JP2021154959A - Adhesion structure of resin external plate - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an adhesion structure of a resin external plate which does not require a complicated step, suppresses occurrence of distortion and the like, without using a plurality of kinds of adhesives, and can prevent breakage of an adhesive.SOLUTION: A resin external plate has an inner panel 11 and a resin outer panel 12 that are arranged from inside toward outside of a vehicle body so as to overlap each other, in which the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 are bonded to each other with an adhesive, the adhesive is arranged in a belt shape and has seating faces with a constant interface distance, at least the one seating face is provided with projections 29 so as to maintain mutual faces, the seating faces are partially provided with regions Q having large interface distances, and a boundary region between the seating face on the region Q having the large interface distance in the seating face and a region having a constant interface distance from the seating face thereof, and a predetermined region Px adjacent to the boundary region in the region having the constant interface distance are not provided with projections 29.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

The present invention relates to an adhesive structure of a resin outer plate.

In recent years, resin members have come to be used for the exterior members of automobiles, and these members are assembled by being bonded to each other using an adhesive. When the resin back door outer panel is adhered to the inner panel with an adhesive, there is a problem that the surface (design surface) of the panel at the adhesive-applied portion is distorted and the surface quality is deteriorated. Therefore, in order to solve the problem that distortion occurs when the resin plate and different materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion are bonded with an adhesive, an adhesive having a high flexibility and an adhesive having a high tensile strength are used. A technique of combining and alternating the arrangement has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-73198

However, in the above technique, since it is necessary to use a plurality of types of adhesives and it is necessary to consider the arrangement of those adhesives, the process becomes complicated and there is a problem in productivity. Further, in order to prevent the occurrence of distortion, it is conceivable to provide a place where the distance between the surfaces is wide and increase the amount of the adhesive at that place. However, since it is difficult to precisely control the amount of the adhesive, the distance between the adhesive surfaces is difficult. There was a risk that the increased amount of adhesive would be cut by the face-to-face beads (protrusions, etc.) for distance control, and foreign matter would be generated. The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and is a resin that does not require a complicated process, suppresses the occurrence of distortion and the like without using a plurality of types of adhesives, and prevents the adhesives from being cut. It is an object of the present invention to provide an adhesive structure of an outer panel.

In order to achieve the above object, the adhesive structure of the resin outer plate of the present invention is an inner panel provided with an inner panel and a resin outer panel which are arranged from the inside to the outside of the vehicle body and are overlapped with each other. The panel and the outer panel are adhered with an adhesive, and the inner panel and the outer panel are provided with a seating surface having a certain distance between the surfaces while the adhesive is arranged in a band shape, and the inner panel and the outer panel are provided. At least one seating surface of the outer panel is provided with a protrusion for maintaining the distance between the surfaces, and the seating surface is partially provided with a region where the distance between the inner panel and the outer panel is large. In the boundary region between the region having a large inter-plane distance and the region having a constant inter-plane distance on the seat surface, and the predetermined region adjacent to the boundary region in the region having the constant inter-plane distance. , The feature is that the protrusion is not provided.

According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of distortion and the like and prevent the adhesive from being cut without requiring a complicated process and without using a plurality of types of adhesives. An adhesive structure of plates can be provided.

FIG. 1 is an example of a perspective development view of a back door of an automobile. FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the state of the adhesive arranged between the inner panel and the outer panel. FIG. 2A is a schematic cross-sectional view and a schematic top view of the inner panel in a state where the adhesive is applied, and FIG. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view and a top surface of the state in which the inner panel and the outer panel are bonded together. It is a schematic diagram. FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a phenomenon caused by a protrusion for maintaining a surface distance between the inner panel and the outer panel. FIG. 3A shows a state in which the protrusion is provided in a region where the adhesive protrudes from the seat surface, and FIG. 3B shows a state in which the protrusion is not provided in a region where the adhesive protrudes from the seat surface. It is a figure which shows. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of an adhesive coating shape and a shape of the adhesive after the inner panel and the outer panel are superposed.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to and limited to the following description.

