JP2021181293A - Electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an electric vehicle capable of precisely reflecting the intention and taste of a driver according to a running state by combining control of each wheel and inclination control of a vehicle body or control of a steering wheel.SOLUTION: An electric vehicle includes: a seating part for a driver to be seated; one front wheel arranged on the front of the seating part and having a steering function; two rear wheels arranged on the rear of the seating part; drive means for rotating at least either drive wheel of the front wheel or the rear wheel; and a control section for controlling the rotational speed and/or torque of the drive wheel by the drive means. The seating part is installed at a lower position than a diameter of the rear wheel and can control, from the ground, a steering angle of the front wheel according to the inclination of the seating part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to an electric vehicle that obtains propulsive force by rotating a motor.

In recent years, electric vehicles have become widespread due to the growing need for environmental measures. Further, various forms of electric vehicles have been proposed by improving the degree of freedom in design by not using an internal combustion engine. (See, for example, Cited Documents 1-3)

Utility Model Registration No. 3161882 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-0688808 Utility Model Registration No. 3095111

As electric vehicles, electric vehicles for the purpose of moving, carrying luggage, etc. are known, but on the other hand, while the number of users who enjoy driving a vehicle as if it were a sport is increasing, it is not always an electric vehicle. The structure was not such that the driver's intentions and tastes could be fully reflected in the driving condition of the vehicle. An object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle capable of accurately reflecting the driver's intention and preference in a driving state by combining the control of each wheel with the tilt control of the vehicle body or the control of the steering wheel. Is.

The present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems includes a seating portion on which the driver sits and a seating portion.
One front wheel located in front of the seat and having a steering function,
Two rear wheels placed behind the seat,
A driving means for rotating at least one of the front wheels or the rear wheels, and a driving means.
A control unit that controls the rotation speed and / or torque of the drive wheels by the drive means,
Equipped with
The seating portion is provided at a position lower than the ground and the diameter of the rear wheel.
It is an electric vehicle capable of controlling the steering angle of the front wheels by tilting the seating portion.

According to the present invention, since the seating portion is provided at a position lower than the diameter of the rear wheel, the center of gravity of the electric vehicle during traveling can be sufficiently lowered. Therefore, it is possible to improve the posture stability during traveling and suppress the occurrence of accidents such as falls. Further, the posture of the driver makes it easier to control the traveling direction of the electric vehicle, and the intention and preference of the driver can be more accurately reflected in the driving state of the electric vehicle.

Further, in the present invention, the main frame that holds the one front wheel so that it can rotate and steer and extends rearward.
Further comprising a subframe that rotatably holds the two rear wheels and couples to the mainframe behind the mainframe.
The steering angle of the front wheels may be controlled by tilting the main frame according to the tilt of the seating portion.

In this case, the tilt angle of the front wheels as seen from the front-rear direction is determined by the tilt angle of the main frame. Then, when the driver tilts the seating portion, the main frame is tilted, and accordingly, the front wheels are tilted, and as a result, the steering angle is controlled.

Here, the main frame and the subframe may be fixed to each other. In this case, when the seating portion is tilted, the main frame is tilted based on the deformation of the main frame or the subframe itself.

Alternatively, the main frame and the subframe may be coupled via an elastic member and / or a cushioning member. In this case, when the seating portion is tilted, the coupling state of the main frame and the subframe changes, and the main frame is tilted based on this change.

Further, in the present invention, the front wheel urging means for urging the front wheels may be further provided so as to return the steering angle of the front wheels to the neutral state. According to this, if there is no intentional change of the steering angle by the driver or change of the inclination angle of the seating part by the driver, it is possible to more reliably return the front wheels to a state suitable for going straight. Become. As a result, when the change in the traveling direction is completed, it becomes possible to return to the straight-ahead state more reliably. In addition, it is possible to improve the stability during traveling in a straight-ahead state.

