JP2021188296A - Protective facility - Google Patents
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- JP2021188296A JP2021188296A JP2020092181A JP2020092181A JP2021188296A JP 2021188296 A JP2021188296 A JP 2021188296A JP 2020092181 A JP2020092181 A JP 2020092181A JP 2020092181 A JP2020092181 A JP 2020092181A JP 2021188296 A JP2021188296 A JP 2021188296A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は雪崩、落石、崩落土砂等による災害を防止する防護施設に関する。 The present invention relates to a protective facility for preventing disasters caused by avalanches, rockfalls, landslides, etc.
従来、雪崩、落石、崩落土砂等の崩落物による災害を防止する防護施設として、斜面下に設けた擁壁の上面に支柱を並設し、各支柱に複数段のロープとネットを張設して防護柵を構築したものがある（特許文献１参照）。 Conventionally, as a protective facility to prevent disasters caused by collapsed objects such as avalanches, rockfalls, and landslides, columns were installed side by side on the upper surface of the retaining wall provided under the slope, and multiple steps of ropes and nets were installed on each column. (See Patent Document 1).
従来の防護施設の擁壁は、図９のように側方からの土圧に対する抗土圧構造であり、上面に防護柵を設置することで崩落物の衝撃や堆積力に対する待ち受け機能を付加されている。
擁壁は土圧に抗するものであるため、上部より下部が厚くなることが一般的である。
このように、従来の防護施設は、土圧や、崩落物の衝撃・堆積力等、全ての外圧を防護施設の側面から受けて吸収する構造であり、その外圧の低減機能を保持していない。
また、近年は従来の想定を超えた降雨量・降雪量となることも多い。
このため、従来の防護施設は以下の問題点を有する。
As shown in Fig. 9, the retaining wall of the conventional protection facility has an earth pressure resistance structure against earth pressure from the side, and by installing a protection fence on the upper surface, a standby function against the impact and accumulation force of collapsed objects is added. ing.
Retaining walls resist earth pressure, so the lower part is generally thicker than the upper part.
In this way, the conventional protection facility has a structure that receives and absorbs all external pressure such as earth pressure and impact / accumulation force of collapsed objects from the side of the protection facility, and does not have the function of reducing the external pressure. ..
In recent years, the amount of rainfall and snowfall often exceeds the conventional expectations.
Therefore, the conventional protection facility has the following problems.
＜１＞積雪（図１０）
積雪時には、土圧に加えて防護柵には雪圧Ｆａが作用する。このため、想定を超えた降雪量になると、積雪により防護施設に作用する雪圧Ｆａが設計外の荷重となり、防護柵が壊れたり、擁壁にかかる土圧と合わせた側面からの外圧により防護施設全体が転倒したりするおそれがある。
また、積雪は斜面に沿って形成されるため、上方からの崩落雪がそのまま下方に落下したり、防護柵上に雪庇が形成されたりしてしまう。
そして、防護柵の谷側の擁壁上面の積雪や雪庇がアイスボールとなり落下するおそれもある。
<1> Snow cover (Fig. 10)
When snow is accumulated, snow pressure Fa acts on the guard fence in addition to earth pressure. For this reason, if the amount of snowfall exceeds expectations, the snow pressure Fa that acts on the protection facility due to snow accumulation becomes an undesigned load, the guard fence breaks, and protection is provided by external pressure from the side combined with the earth pressure applied to the retaining wall. The entire facility may tip over.
In addition, since the snow cover is formed along the slope, the falling snow from above may fall downward as it is, or a cornice may be formed on the guard fence.
Then, the snow on the upper surface of the retaining wall on the valley side of the guard fence and the cornice may become ice balls and fall.
＜２＞崩落土砂（図１１）
崩落土砂の運動エネルギーは、ほぼ衝撃力Ｆｂとなり防護施設に作用する。
想定を超えた降雨量となると、崩落土砂の量も多くなり、設計外の崩壊土砂衝撃力Ｆｂにより防護柵が壊れたり、土圧と合わせた側面からの外圧により防護施設全体が転倒したりするおそれがある。
<2> Collapsed earth and sand (Fig. 11)
The kinetic energy of the collapsed soil becomes almost an impact force Fb and acts on the protection facility.