FIG. 1 shows a perspective development view of a back door of an automobile, which is an example of a resin outer plate. In FIG. 1, the back door 1 includes a resin inner panel 11 and an outer panel 12 which are arranged toward the rear of the vehicle interior, which is the inside of the vehicle body, and are overlapped with each other. A rectangular wind opening 13 penetrating in the thickness direction (front-rear direction) is formed in the upper part of the combined body of the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12. The inner panel 11 closes the door opening from the rear thereof, and integrally projects the inner panel main body 14 extending flat as a whole from the upper side of the inner panel main body 14 toward the rear of the vehicle body, and the window opening 13 It includes a short cylindrical body 20 that constitutes the opening edge portion, and an inward flange 21 that is integrally formed with the protruding end edge portion of the tubular body 20 so as to form the opening edge portion of the window opening 13. .. In the present embodiment, the outer panel 12 is an integral member, but may include an upper panel member and a lower panel member which are provided so as to be vertically separated from each other and which are formed separately from each other.

The inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 are adhered to each other by an adhesive filled in the gap between the facing surfaces thereof to form the back door 1. The adhesive is made of resin and is in a highly viscous fluid state at the beginning of adhesion.

Specifically, the adhesive 31 is filled in the gap between the outer edge portion of the inner panel main body 14 on the upper part of the inner panel 11 and the outer edge portion on the upper side of the outer panel 12. Further, the adhesive 32 is filled in the gap between the upper portion of the inward flange 21 of the inner panel 11 and the upper opening edge portion 12a of the wind opening 13 of the outer panel 12.

The adhesive 33 is filled in the gap between the outer edge portion of the inner panel main body 14 at the lower part of the inner panel 11 and the outer edge portion on the lower side of the outer panel 12. Further, the adhesive 34 is filled in the gap between the lower portion of the inward flange 21 of the inner panel 11 and the lower opening edge portion 12b of the wind opening 13 of the outer panel 12.

Further, the inner panel 11 has an adhesive region in the vicinity of the license plate attachment portion 22 of the outer panel 12 for adhering the outer periphery of the electric component attachment portion to stop water and / or for providing rigidity (strength). It is provided. In the adhesive region, a convex seat surface 25 is formed on the inner panel 11 so as to be able to adhere to the seat surface 26 on the back surface of the outer panel 12, and the adhesive 35 is applied to the convex seat surface 25. Then, the seat surfaces 25 and 26 of the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 are joined to each other.

The adhesives 31, 32, 33, 34, and 35 are cured to bond the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12. As the adhesive, a heat-curable adhesive, a photocurable adhesive, a moisture-curable adhesive, a two-component curable adhesive, or the like can be used. As the adhesive component, a urethane-based adhesive composition, an epoxy-based adhesive composition, or the like can be used, but the adhesive component is not limited thereto.

In the case of a normal adhesive structure, a spacer or the like for forming a gap having a predetermined thickness is provided between the facing surfaces of the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 facing each other, and the gap is uniformly filled with the adhesive. .. In the past, the distance between the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 was set in the adhesive-applied portion where the surface (design surface) of the panel was easily distorted and the adhesive strength and water stopping property were not required. Attempts have been made to eliminate the distortion by providing a large region. However, in the adhesive structure of the present invention, in order to eliminate the strain, a region Q having a large inter-plane distance is provided even in a place where adhesive strength is required.

The state of the adhesive 35 arranged between the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 is schematically shown in FIG. FIG. 2A shows a state in which the inner panel 11 is coated with an adhesive, and the upper side is a schematic cross-sectional view and the lower side is a schematic top view. Further, FIG. 2B shows a state in which the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 are bonded together, and the upper side is a schematic cross-sectional view and the lower side is a schematic top view.

The inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 are provided with seat surfaces 25 and 26 having an adhesive 35 arranged in a band shape and having a constant surface-to-plane distance, and the area where the surface-to-plane distance between the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 is large. Q is partially provided. In these figures, the convex seating surface 25 formed on the inner panel 11 is formed with a step so as to be a dent, and a region Q in which the distance between the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 is large is provided. It shows the state. The adhesive 35 is discharged and applied so that the coating amount is large in the region Q where the inter-plane distance is large in order to secure the adhesive strength and water stopping property (FIG. 2A). The region Q having a large inter-plane distance covers the entire band width direction (vertical direction in the figure) of the adhesive 35 applied in a band shape.

On the seat surface of the region Q where the distance between the surfaces is large, the amount of the adhesive is increased and applied, but it is difficult to precisely control the amount of the adhesive. Therefore, the amount of the adhesive is gradually increased from before the region Q having a large inter-plane distance (for example, the position X in FIG. 2A) in the adhesive application direction, and after passing through the region Q having a large inter-plane distance. Gradually reduce the amount of adhesive.

After applying the adhesive 35, when the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 are overlapped with each other, the adhesive 35 is spread between the panels. As shown by the black arrow in FIG. 2A, in the region of the same inter-plane distance, the spread width of the adhesive 35 becomes large in the region Q where the amount of the adhesive 35 applied is large. Further, in the places where the inter-plane distances are different, the wider the inter-plane distance, the smaller the spread width of the adhesive 35. In the present invention, it is preferable that the face-to-face distance and the adhesive bead diameter have a certain relationship, and the face-to-face distance is 0.4 times or more and less than 1 time with respect to the adhesive bead diameter. It is preferable that it is within the range of, preferably 0.60 times or more.

It is known that when the inter-plane distance becomes a certain value or more at the portion where the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 are adhered to each other, the appearance defect tends to be improved. It is considered that in the region where the inter-plane distance is large, the height of the adhesive is increased, so that the elastic deformation of the adhesive absorbs the linear expansion of the outer panel and the distortion (poor appearance) can be alleviated. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a step so as to form a dent so that the distance between the surfaces is equal to or more than the above-mentioned constant value. On the other hand, if the distance between the surfaces is large enough to exceed the adhesive bead diameter, the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 do not adhere to each other at that location. Abnormal noise (NV, Noise Vibration) is generated due to contact with the agent 35. As described above, it is preferable to appropriately adjust the inter-plane distance according to the adhesive bead diameter.

At least one of the seating surfaces of the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 is provided with protrusions 29 for maintaining the distance between the two surfaces, but the region Q where the distance between the surfaces is large and the constant surface distance are maintained. It is important that the protrusion 29 is not provided in the boundary region R which is the boundary with the region P and the predetermined region Px adjacent to the boundary region R in the region P having a constant inter-plane distance. The predetermined region Px is, for example, in FIG. 2, a region from the boundary regions R to X on both sides of the region Q having a large inter-plane distance. The region where the protrusion 29 is not provided is a portion where the space between the adhesive surfaces is narrow with respect to the amount of adhesive, and it is preferable to provide a section in which the amount of adhesive gradually changes. In this portion, when the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 are bonded together, the adhesive 35 spreads in the width direction, and the adhesive-applied seat surfaces 25 and 26 tend to protrude. The distance from the boundary region R to the position X can be appropriately changed depending on the viscosity of the adhesive and the like. In the boundary region R, the step of the inter-plane distance may be gentle, or the inter-plane distance may change sharply.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a phenomenon caused by a protrusion for maintaining a surface distance between the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12. FIG. 3 (a) shows a state in which the protrusion 29 is provided in the region where the adhesive 35 protrudes from the seat surface, and FIG. 3 (b) shows a state in which the protrusion 29 is provided in the region where the adhesive 35 protrudes from the seat surface. It is a figure which shows the state which there is not.

If the adhesive 35 protrudes from the seat surface, as shown in FIG. 3A, the adhesive 36 protruding from the protrusion 29 may be torn off. If the torn adhesive 36 falls into the panel, it may cause abnormal noise or malfunction. As shown in FIG. 3B, by not providing the protrusion 29 on the portion where the adhesive 35 protrudes from the seat surface, the adhesive is not torn and the occurrence of the abnormal noise or malfunction is prevented. be able to.