Further, in the present invention, the drive wheels are two rear wheels, and the control unit may be able to independently control the rotation speed and / or torque of the two rear wheels. This also makes it possible to more accurately reflect the driver's intentions and preferences in the driving state of the electric vehicle.

Further, in the present invention, the control unit inputs the rotation speed and / or torque of the two rear wheels from two adjusting devices arranged on the left and right sides of the driver and operated by the driver. It may be provided to control independently based on the signal. According to this, it is possible to independently control the rotation speed and torque of the two rear wheels by the work of both hands of the driver, and it is possible to finely adjust the driving state of the electric vehicle.

Further, in the present invention, the drive wheels may be further front wheels, and the control unit may be able to independently control the rotation speed and / or torque of the front wheels. That is, by making it possible to independently control two rear wheels and one front wheel, it is possible to finely adjust the operating state of the electric vehicle. In the present invention, the purpose of making it possible to independently control two rear wheels and one front wheel is not only to improve running stability. One of the purposes is to independently reflect the driver's will and taste in the rotation speed and torque of the two rear wheels and one front wheel, so that the driving itself can be enjoyed more like a sport.

Further, in the present invention, the control unit may control the rotation speed and / or torque of the front wheel based on an input signal from the second adjusting device that can be operated by the driver's foot. .. According to this, by making full use of the driver's hands and feet, the rotation speed and torque of the two rear wheels and one front wheel can be controlled independently, so that the driver can enjoy driving and train the driver's motor function. It is possible to do.

Further, in the present invention, the seating portion may be provided at a height equal to or less than the height of the rotation shaft of the rear wheel from the ground. According to this, the stability of the running electric vehicle can be further improved.

Further, in the present invention, the seating portion may be provided behind 1/2 of the distance between the front wheel and the rear wheel. According to this, the center of gravity can be arranged behind the electric vehicle, and it becomes possible to increase the variation of the driving state, such as making it easier to intentionally apply a spin while the electric vehicle is running.

Further, the present invention
The seating area where the driver sits and
One front wheel located in front of the seat and having a steering function,
Two rear wheels placed behind the seat,
A driving means for rotating the driving wheels including the two rear wheels,
A control unit that controls the rotation speed and / or torque of the drive wheels by the drive means,
Equipped with
The control unit
Of the two rear wheels, the rotation speed and / or torque of the right rear wheel can be controlled based on an input signal from a right adjusting device arranged on the right side of the driver and operated by the driver's right hand. And
Of the two rear wheels, the rotation speed and / or torque of the left rear wheel can be controlled based on an input signal from a left adjuster arranged on the left side of the driver and operated by the driver's left hand. It may be an electric vehicle characterized by being.

In that case,
The right adjusting device further includes a right braking device for braking the right rear wheel.
The left adjusting device may further include a right braking device that brakes the left rear wheel.

In that case,
The drive wheels further include front wheels, and the control unit can control the rotation speed and / or torque of the front wheels based on an input signal from a second adjusting device that can be operated by the driver's foot. May be.

The means for solving the above problems can be used in combination as much as possible.

According to the present invention, by combining the control of the rotation speed and / or torque of each wheel with the tilt control of the vehicle body or the control of the steering wheel, the intention and preference of the driver can be more accurately reflected in the driving state. It will be possible.

It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of the electric vehicle in Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the frame structure of the electric vehicle in Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of the electric vehicle in Example 2. It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of the electric vehicle in Example 3. FIG. It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of the electric vehicle in Example 4.

Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, it goes without saying that the examples described below are merely examples of the present invention, and improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

<Example 1>
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration of an electric vehicle 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 1 (a) shows a side view, and FIG. 1 (b) shows a top view. Hereinafter, the left side in FIG. 1 is referred to as the front, and the right side is referred to as the rear. The back side of the paper is on the right side, and the front side of the paper is on the left side. This also applies to FIGS. 2 and later. The electric vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment is a three-wheeled vehicle including one front wheel 2 and two rear wheels 3. The front wheel 2 is rotatably supported by two front forks 4a. The two front forks 4a are connected in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the front wheel 2, penetrate the cylindrical head tube 4b, and are connected to the handlebar 5. The head tube 4b is fixed to the main frame 4. The main frame 4 extends from the front to the rear of the electric vehicle 1 and supports each configuration of the electric vehicle 1 against the weight of the driver and the weight during traveling. Behind the main frame 4, a subframe 4c that extends in the left-right direction in a plan view is fixed.

As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the subframe 4c may have a structure in which a reinforcing tube is passed in the left-right direction to a frame having a substantially rectangular plan view, but the shape and structure thereof are particularly particular. Not limited. It may have a polygonal frame such as a pentagon having an apex angle in the front, and may be fixed to the main frame 4 at the apex angle. Further, all or part of the plate structure may be provided, or the outer periphery thereof may not have a frame. The function of the subframe 4c is to rotatably support the two rear wheels 3 and to hold a member such as a battery 9, which will be described later. Further, it may have a function of holding a part or all of the seating portion 7, which will be described later.

In this embodiment, as the method of fixing the main frame 4 and the subframe 4c, various methods having sufficient strength and durability such as welding, screwing, and rib fixing can be selected. An in-wheel motor 8 is provided near the center of rotation of the two rear wheels 3. The in-wheel motor 8 is a motor that rotates the rotor 8b with respect to the hub shaft 8a as the central axis, and the hub shaft 8a and the subframe inner frame 4d arranged inside the rear wheel 3 in the left-right direction. , It is fixed to the subframe outer frame 4e arranged on the outer side in the left-right direction of the rear wheel 3, and the rotor 8b is fixed to the wheel of the rear wheel 3.

Further, the two rear wheels 3 in the present embodiment are provided so as to be inclined in a V shape when viewed from the front-rear direction, and the stability at high speed running is improved. However, these two rear wheels 3 are provided. It may be provided parallel to each other in the vertical direction when viewed from the front-rear direction. Further, a seating portion 7 on which the driver sits is provided at a substantially central portion of the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3 in the front-rear direction. The seating portion 7 is fixed to either or both of the main frame 4 and the subframe 4c. Although not shown, the seating portion 7 may be provided with a protective cover, a protective frame, a safety belt, or the like to prevent the driver from falling off from the seating portion 7 while driving (hereinafter,). The same applies to the examples of).

In this embodiment, a bar 6 on which the driver's foot is placed is provided in front of the seating portion 7 of the main frame 4 so as to project to the left and right. Further, the handlebar 5 is coupled to the main frame 4 by a spring 10 as a front wheel urging means, and is configured to be urged by the spring 10 from both the left and right sides to the rear side. As a result, the handlebar 5 is configured to maintain a neutral position (straight-ahead position) unless it is intentionally rotated by the driver.

Further, a control unit 11 is installed on the main frame 4 on the front side of the seating unit 7. In addition to the power supply SW, angle information of the throttles 5a and 5b provided on the handlebar 5 is input to the control unit 11, and an output command signal corresponding to this angle information is transmitted to the in-wheel motor 8. The throttles 5a and 5b correspond to the adjusting device in this embodiment. In particular, the throttle 5a corresponds to the right adjusting device, and the throttle 5b corresponds to the left adjusting device. The in-wheel motor 8 rotates the rear wheels 3 at a rotation speed and torque according to a command signal from the control unit 11 while receiving electric power from the battery 9 mounted on the subframe 4c.

