JP2021197749A - Rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a rotary electric machine 1 using a permanent magnet.SOLUTION: A rotary electric machine 1 includes: an armature 10 having a fixed iron core 12 in which a plurality of slots 14 are wound with a multi-phase winding 16; a rotating iron core 22 having a hub 27 inside and a magnetic pole unit 30 outside; a first permanent magnet 40 that has an N-pole and an S-pole in a peripheral direction R2 and in which the N-pole and the S-pole are alternately arranged in the peripheral direction R2 between the magnetic pole units 30; and an annular field rotor 20 in which the magnetic pole unit 30 and an outer periphery of the first permanent magnet 40 are separated from the armature 10 with a gap length of a predetermined size and a hub 27 is fixed to onto a rotary shaft 3. The magnetic pole unit 30 is almost an isosceles triangle in which a ratio of a length of both ends of a pole arc unit 32 in a peripheral direction of the magnetic field rotator 20 relative to a length of a hypotenuse 34 to a length of a base 33 is 0.56 or less, increases magnetic flux density by 3.6 times or more, and generates torque of 12.5% or more.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present disclosure relates to a rotary electric machine using a permanent magnet.

Increasing the size and output of rotating electric machines using permanent magnets such as motors and generators is a universal need regardless of field or era. As such a compact high-output rotary electric machine, Patent Document 1 adopts a special permanent magnet arrangement called a Halbach array, which exerts a concentration effect of magnetic flux density, in a field rotor which is a rotor. Has been described.

The annular field rotor described in Patent Document 1 has an iron core and a permanent magnet. The iron core has a hub fixed to a rotating shaft on the inside and a plurality of substantially triangular magnetic poles on the outside. The permanent magnet has N poles and S poles in the circumferential direction, and N poles and S poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The magnetic poles are arranged between the permanent magnets.

As for the magnetic flux flowing through the permanent magnet, the higher the residual magnetic flux density and the higher the coercive force, the larger the flow magnetic flux density, and the lower the residual magnetic flux density and the higher the coherent magnetic force, the more difficult the flow and the smaller the magnetic flux density. However, the magnetic flux flowing through the permanent magnet is uniform and does not concentrate.
On the other hand, for the magnetic pole portion, a highly magnetic material (for example, iron-based) can be used, and the effect of concentrating the magnetic flux to obtain a large magnetic flux density can be aimed at.
Here, the magnetic flux generated by exciting the armature coil of the stator flows to the magnetic pole portion on the S pole side of the permanent magnet of the field rotor which is the rotor, flows inside the permanent magnet, and N pole. Return to the armature from the magnetic flux on the side.

JP-A-2015-33245

However, the concentration of the magnetic flux at the magnetic pole portion also has a geometric effect due to the fact that the magnetic pole portion has a substantially triangular shape. That is, the magnetic flux generated from the N pole of the permanent magnet enters the adjacent magnetic pole portion from the hypotenuse adjacent to the N pole of the permanent magnet, and exits from the polar arc portion of the outermost peripheral portion of the magnetic pole portion. Since the magnetic pole portion described in Patent Document 1 is a substantially triangle close to an equilateral triangle, assuming that the length of one side is L, the magnetic flux is a polar arc portion from the length L of the hypotenuse adjacent to the N pole of the permanent magnet. It flows concentrated on L / 2, which is half the length of the base. Therefore, the magnetic flux density of the magnetic pole portion can be increased to about twice. It should be noted that the magnetic flux is arranged between the two permanent magnets in the half length of the bottom, and the magnetic flux flows from the N poles of the adjacent permanent magnets to the two hypotenuses of the magnetic poles, respectively. This is because it flows out from the length of 1/2 of the base.
The saturation magnetic flux density of iron generally used as a material for the magnetic pole portion is about 2 Tesla (hereinafter referred to as [T]). On the other hand, the magnetic flux density of the plastic magnet is about 0.5 [T]. Therefore, when a plastic magnet is used as a permanent magnet, the conventional magnetic pole portion has 0.5 × 2 = 1 [T], and it is not possible to obtain an ideal magnetic flux density equivalent to that of iron. Therefore, for example, in a small rotary electric machine having an outer diameter of 300 mm used in an automobile or the like, the generated torque is about 200 Nm, and the target torque of 225 Nm, which is improved by 12.5%, cannot be achieved.

Therefore, the present disclosure has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a rotary electric machine that enhances the concentration effect of the magnetic flux of the magnetic pole portion, has a large magnetic flux density, and generates a high torque. ..

One embodiment of the present disclosure made to solve the above problems is an armature having a fixed iron core in which polymorphic windings are wound in a plurality of slots, and a rotating core having a hub on the inside and a magnetic pole on the outside. A first permanent magnet having N poles and S poles in the circumferential direction, and the N poles and S poles alternately arranged in the circumferential direction between the magnetic pole portions, and the circumferential direction of the field rotor. The magnetic pole portion, which is a substantially isosceles triangle with the lengths of both ends of the polar arc portion as the base, is provided, and the armature and the outer periphery of the permanent magnet are separated from each other with a gap length of a predetermined dimension. In a rotating electric machine having an annular field rotor in which the hub is fixed to a rotating shaft, the magnetic pole portion is the ratio of the length of the base to the length of the diagonal (base length / diagonal). The length) is 0.56 or less.

According to this aspect, the magnetic pole portion is a substantially isosceles triangle in which the ratio of the length of the base to the length of the hypotenuse (length of the base / length of the hypotenuse) is 0.56 or less.
Assuming that the length of the hypotenuse of the substantially isosceles triangle is L, the magnetic flux flows in from the hypotenuse of the length (L) at the magnetic pole portion and flows out from the bottom of the length of less than half (0.56 × L / 2). .. Therefore, the magnetic flux portion can increase the magnetic flux density to (the length of the hypotenuse) / (half the length of the base) or more, that is, 3.6 (2 / 0.56) times or more.
The saturation magnetic flux density of iron used as a material for the magnetic pole is generally about 2 [T], but magnetic saturation starts at about 90% and the actual saturation magnetic flux density is about 1.8 [T]. .. On the other hand, the magnetic flux density of a plastic magnet known as a magnet having a low magnetic force but a weak magnetic force is about 0.5 [T]. Therefore, the magnetic pole portion of this embodiment has an ideal value of 0.5 × 3.6 = 1.8 [T], which is comparable to that of iron, even when a plastic magnet having a weak magnetic force as described above is used as a permanent magnet. It is possible to obtain a strong magnetic flux density. Therefore, according to the analysis, for example, in a small rotary electric machine having an outer diameter of 300 mm used in an automobile or the like, the generated torque can be increased by 12.5% or more, and the target torque of 225 Nm can be achieved.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure made to solve the above problems is an armature having a fixed iron core in which polymorphic windings are wound in a plurality of slots, and a rotation having a hub on the inside and a magnetic pole on the outside. The circumference of the field rotor and the first permanent magnet, which has an iron core and N poles and S poles in the circumferential direction, and the N poles and S poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction between the magnetic pole portions. The magnetic pole portion, which is a substantially isosceles triangle whose base is the length of both ends of the polar arc portion in the direction, is provided, and the armature and the outer periphery of the permanent magnet are separated from each other with a gap length of a predetermined dimension. In a rotating electric machine having an annular field rotor in which the hub is fixed to a rotating shaft, electricity having a width of the polar arc portion of the magnetic pole portion as seen from the rotation axis direction of the field rotor. It is characterized in that the polar arc pitch λ = A / B, which is the ratio of the angle (A °) to the electric angle 30 ° (B °), is 2.2 to 4.3.

