JP2021163652A - Electric wire conductor, electric wire, electric wire for communication, shielded electric wire, electric wire with terminal and wire harness for automobile - Google Patents
Electric wire conductor, electric wire, electric wire for communication, shielded electric wire, electric wire with terminal and wire harness for automobile Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、電線導体、電線、通信用電線、シールド電線、端子付き電線及び自動車用ワイヤーハーネスに関する。 The present invention relates to electric wire conductors, electric wires, communication electric wires, shielded electric wires, electric wires with terminals, and wire harnesses for automobiles.
従来、自動車、電車、航空機等の車両の電気配線には、通常、銅又は銅合金製の撚線が用いられている。一方、近年の自動車の軽量化、車内スペースの拡大、信号線の増加に伴い、現行の電線の軽量化及びサイズダウンの要求が高く、電線の細径化が求められている。 Conventionally, stranded wires made of copper or a copper alloy are usually used for electrical wiring of vehicles such as automobiles, trains, and aircraft. On the other hand, with the recent reduction in the weight of automobiles, the expansion of the space inside the vehicle, and the increase in the number of signal lines, there is a high demand for weight reduction and size reduction of the current electric wire, and the diameter of the electric wire is required to be reduced.
電線の細径化の１つに、電線導体の細線化が挙げられる。しかしながら、通常、電線導体を細くするにつれて強度が低下する。電線導体の強度を補助するため、軽量で強度が高い繊維を電線導体のテンションメンバとして使用することが知られている。 One of the reductions in the diameter of the electric wire is the reduction in the diameter of the electric wire conductor. However, the strength usually decreases as the wire conductor becomes thinner. It is known that lightweight and high-strength fibers are used as tension members of electric wire conductors to assist the strength of electric wire conductors.
特許文献１には、アラミド繊維、カーボン繊維、ポリアミド繊維等からなる補強紐の外周に細線導線群を配列させた撚線が開示されている。特許文献２には、炭素繊維の周囲に複数本の軟銅素線を配している高張力電線が開示されている。特許文献３には、複数の導体素線とその間に配される繊維状の補強材とを組み合せた被覆電線が開示されている。
しかしながら、繊維をテンションメンバとして使用する場合、中心線が糸状であるため、テンションメンバに導体素線を長いピッチで巻いた場合、導体素線の隙間からほつれた繊維が流れ出て電線導体の外側にはみ出てしまうことがある。この状態で電線導体の外周に絶縁体である樹脂を被覆して絶縁被覆層を形成すると、樹脂の押し出しの際、コブ、凹凸等の外観不良が生じてしまう。また、絶縁被覆層に穴が開き、絶縁性能の低下を招くおそれがある。 However, when the fiber is used as a tension member, the center line is filamentous, so when the conductor wire is wound around the tension member at a long pitch, the frayed fiber flows out from the gap between the conductor wires and goes out of the wire conductor. It may stick out. In this state, if the outer periphery of the electric wire conductor is coated with a resin as an insulator to form an insulating coating layer, appearance defects such as bumps and irregularities occur when the resin is extruded. In addition, holes may be formed in the insulating coating layer, which may lead to deterioration of the insulating performance.
電線導体を撚線として使用する場合、電線の中央に配置される繊維が軟らかいため、導体素線の撚りがほどけやすく、局所的に電線導体の外径が増大してしまうことがある。これにより、樹脂の押し出し後、絶縁被覆層の厚さの低下、電線導体の露出により、電線の絶縁性能が著しく低下してしまう。また、絶縁被覆層に繊維が混在すると絶縁被覆層のストリップ性の低下が生じ得る。さらに、電線導体の周囲に絶縁体の繊維が露出するため、例えば、端子に電線導体を圧着する際、圧着部において抵抗の増加、強度の低下を招く。 When an electric wire conductor is used as a stranded wire, the fibers arranged in the center of the electric wire are soft, so that the conductor strands are easily untwisted, and the outer diameter of the electric wire conductor may increase locally. As a result, after the resin is extruded, the insulation performance of the electric wire is significantly deteriorated due to the decrease in the thickness of the insulating coating layer and the exposure of the electric wire conductor. Further, when fibers are mixed in the insulating coating layer, the strip property of the insulating coating layer may be deteriorated. Further, since the fibers of the insulator are exposed around the electric wire conductor, for example, when the electric wire conductor is crimped to the terminal, the resistance is increased and the strength is lowered at the crimped portion.
本発明は、極細線であっても、電線製造時の外観特性が良好であり、且つ絶縁耐力性に優れた電線を製造可能な電線導体を提供することを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide an electric wire conductor capable of producing an electric wire having good appearance characteristics at the time of producing an electric wire and having excellent dielectric strength even if it is an ultrafine wire.
また、本発明の他の目的は、このような電線導体を備える電線、通信用電線、シールド電線、端子付き電線及び自動車用ワイヤーハーネスを提供することを目的とする。 Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric wire provided with such an electric wire conductor, a communication electric wire, a shielded electric wire, an electric wire with a terminal, and a wire harness for an automobile.
本発明の態様は、繊維状又は紐状の芯線を中心として、その外周に複数の導体素線が撚り合わされた電線導体であって、
前記電線導体の断面積が０．０３ｍｍ２以上０．１３ｍｍ２以下であり、
前記電線導体の外径Ｘが０．２４ｍｍ以上０．４５ｍｍ以下であり、
前記電線導体の撚りピッチＹが、前記電線導体の外径Ｘと前記導体素線の直径Ｄ（ｍｍ）について以下の関係式（Ｉ）及び（ＩＩ）を満たすことを特徴とする電線導体である。
（Ｄ×導体素線の数）ｍｍ≦Ｙ≦１５ｍｍ（但し、Ｘは０．２４ｍｍ以上０．３４以下である）・・・（Ｉ）
（Ｄ×導体素線の数）ｍｍ≦Ｙ≦４５．４５×Ｘ−０．４５ｍｍ（但し、Ｘは０．３４ｍｍより大きく、０．４５ｍｍ以下である）・・・（ＩＩ）
An aspect of the present invention is an electric wire conductor in which a plurality of conductor strands are twisted around a fibrous or string-shaped core wire.
Sectional area of the wire conductor is at 0.03 mm 2 or more 0.13 mm 2 or less,
The outer diameter X of the electric wire conductor is 0.24 mm or more and 0.45 mm or less.
The electric wire conductor is characterized in that the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor satisfies the following relational expressions (I) and (II) with respect to the outer diameter X of the electric wire conductor and the diameter D (mm) of the conductor wire. ..
(D × number of conductor strands) mm ≦ Y ≦ 15 mm (however, X is 0.24 mm or more and 0.34 or less) ... (I)
(D x number of conductor strands) mm ≤ Y ≤ 45.45 x X-0.45 mm (However, X is larger than 0.34 mm and 0.45 mm or less) ... (II)
本発明の態様は、前記電線導体の撚りピッチＹが１ｍｍ以上５ｍｍ以下である電線導体である。 An aspect of the present invention is an electric wire conductor in which the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor is 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less.
本発明の態様は、前記導体素線の本数が６以上２０以下である電線導体である。 An aspect of the present invention is an electric wire conductor in which the number of conductor strands is 6 or more and 20 or less.
本発明の態様は、前記電線導体が円形圧縮加工されている電線導体である。 An aspect of the present invention is an electric wire conductor in which the electric wire conductor is circularly compressed.
本発明の態様は、前記導体素線の材料が純銅である電線導体である。 An aspect of the present invention is an electric wire conductor in which the material of the conductor wire is pure copper.
本発明の態様は、前記導体素線の材料が銅合金である電線導体である。 An aspect of the present invention is an electric wire conductor in which the material of the conductor wire is a copper alloy.
本発明の態様は、前記導体素線の外周の一部又は全体にめっきが施されている電線導体である。 An aspect of the present invention is an electric wire conductor in which a part or the whole of the outer circumference of the conductor wire is plated.
本発明の態様は、前記芯線の材料が、ポリパラフェニレンベンゾビスオキサゾール繊維、液晶ポリエステル繊維及びアラミド繊維からなる群から選択される電線導体である。 In the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the core wire is an electric wire conductor selected from the group consisting of polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole fiber, liquid crystal polyester fiber and aramid fiber.
本発明の態様は、上記電線導体と、当該電線導体の外周に設けられた絶縁被覆層とを備える電線である。 An aspect of the present invention is an electric wire provided with the electric wire conductor and an insulating coating layer provided on the outer periphery of the electric wire conductor.
本発明の態様は、上記電線が複数撚り合わされた通信用電線である。 An aspect of the present invention is a communication electric wire in which a plurality of the above electric wires are twisted together.
本発明の態様は、上記電線又は通信用電線と、電磁遮断部とを備えるシールド電線である。 An aspect of the present invention is a shielded electric wire including the above-mentioned electric wire or communication electric wire and an electromagnetic cutoff portion.