If the amount of rainfall exceeds expectations, the amount of collapsed soil will also increase, and the guard fence will break due to the undesigned collapsed soil impact force Fb, or the entire protection facility will tip over due to external pressure from the side combined with earth pressure. There is a risk.
＜３＞崩落土砂の堆積（図１２）
堆積した崩落土砂による土圧Ｆｃは防護施設に作用するため、想定を超えた崩落土砂の量となると、設計外の土圧Ｆｃにより防護柵が壊れたり、擁壁にかかる土圧と合わせた側面からの外圧により防護施設全体が転倒したりするおそれがある。
また、防護柵と斜面との間隔が狭いため、崩落土砂の堆積できる量も少ない。
<3> Accumulation of collapsed soil (Fig. 12)
Since the earth pressure Fc caused by the accumulated collapsed soil acts on the protection facility, if the amount of collapsed soil exceeds the expected amount, the protection fence may be broken by the undesigned earth pressure Fc, or the side surface combined with the earth pressure applied to the retaining wall. There is a risk that the entire protective facility will tip over due to external pressure from the earth.
In addition, since the distance between the guard fence and the slope is narrow, the amount of collapsed soil that can be deposited is small.
＜４＞落石（図１３）
落石の運動エネルギーは、衝撃力Ｆｄとなり防護柵に直接作用する。
防護柵により直接落石のエネルギーを吸収する必要があるが、防護柵により吸収できるエネルギー量には限界がある。
また、設計外の衝撃力Ｆｄにより防護柵が壊れたり、土圧と合わせた側面からの外圧により防護施設全体が転倒したりするおそれがある。
<4> Rockfall (Fig. 13)
The kinetic energy of the rockfall becomes an impact force Fd and acts directly on the guard fence.
It is necessary to absorb the energy of falling rocks directly by the guard fence, but there is a limit to the amount of energy that can be absorbed by the guard fence.
In addition, the protective fence may be broken due to the impact force Fd not designed, or the entire protective facility may fall due to the external pressure from the side surface combined with the earth pressure.
本発明は以上の点に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的とするところは、転倒することがなく、崩落物への対応にも優れた、防護施設を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a protective facility that does not tip over and is excellent in dealing with collapsed objects.
本発明は、斜面下に設置する擁壁と、擁壁に立設する防護柵と、からなる防護施設であって、擁壁は、前面に傾斜面を有する基礎部と、前記基礎部の上部から前記斜面方向に張り出した張出部と、を一体とした剛性構造であり、張出部の上面は、略水平面である。
また、本発明の他の形態では、防護柵は、基礎部の傾斜面に立設する。
また、本発明の他の形態では、擁壁は新設でもよいし、基礎部が既設擁壁でもよい。
The present invention is a protective facility including a retaining wall installed under a slope and a protective fence erected on the retaining wall. The retaining wall has a foundation portion having an inclined surface on the front surface and an upper portion of the foundation portion. It has a rigid structure in which the overhanging portion protruding in the direction of the slope is integrated, and the upper surface of the overhanging portion is a substantially horizontal plane.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the guard fence is erected on the inclined surface of the foundation portion.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the retaining wall may be newly installed or the foundation may be an existing retaining wall.
本発明の防護施設は、以下の効果の少なくとも一つを有する。
＜１＞積雪
積雪による雪圧が、擁壁の後部に位置する張出部の上面に鉛直に作用し、擁壁に側圧はかからず、防護柵にかかる荷重を上回り、擁壁に転倒力がかからない。
＜２＞崩落土砂
崩落土砂の衝撃力は擁壁の後部に位置する張出部の上面に鉛直に作用するため、擁壁に転倒力がかからない。また、衝撃力が擁壁上面に吸収されるため、防護柵にかかる衝撃力は小さい。
＜３＞崩落土砂の堆積
防護柵と斜面との間に間隔Ｄを有する。このため、大量の崩落土砂を堆積することができる。
また、崩落土砂による土圧が擁壁の後部に位置する張出部の上面に鉛直に作用し、擁壁に側圧はかからず、防護柵にかかる荷重を上回り、擁壁に転倒力がかからない。
＜４＞落石
落石は擁壁上面に衝突し、エネルギーが半減するため、防護柵に作用する衝撃力は小さくなる。
また、擁壁にかかる転倒力も、張出部の重量が作用し減少する。
The protective facility of the present invention has at least one of the following effects.