In the present embodiment, an adhesive region is provided near the license plate mounting portion 22, and a region Q in which the distance between the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 is large is provided in a part of the adhesive region. It was found that when the coating area of the adhesive 35 was provided as shown in FIG. 1, the distortion was conspicuous especially in the corner portion (the portion surrounded by the alternate long and short dash line), and the surface quality was liable to deteriorate. Therefore, a step is formed at the corner portion of the convex portion 25 so as to be a dent, and a region Q having a large inter-plane distance is provided.

Regarding the shape of the adhesive region, it is not necessary to provide the region Q having a large inter-plane distance at all the corner portions. Depending on the design on the outer panel 12 side, there are a portion where the distortion is conspicuous and a portion where the distortion is not conspicuous. It is advisable to provide the adhesive structure of the present invention in the portion where the distortion is conspicuous, but it is not essential for the portion where the distortion is conspicuous. Further, in order to eliminate the distortion, it is conceivable to partially stop the application of the adhesive to the places where the adhesive strength and the water stopping property are not required, but the adhesive pools occur before and after the part where the adhesive is interrupted. It is easy and distortion occurs in that part. Therefore, instead of partially stopping the application of the adhesive, it is effective to partially provide a region where the distance between the surfaces to be bonded is large and continuously apply the adhesive.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of an adhesive coating shape and the shape of the adhesive after the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 are superposed. FIG. 4A is a diagram for explaining the application position of the adhesive in correspondence with the position of the license plate mounting portion 22 of the outer panel 12. FIG. 4A In the lower figure, the upper surrounding area surrounded by the adhesive is an area that requires water stoppage and strength guarantee, and is a “adhesion guarantee area” that requires reliable adhesion and sealing. FIG. 4B shows the adhesive guarantee area in which the adhesive is applied in the shape of FIG. 4A, the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 are overlapped with each other, and then the outer panel 12 is peeled off to confirm the state of the adhesive. It is a figure which shows the state of. In FIG. 4A, the portion circled by the alternate long and short dash line is a portion where distortion occurs when the inter-plane distance is uniform. In this portion, by providing the region Q having a large inter-plane distance so as to cover the entire width direction of the adhesive, distortion is reduced even if the adhesive is applied with a single stroke, as shown in FIG. 4 (a). It becomes possible to do. However, if there is a gap between the adhesives, there will be a problem with the water blocking performance, so it is necessary to securely seal the adhesive. Therefore, it is preferable to increase the coating amount in the region Q where the inter-plane distance is large. The seating surface of the inner panel 11 is provided with a protrusion 29 for maintaining the surface distance from the outer panel 12, but it is a boundary between a region Q having a large surface-to-plane distance and a region having a constant surface-to-plane distance. No protrusion 29 is provided in the boundary region and a predetermined region (ends to X of reference numeral Q) adjacent to the boundary region. By providing the protrusion 29 in this way, it is possible to prevent the state shown in FIG. 3A from occurring. As shown in FIG. 4B, the protrusions 29 may be scattered on the seat surface to which the adhesive is applied, or may be continuously and linearly provided in all sections other than the above-mentioned region. good. When they are scattered, the number is not particularly limited as long as the purpose of maintaining the space between the surfaces can be achieved. In FIG. 4B, the protrusion 29 is not provided in the region Q where the inter-plane distance is large, but it is necessary because the adhesive basically does not easily squeeze out in the region Q where the inter-plane distance is large. The protrusion 29 can be provided accordingly.

In addition, the coating amount (discharge amount) from the adhesive coating means is not changed in the place where the adhesive strength is required, and the movement of the coating means such as the coating nozzle is made low speed in the region where the inter-plane distance is large. By doing so, the coating amount at the relevant portion may be increased. The amount of the adhesive can be determined within a range in which distortion can be suppressed, depending on the size of the distance between the surfaces.