According to this aspect, the polar arc pitch λ which is the ratio of the electric angle (A °) of the width of the polar arc portion of the magnetic pole portion when viewed from the rotation axis direction of the field rotor to the electric angle 30 ° (B °). = A / B is 2.2-4.3.
The denominator B is a unit obtained by dividing a half cycle (electrical angle 180 °) from one magnetic pole portion to the next magnetic pole portion into six equal parts (electrical angle 30 °) from the action distribution of the rotary electric machine 1. The electric angle (A °) of the width of the polar arc portion of the magnetic pole portion is the electric angle seen from the rotation axis direction of the field rotor. In the shape of the substantially isosceles triangle of the magnetic pole portion, when the polar arc pitch λ becomes large, the length of the hypotenuse does not change, but the apex angle becomes large and the length of the base becomes large. Therefore, the larger the polar arc pitch λ, the larger the ratio of the base length to the hypotenuse length (base length / hypotenuse length).
What contributes to the generated torque is the magnitude of the magnetic flux density in the void region where the magnetic flux near the boundary between the armature and the outer edge of the magnetic pole portion in front of the rotation of the magnetic pole portion in contact with the first permanent magnet moves back and forth. The larger the polar arc pitch λ, the wider the cross-sectional area of the magnetic path, the lower the magnetoresistance at the boundary between the armature and the magnetic pole portion, and the larger the magnetic flux, the higher the torque. However, if the polar arc pitch λ is made too large, the distance between the magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction becomes narrow, so that the thickness of the first permanent magnet arranged between them becomes thin. Therefore, the magnetomotive force of the first permanent magnet decreases, the magnetic flux decreases, and the torque decreases. On the other hand, when the polar arc pitch λ is small, that is, the polar arc width is narrow, the thickness of the first permanent magnet can be increased, the magnetomotive force increases, the magnetic flux increases, and the torque increases. However, if the polar arc pitch λ is made too small, the width of the magnetic pole portion becomes narrow, magnetic saturation occurs at the magnetic pole portion, magnetic resistance increases, magnetic flux decreases, and torque decreases. Therefore, the generated torque tends to have a convex portion with respect to the polar arc pitch λ.
In the range of polar arc pitch λ = 2.2 to 4.3, at the lower limit λ = 2.2 and the upper limit λ = 4.3, the torque becomes the minimum value of 225 Nm, and the maximum value of the torque tends to be convex with 235 Nm. It is in. Therefore, according to the analysis, for example, in a small rotary electric machine having an outer diameter of 300 mm used in an automobile or the like, the generated torque can be increased by about 12.5%, and the target torque of 225 Nm can be achieved.

In the above aspect, the pole which is the ratio of the electric angle (A °) of the width of the polar arc portion of the magnetic pole portion to the electric angle of 30 ° (B °) when viewed from the rotation axis direction of the field rotor. It is characterized in that the arc pitch λ = A / B is 2.5 to 3.3.

According to this aspect, in the range of the polar arc pitch λ = 2.5 to 3.3, the torque becomes the minimum value 229 Nm at the lower limit λ = 2.5 and the upper limit λ = 3.3, and the maximum value of the torque. Tends to be convex with 235 Nm.
Therefore, according to the analysis, for example, in a small rotary electric machine having an outer diameter of 300 mm used in an automobile or the like, the generated torque can be increased by about 15%, and a torque of 230 Nm larger than the target can be achieved.

In any one of the above embodiments, the field rotor has a spoke connected to the hub from the top of a substantially isosceles triangle of the magnetic pole portion, and an opening portion between adjacent spokes. That is preferable.

According to this aspect, it has a spoke connected to the hub from the top of a substantially isosceles triangle of the magnetic pole portion of the field rotor, and an opening portion between adjacent spokes.
Therefore, the rotation of the rotary electric machine causes air to flow through the openings between the spokes. With this air, the heat generated in the magnetic pole portion and the first permanent magnet can be efficiently dissipated. Therefore, there is an effect that the temperature rise of the first permanent magnet can be suppressed and the performance can be maintained high. Since permanent magnets are irreversibly demagnetized due to temperature rise, it is important to suppress the temperature rise. Further, the magnetic pole portion on which centrifugal force acts by the spokes and the first permanent magnet can be firmly supported by the hub.

In the above embodiment, a second permanent magnet coupled to the adjacent first permanent magnet is arranged in the opening between the spokes of the field rotor, and the N pole of the second permanent magnet and the north pole of the second permanent magnet are arranged. It is preferable that the S pole is the same as that of the first permanent magnet.

According to this aspect, a second permanent magnet coupled with a first permanent magnet adjacent to an opening between the spokes of the field rotor is arranged, and the north and south poles of the second permanent magnet are the first. 1 Same as a permanent magnet.
The magnetic flux flowing out of the second permanent magnet flows through the intervening spokes. Next, it flows through the central portion of the magnetic pole portion via the top portion of the magnetic pole portion. The central portion of the magnetic pole portion is a region where the magnetic flux from the facing first permanent magnet is small. Therefore, there is an effect of increasing the magnetic flux density from the magnetic pole portion to the armature.
The magnetic pole portion of the present disclosure realizes a high magnetic flux density and generates a high torque. Since a large magnetic force acts on the magnetic pole portion, the first permanent magnet, and the like, the displacement and vibration in the circumferential direction become large. Therefore, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are coupled, and are also coupled to the rotating iron core by an adhesive, fitting, or the like, and are mechanically integrated and coupled to be strengthened.

