JP2021506557A - 視覚情報およびサンプリングを領域ごとに変化させるための光制御デバイスおよび方法 - Google Patents
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- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses, corneal implants; Implanting instruments specially adapted therefor; Artificial eyes
- A61F2/16—Intraocular lenses
- A61F2002/1696—Having structure for blocking or reducing amount of light transmitted, e.g. glare reduction
-
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- A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0138—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising image capture systems, e.g. camera
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/014—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising information/image processing systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2017年12月20日に出願され、すべての目的に関して参照により全体が本明細書に組み込まれている、「LIGHT CONTROL DEVICES AND METHODS FOR NOVEL REGIONAL VARIATION OF VISUAL INFORMATION AND SAMPLING」と題する米国仮出願第62/608,039号の優先権の利益を主張する。
本明細書では、特に、網膜の前方の1つまたは複数の開口を、網膜の前方において瞳の中心と非同軸上の1つまたは複数の位置と、網膜の前方において瞳の中心と同軸上の位置との間を光学的に移動させることによって眼球視野の視覚情報およびサンプリング(たとえば、V-VIS)の領域ごとの変化を実施する例示的なデバイスおよび方法について説明する。本明細書で説明する例示的なV-VISデバイスは、視覚情報およびサンプリングを領域ごとに変化させる光制御デバイスに対応し、そのような光制御デバイスとして機能する。さらに、本明細書で説明するように、「網膜の前方」は、眼球外配置、角膜内配置、または眼球内配置のうちの1つを含み、1つまたは複数の開口は50ヘルツから50キロヘルツの間の速度で移動させられる。
図1は、いくつかの例による視覚システムの様々な構成要素の統合を概略的に示す。眼球視野からの視覚情報を搬送する光が、眼を通過し、感光網膜細胞に送られ、感光網膜細胞は光を吸収して視覚情報の処理を開始する。感光網膜細胞は光エネルギーを信号に変換し、信号は他の網膜細胞および脳に送られ、そこで、限定はしないが、コーディング、フィルタ処理、および統合を含むさらなる処理が、網膜および脳内ならび眼球外筋肉との間のフィードフォワードループおよびフィードバックループと組み合わされ、視覚がもたらされる。
11 眼球視野
12 透過ディスプレイ
13 プロジェクタ
14 可動開口
15 励起光
16 発光粒子
17 木
18 不透過領域
20A、20B 透過外側層
21A、21B 透過導電層
22 空間
23 領域
24 活性光学素子
25 電源
26 ドライブボックス
27 無線周波数アンテナ
29 キャリア層ユニット
30 角膜
31 虹彩
32 眼鏡フレーム
33 眼鏡レンズ
34 導波管
35 指向性マイクロフォン
36 拡大されたテキスト
40 コンタクトレンズ
45 角膜インレー
46 眼球内インプラント
47 水晶体嚢
50A〜52F 眼
61 ディスプレイ
63 露出開口
64、65 位置
Claims (28)
- 光制御デバイスであって、
眼の網膜の前方に配置された1つまたは複数の透過層と、
前記1つまたは複数の透過層の表面上または前記1つまたは複数の透過層内に配置された1つまたは複数の光学活性素子と、
電源に結合されたコントローラであって、導電層を介して前記1つまたは複数の光学活性素子に電気的に結合され、時間シーケンスに従って制御信号を生成して前記1つまたは複数の光学活性素子に転送するように構成されたコントローラとを備え、