In the present embodiment, an embodiment in which a step such as a recess is formed on the inner panel 11 side to provide a region Q having a large inter-plane distance has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a step may be formed on the outer panel 12 side, or a step may be formed on both the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12, but the step that becomes a dent is preferably an inner (inner side) member. It is preferable to provide in. Although the region having a large inter-plane distance in the present invention extends over the entire width direction as described above, ribs may be provided to the extent that the effect of the present invention is not impaired for the purpose of controlling the inter-plane distance. ..

When both the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 are made of resin, the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 are individually injection-molded using a mold. The inner panel 11 is not limited to the resin panel, and may be made of a material such as metal. When the step is formed on a resin panel, it may be formed by a mold at the time of injection molding, or may be formed after injection molding.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, the back door 1 is assembled in a state before the panels (inner panel 11 and outer panel 12) of the back door 1 are overlapped with each other. Then, in this state, first, the adhesives 31 and 33 are applied to the rear surfaces (opposing surfaces) of the outer edges of the inner panel main body 14 at the upper and lower parts of the inner panel 11. Further, the adhesive 32 is applied to the upper part of the inward flange 21 of the inner panel 11, and the adhesive 34 is applied to the lower part of the inward flange 21 of the inner panel 11. Further, the adhesive 35 is applied to the convex portion 25 formed on the inner panel 11.

Next, the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 are brought close to each other and overlapped. Then, by curing the adhesives 31 to 35, the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 are bonded to each other. After the inner panel 11 and the outer panel 12 are bonded and integrated, the back door 1 is subjected to various assembly processes.

Examples of the resin material used for the resin outer plate include PP (polypropylene) resin, PC (polycarbonate) resin, ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) resin, PA (polyamide) resin such as nylon 6, nylon 6, 6 and AES (AES). Acrylonitrile ethylene styrene) resin and the like can be mentioned. Further, for example, fiber-reinforced plastics such as PP resin containing glass-reinforced fibers and plastics reinforced with talc can also be preferably used.

In addition, in order to alleviate the distortion and deformation of the outer panel 12, it is also preferable to further weaken the inner panel 11. By weakening the inner panel 11, it is possible to absorb the linear expansion of the outer panel and alleviate the distortion and the like.

Although the present invention has been described above by exemplifying a back door, the present invention is not limited to the back door, and can be applied to all resin outer panels including a resin outer panel. According to the present invention, since the occurrence of distortion can be alleviated regardless of the arrangement of the adhesive region, it is possible to widen the range of the design of the outer panel.

1 ... Back door 11 ... Inner panel 12 ... Outer panel 12a ... Upper opening edge 12b ... Lower opening edge 13 ... Wind opening 14 ... Inner panel body 20 ... Cylindrical body 21 ... Inward flange 22 ... License plate mounting part 25 ... Seat surface (of inner panel) 26 ... Seat surface (of outer panel) P ... Area with constant face-to-face distance Px ... Predetermined area Q ... Area with large face-to-face distance R ... Boundary area 29 ... Protrusions 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 ... Adhesive

Claims (1)

In a resin outer panel provided with an inner panel and a resin outer panel that are arranged from the inside to the outside of the vehicle body and are overlapped with each other.
The inner panel and the outer panel are adhered by an adhesive, and the inner panel and the outer panel are adhered to each other.
The inner panel and the outer panel are provided with a seating surface on which the adhesive is arranged in a band shape and has a constant inter-plane distance.
At least one seating surface of the inner panel and the outer panel is provided with protrusions for maintaining the distance between the surfaces.
The seat surface is partially provided with a region where the distance between the inner panel and the outer panel is large.
The protrusions are formed in a boundary region between a region having a large inter-plane distance and a region having a constant inter-plane distance on the seat surface, and a predetermined region adjacent to the boundary region in the region having a constant inter-plane distance. Adhesive structure of the resin outer plate, which is characterized in that no is provided.

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