JP2021532983A - 油流出物および/または炭化水素の回収および/またはバイオレメディエーションのための組成物および方法 - Google Patents
油流出物および/または炭化水素の回収および/またはバイオレメディエーションのための組成物および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/001—Modification of pulp properties
- D21C9/002—Modification of pulp properties by chemical means; preparation of dewatered pulp, e.g. in sheet or bulk form, containing special additives
- D21C9/005—Modification of pulp properties by chemical means; preparation of dewatered pulp, e.g. in sheet or bulk form, containing special additives organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
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- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
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Abstract
Description
本発明の一般的な目的は、費用効率が高く、迅速な処理を提供し、環境に優しく、従来の技術と比較して高い吸収能力を有し、吸収された材料の簡単な回収を可能とする、油流出物および疎水性炭化水素の回収および/またはバイオレメディエーションのための組成物および方法を提供することである。本発明の重要な目的は、油流出物および/または疎水性炭化水素を収集および回収する前に、長期間にわたって、吸収された材料の高い保持を可能にする組成物を得ることである。また、高塩濃度ならびに土壌、水およびさまざまな湿った表面または乾燥した表面などのさまざまな環境で効果的に操作できる組成物および方法を得ることが望ましい。
図1は、未変性クラフトパルプおよび機械パルプによって吸収されるディーゼルおよびディーゼル/H2O(水と混合したディーゼル)の量(g/gパルプ)を示している。両方のパルプは、同様の吸収を有する。同様の結果が3層クラフトパルプでも観察された(データは示さず)。
油/水中でのCTMPパルプ吸収試験
微生物と吸収剤の組み合わせ
例2からの変性パルプ(例2のL1 CTMP)を参照パルプ(CTMP)と共に使用した。使用した微生物は、天然油を消費する古細菌を含み、Oppenheimer Biotechnology社(https://www.obio.com/index.htm)から製品Piranha(登録商標)として入手した。1gのパルプ1gを100mgの粉砕栄養混合物およびデンプンに固定した100mgの微生物と振とうすることによって、その微生物をパルプ吸収剤に加えた。吸収剤を含む微生物を、10mlの油圧オイルと90mlの水の混合物に加えた。実験の6つの異なる組み合わせを2回試験した。セットアップについては、以下の表4を参照。そのボトルを振って密封した。室温で2週間インキュベートした後、その溶液の炭化水素を分析した。吸収剤をその混合物から除去し、ドラフト内で2日間乾燥させてから、重量を測定した。
Claims (15)
- 油流出物および/または疎水性炭化水素の回収および/またはバイオレメディエーションのための吸収性組成物であって、前記組成物は、
a セルロース材料、
b 前記セルロース材料に吸着された帯電ポリマーの少なくとも1つの層、および任意に
c 前記ポリマーおよび/またはセルロース材料と組み合わされた微生物
を含む、吸収性組成物。 - 前記帯電ポリマーが、ポリビニルアミン(PVAm)、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリアクリル酸(PAA)、ポリメタクリル酸、キトサン、カチオン性ゼラチン、ポリDADMAC、ポリアリルアミン、ポリエチレンイミン、アニオン性ナノセルロース、リグニンスルホン酸ナトリウム、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、アニオン性ポリアクリルアミド、アニオン性グリオキサレート化ポリアクリルアミド、ポリ−(スチレンスルホン酸ナトリウム)および/またはポリ(ビニルホスホン酸)から選択される高分子電解質である、請求項1に記載の吸収性組成物。
- 少なくとも1つの高分子電解質が、未変性PVAmまたは直鎖もしくは分岐および任意に置換アルキル鎖で変性されたPVAmを含むポリビニルアミン(PVAm)であり、好ましくはPVAmは未変性である、請求項2に記載の吸収性組成物。
- ポリビニルアミン(PVAm)の第1層を含む、請求項3に記載の吸収性組成物。
- ポリビニルアミン(PVAm)の単層を含む、請求項4に記載の吸収性組成物。
- 3層のPVAm−PAA−PVAmなどの、連続するカチオン性およびアニオン性高分子電解質の複数の層を含む、請求項2〜4のいずれかに記載の吸収性組成物。
- 前記セルロース材料がパルプを含み、
前記パルプが、好ましくは、化学パルプ、クラフトパルプ、亜硫酸パルプ、半化学パルプ、機械パルプ、サーモメカニカルパルプ(TMP)、ケミサーモメカニカルパルプ(CTMP)、非木材パルプおよび/または再生パルプを含み、より好ましくは、前記セルロース材料が、CTMPを含む、前請求項のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性組成物。 - 細菌、真菌および古細菌から選択される微生物を含み、好ましくは、前記微生物が、古細菌を含む、前請求項のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性組成物。
- 前記組成物が、水よりも油に対してより高い親和性を有する、前請求項のいずれか一項に記載の吸収性組成物。
- 油流出物および/または疎水性炭化水素の回収および/またはバイオレメディエーションの方法であって、
a 油流出物および/または疎水性炭化水素を請求項1〜9に記載の組成物と接触させること;
b 前記組成物に前記油流出物および/または疎水性炭化水素を吸収させること;および
c 任意に、前記組成物を収集すること、
を含む、方法。 - 前記組成物が、接触させるステップの結果として、少なくともその2倍の重量を吸収する、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 水中または濡れた表面上で行われる、請求項10または11に記載の方法。
- 乾燥した表面で行われる、請求項10または11に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物を収集すること;および
前記組成物を圧縮して、前記油流出物および/または疎水性炭化水素を回収すること、を含む、請求項10〜13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 前記吸収された油流出物および/または疎水性炭化水素を、前記組成物を収集する前の少なくとも1日の間、前記組成物中に保持することを含む、請求項10〜14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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