JP2021523207A - 去勢抵抗性前立腺がんの処置のためのアンドロゲン受容体の核移行の低分子阻害剤 - Google Patents
去勢抵抗性前立腺がんの処置のためのアンドロゲン受容体の核移行の低分子阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021523207A JP2021523207A JP2020564224A JP2020564224A JP2021523207A JP 2021523207 A JP2021523207 A JP 2021523207A JP 2020564224 A JP2020564224 A JP 2020564224A JP 2020564224 A JP2020564224 A JP 2020564224A JP 2021523207 A JP2021523207 A JP 2021523207A
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- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
- A61K31/403—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. carbazole
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- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
- A61K31/4166—1,3-Diazoles having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. phenytoin
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- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
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Abstract
式I:R20−(Z)b−(Y)c−(R21)a−(X)d−R22−R23に従う化合物またはその医薬として許容され得る塩もしくはエステル[式中、R20はアリール、置換アリール、ヘテロアリール、置換ヘテロアリール、シクロアルキル、置換シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリールオキシ、チオ含有基またはセレノ含有基であり;Zは、アルカンジイル、置換アルカンジイル、シクロアルカンジイルまたは置換シクロアルカンジイルであり;Yは、S、O、S(=O)、−S(=O)(=O)−またはNR10(式中R10はHまたはアルキルである)であり;Xは、−C(=O)−、−S(=O)(=O)−または−N(H)C(=O)−であり;R22は、少なくとも1つの二価のアミノラジカルを含み;a、b、cおよびdは独立して、0または1である。]。
Description
本願は、2018年5月14日に出願された米国仮出願第62,671,254号の先の出願日に対する利益を主張し、これはその全体が参考として本明細書において援用される。
本発明は、国立衛生研究所(National Institutes of Health)により拠出された助成金第GM067082号の政府支援を伴いなされたものである。政府は本発明に一定の権利を有する。
本明細書において、
R20−(Z)b−(Y)c−(R21)a−(X)d−R22−R23
の式I(式中、R20は、アリール、置換アリール、ヘテロアリール、置換ヘテロアリール、シクロアルキル、置換シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリールオキシ、アミノ、チオ含有基またはセレノ含有基であり;Zは、アルカンジイル、置換アルカンジイル、シクロアルカンジイルまたは置換シクロアルカンジイルであり;Yは、S、O、S(=O)、−S(=O)(=O)−またはNR10(式中R10はHまたはアルキルである)であり;R21は、アルカンジイル、置換アルカンジイル、シクロアルカンジイル、置換シクロアルカンジイル、アルカジエニル、置換アルカジエニル、シクロアルケンジイル、置換シクロアルケンジイル、アルカトリエニル、置換アルカトリエニルであり;Xは、−C(=O)−、−S(=O)(=O)−または−N(H)C(=O)−であり;R22は、少なくとも1つの二価のアミノラジカルを含む部分であり;R23は、アリール、置換アリール、ヘテロアリール、置換ヘテロアリール、シクロアルキル、置換シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリールオキシ、アミノ、チオ含有基、セレノ含有基であり;aは、0または1であり;bは、0または1であり;cは、0または1であり;dは、0または1である)
を有する化合物またはこれらの医薬として許容され得る塩もしくはエステルが開示される。いくつかの実施形態において、Xが、−C(=O)−である場合、Yは、Sではない。ある実施形態において、R21は、シクロアルカンジイルである。R21が、シクロアルカンジイルである場合、R20は、少なくとも1つのハロゲンで場合により置換されたフェニルであり得、かつ/またはR23は、少なくとも1つのハロゲンおよび/もしくは少なくとも1つのアルキルで置換されたフェニルであり得る。
用語および方法の下記の説明は、本化合物、組成物および方法をより詳細に記載するため、および本開示の実施において当業者を導くために提供される。本開示に使用される専門用語が単に特定の実施形態および実施例を説明する目的であり、限定する意図のものではないこともまた理解すべきである。