In the above aspect, it is preferable that the spoke, the hub, the second permanent magnet, and the first permanent magnet of the field rotor are a third permanent magnet coupled to one.

According to this aspect, the spokes, hubs, second permanent magnets, and first permanent magnets of the field rotor are the third permanent magnets combined into one.
Therefore, the number of permanent magnet parts can be reduced to one. In particular, if a plastic magnet is used, injection molding becomes possible. Along with the cost reduction, plastic magnets are lighter than iron cores and sintered metal magnets, so even if the amount of permanent magnets increases due to coupling to one, the amount of rotating iron cores will decrease, and the weight of the rotating electric machine as a whole will be lighter. Can be transformed.

In the above aspect, it is preferable that the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet, or the third permanent magnet is magnetized in parallel.

According to this aspect, the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet, or the third permanent magnet is magnetized in parallel.
In particular, parallel magnetism on a plastic magnet can be magnetized uniformly as a whole. Therefore, the magnetic field energy of the plastic magnet can be secured to be large with respect to the amount of the plastic magnet, and the generated torque becomes large. Further, since the magnetizing of the plastic magnet alone can be performed before assembling the field rotor, the individual workmanship (quality, etc.) of the plastic magnet is good, the inspection is easy, and the overall cost is low.

In the above aspect, it is preferable that the magnetic pole portion of the field rotor is at least a metal having an amorphous mother phase.

According to this aspect, the magnetic pole portion of the field rotor is a metal having at least an amorphous mother phase.
In general, the magnetic flux exchange at the magnetic pole portion fluctuates because the magnetic flux portion passes alternately between the tooth teeth portion of the armature core facing the magnetic pole portion and the slot inlet space during the rotation. The magnetic pole portion of the present disclosure has a structure in which the magnetic flux density is extremely high, and the iron loss at the magnetic pole portion tends to be large. Therefore, since the metal having amorphous as the parent phase has an ultra-low iron loss, the iron loss can be reduced.
It should be noted that the iron loss at the magnetic pole portion tends to be large due to the large fluctuation of the magnetic flux exchange at the magnetic pole portion due to the alternating passage of the teeth of the iron core of the facing armature and the unevenness due to the slot entrance space. be.

In the above embodiment, the outer peripheral edge of the magnetic pole portion of the field rotor has an outer peripheral edge of the magnetic pole portion, and the outer periphery of the first permanent magnet of the field rotor has a bridge, and the outer peripheral edge of the magnetic pole portion is adjacent to the outer peripheral edge of the magnetic pole portion. It is preferable that all the ends of the bridge are connected.

According to this aspect, an outer edge of the magnetic pole portion is provided on the outer periphery of the magnetic pole portion of the field rotor, and a bridge is provided on the outer periphery of the first permanent magnet of the field rotor. All are combined.
Therefore, all the ends of the bridge and the outer edge of the magnetic pole portion adjacent to the outer periphery of the first permanent magnet are coupled to form a ring shape. This ring mechanically integrates and couples the magnetic pole portion and a permanent magnet such as the first permanent magnet to the hub to strengthen it. The magnetic pole portion of the present disclosure realizes a high magnetic flux density and generates a high torque. Since a large magnetic force acts on the magnetic pole portion and the first permanent magnet, the displacement and vibration in the circumferential direction become large. Therefore, the effect of the integrated ring is great.

In the above aspect, it is preferable to have a dent on the surface of the bridge facing the armature.

According to this aspect, the surface of the bridge facing the armature has a dent.
If there is a dent on the surface of the bridge facing the armature, the void length becomes wider. Therefore, the gap length with the outer edge of the magnetic pole portion becomes relatively narrow. Since the outer edge of the magnetic pole portion is in contact with the polar arc portion of the magnetic pole portion, the concentration of the magnetic flux at the magnetic pole portion can be increased.

In the above aspect, it is preferable that the bridge is a non-magnetic member.

According to this aspect, the bridge is a non-magnetic member. The polarities of the adjacent magnetic poles are N pole, S pole and different poles are arranged alternately. Here, when the bridge connecting the adjacent magnetic pole portions is made of a magnetic material, magnetic flux leakage, that is, a shortcut occurs between the adjacent different poles via the bridge. When a shortcut occurs, the amount of magnetic flux supplied to the fixed iron core of the armature decreases. If the bridge is made of non-magnetic material, the shot cut is suppressed.

According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a rotary electric machine that enhances the effect of concentrating the magnetic flux of the magnetic pole portion, has a large magnetic flux density, and generates a high torque.

It is the schematic of the structure of the rotary electric machine of 1st Embodiment. (A) It is a schematic diagram of the rotary iron core of the rotary electric machine of 1st Embodiment. (B) It is a schematic diagram of the 1st permanent magnet and the 2nd permanent magnet of the rotary electric machine of 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of the magnetic pole part of a substantially isosceles triangle. It is a schematic diagram which shows the analysis of the flow of the magnetic flux between an armature and a field rotor. It is a schematic diagram which shows the analysis of the magnetic flux density of the armature of the rotary electric machine and the field rotor of 1st Embodiment. (A) Analysis target part, (b) Analysis result of magnetic flux density. It is a schematic diagram which shows the analysis of the generated torque of the rotary electric machine of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the torque generated by the polar arc pitch λ. It is the analysis result of the magnetic flux density of the point I in FIG. It is the analysis result of the magnetic flux density of the point IV in FIG. It is an analysis result of the magnetic flux density of a point V in FIG. 7. It is the analysis result of the magnetic flux density of the point VII in FIG. It is the analysis result of the magnetic flux density of the point VIII in FIG. It is the schematic of the structure of the rotary electric machine of 2nd Embodiment. It is the schematic of the structure of the bridge of the rotary electric machine of 2nd Embodiment. It is the schematic of the structure of the rotary electric machine of 4th Embodiment. (A) It is a schematic diagram of the rotary iron core of the rotary electric machine of the 4th embodiment. (B) It is a schematic diagram of the 3rd permanent magnet of the rotary electric machine of 4th Embodiment. (A) It is a schematic diagram which shows the parallel magnetism of the 3rd permanent magnet of 4th Embodiment. (B) Shows polar anisotropic magnetization. It is a schematic diagram which shows the analysis of the magnetic flux density of the conventional rotary machine (the Halbach array of the magnetic pole part is a permanent magnet). It is a figure which shows the analysis of the generated torque of the conventional rotary machine (the Halbach array of the magnetic pole part is a permanent magnet).