In this embodiment, the rotation speed and torque of the in-wheel motor 8 in the right rear wheel 3a are controlled by the angle of the right throttle 5a, and the in-wheel in the left rear wheel 3b is controlled by the angle of the left throttle 5a. The rotation speed and torque of the motor 8 are controlled. Further, the handlebar 5 is provided with brake bars 5c and 5d. The brake bars 5c and 5d are brakes for braking the right rear wheel 3a and the left rear wheel 3b, respectively. The brake bar 5c corresponds to a right braking device, and the brake bar 5d corresponds to a left braking device. Since a known technique is used for the mechanism of this brake, the description here is omitted. As described above, in the present embodiment, the driver can control the rotation speed, torque and braking of the right rear wheel 3a with the right hand and control the rotation speed, torque and braking of the left rear wheel 3b with the left hand. It is possible to finely adjust the driving condition with both hands.

Here, in this embodiment, the seating portion 7 is arranged so as to be at a height lower than the diameters of the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3 from the ground. More specifically, it is arranged so as to be near the center of rotation of the front wheel 2 having a smaller diameter and lower than the center of rotation of the rear wheel 3 having a larger diameter. According to this, the center of gravity of the whole when the driver gets on the vehicle can be sufficiently lowered, and the posture stability at the time of high-speed driving can be ensured.

Note that FIG. 2 shows a top view of the electric vehicle 1 in the present embodiment with a particular selection of the arrangement of parts around the frame. In the present embodiment, in the frame structure of the electric vehicle 1, a main frame 4 extending linearly in the front-rear direction is arranged on the front side, and a subframe 4c whose shape is developed in a plane is arranged on the rear side. The structure is such that these are fixed to each other. Therefore, the main frame 4 and the subframe 4c can be easily tilted by deforming the main frame 4 and the subframe 4c by shifting the weight in the left-right direction while the driver is seated on the seating portion 7.

In this case, the main frame 4 and the subframe 4c are deformed by twisting and bending. In particular, since the main frame 4 is configured to extend linearly in the front-rear direction, deformation due to twisting is likely to occur. Therefore, the front wheels 2 can be tilted more easily, and the steering angle of the front wheels 2 can be generated and the traveling direction of the vehicle body can be changed by the same effect as the lean-in posture. As a result, according to this embodiment, the operation of the handlebar 5, the rear wheels 3a, 3
By independently controlling the rotation and braking of b and shifting the weight of the driver, it is possible to more directly reflect the driver's intentions and preferences in the driving state of the electric vehicle 1, and to enhance the hobby of the driving itself. Is possible.

The in-wheel motor 8 in this embodiment has a built-in position sensor (not shown) such as a Hall element for controlling the rotation speed. By taking out the output signal of this position sensor as a pulse signal and modulating it, it is possible to generate a bals signal having a frequency corresponding to the rotation speed of the in-wheel motor 8. In this case, the frequency does not necessarily have to be 0 when the rotation speed is 0, and the frequency can be set to H0 when the rotation speed is 0, and the frequency can be set to increase as the rotation speed increases. By generating a background sound (pseudo-engine sound) using such a pulse signal, it is possible to improve safety and preference for the surroundings.

<Example 2>
Next, Example 2 of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, an example in which the frame structure is made more flexible so that the weight shift of the driver can be easily reflected in the driving state will be described. FIG. 3 shows the electric vehicle 21 according to the second embodiment. FIG. 3A is a side view, and FIG. 3B is a top view. In FIG. 3B, the seating portion 7 is omitted for the sake of simplicity. In the electric vehicle 21, the main frame 24 and the subframe 24c are separated from each other. Then, the main frame 24 and the subframe 24c are coupled by a spring 30 which is an elastic member and a damper 32 which is a cushioning member. As a result, the rigidity or dynamic characteristics of the frame structure in the rolling direction can be adjusted by appropriately selecting the characteristics of the spring 30 and the damper 32. Further, depending on the running conditions of the electric vehicle 21, the spring 30 and the damper 3
By changing 2, it is possible to optimize the rigidity or dynamic characteristics of the frame structure in the rolling direction.