概要
薬剤
R20−(Z)b−(Y)c−(R21)a−(X)d−R22−R23
を有する化合物またはこれらの医薬として許容され得る塩もしくはエステルであり、式中、
R20は、アリール、置換アリール、ヘテロアリール、置換ヘテロアリール、シクロアルキル、置換シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリールオキシ、チオ含有基、セレノ含有基、ハロゲン化物またはニトロ含有基であり、
Zは、アルカンジイル、置換アルカンジイル、シクロアルカンジイルまたは置換シクロアルカンジイルであり、
YはS、O、S(=O)、−S(=O)(=O)−、またはNR10(式中、R10はHまたはアルキル(好ましくはメチル)である)であり、
R21はアルカンジイル、置換アルカンジイル、シクロアルカンジイル、置換シクロアルカンジイル、アルカジエニル、置換アルカジエニル、シクロアルケンジイル、置換シクロアルケンジイル、アルカトリエニルまたは置換アルカトリエニルであり、
Xは、−C(=O)−、−S(=O)(=O)−、または−N(H)C(=O)−であり、
R22は、少なくとも1つの二価アミノラジカルを含む部分であり、
R23は、アリール、置換アリール、ヘテロアリール、置換ヘテロアリール、シクロアルキル、置換シクロアルキル、ヘテロシクロアルキル、置換ヘテロシクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アリールオキシ、アミノ、チオ含有基、またはセレノ含有基であり、
aは0または1であり、
bは0または1であり、
cは0または1であり、ならびに
dは0または1である。
式中、R20は、C1−C3ペルフルオロアルキル、ハロまたはペンタフルオロスルファニルで置換されたフェニルであり;R24〜R27は独立して、水素、ジュウテリウムまたはハロであり;R28はO、N(CH3)、またはCH2であり;R29は、N、O、またはSであり;R30は、CHまたはNであり;各R31は独立して、C1−C3アルキル、C1−C3ペルフルオロアルキル、ハロ、ペンタフルオロスルファニル、−C(O)OアルキルまたはC(O)N(H)アルキルであり;qは1、2、または3である。いくつかの実施形態において、qは1ではなく、および/またはR20は、
本明細書に開示の薬剤は、前立腺がん、特に去勢抵抗性前立腺がんの処置のために対象に投与することができる。ある実施形態において、対象は、本明細書に開示の薬剤に応答性であり得る去勢抵抗性前立腺がんを有することが特定される。例えば、前立腺がんに対処するために、アビラテロンまたはMDV3100による処置を含む任意の形態のアンドロゲン除去療法または抗アンドロゲン療法を提供された患者が、本明細書に開示の薬剤による処置の候補となる。
材料
リン酸緩衝食塩水(PBS)溶液は、Fisher Scientific(MA,USA)から購入した。トリプシン−EDTA溶液、ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)、Roswell Park Memorial Institute(RPMI)1640培地、エタノール(200proof)、ピューロマイシン粉末およびG418粉末は、Sigma−Aldrich(MO,USA)から購入した。ウシ胎児血清(FBS)、ペニシリン−ストレプトマイシン溶液は、Invitrogen(NY,USA)から購入した。Dual−Luciferase(登録商標)Reporter Assay Systemは、Promega(WI,USA)から購入した。PSA6.1−−lucプラスミドは、University of British Columbia(BC,CA)のDr.Marianne Sadarからの寄贈品であり、pRL−TKウミシイタケルシフェラーゼレポータープラスミドは、Promega(WI,USA)から購入した。C4−2去勢抵抗性前立腺がん細胞株は、Dr.Leland W.K.Chung(Cedars−Sinai Medical Center)の厚意により提供された。
通則
水分および空気に感受性の反応は、N2またはAr雰囲気下で行い、これらの反応に使用したガラス器具は、使用する前にN2またはAr下で火炎乾燥させ、冷却した。THFおよびEt2Oは、ナトリウム/ベンゾフェノンケチルから蒸留した。DMFおよびCH2Cl2は、CaH2から蒸留した。1,4−ジオキサンは、Acrosから購入し(Sure/Seal bottle)、受け取ったまま使用した。Et3Nは、CaH2から蒸留し、KOHと一緒に保管した。トルエンは、活性アルミナろ過システムに通すことによって精製した。融点は、Mel−Temp II装置を用いて決定し、補正されていない。赤外スペクトルは、Smiths Detection IdentifyIR FT−IR分光計を用いて決定した。高分解能質量スペクトルは、Micromass UK Limited,Q−TOF Ultima API,Thermo Scientific Exactive Orbitrap LC−MSにおいて得た。自動カラムクロマトグラフィーは、Isco Combiflash Rfを用いて行った。1Hおよび13C NMRスペクトルは、Bruker Advance 300MHz、400MHzまたは500MHz装置において得た。