Hereinafter, the rotary electric machine 1 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be shown with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the embodiment is merely a disclosure, and does not limit the present disclosure in any way, and it goes without saying that various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the gist thereof.

<Applications and configurations of rotary electric machines>
The rotary electric machine 1 of the present disclosure has a high output and can be miniaturized by concentrating the magnetic flux 60 by a magnetic pole portion 30 having a special shape and increasing the magnetic flux density. Therefore, it has high applicability to automobiles, drones, electric aircraft, etc., which are strongly desired to be lightweight and have high output.

(First Embodiment)
The configuration of the rotary electric machine 1 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the rotary electric machine 1 of the first embodiment. First, the basic configuration of the rotary electric machine 1 will be described. The rotary electric machine 1 has an armature 10 having a fixed iron core 12 in which a polymorphic winding 16 is wound around a plurality of slots 14, and an outer circumference thereof is separated from the armature 10 having a gap length 7 of a predetermined dimension, and the inner circumference rotates. It has an annular field rotor 20 fixed to the shaft 3. The field rotor 20 has a rotating iron core 22 and a first permanent magnet 40. The rotating iron core 22 has a hub 27 on the inner side and a magnetic pole portion 30 on the outer side. Therefore, the inner circumference of the hub 27 is fixed to the rotating shaft 3. The first permanent magnet 40 has an N pole and an S pole in the circumferential direction R2. The first permanent magnets 40 are alternately arranged with N poles and S poles between the magnetic pole portions 30.

Next, the rotary electric machine 1 of the first embodiment will be described. In the first embodiment, in addition to the basic configuration, the rotary iron core 22 has spokes 26 connecting the hub 27 and the top portion 35 of the magnetic pole portion 30. A second permanent magnet 42 is provided between the adjacent spokes 26. The second permanent magnet 42 has an N pole and an S pole in the circumferential direction R2. Between the spokes 26, the second permanent magnets 42 are arranged alternately so that the north and south poles are in the same direction as the north and south poles of the first permanent magnet adjacent to the radial direction R1. The first permanent magnet 40 and the second permanent magnet 42 may be integrally coupled.

FIG. 2A shows an arrow view of the rotary iron core 22 of the rotary electric machine 1 of the first embodiment. The rotating core 22 has a hub 27 joined to the inside and a plurality of spokes 26 joined to the outside in the radial direction R1. At the outer end of the spoke 26, a magnetic pole portion 30 to which the top portion 35 of a substantially isosceles triangle is connected is arranged. There is a polar arc portion 32 corresponding to the bottom 33 of the magnetic pole portion 30. Both ends of the adjacent polar arc portions 32 are connected by a bridge 50. There is an opening 24 between the integrated magnetic pole 30 and the spoke 26. The first permanent magnet 40 and the second permanent magnet 42 are inserted into the opening portion 24. The rotating iron core 22, the first permanent magnet 40, and the second permanent magnet 42 are integrally formed by fitting or adhesive.

FIG. 2B shows the arrangement of the first permanent magnet 40 and the second permanent magnet 42. The first permanent magnet 40 and the second permanent magnet 42 have N poles and S poles in the circumferential direction R2, and the N poles and S poles are arranged alternately (hereinafter referred to as "Halbach array").

<Permanent magnet>
As the first permanent magnet 40, the second permanent magnet 42, and the third permanent magnet 44 (fourth embodiment), a sintered metal magnet or a plastic magnet is used.
As the sintered metal magnet, for example, N36Z manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. is used. This is a sintered neodymium magnet, which has a residual magnetic flux density of 1.1 [T] and a coercive force of 875 [kA / m]. The resistivity (resistivity ratio) that influences the eddy current of a sintered metal magnet is 1.4 [μΩ ・ m]. It is more expensive than plastic magnets.
As the plastic magnet, for example, NEOMAX-P6 (NEOMAX Co., Ltd. is used. It is a plastic mag bond magnet, and has a residual magnetic flux density of 0.5 [T] and a coercive force of 630 [kA / m]. The electrical resistance (resistance ratio) to be applied is 50 [μΩ · m].
The plastic magnet uses a plastic material as a base material and mixes a magnetic material (for example, a rare earth magnet material). The plastic material also includes the rubber material.
Needless to say, even if the material is other than the above, a material having similar characteristics can be used.

<Laminated iron core>
As the laminated iron core, a material based on iron, which is a magnetic material, is used for the fixed core 12 and the rotating core 22.
For the fixed iron core 12, for example, VACOFLUX 50 (VAC, Germany), which is a 49% cobalt steel plate, is used. The main specifications are a plate thickness of 0.2 mm, a magnetic saturation density of 2.35 [T], and a tensile strength of 720 [MPa].
For the rotating iron core 22, a metal having an amorphous mother phase, for example, 2605HB1M (Hitachi Metals, Ltd.), which is an amorphous steel plate, is used. The main specifications are an iron loss of 0.17 W / kg (1.3 [T], [50 Hz)), a tensile strength of 2100 MPa, and a magnetic saturation density of 1.5 [T]. For example, the rotating iron core 22, which is a kind of amorphous metal, is used by NANOMET (R) (Tohoku Magnet Institute Co., Ltd.), which is a nanocrystal alloy in which nanocrystals of iron are dispersed at high density in its matrix. Will be. The iron loss is about 0.3 W / kg (1.5 [T], [50 Hz]), and the magnetic saturation density is 1.8 [T]. Further, for example, 35H300 (Nippon Steel Co., Ltd.), which is an ordinary silicon steel plate, is used for the rotating iron core 22. The main specifications are an iron loss of 3 W / kg, a tensile strength of 509 MPa, and a magnetic saturation density of 2 [T]. Further, for the rotor core 22, 35HXT780T (Nippon Steel Co., Ltd.), which is a high-strength silicon steel plate, is used. The main feature of the specifications is that the tensile strength is as strong as 822 MPa, and it is possible to design with durability suitable for supporting the above-mentioned magnetic pole group and magnet group.
Needless to say, materials having similar characteristics can be used even if the materials are other than the above.

<Structure of magnetic pole part>
FIG. 3A shows a schematic diagram of a substantially isosceles triangle of the magnetic pole portion 30. As shown in FIG. 3B, the base 33 is a straight line connecting both ends of the polar arc portion 32 in the circumferential direction R2 of the field rotor 20. The top 35 is parallel to the bottom 33. The hypotenuse 36 is a straight line connecting the end of the bottom 33 and the end of the top 35 with the radial direction R1 as axisymmetric. The shape of the magnetic pole portion 30 is a substantially isosceles triangle in which the ratio of the length of the base 33 to the length of the hypotenuse 36 (base length / hypotenuse length) is 0.56 or less. In the embodiment of the armature core diameter 300, the magnetic pole portion 30 is a substantially isosceles triangle having a base 33 of 20.8 mm and a hypotenuse 34 of 44.8 mm (base 33 / hypotenuse 34 = 0). .46). The length of the top 35 is 3.1 mm. Therefore, the width of the spokes 26 connected to the hub 27 is 3.1 mm. The width of the spokes 26 is about 15% of the length of the base 33.