本発明の態様は、上記電線、上記通信用電線又は上記シールド電線と、当該電線、通信用電線又はシールド電線の端部に接続されている端子とを備える端子付き電線である。 An aspect of the present invention is an electric wire with a terminal including the electric wire, the communication electric wire, or the shielded electric wire, and a terminal connected to the end of the electric wire, the communication electric wire, or the shielded electric wire.
本発明の態様は、上記電線、上記通信用電線又は上記シールド電線を備える自動車用ワイヤーハーネスである。 An aspect of the present invention is an automobile wire harness including the electric wire, the communication electric wire, or the shielded electric wire.
本発明の態様によれば、電線導体は、繊維状又は紐状の芯線を中心として、その外周に複数の導体素線が撚り合わされている。また、電線導体の断面積が０．０３ｍｍ２以上０．１３ｍｍ２以下であり、電線導体の外径Ｘが０．２４ｍｍ以上０．４５ｍｍ以下である。さらに、電線導体の撚りピッチＹが、電線導体の外径Ｘと導体素線の直径Ｄ（ｍｍ）について、（Ｄ×導体素線の数）ｍｍ≦Ｙ≦１５ｍｍ（但し、Ｘは０．２４ｍｍ以上０．３４以下である）の関係式（Ｉ）を満たし、且つ、（Ｄ×導体素線の数）ｍｍ≦Ｙ≦４５．４５×Ｘ−０．４５ｍｍ（但し、Ｘは０．３４ｍｍより大きく、０．４５ｍｍ以下である）の関係式（ＩＩ）を満たす。これにより、極細線であっても、電線製造時の外観特性が良好であり、且つ絶縁耐力性に優れた電線を製造可能な電線導体を提供することができる。 According to the aspect of the present invention, the electric wire conductor is centered on a fibrous or string-shaped core wire, and a plurality of conductor strands are twisted around the core wire. Further, the cross-sectional area of the wire conductor is at 0.03 mm 2 or more 0.13 mm 2 or less, the outer diameter X of the wire conductor is less than 0.45mm or 0.24 mm. Further, the twist pitch Y of the wire conductor is (D × number of conductor wires) mm ≦ Y ≦ 15 mm (where X is 0.24 mm) with respect to the outer diameter X of the wire conductor and the diameter D (mm) of the conductor wires. The relational expression (I) of (more than 0.34 or less) is satisfied, and (D × number of conductor strands) mm ≦ Y ≦ 45.45 × X-0.45 mm (where X is from 0.34 mm). It satisfies the relational expression (II) of (largely 0.45 mm or less). As a result, it is possible to provide an electric wire conductor capable of producing an electric wire having good appearance characteristics at the time of manufacturing the electric wire and having excellent dielectric strength even if it is an ultrafine wire.
以下に、本発明の実施形態である電線導体について説明する。なお、以下に示す実施形態は、本発明を具体的に説明するために用いた代表的な実施形態の例示に過ぎず、本発明の範囲において種々の実施形態をとり得る。 The electric wire conductor according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described below. It should be noted that the embodiments shown below are merely examples of typical embodiments used to specifically explain the present invention, and various embodiments can be taken within the scope of the present invention.
［電線導体］
＜電線導体の構成＞
本実施形態に係る電線導体は、芯線を中心として、その外周に複数の導体素線が撚り合わされて形成されている。図１は本発明の実施形態に係る電線導体の概要を説明する概略断面図の一例である。図１に示すように、本発明の実施形態に係る電線導体１は、電線導体１の中心に配置された芯線１０と、芯線１０の外周を取り囲むように配置された複数の導体素線２０と、を備える。電線導体１に適切な強度を付与するため、電線導体１は、芯線１０に複数の導体素線２０が撚り合わされて形成される。芯線１０の外周に複数の導体素線２０を撚り合わせて配置することで、導体素線２０が芯線１０を締め付けて電線導体１の空隙率が下がる。これにより、電線導体１の強度を高く維持することができ、電線導体１の断面積も小さくできる。
[Electric wire conductor]
<Structure of electric wire conductor>
The electric wire conductor according to the present embodiment is formed by twisting a plurality of conductor strands around the core wire around the core wire. FIG. 1 is an example of a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an outline of an electric wire conductor according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the
電線導体１の撚りの程度は、芯線１０及び導体素線２０の本数及び直径等に応じて、電線導体１の断面積、電線導体撚りピッチＹが所望の範囲内になるよう設計される。このような電線導体１は、自動車、電車、航空機等の車両に使用される通信用電線、シールド電線、端子付き電線等の様々な電線の導体として適用可能であり、例えば、自動車用ワイヤーハーネスに適用される場合、各電線は信号通信の役割を果たす。また、電線導体１の周方向を絶縁体である被覆樹脂で被覆することにより絶縁被覆層３０を備える電線を形成することができる。被覆樹脂の材料は、一般の被覆電線で使用される絶縁樹脂であればよく、用途に応じて適宜設計することができる。
The degree of twisting of the
＜極細線＞
極細線は、通電部の断面積が０．１３ｍｍ２以下である電線であり、現在、自動車等の車両内で使用される最小断面積クラスの電線導体で構成される。本実施形態に係る電線導体の断面積は０．０３ｍｍ２以上０．１３ｍｍ２以下である。これにより、芯線と複数の導体素線とを備える本実施形態に係る電線導体を極細線として使用することができる。また、芯線の直径は０．１０ｍｍ以上０．２０ｍｍ以下であることが好ましく、複数の導体素線の各々の直径は、０．０４ｍｍ以上０．２０ｍｍ以下であることが好ましい。これにより、芯線と複数の導体との電線導体を作製した場合に、電線導体の断面積を極細線として要求される範囲内に維持しやすくなる。また、複数の導体素線における各導体素線の直径は同じであっても異なっていてもよい。芯線を複数使用する場合も同様に、各芯線の直径は同じであっても異なっていてもよい。尚、芯線及び導体素線の数、圧縮工程前後の電線導体の断面積の変化等に応じて、また、導体抵抗と強度の要求に応じて、芯線及び導体素線の直径は上記の範囲内において適宜選択することができる。
<Extra-fine line>
The ultrafine wire is an electric wire having a cross-sectional area of 0.13 mm 2 or less of the energized portion, and is composed of a wire conductor having a minimum cross-sectional area currently used in a vehicle such as an automobile. Sectional area of the wire conductor according to this embodiment is 0.03 mm 2 or more 0.13 mm 2 or less. Thereby, the electric wire conductor according to the present embodiment including the core wire and the plurality of conductor strands can be used as the ultrafine wire. The diameter of the core wire is preferably 0.10 mm or more and 0.20 mm or less, and the diameter of each of the plurality of conductor strands is preferably 0.04 mm or more and 0.20 mm or less. As a result, when an electric wire conductor consisting of a core wire and a plurality of conductors is manufactured, it becomes easy to maintain the cross-sectional area of the electric wire conductor within a range required as an ultrafine wire. Further, the diameter of each conductor wire in the plurality of conductor wires may be the same or different. Similarly, when a plurality of core wires are used, the diameter of each core wire may be the same or different. The diameter of the core wire and the conductor wire is within the above range according to the number of core wires and conductor wires, the change in the cross-sectional area of the wire conductor before and after the compression process, and the demand for conductor resistance and strength. Can be appropriately selected in.
＜芯線＞
本実施形態に係る撚線に使用される芯線は、繊維状又は紐状の形状を有し、好ましくはこのような形状の複数の素線が束になって形成されている。芯線はテンションメンバとして使用されるため、一定の強度を有することが好ましい。芯線の強度は特に限定されるものではないが、電線導体に高い強度を付与させることができ、さらには電線導体を極細線として使用しても衝撃による断線を抑制しやすくする観点から、使用される芯線は、２０００ＭＰａ以上の引張強度を有することが好ましく、３０００ＭＰａ以上の引張強度を有することがより好ましい。尚、芯線の引張強度の上限値は特に限定されないが、製造上の取り扱いの観点から８０００ＭＰａ以下であることが好ましい。このように、芯線が高い引張強度を有することにより、電線導体に優れた耐衝撃性を付与しやすくなる。尚、芯線の導電率については、一定以上の導電率を有する導体素線の使用により電線導体全体に所望の導電率を付与することができれば、芯線は導電率を有していなくてもよい(０％ＩＡＣＳでもよい)。一方、芯線が僅かにでも導電率を有することにより、導体素線の本数の削減に伴う軽量化、サイズダウンに寄与することができる。
<Core wire>
The core wire used for the stranded wire according to the present embodiment has a fibrous or string-like shape, and preferably a plurality of strands having such a shape are formed in a bundle. Since the core wire is used as a tension member, it is preferable that the core wire has a certain strength. The strength of the core wire is not particularly limited, but it is used from the viewpoint that high strength can be imparted to the wire conductor, and even if the wire conductor is used as an ultrafine wire, it is easy to suppress disconnection due to impact. The core wire preferably has a tensile strength of 2000 MPa or more, and more preferably 3000 MPa or more. The upper limit of the tensile strength of the core wire is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 8000 MPa or less from the viewpoint of manufacturing handling. As described above, when the core wire has a high tensile strength, it becomes easy to impart excellent impact resistance to the electric wire conductor. Regarding the conductivity of the core wire, the core wire does not have to have conductivity as long as the desired conductivity can be imparted to the entire electric wire conductor by using a conductor wire having a certain conductivity or more (the core wire does not have to have conductivity). 0% IACS may be used). On the other hand, since the core wire has a slight conductivity, it is possible to contribute to weight reduction and size reduction due to the reduction in the number of conductor wires.