<1> Snowfall The snow pressure caused by the snowfall acts vertically on the upper surface of the overhanging part located at the rear of the retaining wall, and no lateral pressure is applied to the retaining wall, exceeding the load applied to the guard fence and overturning force on the retaining wall. It doesn't cost.
<2> Collapsed earth and sand The impact force of the collapsed earth and sand acts vertically on the upper surface of the overhanging part located at the rear of the retaining wall, so that no overturning force is applied to the retaining wall. Moreover, since the impact force is absorbed by the upper surface of the retaining wall, the impact force applied to the guard fence is small.
<3> Accumulation of collapsed soil There is a space D between the guard fence and the slope. Therefore, a large amount of collapsed soil can be deposited.
In addition, earth pressure due to collapsed earth and sand acts vertically on the upper surface of the overhanging part located at the rear of the retaining wall, no lateral pressure is applied to the retaining wall, the load applied to the guard fence is exceeded, and no overturning force is applied to the retaining wall. ..
<4> Falling rocks The falling rocks collide with the upper surface of the retaining wall and the energy is halved, so the impact force acting on the guard fence is reduced.
In addition, the overturning force applied to the retaining wall is also reduced by the weight of the overhanging portion.
図面を参照しながら本発明について詳細に説明する。なお、本説明における前、後は谷方向、山方向を表し、前面、背面は谷側の面、山側の面を表す。 The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In this description, the front and the back represent the valley direction and the mountain direction, and the front surface and the back surface represent the valley side surface and the mountain side surface.
［実施例１］
＜１＞防護施設の概要
本発明の防護施設は、斜面Ｇ下に設置する擁壁１０と、擁壁１０に立設する防護柵２０と、からなる（図１、図２）。
[Example 1]
<1> Outline of Protective Facility The protective facility of the present invention comprises a retaining wall 10 installed under the slope G and a protective fence 20 erected on the retaining wall 10 (FIGS. 1 and 2).
＜２＞擁壁１０
擁壁１０は、斜面Ｇから離隔して配置された基礎部１１と、基礎部１１の上部から斜面Ｇ方向に張り出し、基礎部１１と斜面Ｇとの間に設ける張出部１２を一体とした剛性構造である。
<2> Retaining wall 10
The retaining wall 10 integrates a foundation portion 11 arranged apart from the slope G and an overhanging portion 12 provided between the foundation portion 11 and the slope G so as to project from the upper part of the foundation portion 11 in the direction of the slope G. It has a rigid structure.
＜２．１＞基礎部１１
基礎部１１は、コンクリート擁壁やブロック積み擁壁など、公知の形態であり、前面に傾斜面１１１を有する。傾斜面１１１の傾きは９０°以下とし、多段状であってもよい。
基礎部１１は、新設でもよいし、既設擁壁にも適用が可能である。
基礎部１１前面の傾斜面１１１には防護柵２０を立設する。
本実施例においては、基礎部１１の底面を張出部１２の底面よりも低くしたが、基礎部１１の必要高さによっては、基礎部１１の底面を張出部１２の底面よりも高くしてもよい。
<2.1> Foundation 11
The foundation portion 11 has a known form such as a concrete retaining wall or a block stacking retaining wall, and has an inclined surface 111 on the front surface. The inclination of the inclined surface 111 is 90 ° or less, and may be multi-stepped.
The foundation portion 11 may be newly installed or can be applied to an existing retaining wall.
A guard fence 20 is erected on the inclined surface 111 on the front surface of the foundation portion 11.
In this embodiment, the bottom surface of the foundation portion 11 is lower than the bottom surface of the overhanging portion 12, but depending on the required height of the foundation portion 11, the bottom surface of the foundation portion 11 may be higher than the bottom surface of the overhanging portion 12. You may.
＜２．２＞張出部１２
張出部１２は、基礎部１１の上部から斜面Ｇ方向に張り出して設けるコンクリート製の部材である。
張出部１２の上面は、略水平面とする。本実施例においては、基礎部１１の上面と張出部１２の上面を同一平面とする。ただし、同一平面に限らず、基礎部１１の上面と張出部１２の上面は異なる高さとしてもよい。
張出部１２は、所定の強度を持たせるために厚く形成する。
張出部１２が基礎部１１の上部から後方に張り出して位置するため、基礎部１１に谷側への転倒力が作用しても、張出部１２の重量により対抗することができる。
本実施例において、張出部１２は台形状としたが、長方形状としてもよい。
<2.2> Overhanging part 12
The overhanging portion 12 is a concrete member provided so as to project from the upper portion of the foundation portion 11 in the slope G direction.