In the basic configuration, the top 35 is connected to the hub 27. Further, in the case of the first embodiment, the top portion 35 is connected to the spokes 26. The first permanent magnets 40 adjacent to the two hypotenuses 36 of the magnetic pole portion 30 have the same polarity (N pole or S pole). Similarly, the second permanent magnet 42 adjacent to the spoke 26 has the same polarity (N pole or S pole). Further, the magnetic pole portion 30, the spokes 26, and the hub 27 are made of the same material as the rotating iron core 22. The boundary between the first permanent magnet 40 and the second permanent magnet 42 is a straight line passing through the top 35 of the adjacent magnetic pole portion 30 or an arc close to this straight line.

<Analysis means>
The analysis conditions used in this disclosure are as follows. The Finite Element Analysis analysis (hereinafter referred to as FEA analysis) used for the transient magnetic field analysis is Femtet manufactured by Murata Software Co., Ltd. In the analysis model of the rotary machine 1, the field rotor 20 is installed with the diameter of the fixed iron core 12 of the armature 10 being 300 mm and the void length of 1 mm inside. The number of poles of the field rotor 20 is 16 poles. In the armature 20, the winding 14 of the slot 14 of the fixed iron core 12 is a three-phase winding. The number of slots is 96, and the three-phase winding is a distributed winding having two slots per phase and one pole. The winding 14 is a flat conductor, and a plurality of windings 14 are wound in the slot 14. The fixed iron core 12 of the armature 20 is a 49% cobalt steel plate VACOFLUX 50. The rotating core of the field rotor 20 is an amorphous steel plate 2605HB1M. The rotation speed is 3000 rpm.
The first permanent magnet 40 and the second permanent magnet 42 of the first embodiment (FIGS. 4 to 12 and 17) are plastic magnets of plastic magbond, and the permanent magnets of another embodiment (FIG. 18) are sintered. A neodymium magnet was used.

<Flow of magnetic flux>
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an analysis of the flow of the magnetic flux 60 between the armature 10 and the field rotor 20 of the first embodiment. The rotation direction of the field rotor 20 is the circumferential direction R2. A second permanent magnet coupled with a first permanent magnet adjacent to the opening between the spokes of the field rotor is arranged, and the north and south poles of the second permanent magnet are the same as those of the first permanent magnet 40. be. The magnetic pole portion 30 is sandwiched between the N pole of the first permanent magnet 40 and magnetized to the N pole by the first permanent magnet 40 arranged in Halbach, and the S pole is sandwiched between the S pole of the first permanent magnet. Magnetized magnetic pole portions 30 and magnetized magnetic pole portions 30 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction R2.
The magnetic flux 60 from the armature 10 flows through the magnetic pole portion 30 magnetized to the S pole of the field rotor 20, flows through the first permanent magnet 40, flows through the magnetic pole portion 30 magnetized to the N pole, and flows through the armature 10. Return to.
From FIG. 4, as for the magnetic flux 60 flowing through the first permanent magnet 40, the higher the residual magnetic flux density, the larger the flow magnetic flux density, and the lower the residual magnetic flux density, the more difficult it is to flow and the smaller the magnetic flux density. However, the magnetic flux 60 flowing through the first permanent magnet 40 and the second permanent magnet 42 becomes uniform without coarseness and does not concentrate. On the other hand, the magnetic flux 60 is concentrated between the polar arc portion 32 of the magnetic pole portion 30 and the armature 10. That is, the magnetic flux density is high.

The magnetic pole portion 30 is a substantially isosceles triangle in which the ratio of the length of the base 33 to the length of the hypotenuse 34 (the length of the base 33 / the length of the hypotenuse 34) is 0.56 or less. Assuming that the length of the hypotenuse of the substantially isosceles triangle is L, the magnetic flux flows in from the hypotenuse 34 of the length (L) at the magnetic pole portion, and from the base 33 of the length of less than half (0.56 × L / 2). leak. Therefore, the magnetic flux portion 30 can increase the magnetic flux density to (the length of the hypotenuse) / (the length of half the base) or more, that is, 3.6 (2 / 0.56) times or more.
The saturation magnetic flux density of iron generally used as the material of the magnetic pole portion 30 is 2 [T], and is actually about 90% of 1.8 [T]. On the other hand, the magnetic flux density of a plastic magnet known as a magnet having a low magnetic force but a weak magnetic force is about 0.5 [T]. Therefore, the magnetic pole portion 30 of this embodiment has 0.5 × 3.6 = 1.8 [T], which is equivalent to that of iron, even when a plastic magnet having a weak magnetic force as described above is used as a permanent magnet. The ideal strong magnetic flux density can be obtained. Therefore, according to the analysis, for example, in a small rotary electric machine having an outer diameter of 300 mm used in an automobile or the like, the generated torque can be increased by 12.5% or more, and the target torque of 225 Nm can be achieved.

The second permanent magnet 42 also has the same Halbach array as the first permanent magnet 40. Therefore, the magnetic flux 60 from the armature 10 flows to the magnetic pole portion 30 magnetized to the S pole of the field rotor 20, and further flows from the top 35 of the magnetic pole portion 30 to the spokes 26 magnetized to the S pole. It flows evenly and evenly inside the second permanent magnet 42, flows through the spokes 26 magnetized at the N pole, flows through the magnetic flux portion 30 magnetized at the N pole, and returns to the armature 10. In particular, this magnetic flux 60 flows in the central portion inside the magnetic pole portion 30. The central portion of the magnetic pole portion 30 is a region where the magnetic flux 60 flowing through the first permanent magnet 40 is small. Therefore, the second permanent magnet 42 and the spokes 26 have the effect of further increasing the magnetic flux density. In the embodiment in which the fixed iron core 12 of the armature 10 has a diameter of 300, the magnetic pole portion 30 has a substantially isosceles triangle having a base 33 of 20.8 mm and a hypotenuse 34 of 44.8 mm (hypotenuse 34 /). The base 33 = 2.15). The length of the top 35 is 3.1 mm. Therefore, the width of the spokes 26 connected to the hub 27 is 3.1 mm. The width of the spokes 26 is about 15% of the length of the base 33.

