restoring force characteristics in the figure shows the historical absorption energy of each test piece. In the figure, for simplification, only one result is shown for each level, but in reality, each level was tested three times (three test specimens) and evaluated by the average value.

-Maximum load The maximum load of Example 1 was about 1.2 times, that of Example 2 was about 4.4 times, and that of Example 3 was about 7.5 times.

-History absorption energy The history absorption energy of Example 1 was about 1.1 times, that of Example 2 was about 2.9 times, and that of Example 3 was about 4.6 times.

As described above, in Examples 1 to 3 provided with the restraining material 40b (steel plate), it was confirmed that the maximum load and the historical absorption energy were increased as compared with the comparative example. In particular, it was confirmed that the maximum load and the historical absorption energy were further increased by inserting the restraining material 40b between the rubber members 40a.

<Modification example of cushioning material>
8A to 8C are explanatory views of a modified example of the cushioning material 40. 8A is a schematic perspective view, FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 8C is a diagram showing a deformed state.

In this modification, the restraint member 40b is an annular (ring-shaped) wire rod, and is fitted to the rubber member 40a. That is, in this modification, the rubber member 40a is not divided into a plurality of layers (see FIGS. 8B and 8C). In this modification, two annular restraint members 40b are provided at intervals in the thickness direction, but one may be provided or three or more may be provided. By aligning the restraint material 40b with the rubber member 40a in this way, when a load is applied due to a collision, the deformation of the rubber member 40a is suppressed by the restraint material 40b as shown in FIG. 8C. Ru. As a result, the compressive load becomes large, so that the compressive load can be increased.

The rubber member 40a in the above-mentioned example has a rectangular planar shape, but as shown in FIG. 9, the planar shape of the rubber member 40a may be circular (the rubber member 40a is a cylindrical shape), or other than that. It may be a shape (for example, a polygon or an ellipse). Note that FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing a case where the rubber member 40a has a cylindrical shape. Similarly, in the case of other forms, the shape of the rubber member 40a does not have to be rectangular. In that case, as shown in FIG. 9, the shape of the restraining material 40b may correspond to the shape of the rubber member 40a.

Further, FIGS. 10A to 10C are explanatory views of another modification of the cushioning material 40. 10A is a perspective view, FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 10C is a diagram showing a deformed state.

In this modification, the restraint material 40b is a box-shaped accommodating body, and accommodates the rubber member 40a whose end face is fixed to the mounting flange 40c while exposing a part in the thickness direction. As a result, when a load is applied due to a collision, as shown in FIG. 10C, the unexposed portion of the rubber member 40a is suppressed from being deformed by the restraining material 40b, and only the exposed portion is deformed. As a result, the compressive load becomes large, so that the compressive load can be increased. The cross-sectional shape of the cushioning material 40 in FIG. 10 may be circular, and the accommodating body (restraint material 40b) may be cylindrical.

=== Second embodiment ===
FIG. 11 is a schematic explanatory view of the buffer structure of the second embodiment.

In the second embodiment, the seismic isolation device 30 is arranged in the middle layer of the building. That is, the lower structure 10 of the second embodiment is a lower layer portion in the building, and the upper structure 20 is a portion (upper layer portion) above the lower structure 10. Then, a seismic isolation layer by the seismic isolation device 30 is formed between the lower structure 10 and the upper structure 20.

Further, a protruding portion 20b protruding downward is provided on the lower surface of the upper structure 20, and a pair of stoppers 10b protruding upward are provided on the upper surface of the lower structure 10 so as to sandwich the protruding portion 20b. There is. Further, a cushioning material 40 is provided at a portion of the protruding portion 20b (upper structure 20) facing the stopper 10b (lower structure 10). A clearance C is provided in the horizontal direction between the cushioning material 40 and the stopper 10b. In other words, the cushioning material 40 is provided with a clearance C in the horizontal direction from the stopper 10b. The cushioning material 40 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, and includes a rubber member 40a and a restraining material 40b.

With the above configuration, when a relative displacement of clearance C or more occurs between the lower structure 10 and the upper structure 20, the cushioning material 40 collides with the stopper 10b (lower structure 10) to alleviate the impact. Even in this case, since the cushioning material 40 includes the rubber member 40a and the restraining material 40b, the compressive load can be increased.

The cushioning material 40 may be provided on the stopper 10b side (lower structure). Further, the vertical relationship in the seismic isolation layer may be reversed. That is, the protruding portion may be provided so as to protrude upward from the upper surface of the lower structure 10, and the stopper may be provided so as to protrude downward from the lower surface of the upper structure 20.

=== Third Embodiment ===
In the above-described embodiment, the cushioning material 40 is installed in the seismic isolation layer, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the cushioning material 40 can be applied to other than the seismic isolation layer. In the third embodiment, the cushioning material 40 is installed between the adjacent high-rise buildings.

FIG. 12 is a schematic explanatory view of the buffer structure of the third embodiment.

The cushioning structure of the third embodiment includes a center core 100, an outer peripheral building 200, and a cushioning material 40. The center core 100 and the outer peripheral building 200 correspond to one of the first structure and the second structure and the other structure, respectively.