The upper surface of the overhanging portion 12 is a substantially horizontal plane. In this embodiment, the upper surface of the foundation portion 11 and the upper surface of the overhanging portion 12 are made flush with each other. However, the height is not limited to the same plane, and the upper surface of the foundation portion 11 and the upper surface of the overhanging portion 12 may have different heights.
The overhanging portion 12 is formed thick so as to have a predetermined strength.
Since the overhanging portion 12 is located so as to project rearward from the upper part of the foundation portion 11, even if a tipping force toward the valley side acts on the foundation portion 11, the weight of the overhanging portion 12 can counteract it.
In this embodiment, the overhanging portion 12 has a trapezoidal shape, but may have a rectangular shape.
＜３＞防護柵２０
防護柵２０は、擁壁１０の基礎部１１の上面よりも谷側となる、前面の傾斜面１１１に立設する。
防護柵２０は、雪崩や石、崩落土砂等の崩落物を捕捉するための柵であればその形態は問わない。本例は斜面Ｇの下部に沿って立設する防護柵２０の端部を表したものであり、いずれも擁壁１０の基礎部１１前面の傾斜面１１１に立設する端部支柱２１及び複数の中間支柱２２と、各支柱間に取り付けた防護ネット２３と、を具備する。
防護柵２０は、擁壁１０の上面よりも谷側となる傾斜面１１１に立設するため、設置位置が低くなり、土砂等の撤去作業が簡単・安全である。
なお、擁壁１０の傾斜面１１１の下部を谷側に張り出す等により、傾斜面１１１より谷側に防護柵２０を立設してもよい。また、張出部１１２の大きさにより、張出部１１２のみで後述する外圧の低減機能を満たす場合には、基礎部１１の上面に防護柵２０を立設してもよい。
<3> Guard rail 20
The guard fence 20 is erected on the inclined surface 111 on the front surface, which is on the valley side of the upper surface of the foundation portion 11 of the retaining wall 10.
The form of the guard fence 20 does not matter as long as it is a fence for capturing avalanches, stones, collapsed earth and sand, and other collapsed objects. This example represents the end portion of the guard fence 20 erected along the lower part of the slope G, and both of the end struts 21 erected on the inclined surface 111 on the front surface of the foundation portion 11 of the retaining wall 10 and a plurality of them. The
Since the guard fence 20 is erected on the inclined surface 111 which is on the valley side of the upper surface of the retaining wall 10, the installation position is low, and the work of removing earth and sand is easy and safe.
The guard fence 20 may be erected on the valley side of the inclined surface 111 by projecting the lower portion of the inclined surface 111 of the retaining wall 10 toward the valley side. Further, depending on the size of the overhanging portion 112, if only the overhanging portion 112 satisfies the external pressure reducing function described later, a guard fence 20 may be erected on the upper surface of the foundation portion 11.