<Magnetic flux density>
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an analysis of the magnetic flux densities of the armature 10 and the field rotor 20 of the rotary electric machine 1 of the first embodiment. FIG. 5A shows an analysis target portion. FIG. 5B shows the analysis result of the magnetic flux density in the region shown by A in FIG. 5A. The magnetic flux density is high between the teeth 11 of the armature 10 and the magnetic pole portion 30 of the field rotor 20. What contributes to the generated torque is the magnitude of the magnetic flux density at the boundary of the armature 10 of the first permanent magnet 40 in the rotation direction R2. The maximum magnetic flux density between the voids is 1.9 [T].
In this analysis, the first permanent magnet 40 and the second permanent magnet use plastic magnets. A general 0.5 [T] was used for the magnetic flux density of the plastic magnet. Due to the concentrated effect of the magnetic flux 60 of the magnetic pole portion 30, it is possible to obtain an ideal magnetic flux density close to 2 [T] of the saturated magnetic flux density of iron which is generally used.
FIG. 6 shows the torque generated by the rotary electric machine 1 of the first embodiment. The torque is 235 Nm (average). Of the generated torque, the reluctance torque, which is generally the torque generated by the force of magnetic attraction of iron, is 80 Nm. This is because the magnetic pole portion 30 is made of iron.

<Conventional example>
18 and 19 are schematic views showing an analysis of the magnetic flux density and the generated torque of the conventional rotary machine 101. This is a ring-shaped permanent magnet centered on the rotation axis direction Z, which is a general Halbach array, divided in the radial direction R1. Therefore, a permanent magnet is used instead of the magnetic pole portion 30 of the present disclosure.
FIG. 18A shows the target portion of the analysis. FIG. 18B shows the analysis result of the magnetic flux density in the region shown by B in FIG. 18A. The magnetic flux density is not high between the teeth 111 of the armature 110 and the magnetic pole portion 130 of the field rotor 120. The maximum magnetic flux density between the voids is 1.6 [T].
FIG. 19 shows the generated torque. The torque is 227 Nm. Of the generated torque, the reluctance torque, which is generally the torque generated by the force of magnetic attraction of iron, is 0 Nm. This is because the magnetic pole portion 130 is not made of iron.

<Polar arc pitch>
The action of the force of the magnetic pole portion 30 that acts to generate the torque of the rotary electric machine 1 is analyzed. In the half cycle (electrical angle 180 °) from one magnetic pole portion 30 to the next magnetic pole portion 30, the action distribution of the half cycle in the circumferential direction R2 is the action range of the suction torque on the tip side 1/6 to 3/6. Subsequently, 3/6 to 5/6 is the neutral range, and the rear end side 5/6 to 6/6 is the action range of the push-back torque force (or reverse torque). The rotating electric machine 1 has a dynamic characteristic in which the field rotor 20 is sequentially energized and pulled by the armature 10 in the forward rotation direction, so that the working areas overlap, but it is not too much to consider it as six equal parts. Therefore, the electric angle of 30 °, which is obtained by dividing the range of the electric angle of 180 ° from the action distribution of the rotary electric machine 1 into six equal parts, is used as a reference unit. The polar arc pitch λ (the ratio of the electric angle (A °) of the width of the polar arc portion 32 of the magnetic pole portion 30 to the electric angle 30 ° (B °) as seen from the rotation axis direction Z of the field rotor 20. = The torque generated for A / B) was examined. This is because the magnetic flux density (that is, the generated torque) due to the concentration of the magnetic flux 60 of the magnetic pole portion 30 fluctuates due to the polar arc pitch λ.

In FIG. 5, there are 8 analysis points (I to VIII). At point I, the polar arc pitch λ = 1.7 and the torque is 213 Nm. At point II, the polar arc pitch λ = 2.1 and the torque is 222 Nm. At point III, the polar arc pitch λ = 2.6 and the torque is 231 Nm. At point IV, the polar arc pitch λ = 3.0 and the torque is 235 Nm. At the point V, the polar arc pitch λ = 3.4 and the torque is 229 Nm. The point VI has a polar arc pitch λ = 4.0 and a torque of 227 Nm. The point VII has a polar arc pitch λ = 4.4 and a torque of 224 Nm. At point VIII, the polar arc pitch λ = 5.0 and the torque is 2216 Nm.
The analysis results of the magnetic flux densities of five of these points (point I, point IV, point V, point VII, and point VIII) are shown at point I in FIG. 8, point IV in FIG. 10, point V in FIG. 10, and FIG. 11 respectively. A point VII is shown in, and a point VIII is shown in FIG. Figure (a) shows the analysis site, and figure (b) shows the magnetic flux density (color) and magnetic flux (line), respectively.
In the shape of the substantially isosceles triangle of the magnetic pole portion 30, when the polar arc pitch λ becomes large, the length of the hypotenuse hardly changes, but the apex angle becomes large and the length of the base 33 becomes large. Therefore, the larger the polar arc pitch λ, the larger the ratio of the length of the base 33 to the length of the hypotenuse 34 (base length / hypotenuse length).
The size of the substantially isosceles triangle of the magnetic pole portion 30 is 18.4 mm at the base and 43 mm at the hypotenuse at the point III (pole arc pitch λ = 2.6) (base 33 / hypotenuse 34 = 0.42). At the point V (pole arc pitch λ = 3.4), the base is 23.2 mm and the hypotenuse is 45 mm (base 33 / hypotenuse 34 = 0.51).
What contributes to the generated torque is the large magnetic flux density in the void region where the magnetic flux 60 near the boundary between the outer edge 38 of the magnetic pole portion 30 in front of the rotation of the magnetic pole portion 30 in contact with the first permanent magnet 40 and the armature 10 travels back and forth. That's right.
The larger the polar arc pitch λ, the wider the cross-sectional area of the magnetic path, the lower the magnetoresistance at the boundary between the armature 10 and the magnetic pole portion 30, and the larger the magnetic flux 60, the higher the torque. However, if the polar arc pitch λ is made too large, the distance between the magnetic pole portions 30 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction becomes narrow, so that the thickness of the first permanent magnet 40 arranged between them becomes thin. Therefore, the magnetomotive force of the first permanent magnet 40 decreases, the magnetic flux 60 decreases, and the torque decreases.
On the other hand, when the polar arc pitch λ is small, that is, the polar arc width is narrow, the thickness of the first permanent magnet 40 can be increased, the magnetomotive force increases, the magnetic flux 60 increases, and the torque increases. However, if the polar arc pitch λ is made too small, the width of the magnetic pole portion 30 becomes narrow, magnetic saturation occurs at the magnetic pole portion 30, magnetic resistance increases, magnetic flux 60 decreases, and torque decreases.
From the above, the generated torque tends to have a convex portion due to the polar arc pitch λ.