芯線の材料は、テンションメンバとして使用することができれば特に限定されるものではないが、上記のような高い引張強度を有する材料が好ましい。このような芯線の材料は、例えば、炭素繊維、ポリパラフェニレンベンゾビスオキサゾール（ＰＢＯ）繊維、液晶ポリエステル繊維、アラミド繊維、ポリアミド繊維及びポリアリレート繊維からなる群から選択され、ＰＢＯ繊維、液晶ポリエステル繊維及びアラミド繊維からなる群から選択されることが好ましく、特に、強度の観点から、４０００ＭＰａ以上の引張強度を有するＰＢＯ繊維がより好ましい。複数の芯線が使用される場合、このような芯線の材料は、同じであっても異なっていてもよい。また、炭素繊維は、様々なタイプの繊維を使用することができ、例えば、ＩＭタイプ、ＨＭタイプ、ＵＨＭタイプ等が挙げられる。さらに、芯線の導電性の改善及び電線導体としての製造の向上のために、芯線の表面に導電性を示す金属めっき、例えば、Ｃｕ、Ｎｉ、Ｓｎ、Ａｇ、Ａｕ等によるめっきが施されていてもよい。 The material of the core wire is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as a tension member, but a material having a high tensile strength as described above is preferable. The material of such a core wire is selected from the group consisting of, for example, carbon fiber, polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole (PBO) fiber, liquid crystal polyester fiber, aramid fiber, polyamide fiber and polyarylate fiber, and PBO fiber and liquid crystal polyester fiber. It is preferable to select from the group consisting of aramid fibers, and in particular, from the viewpoint of strength, PBO fibers having a tensile strength of 4000 MPa or more are more preferable. When a plurality of core wires are used, the materials of such core wires may be the same or different. Further, as the carbon fiber, various types of fibers can be used, and examples thereof include IM type, HM type, and UHM type. Further, in order to improve the conductivity of the core wire and the production as an electric wire conductor, the surface of the core wire is plated with a metal plating showing conductivity, for example, Cu, Ni, Sn, Ag, Au or the like. May be good.
芯線の本数は、１本以上であれば特に限定されるものではないが、１本であることが好ましい。これにより、電線導体の中心に芯線を配置しても、電線導体全体に適切な強度及び導電性をバランスよく付与しつつ、芯線を中心として、複数の導体素線を芯線の外周に容易に撚り合わせることができる。 The number of core wires is not particularly limited as long as it is one or more, but it is preferably one. As a result, even if the core wire is placed in the center of the wire conductor, a plurality of conductor strands can be easily twisted around the core wire while imparting appropriate strength and conductivity to the entire wire conductor in a well-balanced manner. Can be matched.
＜導体＞
本実施形態に係る電線導体に用いられる複数の導体素線において、各導体素線の材料は、電線導体全体に所定の導電性を付与し、芯線と共に撚線を形成することができれば特に限定されるものではない。このような導体素線の材料は、例えば、Ｃ１１００系のタフピッチ銅、無酸素銅、リン脱酸銅等の純銅、又は、Ｃｕ−Ｃｒ系合金、Ｃｕ−Ａｇ系合金、Ｃｕ−Ｓｎ系合金、Ｃｕ−Ｚｎ系合金、Ｃｕ−Ｚｒ系合金、Ｃｕ−Ｍｇ系合金及びＣｕ−Ｎｂ系合金、Ｃｕ−Ｍｇ−Ｚｎ系合金、Ｃｕ−Ｎｉ−Ｓｉ系合金等の銅合金が好ましい。各導体素線の材料は、同じであっても異なっていてもよい。また、同じ種類の銅合金を使用する場合、各銅合金に含まれる金属成分の含有量は互いに同じであっても異なっていてもよい。さらに、導体素線の導電性の改善及び電線導体としての製造の向上のために、導体素線の外周の一部又は全体に金属めっき、例えば、Ｃｕ、Ｎｉ、Ｓｎ、Ａｇ、Ａｕ等によるめっきが施されていてもよく、特にＳｎめっきが好ましい。
<Conductor>
In the plurality of conductor strands used for the electric wire conductor according to the present embodiment, the material of each conductor strand is particularly limited as long as it can impart a predetermined conductivity to the entire electric wire conductor and form a stranded wire together with the core wire. It's not something. The material of such a conductor wire is, for example, pure copper such as C1100 series tough pitch copper, oxygen-free copper, phosphor deoxidized copper, or Cu—Cr based alloy, Cu—Ag based alloy, Cu—Sn based alloy. Copper alloys such as Cu-Zn-based alloys, Cu-Zr-based alloys, Cu-Mg-based alloys and Cu-Nb-based alloys, Cu-Mg-Zn-based alloys, and Cu-Ni-Si-based alloys are preferable. The material of each conductor wire may be the same or different. Further, when the same type of copper alloy is used, the content of the metal component contained in each copper alloy may be the same or different from each other. Further, in order to improve the conductivity of the conductor wire and the production as an electric wire conductor, metal plating, for example, plating with Cu, Ni, Sn, Ag, Au, etc., is performed on a part or the whole of the outer periphery of the conductor wire. May be applied, and Sn plating is particularly preferable.
複数の導体素線において、導体素線の本数は、特に限定されるものではないが、６本以上２０本以下であることが好ましい。これにより、導体素線に適切な強度及び導電性をバランスよく付与しつつ、芯線を中心として、複数の導体素線を芯線の外周に容易に撚り合わせることができる。 The number of conductor strands in the plurality of conductor strands is not particularly limited, but is preferably 6 or more and 20 or less. As a result, it is possible to easily twist a plurality of conductor wires around the core wire around the core wire while imparting appropriate strength and conductivity to the conductor wires in a well-balanced manner.
複数の導体素線において、各導体素線の導電率は９８％ＩＡＣＳ以上であることが好ましく、１００％ＩＡＣＳ以上がより好ましい。各導体素線の導電率が９８％ＩＡＣＳ以上であることにより、電線導体全体に良好な導電性を付与させることができる。また、各導体素線がより高い導電率を有することにより、電線導体を極細線として使用した場合において、電線導体に良好な導電率を付与しつつ、電線導体の断面積をより小さくすることが可能となる。 Among the plurality of conductor strands, the conductivity of each conductor strand is preferably 98% IACS or more, and more preferably 100% IACS or more. When the conductivity of each conductor wire is 98% IACS or more, good conductivity can be imparted to the entire wire conductor. Further, since each conductor wire has a higher conductivity, when the wire conductor is used as an ultrafine wire, the cross-sectional area of the wire conductor can be made smaller while giving good conductivity to the wire conductor. It will be possible.