＜３．１＞端部支柱２１、中間支柱２２
端部支柱２１、中間支柱２２は、例えば鋼管、多重鋼管、コンクリート充填鋼管、コンクリート柱、Ｈ鋼等の公知の支柱を適用できる。端部支柱２１、中間支柱２２の全長が長尺の場合は分割式に構成し、現場で分割柱体を組み立てるようにしてもよい。
<3.1> End strut 21,
As the end column 21 and the
＜３．２＞防護ネット２３
防護ネット２３は外形が略矩形を呈していて、複数のロープ２４と上部ネット２５ａ、下部ネット２５ｂからなる。ロープ２４は引張強度に優れた金属製または繊維製のロープ材であり、各支柱２１、２２に対して摺動可能または摺動不能な形態で取り付けられている。上部ネット２５ａ、下部ネット２５ｂは崩落物の捕捉に適した金属製または繊維製のネット材であり、強度面とコスト面の観点から金網が好適である。上部ネット２５ａ、下部ネット２５ｂは線状のコイル等を介してロープ２４に取り付ける。
上部ネット２５ａは、概ね擁壁１０の上面より上方のロープ２４の山側に取り付ける。また、下部ネット２５ｂは、概ね擁壁１０の上面より下方（傾斜面１１１の前方）のロープ２４の谷側であって、隣り合う各支柱２１、２２間に取り付ける。このとき、上部ネット２５ａと下部ネット２５ｂは、上部ネット２５ａの下端と下部ネット２５ｂの上端の間に空隙ができないように配置するが、上部ネット２５ａの下部と下部ネット２５ｂの上部が、正面視重なるように取り付けてもよい。
本例においては、隣り合う支柱の頭部間に上弦材２６を横架し、上部ネット２５ａの上端を上弦材２６と連結してあるが、上弦材２６は必須ではない。
下部ネット２５ｂは、隣り合う各支柱２１、２２間に、ロープ２４の谷側に取り付けることで、谷側から各支柱２１、２２のスパン毎に取り外すことができる。
<3.2> Protective net 23
The protective net 23 has a substantially rectangular outer shape, and is composed of a plurality of ropes 24, an upper net 25a, and a lower net 25b. The rope 24 is a metal or fiber rope material having excellent tensile strength, and is attached to each of the
The upper net 25a is attached to the mountain side of the rope 24 generally above the upper surface of the retaining wall 10. Further, the lower net 25b is generally on the valley side of the rope 24 below the upper surface of the retaining wall 10 (in front of the inclined surface 111), and is attached between the
In this example, the upper chord member 26 is laid horizontally between the heads of the adjacent columns, and the upper end of the upper net 25a is connected to the upper chord member 26, but the upper chord member 26 is not essential.
The lower net 25b can be removed from the valley side for each span of the
＜４＞支え横張材２７
防護柵２０を構成する端部支柱２１と中間支柱２２は、擁壁１０の上面よりも谷側となる傾斜面１１１に立設する。よって、各支柱２１、２２を支え横張材２７によって支持してもよい。
支え横張材２７は鋼材からなり、基礎部１１及び張出部１２に埋設してアンカー２７１等により擁壁１０と一体とする。
<4> Support horizontal member 27
The end column 21 and the
The support horizontal member 27 is made of a steel material, is embedded in the foundation portion 11 and the overhanging portion 12, and is integrated with the retaining wall 10 by an
＜５＞防護柵２０と斜面Ｇとの間隔
防護柵２０は、擁壁１０の基礎部１１の上面よりも谷側の傾斜面１１１に立設する。そして、基礎部１１の上部と斜面Ｇの間には略水平面を有する張出部１２を設ける。
このため、防護柵２０と斜面Ｇとは所定の間隔Ｄだけ離れるとともに、防護柵２０と斜面Ｇとの間には、基礎部１１と張出部１２との上面により、略水平で平坦なステージＳが形成される。
ステージＳの上面には、崩落物による衝撃力の緩和や擁壁１０の保護のために、砂や土嚢等、緩衝材（図示せず）を設けてもよい。
<5> Spacing between the guard fence 20 and the slope G The guard fence 20 is erected on the slope 111 on the valley side of the upper surface of the foundation portion 11 of the retaining wall 10. Then, an overhanging portion 12 having a substantially horizontal plane is provided between the upper portion of the foundation portion 11 and the slope G.
Therefore, the guard fence 20 and the slope G are separated by a predetermined distance D, and the stage is substantially horizontal and flat between the guard fence 20 and the slope G due to the upper surfaces of the foundation portion 11 and the overhanging portion 12. S is formed.
A cushioning material (not shown) such as sand or sandbags may be provided on the upper surface of the stage S in order to alleviate the impact force due to the collapsed object and protect the retaining wall 10.
［防護施設の作用］
次に、本発明の防護施設の作用について説明する。
[Action of protective facilities]
Next, the operation of the protective facility of the present invention will be described.