FIG. 5 shows the torque generated by the polar arc pitch λ.
At the point α1 (polar arc pitch λ = 2.2) and the point β1 (polar arc pitch = 4.3), the generated torque is 225 Nm, and in the range of the polar arc pitch λ = 2.2 to 4.3, 225 Nm. That is all. Therefore, the generated torque can be increased by 12.5% or more.
In the disclosed polar arc pitch λ = 2.2 to 4.3, the torque becomes the minimum value of 225 Nm and the maximum value of the torque is 235 Nm at the lower limit λ = 2.2 and the upper limit λ = 4.3. It tends to be convex.
Therefore, according to the analysis, for example, in a small rotary electric machine having an outer diameter of 300 mm used in an automobile or the like, the generated torque can be increased by about 12.5%, and the target torque of 225 Nm can be achieved.
On the other hand, at the points α2 (polar arc pitch λ = 2.5) and the point β2 (polar arc pitch = 3.3), the generated torque is 229 Nm, and the polar arc pitch λ = 2.5 to 3.3. Then, it becomes 229 Nm or more. Therefore, the generated torque can be increased by 14.5% or more.
In the disclosed polar arc pitch λ = 2.5 to 3.3, the torque is the minimum value of 229 Nm and the maximum torque is 235 Nm at the lower limit λ = 2.5 and the upper limit λ = 3.3. It tends to be convex. For example, in a small rotary electric machine having an outer diameter of 300 mm used in an automobile or the like, the generated torque can be increased by about 15%, and a torque of 230 Nm larger than the target can be achieved.

From the above, in the first embodiment, the magnetic flux 60 flowing between the armature 10 and the field rotor 20 is transmitted by the magnetic pole portions 30 and the spokes 26 installed between the first permanent magnet 40 and the second permanent magnet 42. It is possible to provide a rotary electric machine 1 that concentrates and generates a large torque as a large magnetic flux density.
Further, in the third embodiment, the magnetic flux 60 flowing between the armature 10 and the field rotor 20 is concentrated by the magnetic pole portion 30 installed between the first permanent magnets 40 to generate a large torque as a large magnetic flux density. It is possible to provide the rotary electric machine 1 to be made to move.

(Second Embodiment)
The rotary electric machine 1 of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14. As shown in FIG. 13, the rotary electric machine 1 of the second embodiment has the second permanent magnet 42 removed from the rotary electric machine 1 of the first embodiment to form an opening portion 24. Therefore, the heat generated in the magnetic pole portion 30 and the first permanent magnet 42 can be efficiently dissipated by the air that flows 24 through the opening between the spokes 26 due to the rotation of the rotary electric machine 1. Therefore, there is an effect that the temperature rise of the first permanent magnet 42 can be suppressed and the performance can be maintained high. Since the permanent magnet 42 is irreversibly demagnetized by the temperature rise, it is important to suppress the temperature rise.

The magnetic pole portion 30 of the rotary electric machine 1 of the present disclosure realizes a high magnetic flux density and generates a high torque. Since a large magnetic force acts on the magnetic pole portion 30 and the first permanent magnet 42, the displacement and vibration in the circumferential direction R2 become large, and the centrifugal force acts on the radial direction R1. The spokes 26 can firmly support the magnetic pole portion 30 and the first permanent magnet 40 on the hub 27.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the bridge 50 and the outer edge 38 of the magnetic pole portion. According to this aspect, the magnetic pole portion outer edge 38 is provided on the outer periphery of the magnetic pole portion 30 of the field rotor 20, and the bridge and 50 are provided on the outer periphery of the first permanent magnet 40 of the field rotor 20, and the adjacent magnetic pole portions outer edges are provided. The ends of 38 and the bridge 50 are all joined. Therefore, on the outer periphery of the first permanent magnet 40 and the magnetic pole portion 30, there is a ring coupled with the magnetic pole portion outer edge 38 and the bridge 50. This ring mechanically integrates and couples the magnetic pole portion 30 and a permanent magnet such as the first permanent magnet 40 to the hub to strengthen it. The magnetic pole portion 30 of the field rotor 20 of the present disclosure realizes a high magnetic flux density and generates a high torque. Therefore, since a large magnetic force acts on the magnetic pole portion 30 and the first permanent magnet 40, the displacement and vibration in the circumferential direction R2 become large, and the centrifugal force in the radial direction R1 also acts. Therefore, the effect of the integrated ring is great.

The surfaced dent 52 of the bridge 50 facing the armature is shown in FIG. If the gap length between the field rotor 20 and the armature 10 is narrow and wide, the magnetic flux 60 is concentrated in the narrow space. If the dent 52 is provided on the surface of the bridge 50 facing the armature, the void length becomes wider. Therefore, the gap length with the outer edge 38 of the magnetic pole portion is relatively narrow. Since the outer edge 38 of the magnetic pole portion is in contact with the polar arc portion 32 of the magnetic pole portion 30, it is possible to increase the concentration of the magnetic flux 60 at the magnetic pole portion 30.

The bridge 50 is preferably a non-magnetic member. The polarities of the adjacent magnetic pole portions 30 are N poles, S poles and different poles arranged alternately. Here, when the bridge 50 connecting the adjacent magnetic pole portions 30 is made of a magnetic material, leakage of the magnetic flux 60, that is, a shortcut occurs between the adjacent different poles via the bridge 50. When the shortcut occurs, the amount of the magnetic flux 60 supplied to the fixed iron core 12 of the armature 10 decreases. When the bridge 50 is made of a non-magnetic material, the shortcut is suppressed.

From the above, the second embodiment can provide the rotary electric machine 1 capable of efficiently cooling the heat generated by the first permanent magnet 40 by using the opening portion 24 between the adjacent spokes 26.
Further, in the second embodiment, the magnetic flux 60 flowing between the armature 10 and the field rotor 20 is concentrated by the magnetic pole portion 30 installed between the first permanent magnets 40 to generate a large torque as a large magnetic flux density. It is possible to provide the rotary electric machine 1 to be made to move.

