JP2021532365A - 医療用途の放射性同位体を生成する方法及びシステム - Google Patents
医療用途の放射性同位体を生成する方法及びシステム Download PDFInfo
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- G21G—CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS; RADIOACTIVE SOURCES
- G21G1/00—Arrangements for converting chemical elements by electromagnetic radiation, corpuscular radiation or particle bombardment, e.g. producing radioactive isotopes
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Abstract
Description
A+γ*→n+A*
A+γ*→n+n+A*
などの、1つ又は2つの中性子の生成であり、ここで、γ*は、電子散乱からの仮想光子であり、A*は、原子核壊変生成物を表す。もちろん、前記反応に対応する原子核崩壊反応(breakup reaction)及び実際の光子からの2つの中性子生成反応も、継続的に関心及び研究の対象である。
通常、GDRのは、重い原子核では(10〜20)MeVの範囲にあり、軽い原子核では(15〜25)MeVの範囲にある。
15MeV<E<25MeV。
GDRのエネルギーの詳細な実験概要[9]は、様々な用途で利用可能である。
γ+63Cu→63Cu*→n+62Cu
γ+65Cu→65Cu*→n+64Cu
同様に、テフロンの、さもなければ安定している天然に生じる同位体の、以下の反応による医学的に有用な炭素及びフッ素の放射性同位体への光壊変がある。
γ+12C→12C*→n+11C
γ+19F→18F*→n+18F
LINAC電子源から入射する、測定された光子エネルギーの関数としての、任意の単位でのテフロンの光子吸収率は、以下の図2のスペクトルアナライザのグラフに示されている。
63Cu:安定、天然濃度=69.15%、Z=29、N=34、JP=3/2−、
65Cu:安定、天然濃度=30.85%、Z=29、N=36、JP=3/2−。
ここで、ES相互作用を使用したGDRを介して生成され得る、関心のある2つの半減期が短い同位体がある。62Cu及び64Cuである。64Cuは、核医学及び撮像において頻繁に使用される放射性同位体(RI)のうちの1つである。
62Cu:不安定、半減期=9.67分、Z=29、N=35、JP=1+
β+放出によって62Niに崩壊する、
64Cu:不安定、半減期=12.7時間、Z=29、N=35、JP=1+
β+放出(61%)によって64Niに崩壊し、β−放出(39%)によって64Znに崩壊する。
本発明の一態様によれば、電子装置を使用して、1つの光子を交換するGDRを介して、上記のRIを生成する方法及びシステムが、概略的に以下のように提案されている。
γ+63Cu→63Cu*→62Cu+n
γ+65Cu→65Cu*→64Cu+n
γ*+65Cu→64Cu+n
ピーク光子エネルギーは、約18MeV
ピークにおける断面積は、約150ミリバーン
Xは、長期間にわたって保管するには短命すぎるが、キットY[X]には、安定した親原子核、及びXが生成された後に、Xを適切に化学的に封ずるのに必要な他の物質のみが含まれているので、長期間保管できる。
(i)T1/2[62Cu]=(9:816±0:193)分
実験値:9.673分
(ii)T1/2[64Cu]=(760:562±18:31)分
実験値:762分
(A)18Fの半減期:
現在の実験=6586.2秒、既知の値=6582秒;
(B)11Cの半減期:
現在の実験 1221.8秒、既知の値=1213.8秒;
e(p_1,s_1)→e(p_2,s_2)+γ*(E_γ,k_γ)、
E_γ=(E_1−E_2)、k_γ=|p_1−p_2|
γ*+65Cu→(65Cu)*→64Cu+n
γ*+65Cu→(65Cu)*→64Cu+n、
ピーク光子エネルギーEγ(ピーク)は、約18MeV、
ピークにおける断面積:
σ(最大)は、約150ミリバーン
62Cu:不安定、半減期=9.67分、
Z=29、N=33、
JP=1+、
β+(陽電子)を介して62Niに崩壊する、
放出エネルギーE=1315KeVと共に。
(i)64Zn:天然濃度=49.2%、
(ii)66Zn:天然濃度=27.7%、
(iii)67Zn:天然濃度=4%、
(iv)68Zn:天然濃度=18.5%
γ*+68 30Zn→p+67 29Cu、
γ*+66 30Zn→d+64 29Cu、
γ*+66 30Zn→n+p+64 29Cu、
γ*+64 30Zn→d+62 29Cu、
γ*+64 30Zn→n+p+62 29Cu
(1)19F:(安定)、天然濃度=100%、Z=9、N=10、JP=1/2+、
(2)18F:(不安定)、半減期=109.74\分、Z=9、N=9、JP=1+、
(i)β+(陽電子)\(96.9%)を介して18Oに崩壊する、
(ii)18Oへの電子取込み(3.14%)。
(i)\p+18O→n+18F、[入射陽子\エネルギー=(11〜17)\MeV]、
(ii)\d+20Ne→α+18F、\[入射重陽子\エネルギー=(8〜14)\MeV]
次に、板が未知の材料でできているシステム200で、同位体サンプル板130として役立ち得る可能性がある、(3)枚の板を分析する方法について説明する。目標は、NaI検出器を使用して、(3)枚の板の内部の材料を見つけることである。(3)枚の未知のプレートのそれぞれは、(24)時間、次々に検出器、たとえば電子加速器100の前に置かれる。検出器の前に何も置かない測定での経験から、このプローブには、通常の(天然の)背景以外の汚染物質は含まれていないと言える。次いで、未知の板(1、2、及び3)のそれぞれに、アプリケータ15×15を使用して、22MeVの広い電子ビームの下で(10)分間、1000MUが照射される。その後、板は(24)時間、次々に、検出器の前に置かれた。同位体の消滅ピークに集中し、消滅ピークにズームして、スペクトルの消滅ピークの特別な部分で発生するイベントの、時間依存性を評価する方策を選択した。
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Claims (6)
- 電子加速器を使用して、標的原子核の巨大双極子共鳴(GDR)への1つの光子交換を介して、医療用放射性同位体を生成する方法であって、
同位体サンプルを用意するステップと、
電子加速器によって電子を、10MeVを超えるピーク光子エネルギーまで加速して、前記同位体サンプルに衝突させ、銅の放射性同位体を生成するステップと、
を含む、方法。 - 前記同位体サンプルが、安定した銅の同位体サンプル、炭素の同位体サンプル、及びフッ素の同位体サンプルから選択されたリストからの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 銅又はフッ素の放射性同位体を、陽電子放出断層撮影(PET、positron emission tomography)の放射性トレーサとして使用するステップをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 加速する前記ステップにおいて、前記加速された電子の前記ピーク光子エネルギーでの断面積が約45ミリバーンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 放射性同位体を生成するシステムであって、
1つの光子交換による巨大双極子共鳴(GDR)の励起を実行するよう構成されており、電子加速器によって10MeVを超えるピーク光子エネルギーまで電子を加速するよう構成されている電子装置を備え、前記電子加速器が、前記加速された電子を同位体サンプルに衝突させ、銅の放射性同位体を生成するよう構成されている、システム。 - 前記同位体サンプルが、安定した銅の同位体サンプル、炭素の同位体サンプル、及びフッ素の同位体サンプルから選択されたリストからの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項5に記載のシステム。
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JP2017040653A (ja) * | 2015-08-18 | 2017-02-23 | 国立大学法人九州大学 | 放射性物質の製造方法および放射性物質の製造装置 |
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JP2002519678A (ja) * | 1998-06-26 | 2002-07-02 | ブラウン,ポール,エム | 誘導放射性崩壊による放射性廃棄物の改質 |
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