＜電線導体の外径と撚りピッチとの関係＞
本実施形態に係る電線導体において、電線導体の外径Ｘは、０．２４ｍｍ以上０．４５ｍｍ以下であり、電線導体の撚りピッチＹが、電線導体の外径Ｘと導体素線の直径Ｄ（ｍｍ）について以下の関係式（Ｉ）及び（ＩＩ）を満たす。具体的には、電線導体の外径Ｘが０．２４ｍｍ以上０．３４以下である場合、電線導体の撚りピッチＹは関係式（Ｉ）を満たし、電線導体の外径Ｘが０．３４ｍｍより大きく、０．４５ｍｍ以下である場合、電線導体の撚りピッチＹは関係式（ＩＩ）を満たす。尚、電線導体の外径Ｘは、芯線の周囲に複数の導体素線が撚り合わされた複合導体の最も外側の径（最外径）を意味する。また、このような複合導体の径方向の断面形状が真円からずれている場合、電線導体の外径Ｘは、電線導体（複合導体）の径の最大値（ｄｍａｘ）と最小値（ｄｍｉｎ）の平均値｛（ｄｍａｘ＋ｄｍｉｎ）／２｝として定義する。
（Ｄ×導体素線の数）ｍｍ≦Ｙ≦１５ｍｍ（但し、Ｘは０．２４ｍｍ以上０．３４以下である）・・・（Ｉ）
（Ｄ×導体素線の数）ｍｍ≦Ｙ≦４５．４５×Ｘ−０．４５ｍｍ（但し、Ｘは０．３４ｍｍより大きく、０．４５ｍｍ以下である）・・・（ＩＩ）
<Relationship between the outer diameter of the wire conductor and the twist pitch>
In the electric wire conductor according to the present embodiment, the outer diameter X of the electric wire conductor is 0.24 mm or more and 0.45 mm or less, and the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor is the outer diameter X of the electric wire conductor and the diameter D of the conductor wire ( mm) satisfies the following relational expressions (I) and (II). Specifically, when the outer diameter X of the electric wire conductor is 0.24 mm or more and 0.34 or less, the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor satisfies the relational expression (I), and the outer diameter X of the electric wire conductor is 0.34 mm or more. When it is large and 0.45 mm or less, the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor satisfies the relational expression (II). The outer diameter X of the electric wire conductor means the outermost diameter (outermost diameter) of the composite conductor in which a plurality of conductor strands are twisted around the core wire. Further, when the cross-sectional shape of the composite conductor in the radial direction deviates from the perfect circle, the outer diameter X of the electric wire conductor is the maximum value (d max ) and the minimum value (d) of the diameter of the electric wire conductor (composite conductor). It is defined as the average value of ( min) {(d max + d min ) / 2}.
(D × number of conductor strands) mm ≦ Y ≦ 15 mm (however, X is 0.24 mm or more and 0.34 or less) ... (I)
(D x number of conductor strands) mm ≤ Y ≤ 45.45 x X-0.45 mm (However, X is larger than 0.34 mm and 0.45 mm or less) ... (II)
電線導体の外径Ｘが０．２４ｍｍ以上０．４５ｍｍ以下の範囲内である電線導体において、電線導体の撚りピッチＹが上記関係式（Ｉ）及び（ＩＩ）を満たすことにより、電線導体の外径Ｘと導体素線の直径Ｄに応じて電線導体の撚りピッチＹが所望の範囲に制御され、導体素線同士が繊維状又は紐状の芯線にしっかりと接触し、繊維又は紐の流れ出しが防止される。これにより、絶縁被覆層を備える電線を製造する際に生じ得るコブ、凹凸等の外観不良が防止され、電線製造時の外観特性が良好な電線導体を得ることができる。また、導体素線が芯線に強固に巻きつくことで電線導体自体の構造も強固となり、撚り解け、電線導体の外径の局所的な増大等も抑制されるため、絶縁耐力性に優れた電線を製造可能な極細線の電線導体を製造することができる。さらに、このような電線導体により、電線の製造時において繊維状又は紐状の芯線の一部が絶縁被覆層に混在し、絶縁被覆層に芯線が貫通することが防止される。そのため、良好なストリップ性を示し、絶縁性能が担保された電線を製造することが可能となる。 In the electric wire conductor in which the outer diameter X of the electric wire conductor is within the range of 0.24 mm or more and 0.45 mm or less, the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor satisfies the above relational expressions (I) and (II), so that the outer side of the electric wire conductor is satisfied. The twist pitch Y of the wire conductor is controlled within a desired range according to the diameter X and the diameter D of the conductor strands, the conductor strands come into firm contact with the fibrous or string-shaped core wires, and the fibers or strings flow out. Be prevented. As a result, it is possible to prevent appearance defects such as bumps and irregularities that may occur when manufacturing an electric wire having an insulating coating layer, and to obtain an electric wire conductor having good appearance characteristics at the time of manufacturing the electric wire. In addition, since the conductor wire is tightly wound around the core wire, the structure of the wire conductor itself is strengthened, and untwisting and local increase in the outer diameter of the wire conductor are suppressed, so that the wire has excellent dielectric strength. It is possible to manufacture a wire conductor of an ultrafine wire that can be manufactured. Further, such an electric wire conductor prevents a part of the fibrous or string-shaped core wire from being mixed in the insulating coating layer at the time of manufacturing the electric wire, and the core wire is prevented from penetrating the insulating coating layer. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture an electric wire showing good stripping property and ensuring insulation performance.
図２は、本実施形態に係る電線導体において、電線導体の外径Ｘと撚りピッチＹとの関係を示す。図２には、０．２４ｍｍ以上０．４５ｍｍ以下の範囲の外径Ｘを有する極細線の電線導体について、所定の導体ピッチ及び素線径試験に基づく電線導体の電気的特性・機械的特性を示す指標が示されている。ここで、（Ｄ×導体素線の数）ｍｍ≦Ｙ≦１５ｍｍの関係式（Ｉ）は、０．２４ｍｍ以上０．３４ｍｍ以下の範囲の外径Ｘを有する電線導体において、良好な電気的特性・機械的特性を示す電線導体の撚りピッチＹの範囲を示し、図２における実線部分の領域内を表す。例えば、図２において、電線導体の外径Ｘが０．３０ｍｍである場合、電線導体の撚りピッチＹが０．８ｍｍ以上１５ｍｍ以下であれば、電気的特性・機械的特性が良好であり、自動車用電線として好ましい特性を示す電線導体が得られていることを意味する。そのため、電線導体の外径Ｘが０．２４ｍｍ以上０．３４以下である場合に、電線導体の撚りピッチＹが関係式（Ｉ）を満たすことにより、極細線であっても、絶縁被覆層を備える電線の製造時の外観特性が良好であり、さらには、絶縁耐力性に優れた電線を製造可能な電線導体を得ることができる。 FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the outer diameter X of the electric wire conductor and the twist pitch Y in the electric wire conductor according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 shows the electrical and mechanical characteristics of an ultrafine wire conductor having an outer diameter X in the range of 0.24 mm or more and 0.45 mm or less based on a predetermined conductor pitch and wire diameter test. The indicators are shown. Here, the relational expression (I) of (D × number of conductor strands) mm ≦ Y ≦ 15 mm shows good electrical characteristics in a wire conductor having an outer diameter X in the range of 0.24 mm or more and 0.34 mm or less. The range of the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor showing the mechanical characteristics is shown, and the inside of the solid line portion in FIG. 2 is shown. For example, in FIG. 2, when the outer diameter X of the electric wire conductor is 0.30 mm and the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor is 0.8 mm or more and 15 mm or less, the electrical characteristics and mechanical characteristics are good, and the automobile has good characteristics. This means that an electric wire conductor showing preferable characteristics as an electric wire is obtained. Therefore, when the outer diameter X of the electric wire conductor is 0.24 mm or more and 0.34 or less, the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor satisfies the relational expression (I), so that the insulating coating layer can be formed even if it is an ultrafine wire. It is possible to obtain an electric wire conductor capable of producing an electric wire having good appearance characteristics at the time of manufacturing the electric wire to be provided and further having excellent insulating strength.
また、（Ｄ×導体素線の数）ｍｍ≦Ｙ≦４５．４５×Ｘ−０．４５ｍｍの関係式（ＩＩ）は、０．３４ｍｍより大きく、０．４５ｍｍ以下の範囲の外径Ｘを有する電線導体において、良好な電線の電気特性・機械特性を示す電線導体の撚りピッチＹの範囲を示し、図２における破線部分の領域内を表す。例えば、図２において、電線導体の外径Ｘが０．４０ｍｍである場合、電線導体の撚りピッチＹが０．８ｍｍ以上１７．５ｍｍ以下であれば、電気的特性・機械的特性が良好であり、自動車用電線として好ましい特性を示す電線導体が得られていることを意味する。そのため、電線導体の外径Ｘが０．３４ｍｍより大きく、０．４５ｍｍ以下である場合に、電線導体の撚りピッチＹが関係式（ＩＩ）を満たすことにより、極細線であっても、絶縁被覆層を備える電線の製造時の外観特性が良好であり、さらには、絶縁耐力性に優れた電線を製造可能な電線導体を得ることができる。 Further, the relational expression (II) of (D × number of conductor strands) mm ≦ Y ≦ 45.45 × X −0.45 mm has an outer diameter X in a range larger than 0.34 mm and 0.45 mm or less. In the electric wire conductor, the range of the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor showing good electric characteristics and mechanical characteristics of the electric wire is shown, and the inside of the region of the broken line portion in FIG. 2 is shown. For example, in FIG. 2, when the outer diameter X of the electric wire conductor is 0.40 mm and the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor is 0.8 mm or more and 17.5 mm or less, the electrical characteristics and mechanical characteristics are good. This means that an electric wire conductor showing preferable characteristics as an electric wire for an automobile is obtained. Therefore, when the outer diameter X of the electric wire conductor is larger than 0.34 mm and 0.45 mm or less, the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor satisfies the relational expression (II), so that even if it is an ultrafine wire, it is covered with insulation. It is possible to obtain an electric wire conductor capable of producing an electric wire having good appearance characteristics at the time of manufacturing an electric wire having a layer and further having excellent insulating strength.