In this embodiment, in addition to the throttles 5a and 5b provided on the handlebar 5, the second throttles 25a and 25b as the adjusting device in the present embodiment provided on the subframe 24c are provided. Further, a control unit 29 is installed in the subframe 24c under the seating unit 7 (not shown in FIG. 3B). In addition to the power supply SW, angle information of the throttles 25a and 25b is input to the control unit 29, and an output command signal corresponding to the angle information is transmitted to the in-wheel motor 8. The in-wheel motor 8 rotates the rear wheels 3a and 3b at a rotation speed and torque according to a command signal from the control unit 29 while receiving electric power from the battery 9 mounted on the subframe 24c. Also in this embodiment, the rotation speed and torque of the in-wheel motor 8 in the right rear wheel 3a are controlled by the angle of the right throttle 25a as the right adjusting device, and the angle of the left throttle 25a as the left adjusting device. Then, the rotation speed and torque of the in-wheel motor 8 in the rear wheel 3b on the left side are controlled.

Further, a brake bar 25c as a right braking device is provided in the vicinity of the throttle 25a in the subframe 24c, and a brake bar 25d as a left braking device is provided in the vicinity of the throttle 25b. The brake bars 25c and 25d are brakes for braking the rear wheels 3a on the right side and the rear wheels 3b on the left side, respectively. In this embodiment, the main frame 24 and the subframe 24c move relatively, but the throttles 25a and 25b, the brake bars 25c and 25d, the control unit 29, and the battery 9 are arranged in the subframe 24c. Therefore, even if the main frame 24 and the subframe 24c repeatedly move relative to each other, reliability and durability can be ensured.

In the above description of the present embodiment, only the point that the relative movement of the main frame 24 and the subframe 24c is regulated by the spring 30 and the damper 32 has been described, but the relative positions of the main frame 24 and the subframe 24c have been described. May be further regulated by other means. For example, the main frame 24 and the subframe 24c may be rotatably coupled to each other at any position. Alternatively, the main frame 24 and the subframe 24c may be slidably coupled to each other at any position.

Further, the positional relationship between the main frame 24 and the subframe 24c may be changed by, for example, an electric displacement device. This electric displacement device can be realized by, for example, a ball screw mechanism of a motor. By making it possible to change the positional relationship between the main frame 24 and the subframe 24c in this way, the urging force of the spring 30 can be adjusted, and the main frame 24 and the front wheel 2 are tilted by tilting the seating portion 7. It is possible to adjust the ease of use.

<Example 3>
Next, Example 3 of the present invention will be described. The most different point of the electric vehicle 31 in the present embodiment from the electric vehicle 1 described in the first embodiment is that the in-wheel motor 8 is also equipped on the front wheel 2. The control of the in-wheel motors 8 of the two rear wheels 3 is performed by the angle information of the throttles 35a and 35b provided on the handlebar 35 as in the first embodiment. On the other hand, the in-wheel motor 8 provided on the front wheel 2 is controlled by the amount of depression of the bar 36 on the right side.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration of the electric vehicle 31 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4A shows a side view, and FIG. 4B shows a top view. In the electric vehicle 31 according to the present embodiment, the front wheel 2 is also provided with the in-wheel motor 8 as described above. The hub shaft 8a of the in-wheel motor 8 of the front wheel 2 is fixed to the two front forks 34a. The rotor 8b is fixed to the front wheel 2, and the rotor 8b rotates with respect to the hub shaft 8a to rotate the front wheel 2. The two front forks 34a are connected near the outer periphery of the front wheel 2, penetrate the head tube 34b, and are connected to the handlebar 35. The head tube 34b is fixed to the main frame 34. Behind the main frame 34, a subframe 34c that extends in the left-right direction in a plan view is fixed.

In the electric vehicle 31, an in-wheel motor 8 is also provided near the rotation axes of the two rear wheels 3. The hub shaft 8a is fixed to the subframe inner frame 34d arranged inside the rear wheel 3 in the left-right direction and the subframe outer frame 34e arranged outside the rear wheel 3 in the left-right direction in a plan view, and the rotor 8b is fixed. It is fixed to the rear wheel 3.