＜１＞積雪（図３）
本発明の防護施設は、積雪はステージＳと斜面Ｇに沿って形成される。
斜面Ｇ上の積雪による雪圧Ｆ１は、ステージＳ上の距離Ｄを有する積雪により安定して保持されるため、雪崩が防止される。
また、ステージＳ上の積雪による雪圧は、防護柵２０に水平に作用する雪圧Ｆ２の他、ステージＳの上面にも鉛直に雪圧Ｆ３が作用するため、基礎部１１に転倒力はかからない。よって、防護施設全体が転倒するおそれがない。また、防護柵２０の背面はステージＳによって平坦に積雪するため、雪圧Ｆ３が防護柵２０に及ぼす雪圧も少なくなり、防護柵２０が壊れるおそれもない。
さらに、ステージＳ上は平坦に積雪するため雪庇が形成されず、上方からの崩落物が留まる平場が確保される。
そして、防護柵２０は擁壁１０の基礎部１１上面よりも谷側の傾斜面１１１に立設するため、防護柵２０の前面には積雪がなく、雪庇も形成されないため、防護柵２０上部及び前面からのアイスボールの落下のおそれがない。
<1> Snow cover (Fig. 3)
In the protective facility of the present invention, snow cover is formed along the stage S and the slope G.
Yuki圧F 1 by snow on slopes G, since stably held by snow having a distance D on the stage S, avalanches can be prevented.
Further, the Yuki圧by snow on the stage S, other Yuki圧F 2 acting horizontally fences 20, since the acts vertically Yuki圧F 3 to the upper surface of the stage S, tipping force to the base portion 11 It doesn't take. Therefore, there is no risk that the entire protection facility will fall. Further, in order to snow flat by rear stage S of fences 20, Yuki圧the Yuki圧F 3 is on fences 20 also decreases, there is no risk of broken fences 20.
Further, since snow is accumulated flat on the stage S, a cornice is not formed, and a flat ground where collapsed objects from above stay is secured.
Since the guard fence 20 is erected on the inclined surface 111 on the valley side of the upper surface of the foundation portion 11 of the retaining wall 10, there is no snow on the front surface of the guard fence 20 and no cornice is formed. There is no risk of the ice ball falling from the front.
＜２＞崩落土砂（図４）
本発明の防護施設は、防護柵２０と斜面Ｇとの間にステージＳを有する。
このため、崩落土砂の衝撃力Ｆ４はステージＳ上面に作用するため、基礎部１１に転倒力はかからない。よって、防護施設全体が転倒するおそれがない。また、防護柵２０に崩落土砂が到達した場合には衝撃力Ｆ５が作用するが、衝撃力は張出部１２から地盤に吸収されているため、衝撃力Ｆ５は小さく、防護柵２０が壊れるおそれがない。
<2> Collapsed earth and sand (Fig. 4)
The protection facility of the present invention has a stage S between the protection fence 20 and the slope G.
Thus, the impact force F 4 of collapsed sediment is to act on the stage S top, tipping force to the base portion 11 is not applied. Therefore, there is no risk that the entire protection facility will fall. Further, when the collapsed earth and sand reach the guard fence 20, the impact force F 5 acts, but since the impact force is absorbed by the ground from the overhanging portion 12, the impact force F 5 is small and the guard fence 20 is used. There is no risk of breaking.
＜３＞崩落土砂の堆積（図５）
本発明の防護施設は、防護柵２０と斜面Ｇとの間に間隔Ｄを有する。このため、大量の崩落土砂を堆積することができる。
また、崩落土砂による土圧は、防護柵２０に水平に作用する土圧Ｆ６の他、ステージＳの上面にも鉛直に土圧Ｆ７が作用するため、基礎部１１に転倒力はかからない。よって、防護施設全体が転倒するおそれがない。また、防護柵２０の背面はステージＳによって平坦に崩落土砂が堆積するため、土圧Ｆ６は小さくなり、防護柵２０が壊れるおそれもない。
さらに、防護柵２０を傾斜面１１に立設するため、防護柵２０は設置位置が低くなり、支柱２１、２２のスパン毎に下部ネット２５ｂを取り外すことで、防護柵２０下部からの土砂の撤去作業を簡単かつ安全に行うことができる。
<3> Accumulation of collapsed soil (Fig. 5)
The protective facility of the present invention has a distance D between the guard fence 20 and the slope G. Therefore, a large amount of collapsed soil can be deposited.