前記網膜の前方は、眼球外配置、角膜内配置、または眼球内配置のうちの1つを含み、
前記1つまたは複数の光学活性素子は、前記制御信号を受信すると、前記1つまたは複数の透過層内に低下させた透過度を有する1つまたは複数の領域を形成し、前記低下させた透過度を有する前記1つまたは複数の領域は、対応する透過領域を含む1つまたは複数の開口を囲み画定し、
前記1つまたは複数の開口は、前記時間シーケンスに従って前記1つまたは複数の透過層内の空間的に分離されるかまたは重なり合った位置に光学的に出現し、前記1つまたは複数の開口は、50ヘルツから50キロヘルツの間のサンプリング速度で眼球視野から環境光をサンプリングして前記網膜に送る可動開口効果をもたらす光制御デバイス。 - 前記コントローラに電気的に結合された少なくとも1つのセンサーをさらに備え、前記少なくとも1つのセンサーは、(i)被験者において、サンプリングされ前記可動開口効果によって前記被験者の前記眼の前記網膜に送られた前記眼球視野の知覚を生じさせる最大サンプリング速度、または(ii)被験者において、サンプリングされ前記可動開口効果によって前記被験者の前記眼の前記網膜に送られた前記眼球視野のストロボ効果またはファントムアレイ効果のうちの1つまたは複数をもたらさずに前記知覚を生じさせる最小サンプリング速度のうちの少なくとも一方において測定を行う、請求項1に記載の光制御デバイス。
- 前記コントローラは、追加の制御信号を生成し転送して、(i)前記1つまたは複数の開口、または(ii)前記1つまたは複数の開口を含む境界のある領域の外側の領域の少なくとも一方の透過度、色、色度、サイズ、または形状のうちの少なくとも1つを調整する、請求項1に記載の光制御デバイス。
- 前記光制御デバイスは、前記コントローラに電気的に結合されたディスプレイユニットをさらに備え、
前記コントローラは、追加の制御信号を生成して前記ディスプレイユニットに転送し、
前記ディスプレイユニットは、前記追加の制御信号に応答して、拡張現実画像、仮想現実画像、またはカメラ由来の画像のうちの少なくとも1つを被験者によって視覚的に認知されるように表示し、
前記カメラ由来の画像は、視覚情報を含み、前記視覚情報は、前記被験者の前記眼、他眼、または両眼の周囲、上方、下方、または後方のうちの少なくとも1つから外部に取り付けられた1つまたは複数のカメラによって取り込まれた環境光を含む、請求項1に記載の光制御デバイス。 - リモートにアクセス可能なデバイスの観察面は、前記眼球視野内に配置され、前記観察面は、文字、数字、または物体のうちの少なくとも1つを含むディスプレイを提示する、請求項1に記載の光制御デバイス。
- 光制御デバイスであって、
投影ユニットと、
眼の網膜の前方に配置された1つまたは複数の透過層と、
前記1つまたは複数の透過層の表面上または前記1つまたは複数の透過層内に配置された光学活性粒子と、
電源に結合されたコントローラであって、前記投影ユニットに電気的に結合され、時間シーケンスに従って制御信号を生成して前記投影ユニットに転送するように構成されたコントローラとを備え、
前記網膜の前方は、眼球外配置、角膜内配置、または眼球内配置のうちの1つを含み、
前記投影ユニットは、前記制御信号の各々を受信すると、前記1つまたは複数の透過層の一部上に励起光を投影し、前記1つまたは複数の透過層の表面上または一部内に配置された前記光学活性粒子は、前記励起光を吸収して、低下させた透過度を有する1つまたは複数の領域を形成し、前記低下させた透過度を有する前記1つまたは複数の領域は、対応する透過領域を含む1つまたは複数の開口を囲み画定し、
前記1つまたは複数の開口は、前記時間シーケンスに従って前記1つまたは複数の透過層内の空間的に分離されるかまたは重なり合った位置に光学的に出現し、前記1つまたは複数の開口は、50ヘルツから50キロヘルツの間のサンプリング速度で眼球視野から環境光をサンプリングして前記網膜に送る可動開口効果をもたらす光制御デバイス。 - 前記コントローラに電気的に結合された少なくとも1つのセンサーをさらに備え、前記少なくとも1つのセンサーは、(i)被験者において、サンプリングされ前記可動開口効果によって前記被験者の前記眼の前記網膜に送られた前記眼球視野の知覚を生じさせる最大サンプリング速度、または(ii)被験者において、サンプリングされ前記可動開口効果によって前記被験者の前記眼の前記網膜に送られた前記眼球視野のストロボ効果またはファントムアレイ効果のうちの1つまたは複数をもたらさずに前記知覚を生じさせる最小サンプリング速度のうちの少なくとも一方において測定を行う、請求項6に記載の光制御デバイス。