Further, in the front-rear direction, a seating portion 37 on which the driver is seated is provided in front of the rotation shaft of the rear wheel 3. The seat 37 is fixed to either or both of the main frame 34 and the subframe 34c. In this embodiment, a bar 36 on which the driver's foot is placed is provided in front of the seating portion 7 of the main frame 4 so as to project to the left and right.

Further, the handlebar 35 is connected to the main frame 34 by a spring 40a and a damper 40b via an auxiliary frame 38 fixed to the main frame 34, and maintains a neutral position unless it is intentionally rotated by the driver. It is configured to do. By adding the damper 40b, it is possible to make the posture of the handlebar 35 more stable. It goes without saying that the handlebar 35 may be directly connected to the main frame 34 by the spring 40a and the damper 40b without the intervention of the auxiliary frame 38. Further, the handlebar 35 may be connected to the main frame 34 only by the spring 40a or only by the damper 40b.

Further, a control unit 39 is installed on the main frame 34 on the front side of the seating unit 7. In addition to the power supply SW, angle information of the throttles 35a and 35b as adjustment devices provided on the handlebar 35 is input to the control unit 39, and output command signals corresponding to the angle information are transmitted to the rear wheels 3a and 3b. It is transmitted to the in-wheel motor 8 respectively. Also in this embodiment, the rotation speed and torque of the in-wheel motor 8 in the right rear wheel 3a are controlled by the angle of the right throttle 35a, and the in-wheel in the left rear wheel 3b is controlled by the angle of the left throttle 35a. The rotation speed and torque of the wheel motor 8 are controlled. Further, the handlebar 35 is provided with brake bars 35c and 35d. The brake bars 35c and 35d are brakes for braking the rear wheels 3a on the right side and the rear wheels 3b on the left side, respectively.

Further, in this embodiment, the bar 36 on the right side is a second adjusting device that can be stepped on by the driver, and the stepping amount of the bar 36 on the right side is input to the control unit 39 and is based on the information of the stepping amount. Therefore, the rotation speed and torque of the in-wheel motor 8 of the front wheel 2 are controlled.

Further, also in this embodiment, the seating portion 37 is arranged so as to be at a height lower than the diameters of the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3 from the ground. More specifically, it is arranged so as to be at the same height as the rotation center of the rear wheel 3. This also makes it possible to sufficiently lower the overall center of gravity when the driver gets on board, and to ensure posture stability during high-speed driving.

Also in this embodiment, in the frame structure of the electric vehicle 41, a main frame 34 extending linearly in the front-rear direction is arranged on the front side, and a subframe 34c whose shape is developed in a plane is provided on the rear side. The structure is such that they are arranged and fixed to each other. Therefore, the main frame 34 and the subframe 34c can be easily tilted by deforming the main frame 34 and the subframe 34c by shifting the weight in the left-right direction while the driver is seated on the seating portion 37. Therefore, the front wheel 2 can be tilted more easily, the steering angle can be generated by the same effect as the lean-in posture, and the traveling direction of the vehicle body can be changed. As a result, according to the present embodiment, the operation of the handlebar 35, the rotation speed and torque of the front wheels 2, the rear wheels 3a and 3b, and the independent control of braking are performed.
By shifting the weight of the driver, it is possible to more directly reflect the driver's intentions and preferences in the driving state of the electric vehicle 31. In addition, it is possible to enhance the hobby of driving itself.

In this embodiment, the rotation speed and torque of the in-wheel motor 8 in the rear wheel 3a on the right side are controlled by the angle of the throttle 35a on the right side, and the in-wheel in the rear wheel 3b on the left side is controlled by the angle of the throttle 35a on the left side. The rotation speed and torque of the motor 8 are controlled, and the rotation speed and torque of the in-wheel motor 8 of the front wheel 2 are controlled by the amount of depression of the bar 36 on the right side. However, it is natural that which wheel rotation speed and torque are controlled by the throttles 35a and 35b and the bar 36 (either left or right) can be appropriately changed.