Further, the earth pressure by collapsing sediment, other soil pressure F 6 acting horizontally fences 20, to act soil pressure F 7 is vertically to the upper surface of the stage S, it does not take the tipping force to the base portion 11. Therefore, there is no risk that the entire protection facility will fall. Further, the back of the fences 20 for depositing the flat collapsed soil by a stage S, soil pressure F 6 decreases, there is no fear that the safety barrier 20 is broken.
Further, since the guard fence 20 is erected on the inclined surface 11, the installation position of the guard fence 20 is lowered, and by removing the lower net 25b for each span of the
＜４＞落石（図６）
本発明の防護施設は、防護柵２０と斜面Ｇとの間に、一体とした剛性構造の基礎部１１と張出部１２との上面により、平坦なステージＳが形成される。
このため、落石は一度、ステージＳに衝突し、エネルギーがほぼ半減される。
その後、落石は防護柵２０に衝突するが、エネルギーは半減しているため、防護柵２０に作用する衝撃力は小さくなり、防護柵２０が壊れることがない。また、張出部１２の重量により擁壁にかかる転倒力も減少するため、防護施設全体が転倒したりするおそれがない。また、要求される吸収エネルギー量も小さくなる。
<4> Rockfall (Fig. 6)
In the protective facility of the present invention, a flat stage S is formed between the guard fence 20 and the slope G by the upper surfaces of the foundation portion 11 and the overhanging portion 12 having an integrated rigid structure.
Therefore, the rockfall once collides with the stage S, and the energy is almost halved.
After that, the falling rock collides with the guard fence 20, but since the energy is halved, the impact force acting on the guard fence 20 becomes small, and the guard fence 20 is not broken. Further, since the weight of the overhanging portion 12 reduces the overturning force applied to the retaining wall, there is no possibility that the entire protective facility will overturn. In addition, the required amount of absorbed energy is also reduced.
以上のように、本発明の防護施設は、基礎部１１の上部から斜面Ｇ方向に張り出し、基礎部１１と斜面Ｇとの間に設ける張出部１２を設けて上部よりも下部が厚くない擁壁１０とするとともに、防護柵２０と斜面Ｇとの間にステージＳを形成することにより、ステージＳに鉛直方向の外力を作用させることで、防護施設に作用する外圧の低減機能を有する。 As described above, the protective facility of the present invention has an overhanging portion 12 extending from the upper portion of the foundation portion 11 toward the slope G, and an overhanging portion 12 provided between the foundation portion 11 and the slope G, and the lower portion is not thicker than the upper portion. The wall 10 and the stage S are formed between the guard fence 20 and the slope G, so that an external force in the vertical direction is applied to the stage S, thereby having a function of reducing the external pressure acting on the protection facility.
＜５＞既設擁壁への適用
本発明の防護施設は、既設擁壁の前面に防護柵２０を立設し、斜面Ｇを掘削して張出部１２を基礎部１１と一体に設けることで、既設擁壁にも適用することができる。
既設擁壁を有効活用することで、短期間のうちに簡単に施工することができる。
このとき、図１、２のように、基礎部１１の後部に張出部１２を設けてもよいし、図７のように、例えば既設の基礎部１１の高さが低い場合などに、基礎部１１の上部から斜面Ｇにかけて張出部１２を設けてもよい。
なお、既設擁壁であって、上面に防護柵２０が立設している場合、防護柵２０を谷側に移設しなくても、張出部１２を設けることで、斜面Ｇとの間にステージＳを形成することができ、防護施設に作用する外圧の低減機能を付与することができる。
<5> Application to existing retaining wall In the protective facility of the present invention, a protective fence 20 is erected in front of the existing retaining wall, a slope G is excavated, and an overhanging portion 12 is provided integrally with the foundation portion 11. , Can also be applied to existing retaining walls.
By effectively utilizing the existing retaining wall, it can be easily constructed in a short period of time.
At this time, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an overhanging portion 12 may be provided at the rear portion of the foundation portion 11, or as shown in FIG. 7, for example, when the height of the existing foundation portion 11 is low, the foundation may be provided. The overhanging portion 12 may be provided from the upper portion of the portion 11 to the slope G.
If the existing retaining wall has a guard fence 20 erected on the upper surface, the overhanging portion 12 can be provided between the existing retaining wall and the slope G without moving the guard fence 20 to the valley side. The stage S can be formed, and the function of reducing the external pressure acting on the protective facility can be imparted.