- 前記コントローラは、追加の制御信号を生成し転送して、(i)前記1つまたは複数の開口、または(ii)前記1つまたは複数の開口を含む境界のある領域の外側の領域の少なくとも一方の透過度、色、色度、サイズ、または形状のうちの少なくとも1つを調整する、請求項6に記載の光制御デバイス。
- 前記光制御デバイスは、前記コントローラに電気的に結合されたディスプレイユニットをさらに備え、
前記コントローラは、追加の制御信号を生成して前記ディスプレイユニットに転送し、
前記ディスプレイユニットは、前記追加の制御信号に応答して、拡張現実画像、仮想現実画像、またはカメラ由来の画像のうちの少なくとも1つを被験者によって視覚的に認知されるように表示し、
前記カメラ由来の画像は、視覚情報を含み、前記視覚情報は、前記被験者の前記眼、他眼、または両眼の周囲、上方、下方、または後方のうちの少なくとも1つから外部に取り付けられた1つまたは複数のカメラによって取り込まれた環境光を含む、請求項6に記載の光制御デバイス。 - リモートにアクセス可能なデバイスの観察面は、前記眼球視野内に配置され、前記観察面は、文字、数字、または物体のうちの少なくとも1つを含むディスプレイを提示する、請求項6に記載の光制御デバイス。
- 光制御デバイスであって、
眼の網膜の前方に配置された透過導波管と、
電源に結合されたコントローラであって、前記透過導波管に結合され、時間シーケンスに従って制御信号を生成して転送するように構成されたコントローラとを備え、
前記網膜の前方は、眼球外配置、角膜内配置、または眼球内配置のうちの1つを含み、
前記透過導波管は、前記制御信号に応じて、前記透過導波管内の1つまたは複数の領域の透過度を低下させる画像データを提示し、前記低下させた透過度を特徴とする前記1つまたは複数の領域は、対応する透過領域を含む1つまたは複数の開口を囲み画定し、
前記1つまたは複数の開口は、前記時間シーケンスに従って前記透過導波管内の空間的に分離されるかまたは重なり合った位置に光学的に出現し、前記1つまたは複数の開口は、50ヘルツから50キロヘルツの間のサンプリング速度で眼球視野から環境光をサンプリングして前記網膜に送る可動開口効果をもたらす光制御デバイス。 - 前記コントローラに電気的に結合された少なくとも1つのセンサーをさらに備え、前記少なくとも1つのセンサーは、(i)被験者において、サンプリングされ前記可動開口効果によって前記被験者の前記眼の前記網膜に送られた前記眼球視野の知覚を生じさせる最大サンプリング速度、または(ii)被験者において、サンプリングされ前記可動開口効果によって前記被験者の前記眼の前記網膜に送られた前記眼球視野のストロボ効果またはファントムアレイ効果のうちの1つまたは複数をもたらさずに前記知覚を生じさせる最小サンプリング速度のうちの少なくとも一方において測定を行う、請求項11に記載の光制御デバイス。
- 前記コントローラは、追加の制御信号を生成し転送して、(i)前記1つまたは複数の開口、または(ii)前記1つまたは複数の開口を含む境界のある領域の外側の領域の少なくとも一方の透過度、色、色度、サイズ、または形状のうちの少なくとも1つを調整する、請求項11に記載の光制御デバイス。
- 前記光制御デバイスは、前記コントローラに電気的に結合されたディスプレイユニットをさらに備え、
前記コントローラは、追加の制御信号を生成して前記ディスプレイユニットに転送し、
前記ディスプレイユニットは、前記追加の制御信号に応答して、拡張現実画像、仮想現実画像、またはカメラ由来の画像のうちの少なくとも1つを被験者によって視覚的に認知されるように表示し、
前記カメラ由来の画像は、視覚情報を含み、前記視覚情報は、前記被験者の片眼、他眼、または両眼の周囲、上方、下方、または後方のうちの少なくとも1つから外部に取り付けられた1つまたは複数のカメラによって取り込まれた環境光を含む、請求項11に記載の光制御デバイス。 - リモートにアクセス可能なデバイスの観察面は、前記眼球視野内に配置され、前記観察面は、文字、数字、または物体のうちの少なくとも1つを含むディスプレイを提示する、請求項11に記載の光制御デバイス。
- 光制御デバイスを使用して、眼の網膜の前方に可動開口効果をもたらすステップであって、時間シーケンスに従って、低下させた透過度を特徴とする1つまたは複数の領域を前記眼の眼球視野内に形成するステップを含み、前記低下させた透過度を特徴とする前記1つまたは複数の領域は、対応する透過領域を含む1つまたは複数の開口を囲み画定し、前記1つまたは複数の開口は、前記時間シーケンスに従って前記眼球視野内の空間的に分離されるかまたは重なり合った位置に出現する、可動開口効果をもたらすステップと、