The center core 100 is a structure erected in the center of the outer peripheral building 200.

The outer peripheral building 200 is a building (structure) erected so as to surround the periphery of the center core 100. That is, when viewed from above, the outer peripheral building 200 surrounds the outer periphery of the center core 100 in a square shape.

The cushioning material 40 has the same configuration as that of the above-described embodiment, and has a rubber member 40a and a restraining material 40b. The cushioning material 40 of the present embodiment has an end face fixed to the side surface of the center core 100, and a clearance C is provided in the horizontal direction between the cushioning material 40 and the outer peripheral building 200. In other words, the cushioning material 40 is provided with a clearance C from the outer peripheral building 200. In this example, the cushioning material 40 is provided on the center core 100, but the cushioning material 40 may be provided on the outer peripheral building 200 side.

In the case of the third embodiment, when the horizontal relative displacement between the center core 100 and the outer peripheral building 200 is equal to or more than the clearance C, the cushioning material 40 collides with the outer peripheral building 200 to alleviate the impact. Also in this case, as in the above-described embodiment, the cushioning material 40 has the rubber member 40a and the restraining material 40b, so that the compressive load can be increased.

FIG. 13 is a schematic explanatory view of the buffer structure of the modified example of the third embodiment.

In this example, the center core 100 and the outer peripheral building 200 are connected by a damper 50.

The damper 50 is a member that absorbs (attenuates) the vibration between the center core 100 and the outer peripheral building 200. As the damper 50, for example, one using a viscous fluid such as oil (oil damper), one using frictional force (friction damper), or the like can be used.

Similarly, in the case of this modification, the cushioning effect in the event of a collision can be obtained by providing the cushioning material 40. Further, since the cushioning material 40 has the rubber member 40a and the restraining material 40b, the compressive load can be increased.

=== Other embodiments ===
As described above, the above-described embodiment is for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and is not for limiting the interpretation of the present invention. It goes without saying that the present invention can be modified and improved without departing from the spirit thereof, and the present invention includes an equivalent thereof. In particular, even the embodiments described below are included in the present invention.

<About rubber members>
In the above-described embodiment, the rubber member 40a of the cushioning material 40 uses elasto-plastically deformable rubber (high damping rubber), but the present invention is not limited to this, and elastically deformable rubber (rubber that does not plastically deform) is used. You may. However, in the case of elastic deformation, the load and the displacement are in a proportional relationship, and the load-displacement relationship does not draw a loop as shown in FIG. 7, and energy is not absorbed. Therefore, it is more preferable to use rubber that undergoes elasto-plastic deformation.

<About seismic isolation device>
The seismic isolation device 30 (seismic isolation layer) of the first embodiment and the second embodiment is a laminated rubber type, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it may be a sliding bearing type or a rolling bearing type.

10 Substructure 10a Retaining wall 10b Stopper 20 Superstructure 20b Protrusion 30 Seismic isolation device 40 Cushioning material 40a Rubber member 40b Restraint material 40c Mounting flange 40d Bolt hole 50 Damper 100 Center core 200 Outer building

Claims (8)

The first structure and
The second structure and
A cushioning material provided on one of the first structure and the second structure at a predetermined distance from the other structure.
When a relative displacement of the predetermined interval or more occurs between the first structure and the second structure due to an external force, the cushioning material collides with the other structure to alleviate the impact. It has a cushioning structure
The cushioning material is
A rubber member whose end face is fixed to one of the structures and elastically or elasto-plastically deformed by the collision.
A restraining material provided at a portion other than the end face of the rubber member to suppress deformation of the rubber member,
A buffer structure characterized by having. The buffer structure according to claim 1.
The restraining material is a metal plate material, and is laminated on the rubber member in a thickness direction intersecting the end face.
A buffer structure characterized by that. The buffer structure according to claim 2.
The rubber member has a plurality of layers in the thickness direction, and the rubber member has a plurality of layers.
The restraining material is arranged between the adjacent layers,
A buffer structure characterized by that. The buffer structure according to claim 2 or claim 3.
The restraining material projects outward from the side surface of the rubber member.
A buffer structure characterized by that. The buffer structure according to claim 1.
The restraining material is an annular wire material, and is fitted to the rubber member.
A buffer structure characterized by that. The buffer structure according to claim 1.
The restraining material accommodates the rubber member while exposing a part of the rubber member in the thickness direction intersecting with the end surface.
A buffer structure characterized by that. The buffer structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
A seismic isolation device is provided between the first structure and the second structure.
A buffer structure characterized by that. One of the first structure and the second structure is provided at a predetermined distance from the other structure, and the first structure and the second structure are separated from each other by an external force. A cushioning material that collides with the other structure and cushions the impact when relative displacements of a predetermined interval or more occur.
A rubber member whose end face is fixed to one of the structures and elastically or elasto-plastically deformed by the collision.
A restraining material provided at a portion other than the end face of the rubber member to suppress deformation of the rubber member,
A cushioning material characterized by having.

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