＜６＞待受ポケット
張出部１２の斜面側に、上面を一部切り欠いて、小崩落土砂用の待受ポケット１２２としてもよい（図８）。
<6> Stand-by pocket A part of the upper surface may be cut out on the slope side of the overhanging portion 12 to serve as a stand-by pocket 122 for small collapsed earth and sand (FIG. 8).
１０・・・擁壁
１１・・・基礎部
１１１・・傾斜面
１２・・・張出部
２０・・・防護柵
２１・・・端部支柱
２２・・・中間支柱
２３・・・防護ネット
２４・・・ロープ
２５ａ・・上部ネット
２５ｂ・・上部ネット
２６・・・上弦材
２７・・・支え横張材
10 ... Retaining wall 11 ... Foundation part 111 ... Inclined surface 12 ... Overhanging part 20 ... Guard fence 21 ...
本発明は、斜面下に設置する擁壁と、擁壁に立設する防護柵と、からなる防護施設であって、擁壁は、前面に傾斜面を有する基礎部と、前記基礎部の上部から後面に沿って連続して前記斜面方向に張り出した張出部と、を一体とした剛性構造であり、張出部の上面は、略水平面である。
また、本発明の他の形態では、防護柵は、基礎部の傾斜面に立設する。
また、本発明の他の形態では、擁壁は新設でもよいし、基礎部が既設擁壁でもよい。
The present invention is a protective facility including a retaining wall installed under a slope and a protective fence erected on the retaining wall. The retaining wall has a foundation portion having an inclined surface on the front surface and an upper portion of the foundation portion. It has a rigid structure in which an overhanging portion continuously overhanging in the direction of the slope is integrated with the overhanging portion along the rear surface, and the upper surface of the overhanging portion is a substantially horizontal plane.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the guard fence is erected on the inclined surface of the foundation portion.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the retaining wall may be newly installed or the foundation may be an existing retaining wall.
本発明は、斜面下に設置する擁壁と、擁壁に立設する防護柵と、からなる防護施設であって、擁壁は、前面に傾斜面を有する基礎部と、前記基礎部の上部から後面の水平方向に沿って前記斜面方向に張り出した張出部と、を一体とした剛性構造であり、張出部の上面は、略水平面である。
また、本発明の他の形態では、防護柵は、基礎部の傾斜面に立設する。
また、本発明の他の形態では、擁壁は新設でもよいし、基礎部が既設擁壁でもよい。
The present invention is a protective facility including a retaining wall installed under a slope and a protective fence erected on the retaining wall. The retaining wall has a foundation portion having an inclined surface on the front surface and an upper portion of the foundation portion. a projecting portion that projects in front Symbol slope direction along the horizontal direction of the rear surface from a rigid structure with an integral the upper surface of the projecting portion is substantially horizontal.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the guard fence is erected on the inclined surface of the foundation portion.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the retaining wall may be newly installed or the foundation may be an existing retaining wall.
Claims (4)
前記擁壁は、前面に傾斜面を有する基礎部と、前記基礎部の上部から前記斜面方向に張り出した張出部と、を一体とした剛性構造であり、
前記張出部の上面は、略水平面であることを特徴とする、
防護施設。 It is a protective facility consisting of a retaining wall installed under the slope and a guard fence erected on the retaining wall.
The retaining wall has a rigid structure in which a foundation portion having an inclined surface on the front surface and an overhanging portion protruding from the upper portion of the foundation portion in the direction of the inclined surface are integrated.
The upper surface of the overhanging portion is characterized by having a substantially horizontal plane.
Protective facility.
請求項１に記載の防護施設。 The guard fence is characterized in that it is erected on the valley side of the upper surface of the foundation portion.
The protective facility according to claim 1.
請求項１又は２に記載の防護施設。 The retaining wall is new.
The protective facility according to claim 1 or 2.
請求項１又は２に記載の防護施設。 The foundation is an existing retaining wall.
The protective facility according to claim 1 or 2.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP7509481B1 (en) | 2024-01-11 | 2024-07-02 | 株式会社プロテックエンジニアリング | Retaining wall protection fence and construction method thereof |
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| JP7509481B1 (en) | 2024-01-11 | 2024-07-02 | 株式会社プロテックエンジニアリング | Retaining wall protection fence and construction method thereof |
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