尚、関係式（Ｉ）及び（ＩＩ）において、電線導体の撚りピッチＹの下限値として示される（導体素線の直径Ｄ×導体素線の数）は、導体素線を芯線にコイル状に巻き付けた場合の状態に基づき算出される。また、良好な電気的特性とは、絶縁特性が判定基準を満たし、良好な機械的特性とは、外観・断面・ストリップの各特性が判定基準を満足することを意味する。図２において、「◎」は、個別評価の結果がすべて○であることを意味し、「〇」は、個別評価の結果が○と△の両方を含み、×が含まれないことを意味し、「×」は、個別評価の結果に、一つでも×を含むことを意味する。 In the relational expressions (I) and (II), the lower limit value of the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor (diameter D of the conductor wire x number of conductor wires) is coiled with the conductor wire as the core wire. It is calculated based on the state when it is wound. Further, good electrical characteristics mean that the insulation characteristics satisfy the judgment criteria, and good mechanical characteristics mean that the appearance, cross-section, and strip characteristics satisfy the judgment criteria. In FIG. 2, “◎” means that all the individual evaluation results are ○, and “○” means that the individual evaluation results include both ○ and △ and do not include ×. , "X" means that even one x is included in the result of individual evaluation.
電線導体の外径Ｘが０．２４ｍｍ以上０．３４以下である場合、電線導体の撚りピッチＹは、１ｍｍ以上５ｍｍ以下であることが好ましい。電線導体の撚りピッチＹが１ｍｍ以上５ｍｍ以下の範囲であることにより、絶縁被覆層を備える電線を製造する際に、より良好な外観特性を示す電線導体が得られる傾向にある。また、電線導体の撚りピッチＹが１ｍｍ以上５ｍｍ以下の範囲であることにより、電線導体を円形圧縮加工した場合に、ＪＡＳＯ Ｄ６１１：２０１４の附属書Ａの「図Ａ．１ テンションメンバ入り導体」に示された導体構造が、より真円に近い導体構造を示す。 When the outer diameter X of the electric wire conductor is 0.24 mm or more and 0.34 or less, the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor is preferably 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less. When the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor is in the range of 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less, there is a tendency to obtain an electric wire conductor exhibiting better appearance characteristics when manufacturing an electric wire provided with an insulating coating layer. Further, when the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor is in the range of 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less, when the electric wire conductor is circularly compressed, it becomes "Fig. A.1 Conductor with tension member" of Annex A of JASO D611: 2014. The conductor structure shown shows a conductor structure that is closer to a perfect circle.
電線導体の外径Ｘが０．３４ｍｍより大きく、０．４５ｍｍ以下であるである場合、電線導体の撚りピッチＹは、１０ｍｍ以上２０ｍｍ以下であることが好ましい。電線導体の撚りピッチＹが１０ｍｍ以上２０ｍｍ以下の範囲であることにより、電線導体を円形圧縮加工した場合に、ＪＡＳＯ Ｄ６１１：２０１４の附属書Ａの「図Ａ．１ テンションメンバ入り導体」に示された導体構造が、より真円に近い導体構造を示す。 When the outer diameter X of the electric wire conductor is larger than 0.34 mm and 0.45 mm or less, the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor is preferably 10 mm or more and 20 mm or less. When the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor is in the range of 10 mm or more and 20 mm or less, when the electric wire conductor is circularly compressed, it is shown in "Fig. A. 1 Conductor with tension member" of Annex A of JASO D611: 2014. The conductor structure shows a conductor structure closer to a perfect circle.
＜電線導体の円形圧縮加工＞
本実施形態に係る電線導体において、電線導体は円形圧縮加工されていることが好ましい。電線導体が円形圧縮加工されることにより、複数の導体素線がより密に芯線に撚り合わされると共に、電線導体の径方向の断面がより真円に近くなる。これにより、より高い強度及び真円度を有する電線導体を得ることが可能となる。また、上述したように、電線導体を円形圧縮加工した場合、ＪＡＳＯ Ｄ６１１：２０１４の附属書Ａの「図Ａ．１ テンションメンバ入り導体」に示された導体構造が、より真円に近くなる。図３に、このような導体構造を電線導体の径方向の断面図で示す。図３に示されるように、テンションメンバとしての芯線１０に複数の導体素線２０が撚り合わされた電線導体の外周に絶縁被覆層３０が被覆されることで各導体素線２０の形状が歪み、芯線１０により負荷がかかる。極細線の場合、一般に、繊維状の芯線１０に負荷がかかると、繊維が電線導体の外側にはみ出てしまい、絶縁性能の低下を招くおそれがある。本実施形態に係る電線導体では、上述の関係式（Ｉ）及び（ＩＩ）を満たすように電線導体の撚りピッチＹが制御されている。このような電線導体がさらに円形圧縮加工されることにより、図３に示される導体構造がより真円に近い導体構造を示し、電線導体からの繊維のはみ出しをより防止することができ、電線の製造時における絶縁性能の低下をより抑制できる。尚、真円度は、電線導体の外径Ｘに対する電線導体（複合導体）の径の差の最大値、すなわち、（ｄｍａｘ−ｄｍｉｎ）／｛（ｄｍａｘ＋ｄｍｉｎ）／２｝として定義する。
<Circular compression processing of electric wire conductor>
In the electric wire conductor according to the present embodiment, it is preferable that the electric wire conductor is circularly compressed. By circularly compressing the electric wire conductor, a plurality of conductor strands are twisted closer to the core wire, and the radial cross section of the electric wire conductor becomes closer to a perfect circle. This makes it possible to obtain an electric wire conductor having higher strength and roundness. Further, as described above, when the electric wire conductor is circularly compressed, the conductor structure shown in "Fig. A. Conductor with tension member" of Annex A of JASO D611: 2014 becomes closer to a perfect circle. FIG. 3 shows such a conductor structure in a cross-sectional view in the radial direction of the electric wire conductor. As shown in FIG. 3, the shape of each
［電線］
本実施形態に係る電線は、上述の電線導体と、当該電線導体の外周に設けられた絶縁被覆層とを備え、絶縁被覆層は電線導体の外周面上に設けられている。絶縁被覆層の形状は、特に限定されるものではなく、電線導体の形状に応じて適宜設計することができる。
[Electrical wire]
The electric wire according to the present embodiment includes the above-mentioned electric wire conductor and an insulating coating layer provided on the outer periphery of the electric wire conductor, and the insulating coating layer is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the electric wire conductor. The shape of the insulating coating layer is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately designed according to the shape of the electric wire conductor.
＜絶縁被覆層＞
絶縁被覆層には、絶縁性を有する樹脂が使用されており、そのような樹脂は、熱可塑性樹脂、熱硬化性樹脂のいずれであってもよい。熱可塑性樹脂としては、例えば、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン樹脂（ＰＴＦＥ）、ポリエチレン樹脂（ＰＥ）、ポリプロピレン樹脂（ＰＰ）、ポリアセタール樹脂（ＰＯＭ）、ポリスチレン樹脂（ＰＳ）、ポリカーボネート樹脂（ＰＣ）、ポリアミド樹脂（ＰＡ）、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂（ＰＶＣ）、ポリフェニレンサルファイド樹脂（ＰＰＳ）、ポリメチルメタクリレート樹脂（ＰＭＭＡ）、アクリロニトリルブタジエンスチレン樹脂（ＡＢＳ）、アクリロニトリルスチレン樹脂（ＡＳ）等を挙げることができる。また、熱硬化性樹脂としては、例えば、フェノール樹脂（ＰＦ）、エポキシ樹脂（ＥＰ）、メラミン樹脂（ＭＦ）、尿素樹脂（ユリア樹脂)（ＵＦ）、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂（ＵＰ）、ジアリルフタレート樹脂（ＰＤＡＰ）、ポリウレタン樹脂（ＰＵＲ）、シリコン樹脂（ＳＩ）等を挙げることができる。これらは、単独で使用してもよく、２種以上を適宜混合して使用してもよい。これらの樹脂のうち、安価でかつ自動車用電線に要求される機械特性の観点からポリ塩化ビニル樹脂が好ましい。また、絶縁被覆層は、このような樹脂を含む単層であってもよく、又は、このような樹脂を含む層が複数積層されていてもよい。絶縁被覆層の厚さは、特に限定されるものではないが、軽量・細径化の観点から０．１ｍｍ以上０．３ｍｍ以下が好ましく、０．１ｍｍ以上０．２ｍｍ以下がより好ましい。
<Insulation coating layer>
A resin having an insulating property is used for the insulating coating layer, and such a resin may be either a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polytetrafluoroethylene resin (PTFE), polyethylene resin (PE), polypropylene resin (PP), polyacetal resin (POM), polystyrene resin (PS), polycarbonate resin (PC), and polyamide resin ( PA), polyvinyl chloride resin (PVC), polyphenylene sulfide resin (PPS), polymethylmethacrylate resin (PMMA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin (ABS), acrylonitrile styrene resin (AS) and the like can be mentioned. Examples of the thermosetting resin include phenol resin (PF), epoxy resin (EP), melamine resin (MF), urea resin (urea resin) (UF), unsaturated polyester resin (UP), and diallyl phthalate resin. (PDAP), polyurethane resin (PUR), silicon resin (SI) and the like can be mentioned. These may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be appropriately mixed and used. Of these resins, polyvinyl chloride resins are preferable from the viewpoint of low cost and mechanical properties required for electric wires for automobiles. Further, the insulating coating layer may be a single layer containing such a resin, or a plurality of layers containing such a resin may be laminated. The thickness of the insulating coating layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 0.3 mm or less, and more preferably 0.1 mm or more and 0.2 mm or less from the viewpoint of weight reduction and diameter reduction.