<Example 4>
Next, Example 4 of the present invention will be described. The difference between the electric vehicle 41 in this embodiment and the electric vehicle 31 described in the third embodiment is that in the electric vehicle 41, the in-wheel motor 8 is mounted on the front wheels 2, while the two rear wheels 3 are equipped with the in-wheel motor 8. The point is that the in-wheel motor 8 is not equipped. That is, the driving wheels of the electric vehicle 41 are only the front wheels 2, and the two rear wheels 3 only drive and rotate with the movement of the electric vehicle 41.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration of the electric vehicle 41 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. 5 (a) shows a side view, and FIG. 5 (b) shows a top view. In the electric vehicle 41 according to the present embodiment, the front wheel 2 is provided with the in-wheel motor 8 as described above. In the electric vehicle 41, the in-wheel motor 8 is not provided at the center of the two rear wheels 3. Further, in the present embodiment, a bar 46 on which the driver's foot is placed is provided so as to project to the left and right in front of the seating portion 37 of the main frame 34. In this embodiment, the bar 46 merely has a function of placing the driver's foot, and does not have a function of controlling the rotation speed and torque of the in-wheel motor 8.

Further, a control unit 49 is installed on the main frame 34 on the front side of the seating unit 37. In addition to the power supply SW, angle information of the throttle 45a, which is an adjustment device provided on the handlebar 45, is input to the control unit 49, and an output command signal corresponding to this angle information is sent to the in-wheel motor 8 of the front wheel 2. Send. Further, the handlebar 45 is provided with brake bars 45c and 45d. The brake bars 45c and 45d are brakes for braking the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3 on both sides, respectively.

Further, also in this embodiment, the seating portion 37 is arranged so as to be at a height lower than the diameters of the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3 from the ground. More specifically, it is arranged so as to be at the same height as the rotation center of the rear wheel 3. This also makes it possible to sufficiently lower the overall center of gravity when the driver gets on board, and to ensure posture stability during high-speed driving.

Also in this embodiment, in the frame structure of the electric vehicle 41, a main frame 34 extending linearly in the front-rear direction is arranged on the front side, and a subframe 34c whose shape is developed in a plane is provided on the rear side. It has a structure in which they are arranged and fixed. Therefore, the main frame 34 and the subframe 34c can be easily tilted by deforming the main frame 34 and the subframe 34c by shifting the weight in the left-right direction while the driver is seated on the seating portion 37. Therefore, the front wheel 2 can be tilted in the left-right direction more easily, and the steering angle can be generated in the front wheel 2 and the traveling direction of the vehicle body can be changed by the same effect as the lean-in posture.

Further, in the electric vehicle 41, the driving wheels are only the front wheels 2. Therefore, depending on the control of the rotation speed of the front wheel 2, the front wheel 2 tends to run idle. By appropriately controlling the number of rotations of the front wheels 2, the driver can drive the electric vehicle 41 so as not to idle or intentionally idle, and drive with a sense of sports. Can be done. Further, also in this embodiment, since the seating portion 37 is arranged in front of the rotation axis of the rear wheels 3a and 3b, that is, behind the center in the front-rear direction of the electric vehicle 41, the electric vehicle 41 is intended in the curve. It can be easily spun. This also makes it possible to drive with a sense of sports more easily.

As a result, also in this embodiment, the driver's intention and preference can be more directly expressed by the operation of the handlebar 45, the control of the rotation speed and torque of the front wheel 2 and the braking, and the weight shift of the driver. It is possible to reflect it in the operating state of 41. In addition, it is possible to enhance the hobby of driving itself.