化学シフト(δ)は、内部標準として使用した残留溶媒のピークδ1H/13C(溶媒):7.26/77.00(CDCl3);2.05/29.84(アセトン−d6);2.50/39.52(DMSO−d6)、3.31/49.00(CD3OD)を用いて百万分率で報告し;以下のとおり集計される:化学シフト、多重度(s=一重線、brs=幅広一重線、d=二重線、brd=幅広二重線、t=三重線、app t=見かけ上三重線、q=四重線、m=多重線)、プロトン数および結合定数(単数または複数)。13C NMRスペクトルは、プロトンデカップリングパルスシーケンスを用いて75MHz、100MHzまたは125MHzにおいて得て、観察されたピークによって集計する。CDCl3は、使用前に、乾燥された塩基性アルミナに通してろ過した。薄層クロマトグラフィーは、予めコーティングされたシリカゲル60 F254プレート(EMD、厚さ250μm)を用いて行い、可視化は、PMA溶液(100mLの95%EtOH中の5gのリンモリブデン酸)、Vaughn試薬(100mLの3.5N H2SO4溶液中の4.8gの(NH4)6Mo7O24・4H2Oおよび0.2gのCe(SO4)2)またはKMnO4溶液(100mLの0.1%NaOH溶液中の1.5gのKMnO4および1.5gのK2CO3)で染色することによって、254nmのUV光を用いて行った。粗反応混合物は、SiO2によるクロマトグラフィー(Silicycle,Silia−P Flash Silica GelまたはSiliaFlash(登録商標)P60、40〜63μm)を用いて精製した。最終生成物は、Thermo Scientific Exactive Orbitrap LC−MS(ESIポジティブ)を使用して、UV(210、220および254nm)、ELS(噴霧器45℃、蒸発器45℃、N2流1.25SLM)およびMS検出を用いるRP(逆相)HPLC(Alltech Prevail C−18、100×4.6mm、1mL/分、CH3CN、H2Oおよび0.1%TFA)によって解析されたとき、>95%の純度であった。他のすべての材料は、商業的供給源から入手し、受け取ったまま使用した。
類似体の合成および特徴付け
通則:
すべてのガラス器具は、使用する前に2時間超にわたって、火炎乾燥させるかまたは120℃のオーブン内で乾燥させた。空気および水分に感受性の反応はすべて、N2またはAr雰囲気下で行った。反応は、氷浴またはアセトン/ドライアイス浴を使用して、0℃または−78℃において行った。テトラヒドロフランおよびジエチルエーテルは、ナトリウム/ベンゾフェノンケチルから蒸留し、CH2Cl2およびトルエンは、CaH2から蒸留した。他のすべての材料は、商業的供給源から入手し、受け取ったまま使用した。赤外スペクトルは、Smiths Detection Identify IR FT−IR分光計においてニートで決定した。1Hおよび13C NMRスペクトルは、別段特定されない限り、CDCl3において、Bruker Advance 300MHz、400MHzまたは500MHz NMRで得た。化学シフト(δ)は、内部標準として使用した残留溶媒のピークδ1H/13C(溶媒);7.26/77.00(CDCl3)、2.50/39.50(DMSO−d6)を用いて百万分率で報告し;以下のとおり集計する:化学シフト、多重度(s=一重線、brs=幅広一重線、d=二重線、brd=幅広二重線、t=三重線、brt=幅広三重線、q=四重線、m=多重線)、プロトン数および結合定数(単数または複数)。13C NMRスペクトルは、別段特定されない限り、プロトンデカップリングパルスシーケンスを用いて75MHz、100MHzまたは125MHzにおいて得て、観察されたピークによって集計する。19Fスペクトルは、別段特定されない限り、プロトンデカップリングパルスシーケンスを用いて471MHzまたは376MHzにおいて得て、観察されたピークによって集計する。反応は、予めコーティングされたシリカゲル60 F254プレート(EMD、厚さ250μm)を用いる薄層クロマトグラフィー解析によってモニターし、可視化は、254nmのUV光を用いて行った。フラッシュクロマトグラフィーは、SiO2(Silicycle、Silia−P Flash Silica Gel、40〜63μm)を用いて行った。
ジクロロメタン(1.00mL)中の、ピペラジン−1−イル(2−(4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)シクロプロピル)メタノン塩酸塩(0.09g、0.269mmol)およびテトラヒドロ−4H−ピラン−4−オン(0.0269mL、0.269mmol)の溶液に、NaBH(OAc)3(0.205g、0.269mmol)および酢酸(0.0154mL、0.269mmol)を加えた。この混合物を室温において13時間撹拌した。次いで、この混合物を1N NaOH水溶液(30mL)で反応停止させ、CH2Cl2で抽出した(30mL×3)。合わせた有機相を乾燥させ(Na2SO4)、ろ過し、真空中で濃縮した。粗生成物をSiO2によるクロマトグラフィー(MeOH:CH2Cl2=1:9)により精製して、淡黄色の固体として(4−(テトラヒドロ−2H−ピラン−4−イル)ピペラジン−1−イル)(2−(4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル)シクロプロピル)メタノンを得た(0.0845g、82%):Mp: 84-86 oC; IR (neat): 2949, 2845, 1637, 1619, 1468, 1439, 1325, 1161, 1115, 1069 cm-1; 1H-NMR (500 MHz; CDCl3): δ 7.49 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 2 H), 7.24 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 2 H), 3.95 (dd, J = 11.5, 3.4 Hz, 2 H), 3.83 (d, J = 13.1 Hz, 1 H), 3.61 (d, J = 12.9 Hz, 1H), 3.37 (ddd, J = 12.7, 9.5, 3.1 Hz, 1 H), 3.28 (tt, J = 11.8, 2.8 Hz, 2 H), 3.04 (ddd, J = 12.7, 9.5, 3.1 Hz, 1 H), 2.47-2.43 (m, 3 H), 2.28-2.19 (m, 2 H), 1.87-1.78 (m, 2 H), 1.51-1.30 (m, 6 H). 