［電線導体及び電線の用途］
本実施形態に係る電線導体又は電線は、様々な用途に好適に適用できる。例えば、各種電線の用途として、上記電線が複数撚り合わされた通信用電線、上記電線又は当該通信用電線と、シース、箔シールド・編組シールド等の電磁遮断部とを備えるシールド電線が挙げられる。また、接続用電線として、上記電線、通信用電線又はシールド電線と、これらの電線の端部に接続されている端子とを備える端子付き電線が挙げられる。このような端子として、例えば、金属製の自動車用圧着端子が挙げられ、端子付き電線は、電線導体の端部又は各電線の端部で露出した電線導体と、端子とが圧着されることで作製される。
[Use of electric wire conductors and electric wires]
The electric wire conductor or electric wire according to this embodiment can be suitably applied to various uses. For example, examples of various electric wires include a communication electric wire in which a plurality of the electric wires are twisted, the electric wire or the communication electric wire, and a shielded electric wire provided with an electromagnetic blocking portion such as a sheath, a foil shield, or a braided shield. Further, examples of the connecting electric wire include a terminal-equipped electric wire including the above-mentioned electric wire, a communication electric wire, or a shielded electric wire, and a terminal connected to an end portion of these electric wires. Examples of such terminals include crimp terminals for automobiles made of metal. In an electric wire with a terminal, an electric wire conductor exposed at the end of the electric wire conductor or the end of each electric wire is crimped with the terminal. It is made.
他の用途として、自動車用ワイヤーハーネスが挙げられる。このような自動車用ワイヤーハーネスは、上記電線、通信用電線又はシールド電線を備えており、特に、極細線の要求が高い近年の自動車用ワイヤーハーネスへの適用に好適である。 Other uses include wire harnesses for automobiles. Such an automobile wire harness includes the above-mentioned electric wire, communication electric wire, or shielded electric wire, and is particularly suitable for application to a recent automobile wire harness in which the demand for ultrafine wires is high.
次に、本実施形態に係る電線導体及び電線の製造方法の一例を説明する。 Next, an example of the electric wire conductor and the method for manufacturing the electric wire according to the present embodiment will be described.
［電線導体及び電線の製造方法］
本実施形態に係る電線導体は、各線径の芯線及び導体素線を用意し、芯線の外周に対して複数の導体素線を撚り合わせる撚線工程、任意に圧縮工程を経て製造される。導体素線にめっきを施す場合、めっきの剥離が懸念されるため、圧縮行程を省略することができ、圧縮工程の後にめっきを施すことも可能である。また、予めめっきが施された導体素線を使用してもよい。圧縮工程の製造条件は、芯線及び導線素線の数、圧縮工程後の所望とする電線導体の断面積等に応じて、適宜設計することができるが、通常は電線導体の外径よりも小さいダイス穴に電線導体を通すことによって圧縮する。また、撚線工程前に、任意に癖取りのための熱処理を実施することができる。熱処理を実施する場合、各種材料の強度が１０％以上下がらない条件に適宜設定される。撚線工程では、電線導体の撚りピッチを所望の範囲に制御することができる。また、必要に応じて、得られた電線導体に絶縁性の樹脂を被覆することにより、電線導体と、絶縁被覆層とを備える電線を作製することができる。
[Manufacturing method of electric wire conductor and electric wire]
The electric wire conductor according to the present embodiment is manufactured through a stranded wire step of preparing a core wire and a conductor strand of each wire diameter and twisting a plurality of conductor strands with respect to the outer periphery of the core wire, and optionally a compression step. When plating the conductor wire, there is a concern that the plating may peel off, so the compression stroke can be omitted, and plating can be performed after the compression step. Further, a conductor wire that has been plated in advance may be used. The manufacturing conditions of the compression process can be appropriately designed according to the number of core wires and conductors, the desired cross-sectional area of the wire conductor after the compression step, etc., but are usually smaller than the outer diameter of the wire conductor. Compress by passing a wire conductor through the die hole. Further, before the stranded wire step, a heat treatment for removing habits can be arbitrarily performed. When the heat treatment is carried out, it is appropriately set under the condition that the strength of various materials does not decrease by 10% or more. In the stranded wire step, the twist pitch of the electric wire conductor can be controlled within a desired range. Further, if necessary, by coating the obtained electric wire conductor with an insulating resin, an electric wire having the electric wire conductor and the insulating coating layer can be produced.
以下、本発明を実施例に基づきさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
＜実施例１＞
０．１４ｍｍの直径を有する芯線の周囲に、０．１０８ｍｍの直径Ｄを有する複数の導体素線を撚り合わせて撚りピッチＹが１ｍｍとなるように撚線を形成した。導体素数の本数は８本であり、テンションメンバとしての芯線にはＰＢＯ繊維(東洋紡社製、「ザイロン」)を使用し、各導体素線には銅合金(Ｃｕ−０．７質量％Ｓｎ)を使用した。得られた撚線を線径ダイスに通して円形圧縮加工し、０．３４ｍｍの外径Ｘ及び０．０８ｍｍ２の断面積を有する電線導体を作製した。さらに、得られた電線導体にＰＶＣ樹脂を被覆することにより、電線導体と絶縁被覆層とを備える電線を作製した。得られた電線について下記の測定及び評価を行った。各評価を表１に示す。
<Example 1>
A plurality of conductor strands having a diameter D of 0.108 mm were twisted around a core wire having a diameter of 0.14 mm to form a stranded wire so that the twist pitch Y was 1 mm. The number of conductor elements is eight, PBO fiber (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., "Zylon") is used for the core wire as a tension member, and copper alloy (Cu-0.7 mass% Sn) is used for each conductor element wire. It was used. The obtained stranded wire was passed through a wire diameter die and subjected to circular compression processing to prepare an electric wire conductor having an outer diameter X of 0.34 mm and a cross-sectional area of 0.08 mm 2. Further, by coating the obtained electric wire conductor with PVC resin, an electric wire having the electric wire conductor and the insulating coating layer was produced. The following measurements and evaluations were performed on the obtained electric wires. Each evaluation is shown in Table 1.
＜外観特性＞
得られた電線の外観を目視で観察し、コブ及び凹凸のない良好な外観であれば「〇」、コブや凹凸は検出されないが、長手方向または周方向で散乱等による色の変化が観察されれば「△」、コブ、凹凸の両方又はいずれかが観察されれば「×」と評価し、「△」以上であれば、外観特性が良好であると評価した。
<Appearance characteristics>
Visually observe the appearance of the obtained electric wire, and if it has a good appearance without bumps and irregularities, "○", no bumps or irregularities are detected, but color changes due to scattering etc. are observed in the longitudinal direction or the circumferential direction. If "Δ", bumps, unevenness, or any of them are observed, it is evaluated as "x", and if it is "Δ" or more, it is evaluated that the appearance characteristics are good.
＜断面観察＞
得られた電線の径方向の断面について、得られた電線を樹脂含侵したのち研磨し、マイクロスコープを用いて得られた断面を観察し、この断面から電線導体の真円度を算出した。繊維のはみ出しが観察されておらず、真円度が９５％以上であれば「〇」、繊維のはみ出しは観察されないものの、真円度が９０％以上９５％未満であれば「△」、繊維のはみ出しが観察された場合を「×」と評価し、「△」以上であれば、良好な断面構造を有していると評価した。
<Cross-section observation>
With respect to the radial cross section of the obtained electric wire, the obtained electric wire was impregnated with resin and then polished, and the obtained cross section was observed using a microscope, and the roundness of the electric wire conductor was calculated from this cross section. If no fiber squeeze out is observed and the roundness is 95% or more, "○", if the fiber squeeze out is not observed, but the roundness is 90% or more and less than 95%, "△", fiber When the protrusion was observed, it was evaluated as "x", and when it was "Δ" or more, it was evaluated as having a good cross-sectional structure.