もたらされた可動開口効果に基づいて、前記光制御デバイスを使用して、50ヘルツから50キロヘルツの間のサンプリング速度で前記眼球視野から環境光をサンプリングして前記網膜に送るステップとを含む方法。 - 前記光制御デバイスを使用して、(i)被験者において、サンプリングされ前記可動開口効果によって前記被験者の前記眼の前記網膜に送られた前記眼球視野の知覚を生じさせる最大サンプリング速度、または(ii)被験者において、サンプリングされ前記可動開口効果によって前記被験者の前記眼の前記網膜に送られた前記眼球視野のストロボ効果またはファントムアレイ効果のうちの1つまたは複数をもたらさずに前記知覚を生じさせる最小サンプリング速度のうちの少なくとも一方において測定を行うステップをさらに含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記光制御デバイスを使用して、(i)前記1つまたは複数の開口、または(ii)前記1つまたは複数の開口を含む境界のある領域の外側の領域の少なくとも一方の透過度、色、色度、サイズ、または形状のうちの少なくとも1つを調整するステップをさらに含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記光制御デバイスを使用して、拡張現実画像、仮想現実画像、またはカメラ由来の画像のうちの少なくとも1つを被験者によって視覚的に認知されるように表示するステップをさらに含み、前記カメラ由来の画像は、視覚情報を含み、前記視覚情報は、前記被験者の片眼、他眼、または両眼の周囲、上方、下方、または後方のうちの少なくとも1つから外部に取り付けられた1つまたは複数のカメラによって取り込まれた環境光を含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記環境光を前記網膜に送る前記ステップは、前記眼球視野からの前記環境光を前記少なくとも1つの形成された開口を通して0.1mmから4mmの範囲の一定の網膜直径、調整可能な直径、または最大直径のうちの少なくとも1つを有する網膜領域上に送るステップを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記環境光を前記網膜に送る前記ステップは、前記可動開口効果によって、前記眼球視野からの前記環境光を前記少なくとも1つの形成された開口を通して0.2mmから10mmの範囲の一定の網膜直径、調整可能な網膜直径、または最大網膜直径のうちの少なくとも1つの範囲内に送るステップを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記光制御デバイスを使用して、前記眼球視野からの近似的に視準された光を前記少なくとも1つの形成された開口を通して送るステップをさらに含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記網膜における近視輻輳を低減させるステップをさらに含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記網膜における遠視輻輳を低減させるステップをさらに含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 中央網膜内または前記中央網膜の外側における少なくとも1つの網膜領域上の焦点ぼけを低減させるステップであって、前記中央網膜の中心が小窩上に位置し、前記中央網膜が中心窩、傍中心窩、または黄斑のうちの少なくとも1つを含み、前記中央網膜の直径が6mm以下である、ステップをさらに含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記眼球視野からの前記環境光をサンプリングし、遺伝的、光遺伝的、非遺伝的に変更されるか、または相乗的に光を送るように神経再生薬もしくは神経保護薬を用いて修正された前記網膜の部分に前記眼球視野からの前記環境光を送るステップをさらに含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 光を相乗的に送れるように、前記眼球視野からの前記環境光をサンプリングして、網膜移植、埋め込まれた網膜細胞、埋め込まれた幹細胞、または埋め込まれた補綴物のうちの少なくとも1つを含む網膜の部分に送るステップをさらに含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- リモートにアクセス可能なデバイスの観察面が前記眼球視野内に配置され、前記観察面は、文字、数字、または物体のうちの少なくとも1つを含むディスプレイを提示する、請求項16に記載の方法。
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