13C-NMR (125 MHz; CDCl3): δ 166.3, 142.2, 128.5 (q, J = 32.4 Hz), 127.7, 125.0 (q, J = 3.9 Hz), 124.2 (q, J = 270.4 Hz), 67.4, 67.3, 60.8, 49.0, 48.6, 45.4, 42.1, 29.1, 28.9, 24.9, 23.8, 11.3; 19F-NMR (471 MHz; CDCl3): δ -62.37 (s, 3 F);HRMS(ESI):m/z C20H26F3O2N2([M+H]+)についての計算値383.1946、実測値383.1938。
アンドロゲン受容体およびエストロゲン受容体アルファ競合アッセイ
開示の化合物を、PolarScreenTM Androgen Receptor Competitor Assay Kit,Green(ThermoFisher Scientific,カタログ番号A15880)を用いてアンドロゲン受容体活性についてアッセイする。このキットは、グルタチオン(gluthathione)−S−トランスフェラーゼ(GST)およびヒスチジンでタグ化されたラットAR−リガンド結合ドメイン[AR−LBD(Hist−GST)]を使用して、競合するアンドロゲン受容体化合物のIC50を決定する。AR−LBD(His−GST)を、競合する試験化合物の存在下において、蛍光的にタグ化されたアンドロゲンリガンド(FluormoneAL Green)に加える。有効な競合物質は、AL Green/AR−LBD(His−GST)複合体の形成を妨げ、その競合物質によるリガンド置換に起因して、偏光の減少をもたらす。偏光の値のシフトを用いて、試験化合物のIC50を決定する。
Claims (16)
- (i)式IV〜XVI
R24〜R27は独立して、水素、ジュウテリウムもしくはハロであり;
R28は、O、N(CH3)、もしくはCH2であり;
R29は、N、O、もしくはSであり;
R30は、CHもしくはNであり;
各R31は独立して、C1−C3アルキル、C1−C3ペルフルオロアルキル、ハロ、ペンタフルオロスルファニル、−C(O)OアルキルもしくはC(O)N(H)アルキルであり;
qは、1、2、もしくは3である]のいずれか一つ、または
(ii)
に従う、化合物またはその立体異性体、医薬として許容され得る塩もしくはエステル。 - R20が、−CF3、−SF5または−Fで置換されたフェニルである、請求項1または2に記載の化合物。
- R20が、C3またはC4位において置換されている、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- 各R31が、独立して、C1−C3アルキル、C1−C3ペルフルオロアルキル、またはハロである、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- 各R31が、独立して、メチル、トリフルオロメチル、またはクロロである、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- qが2であり、R31置換基が互いにパラである、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- 少なくとも1つの医薬として許容され得る添加剤および請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の化合物を含む医薬組成物。
- 治療有効量の、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の化合物を対象に投与するステップを含む、対象において前立腺がんを処置する方法。
- 前記前立腺がんが去勢抵抗性前立腺がんである、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記化合物が経口投与される、請求項10または11に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、アンドロゲン除去療法と組み合わせて使用される、請求項10から12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記化合物がアビラテロンと共投与される、請求項10から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記化合物がエンザルタミドと共投与される、請求項10から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、前記化合物による処置を必要とする対象を特定するステップをさらに含む、請求項10から15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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