＜絶縁耐力性＞
ＪＡＳＯ Ｄ６１８：２０１３の規格に準拠して、得られた電線について耐電圧試験を行い、絶縁体破壊の有無を評価した。絶縁体である絶縁被覆層の破壊が観察されなかった場合を「〇」、絶縁被覆層の破壊が観察された場合を「×」と評価し、「〇」であれば、絶縁耐力性に優れていると評価した。
<Dielectric strength>
According to the standard of JASO D618: 2013, the obtained electric wire was subjected to a withstand voltage test to evaluate the presence or absence of insulator breakage. When no destruction of the insulating coating layer, which is an insulator, is observed, it is evaluated as "○", and when destruction of the insulating coating layer is observed, it is evaluated as "x". If it is "○", the dielectric strength is excellent. I evaluated it as.
＜ストリップ性＞
Ｐ−９７７ ワイヤーストリッパーを用いて電線のストリップ性を評価した。絶縁のストリップを行った際、導体素線にほどけが生じない場合を「〇」、ほどけが生じる場合を「×」と評価し、「〇」であれば、ストリップ性に優れていると評価した。
<Strip property>
The strip property of the electric wire was evaluated using a P-977 wire stripper. When the insulating strip was performed, the case where the conductor wire did not unravel was evaluated as "○", the case where unraveling occurred was evaluated as "x", and when it was "○", it was evaluated as having excellent stripping property. ..
＜総合評価＞
上記４つの評価項目において、いずれも「〇」である場合を「◎」、少なくとも１つが「△」である場合を「〇」、少なくとも１つが「×」である場合を「×」と評価した。
<Comprehensive evaluation>
In the above four evaluation items, the case where all of them were "○" was evaluated as "◎", the case where at least one was "△" was evaluated as "○", and the case where at least one was "×" was evaluated as "×". ..
＜実施例２＞
電線導体の撚りピッチＹが５ｍｍになるように電線導体を作製した以外は実施例１と同様の方法で電線を作製した。得られた電線の評価を表１に示す。
<Example 2>
The electric wire was produced by the same method as in Example 1 except that the electric wire conductor was produced so that the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor was 5 mm. The evaluation of the obtained electric wire is shown in Table 1.
＜実施例３＞
電線導体の撚りピッチＹが１０ｍｍになるように電線導体を作製した以外は実施例１と同様の方法で電線を作製した。得られた電線の評価を表１に示す。
<Example 3>
The electric wire was produced by the same method as in Example 1 except that the electric wire conductor was produced so that the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor was 10 mm. The evaluation of the obtained electric wire is shown in Table 1.
＜実施例４＞
電線導体の撚りピッチＹが１５ｍｍになるように電線導体を作製した以外は実施例１と同様の方法で電線を作製した。得られた電線の評価を表１に示す。
<Example 4>
The electric wire was produced by the same method as in Example 1 except that the electric wire conductor was produced so that the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor was 15 mm. The evaluation of the obtained electric wire is shown in Table 1.
＜実施例５＞
０．０６ｍｍの直径を有する導体素線を１２本使用して、０．２５ｍｍの外径Ｘ及び０．０５ｍｍ２の断面積を有する電線導体を作製した以外は実施例１と同様の方法で電線を作製した。得られた電線の評価を表１に示す。
<Example 5>
Using 12 conductor strands having a diameter of 0.06 mm, a wire conductor having an outer diameter X of 0.25 mm and a cross-sectional area of 0.05 mm 2 was produced by the same method as in Example 1. Was produced. The evaluation of the obtained electric wire is shown in Table 1.
＜実施例６＞
電線導体の撚りピッチＹが５ｍｍになるように電線導体を作製した以外は実施例５と同様の方法で電線を作製した。得られた電線の評価を表１に示す。
<Example 6>
The electric wire was produced by the same method as in Example 5 except that the electric wire conductor was produced so that the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor was 5 mm. The evaluation of the obtained electric wire is shown in Table 1.
＜実施例７＞
電線導体の撚りピッチＹが１０ｍｍになるように電線導体を作製した以外は実施例５と同様の方法で電線を作製した。得られた電線の評価を表１に示す。
<Example 7>
The electric wire was produced by the same method as in Example 5 except that the electric wire conductor was produced so that the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor was 10 mm. The evaluation of the obtained electric wire is shown in Table 1.
＜実施例８＞
電線導体の撚りピッチＹが１５ｍｍになるように電線導体を作製した以外は実施例５と同様の方法で電線を作製した。得られた電線の評価を表１に示す。
<Example 8>
The electric wire was produced by the same method as in Example 5 except that the electric wire conductor was produced so that the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor was 15 mm. The evaluation of the obtained electric wire is shown in Table 1.
＜実施例９＞
０．１７ｍｍの直径を有する芯線の周囲に、０．１８５ｍｍの直径Ｄを有する複数の導体素線を撚り合わせて撚りピッチＹが２ｍｍとなるように撚線を形成した。導体素数の本数は６本であり、テンションメンバとしての芯線にはＰＢＯ繊維(東洋紡社製、「ザイロン」)を使用し、各導体素線には銅合金(Ｃｕ−０．７質量％Ｓｎ)を使用した。得られた撚線を線径ダイスに通して円形圧縮加工し、０．４５ｍｍの外径Ｘ及び０．１３ｍｍ２の断面積を有する電線導体を作製した。さらに、得られた電線導体にＰＶＣ樹脂を被覆することにより、電線導体と絶縁被覆層とを備える電線を作製した。得られた電線の評価を表１に示す。
<Example 9>
A plurality of conductor strands having a diameter D of 0.185 mm were twisted around a core wire having a diameter of 0.17 mm to form a stranded wire so that the twist pitch Y was 2 mm. The number of conductor elements is 6, and PBO fiber ("Zylon" manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) is used for the core wire as a tension member, and copper alloy (Cu-0.7 mass% Sn) is used for each conductor element wire. It was used. The obtained stranded wire was passed through a wire diameter die and subjected to circular compression processing to prepare an electric wire conductor having an outer diameter X of 0.45 mm and a cross-sectional area of 0.13 mm 2. Further, by coating the obtained electric wire conductor with PVC resin, an electric wire having the electric wire conductor and the insulating coating layer was produced. The evaluation of the obtained electric wire is shown in Table 1.
＜実施例１０＞
電線導体の撚りピッチＹが５ｍｍになるように電線導体を作製した以外は実施例９と同様の方法で電線を作製した。得られた電線の評価を表１に示す。
<Example 10>
The electric wire was produced by the same method as in Example 9 except that the electric wire conductor was produced so that the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor was 5 mm. The evaluation of the obtained electric wire is shown in Table 1.
＜実施例１１＞
電線導体の撚りピッチＹが１０ｍｍになるように電線導体を作製した以外は実施例９と同様の方法で電線を作製した。得られた電線の評価を表１に示す。
<Example 11>
The electric wire was produced by the same method as in Example 9 except that the electric wire conductor was produced so that the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor was 10 mm. The evaluation of the obtained electric wire is shown in Table 1.
＜実施例１２＞
電線導体の撚りピッチＹが２０ｍｍになるように電線導体を作製した以外は実施例９と同様の方法で電線を作製した。得られた電線の評価を表１に示す。
<Example 12>
The electric wire was produced by the same method as in Example 9 except that the electric wire conductor was produced so that the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor was 20 mm. The evaluation of the obtained electric wire is shown in Table 1.
＜比較例１＞
電線導体の撚りピッチＹが２０ｍｍになるように電線導体を作製した以外は実施例１と同様の方法で電線を作製した。得られた電線の評価を表１に示す。
<Comparative example 1>
The electric wire was produced by the same method as in Example 1 except that the electric wire conductor was produced so that the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor was 20 mm. The evaluation of the obtained electric wire is shown in Table 1.
＜比較例２＞
電線導体の撚りピッチＹが２０ｍｍになるように電線導体を作製した以外は実施例５と同様の方法で電線を作製した。得られた電線の評価を表１に示す。
<Comparative example 2>
The electric wire was produced by the same method as in Example 5 except that the electric wire conductor was produced so that the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor was 20 mm. The evaluation of the obtained electric wire is shown in Table 1.
＜比較例３＞
電線導体の撚りピッチＹが３０ｍｍになるように電線導体を作製した以外は実施例９と同様の方法で電線を作製した。得られた電線の評価を表１に示す。
<Comparative example 3>
The electric wire was produced by the same method as in Example 9 except that the electric wire conductor was produced so that the twist pitch Y of the electric wire conductor was 30 mm. The evaluation of the obtained electric wire is shown in Table 1.