(Third Embodiment)
The rotary electric machine 1 of the third embodiment has a configuration in which the spokes 26 and the opening portion 24 of the second embodiment are integrated with the hub 27. The integrated hub 27 can reduce the radial direction R1 to the length before integration. Therefore, the rotary electric machine 1 can be miniaturized.
Further, in the third embodiment, the magnetic flux 60 flowing between the armature 10 and the field rotor 20 is concentrated by the magnetic pole portion 30 installed between the first permanent magnets 40 to generate a large torque as a large magnetic flux density. It is possible to provide the rotary electric machine 1 to be made to move.

(Fourth Embodiment)
The schematic diagram of the rotary electric machine 1 of the 4th embodiment is shown in FIGS. 15 to 17. As shown in FIG. 16B, the rotary electric machine 1 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 15 includes one spoke 26, a hub 27, a second permanent magnet 42, and a first permanent magnet 40 of the field rotor 20. It has a third permanent magnet 44 coupled to. When the third permanent magnet 44 is used, the number of parts of the permanent magnet can be reduced to one, and the assembly man-hours can be reduced. In particular, the cost can be reduced by using a plastic magnet that enables injection molding. Further, since the plastic magnet is lighter than the sintered metal magnet, the amount with the rotating iron core 22 is reduced, and the weight of the rotating electric machine 1 as a whole can be reduced.

The first permanent magnet 40, the second permanent magnet 43, or the third permanent magnet 44 is magnetized. The forms of magnetism include parallel magnetization and polar anisotropic magnetization. FIG. 17A shows parallel magnetism with the third permanent magnet 44. FIG. 17B shows polar anisotropic magnetization with the third permanent magnet 44. Anisotropic magnetism is difficult to manufacture. Therefore, in the analysis of the first embodiment, parallel magnetism was performed.

In addition, parallel magnetism on a plastic magnet can be magnetized uniformly as a whole. Therefore, the magnetic field energy of the plastic magnet can be secured to be large with respect to the amount of the plastic magnet, and the generated torque becomes large. Further, since the magnetizing of the plastic magnet alone can be performed before assembling the field rotor 20, the individual workmanship (quality, etc.) of the plastic magnet is good, the inspection is easy, and the overall cost is low. ..

As described above, the rotary electric machine 1 of the fourth embodiment has the spoke 26 of the field rotor 20, the hub 27, the second permanent magnet 42, and the third permanent magnet 44 in which the first permanent magnet 40 is combined into one. .. Therefore, the assembly man-hours can be reduced. In addition, the cost and weight can be reduced by using a plastic magnet.

Code 1 Rotating machine 3 Rotating shaft 5 Hub (Rotating shaft side) 7 Void (between armature and field rotor)
10 Armature 11 Teeth 12 Fixed core 14 Slot 16 Winding 20 Field rotor 22 Rotating core 24 Perforated part 26 Spoke 27 Hub (rotating core)
30 Magnetic pole 32 Extreme arc 33 Bottom 34 Hypotenuse 35 Top 38 Magnetic pole outer edge 40 1st permanent magnet 42 2nd permanent magnet 44 3rd permanent magnet
50 Bridge 52 Dent 60 Magnetic flux Z Rotation axis direction R1 Radial direction R2 Circumferential direction (rotation direction)

Claims (11)

An armature with a fixed iron core in which polymorphic windings are wound in multiple slots,
A rotating iron core with a hub on the inside and a magnetic pole on the outside,
A first permanent magnet having N poles and S poles in the circumferential direction and having the N poles and S poles alternately arranged in the circumferential direction between the magnetic pole portions.
The magnetic pole portion, which is a substantially isosceles triangle whose base is the length of both ends of the polar arc portion in the circumferential direction of the field rotor, is provided.
In a rotary electric machine having the armature and an annular field rotor having a gap length of a predetermined dimension, the magnetic pole portion and the outer periphery of the permanent magnet are separated from each other, and the hub is fixed to the rotary shaft.
The magnetic pole portion is a rotary electric machine characterized in that the ratio of the length of the base to the length of the hypotenuse (length of the base / length of the hypotenuse) is 0.56 or less. An armature with a fixed iron core in which polymorphic windings are wound in multiple slots,
A rotating iron core with a hub on the inside and a magnetic pole on the outside,
A first permanent magnet having N poles and S poles in the circumferential direction and having the N poles and S poles alternately arranged in the circumferential direction between the magnetic pole portions.
The magnetic pole portion, which is a substantially isosceles triangle whose base is the length of both ends of the polar arc portion in the circumferential direction of the field rotor, is provided.
In a rotary electric machine having the armature and an annular field rotor having a gap length of a predetermined dimension, the magnetic pole portion and the outer periphery of the permanent magnet are separated from each other, and the hub is fixed to the rotary shaft.
Polar arc pitch λ = A / which is the ratio of the electric angle (A °) of the width of the polar arc portion of the magnetic pole portion to the electric angle 30 ° (B °) when viewed from the rotation axis direction of the field rotor. A rotary electric machine characterized in that B is 2.2 to 4.3. In the rotary electric machine of claim 2,
Polar arc pitch λ = A / which is the ratio of the electric angle (A °) of the width of the polar arc portion of the magnetic pole portion to the electric angle 30 ° (B °) when viewed from the rotation axis direction of the field rotor. A rotary electric machine characterized in that B is 2.5 to 3.3. In the rotary electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
A rotary electric machine comprising: a spoke connected to the hub from the top of a substantially isosceles triangle of the magnetic pole portion of the field rotor, and an opening portion between adjacent spokes. In the rotary electric machine of claim 4,
A second permanent magnet coupled to the adjacent first permanent magnet is arranged in the opening between the spokes of the field rotor, and the north and south poles of the second permanent magnet are the first. 1 A rotating electric machine characterized by being the same as a permanent magnet. In the rotary electric machine of claim 5,
A rotary electric machine in which the spoke, the hub, the second permanent magnet, and the first permanent magnet of the field rotor are a third permanent magnet coupled to one. In the rotary electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
A rotary electric machine characterized in that at least one of the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet, or the third permanent magnet is magnetized in parallel. In the rotary electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
A rotary electric machine characterized in that the magnetic pole portion of the field rotor is a metal having at least an amorphous mother phase. In the rotary electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
A magnetic pole outer edge is provided on the outer periphery of the magnetic pole portion of the field rotor, and a bridge is provided on the outer periphery of the first permanent magnet of the field rotor. A rotary electric machine characterized by being all connected. In the rotary electric machine of claim 9,
A rotary electric machine characterized by having a dent on the surface of the bridge facing the armature. In the rotary electric machine of claim 9 or claim 10.
The bridge is a rotary electric machine characterized by being a non-magnetic member.

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