In this embodiment, as described above, the seating portion 37 is arranged in front of the rear wheels 3a and 3b, that is, behind the center of the electric vehicle 41 in the front-rear direction. The battery 9 is attached to the subframe 34c so as to be located below the seat 37. As described above, in this embodiment, the battery 9 can be arranged by effectively utilizing the space below the seating portion 37 arranged at a relatively high position. Further, by doing so, the center of gravity of the electric vehicle 41 can be arranged further rearward, and further, the electric vehicle 41 can be easily intentionally spun on a curve.

In the above-mentioned Examples 1 to 4, the battery 9 is basically arranged on the upper side or the lower side of the subframe, but the position of the battery 9 can be changed according to the purpose. be. For example, it may be arranged near the center of the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3a and 3b in the front-rear direction. By doing so, it is possible to concentrate the center of gravity of the vehicle near the center and improve the running stability.

1, 21, 31, 41 ... Electric vehicle 2 ... Front wheels 3a, 3b ... Rear wheels 4, 34 ... Main frame 4c, 34c ... Subframe 5, 35, 45 ... Handle Bars 6, 36, 46 ... Bars 7 ... Seating 8 ... In-wheel motors

Claims (14)

The seating area where the driver sits and
One front wheel located in front of the seat and having a steering function,
Two rear wheels placed behind the seat,
A driving means for rotating at least one of the front wheels or the rear wheels, and a driving means.
A control unit that controls the rotation speed and / or torque of the drive wheels by the drive means,
Equipped with
The seating portion is provided at a position lower than the ground and the diameter of the rear wheel.
An electric vehicle characterized in that the steering angle of the front wheels can be controlled by tilting the seating portion. A main frame that holds the one front wheel rotatable and steerable and extends rearward,
Further comprising a subframe that rotatably holds the two rear wheels and couples to the mainframe behind the mainframe.
The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the steering angle of the front wheels is controlled by tilting the main frame by tilting the seating portion. The electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the main frame and the sub frame are fixed to each other. The electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the main frame and the subframe are connected via an elastic member and / or a cushioning member. The electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a front wheel urging means for urging the front wheels so that the steering angle of the front wheels is returned to the neutral state. One of claims 1 to 5, wherein the drive wheels are two rear wheels, and the control unit can independently control the rotation speed and / or torque of the two rear wheels. The electric vehicle described in the section. The control unit independently controls the rotation speed and / or torque of the two rear wheels based on input signals from two adjusting devices arranged on the left and right sides of the driver and operated by the driver. The electric vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the electric vehicle is characterized by the above. The electric vehicle according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the drive wheels are further front wheels, and the control unit can independently control the rotation speed and / or torque of the front wheels. The eighth aspect of the invention, wherein the control unit controls the rotation speed and / or torque of the front wheels based on an input signal from the second adjusting device that can be operated by the driver's foot. Electric car. The electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the seating portion is provided at a height equal to or less than the height of the rotation shaft of the rear wheel from the ground. The electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the seating portion is provided behind 1/2 of the distance between the front wheels and the rear wheels. The seating area where the driver sits and
One front wheel located in front of the seat and having a steering function,
Two rear wheels placed behind the seat,
A driving means for rotating the driving wheels including the two rear wheels,
A control unit that controls the rotation speed and / or torque of the drive wheels by the drive means,
Equipped with
The control unit
Of the two rear wheels, the rotation speed and / or torque of the right rear wheel can be controlled based on an input signal from a right adjusting device arranged on the right side of the driver and operated by the driver's right hand. And
Of the two rear wheels, the rotation speed and / or torque of the left rear wheel can be controlled based on an input signal from a left adjuster arranged on the left side of the driver and operated by the driver's left hand. An electric vehicle characterized by being. The right adjusting device further includes a right braking device for braking the right rear wheel.
12. The electric vehicle according to claim 12, wherein the left adjusting device further includes a right braking device for braking the left rear wheel. The drive wheel further includes a front wheel, and the control unit can control the rotation speed and / or torque of the front wheel based on an input signal from a second adjusting device that can be operated by the driver's foot. 12. The electric vehicle according to claim 12 or 13.

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