＜実施例１３〜２４及び比較例４〜６＞
各導体素線に純銅(タフピッチ銅)を使用した以外は実施例１〜１３及び比較例４〜６と同様の方法で電線を作製した。得られた電線の評価を表２に示す。
<Examples 13 to 24 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6>
Electric wires were produced in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 13 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6 except that pure copper (tough pitch copper) was used for each conductor wire. Table 2 shows the evaluation of the obtained electric wires.
表１、２に示されるように、実施例１〜２４で得られた電線は、いずれも、良好な外観特性を示し、絶縁耐力性にも優れていた。そのため、実施例１〜２４では、極細線であっても、電線製造時の外観特性が良好であり、且つ絶縁耐力性に優れた電線を製造可能な電線導体を得ることができた。また、実施例１〜２４で得られた電線は、円形圧縮加工をしても、芯線からの繊維のはみ出しもない良好な断面を有し、ストリップ性にも優れていた。そのため、電線の製造時における絶縁性能の低下が抑制されており、極細線として、各種用途に適用可能であると判断できる。特に、実施例１〜２、５〜６、１０、１３〜１４、１７〜１８、２２では、総合評価が「◎」であり、各評価項目に挙げられた特性・構造がいずれも優れていた。 As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the electric wires obtained in Examples 1 to 24 all exhibited good appearance characteristics and were also excellent in dielectric strength. Therefore, in Examples 1 to 24, it was possible to obtain an electric wire conductor capable of producing an electric wire having good appearance characteristics at the time of manufacturing the electric wire and having excellent dielectric strength even if it is an ultrafine wire. Further, the electric wires obtained in Examples 1 to 24 had a good cross section in which the fibers did not protrude from the core wire even when subjected to circular compression processing, and were excellent in stripping property. Therefore, the deterioration of the insulation performance at the time of manufacturing the electric wire is suppressed, and it can be judged that the wire can be applied to various applications as an ultrafine wire. In particular, in Examples 1 to 2, 5 to 6, 10, 13 to 14, 17 to 18 and 22, the overall evaluation was "◎", and the characteristics and structures listed in each evaluation item were all excellent. ..
一方、比較例１、４では、電線の外観にいくつかのコブが観察され、耐電圧試験においても絶縁被覆層の破壊が観察されたため、外観不良が生じ、絶縁耐力性も劣っていた。また、円形圧縮加工後の電線における断面構造を観察すると、芯線からの繊維のはみ出しが見受けられ、さらに真円度も約５０％であった。 On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 and 4, some bumps were observed on the appearance of the electric wire, and the insulation coating layer was also observed to be broken in the withstand voltage test, resulting in poor appearance and poor dielectric strength. Further, when observing the cross-sectional structure of the electric wire after the circular compression process, the fibers were found to protrude from the core wire, and the roundness was about 50%.
比較例２、５では、外観特性は良好であったものの、耐電圧試験において絶縁被覆層の破壊が観察されたため、絶縁耐力性に劣っていた。また、円形圧縮加工後の電線における断面構造を観察すると、芯線からの繊維のはみ出しが見受けられ、さらに真円度の低下に伴い、多数の導体素線が切断していた。 In Comparative Examples 2 and 5, although the appearance characteristics were good, the dielectric strength was inferior because the insulation coating layer was observed to be broken in the withstand voltage test. Further, when observing the cross-sectional structure of the electric wire after the circular compression process, the fibers were found to protrude from the core wire, and a large number of conductor strands were cut as the roundness decreased.
比較例３、６では、比較例１と同様、電線の外観にいくつかのコブが観察され、耐電圧試験においても絶縁被覆層の破壊が観察されたため、外観不良が生じ、絶縁耐力性も劣っていた。また、円形圧縮加工後の電線における断面構造を観察すると、芯線からの繊維のはみ出しが見受けられた。 In Comparative Examples 3 and 6, as in Comparative Example 1, some bumps were observed in the appearance of the electric wire, and the insulation coating layer was also observed to be broken in the withstand voltage test, resulting in poor appearance and poor dielectric strength. Was there. Further, when observing the cross-sectional structure of the electric wire after the circular compression process, it was found that the fibers protruded from the core wire.
＜実施例２５＞
得られた電線の用途の一例として、実施例１で作製した電線の端部を金属製の自動車用圧着端子に圧着し、端子付き電線を作製した。得られた端子付き電線の引張強度は５０Ｎであり、実用に耐え得る結果を示した。
<Example 25>
As an example of the use of the obtained electric wire, the end portion of the electric wire produced in Example 1 was crimped to a metal crimp terminal for an automobile to produce an electric wire with a terminal. The tensile strength of the obtained electric wire with a terminal was 50 N, which was a result that could withstand practical use.
＜実施例２６＞
電線導体にハロゲンフリー樹脂（ポリエチレン樹脂）を被覆し、厚さ０．４ｍｍの絶縁被覆層を備える電線を作製した以外は実施例１と同様の方法で電線を作製した。得られた電線をコア撚りピッチ２０ｍｍでツイストし、その周囲をハロゲンフリー樹脂製のシースで被覆してシールド電線を作製した。得られたシールド電線の特性インピーダンスは、１００Ωであった。
<Example 26>
The electric wire was produced by the same method as in Example 1 except that the electric wire conductor was coated with a halogen-free resin (polyethylene resin) to produce an electric wire having an insulating coating layer having a thickness of 0.4 mm. The obtained electric wire was twisted at a core twist pitch of 20 mm, and the periphery thereof was covered with a sheath made of a halogen-free resin to prepare a shielded electric wire. The characteristic impedance of the obtained shielded electric wire was 100Ω.
＜実施例２７＞
実施例２６で作製した長さ２ｍの電線の端部を、実施例２５と同様に端子に圧着し、端子付き電線を作製した。得られた端子付き電線をコネクタハウジングに挿入し、ＣＡＮ通信を行った。このような端子付き電線は、良好に通信ができることが確認され、通信用電線として機能した。
<Example 27>
The end of the electric wire having a length of 2 m produced in Example 26 was crimped to the terminal in the same manner as in Example 25 to produce an electric wire with a terminal. The obtained electric wire with a terminal was inserted into the connector housing, and CAN communication was performed. It was confirmed that such an electric wire with a terminal can communicate well, and it functioned as an electric wire for communication.
１ 電線導体
１０ 芯線
２０ 導体素線
３０ 絶縁被覆層
1
Claims (13)
前記電線導体の断面積が０．０３ｍｍ２以上０．１３ｍｍ２以下であり、
前記電線導体の外径Ｘが０．２４ｍｍ以上０．４５ｍｍ以下であり、
前記電線導体の撚りピッチＹが、前記電線導体の外径Ｘと前記導体素線の直径Ｄ（ｍｍ）について以下の関係式（Ｉ）及び（ＩＩ）を満たすことを特徴とする電線導体。
（Ｄ×導体素線の数）ｍｍ≦Ｙ≦１５ｍｍ（但し、Ｘは０．２４ｍｍ以上０．３４以下である）・・・（Ｉ）
（Ｄ×導体素線の数）ｍｍ≦Ｙ≦４５．４５×Ｘ−０．４５ｍｍ（但し、Ｘは０．３４ｍｍより大きく、０．４５ｍｍ以下である）・・・（ＩＩ） An electric wire conductor in which a plurality of conductor strands are twisted around a fibrous or string-shaped core wire.
Sectional area of the wire conductor is at 0.03 mm 2 or more 0.13 mm 2 or less,
The outer diameter X of the electric wire conductor is 0.24 mm or more and 0.45 mm or less.
A wire conductor characterized in that the twist pitch Y of the wire conductor satisfies the following relational expressions (I) and (II) with respect to the outer diameter X of the wire conductor and the diameter D (mm) of the conductor strand.
(D × number of conductor strands) mm ≦ Y ≦ 15 mm (however, X is 0.24 mm or more and 0.34 or less) ... (I)
(D x number of conductor strands) mm ≤ Y ≤ 45.45 x X-0.45 mm (However, X is larger than 0.34 mm and 0.45 mm or less) ... (II)
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| JP2020065149A JP2021163652A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Electric wire conductor, electric wire, electric wire for communication, shielded electric wire, electric wire with terminal and wire harness for automobile |
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| JP2020065149A JP2021163652A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Electric wire conductor, electric wire, electric wire for communication, shielded electric wire, electric wire with terminal and wire harness for automobile |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04138616A (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1992-05-13 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Electric wire conductor for harness |
| JP2008091214A (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2008-04-17 | Kurabe Ind Co Ltd | Fiber composite electric wire conductor and insulating electric wire |
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2020
- 2020-03-31 JP JP2020065149A patent/JP2021163652A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04138616A (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1992-05-13 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Electric wire conductor for harness |
| JP2008091214A (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2008-04-17 | Kurabe Ind Co Ltd | Fiber composite electric wire conductor and insulating electric wire |
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