JP2021151859A - Railroad truck including gauge change system and railroad vehicle including railroad truck including thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a railroad truck including a gauge change system and a railroad vehicle including such the railroad truck.SOLUTION: A railroad truck 100 includes a first half frame 10 supporting a set of first wheels 11 connected to each other to be at least mutually movable along a first axis Y in a horizontal direction with respect to an advancing direction X of the truck along a railroad track 110 and a second half frame 20 supporting a set of second wheels 12, a lateral bolster movable between a descending position where the bolster is placed on the first and second half frames and locked thereto and the first and second half frames are located at a first mutual distance corresponding to a first rail gauge and an ascending position where the bolster is unlocked from the first and second half frames and lifted up, and a gauge change system suitable for interacting with a gauge change facility that is arranged along the railroad track and includes first and second support rails 2, 3 and a plurality of guide rails interposed therebetween.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a railroad bogie provided with a gauge changing system and a railroad vehicle provided with such a bogie.

As is known, a bogie is a component of a railroad vehicle, equipped with a set of wheels, which carries the body of the vehicle on rails.

Generally, bogies are designed for railway lines with standard or main reference gauges, for example, in Central Europe, the main standard gauge is 1,435 mm.

In certain countries or regions, the gauge of railway lines varies for historical reasons or for certain characteristics of the region. For example, smaller gauges may be used in topographically difficult areas such as mountains. For example, a 1,000 mm gauge is commonly referred to as a metric gauge.

Over the years, several solutions have been devised to address these differences.

For example, the most commonly adopted solution over the years has been to simply move people and things from one train to another train with trolleys suitable for the next different gauge.

Obviously, such a solution is very inconvenient and means an unpleasant stop and long travel.

More recently, several other solutions have been studied to obtain a bogie that can change gauges while the railcars pass through the gauge change facility without substantially interrupting the movement of the railcars themselves. I came.

For example, in Spanish territory where standard gauges are wider than many Central European lines, ground-based installation systems interact with bogies while rail vehicles are running, causing specific displacement of wheels along the mounting axle. To force, the distance between each other is shortened, and the bogie fits on railway lines with narrower gauges.

Unfortunately, this solution can only be used for short displacements, so it should be adopted when the difference between gauges exceeds a certain value, for example in the case of the Central European standard gauges and metre-gauges above. Not suitable.

For example, other solutions described in the patent literature have proven to be very difficult or even impossible to implement due to complexity and various technical constraints.

For example, in Patent Document 1, the bogie includes two half frames that support each of the corresponding wheel sets, the two lateral distances of which project laterally to the outside of the aligned wheel set. It describes a solution that can be modified by the directional arm.

According to this solution, when the trolleys enter the associated gauge changing equipment, the guide rails of the installation facility need to move upwards towards the lateral arms that go inside them. By sliding, the arm follows the profile of the guide rail, with one half frame displaced relative to the other, causing the entire gauge to fluctuate.

The solution described seems quite annoying from a constructive point of view. And it can cause unwanted vibration and rotation of the dolly around a vertical axis perpendicular to the direction of travel. In addition, the presence of an arm protruding outside the occupied area in front of the wheel set is likely to cause a dangerous impact, for example, when a track-side device is installed near the track along the track.

Chinese Patent Application Publication No. 703173

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a solution for a railroad bogie with a gauge changing system that is suitable for at least partially mitigating at least some of the above problems and drawbacks. ..

Such a purpose is achieved by the bogie of a railroad car, which is
-A first half frame supporting a set of first wheels and a second half frame supporting a set of second wheels, wherein the first and second half frames are along a railroad line. A first half frame and a second half frame that are movably connected to each other at least along a first axis lateral to the direction of travel of the carriage.
-A lateral bolster, a descending position that is locked on the first and second half frames, where the first and second half frames are the first interdistance corresponding to the first rail gauge. A lateral bolster that is unlocked from the first and second half frames and can be moved between the ascending positions that are lifted up.
-With a gauge change system suitable for interacting with gauge change equipment, which is arranged along the track and includes a first support rail and a second support rail, as well as multiple guide rails inserted between them. ,
With
The gauge changing system includes at least an actuating means and a plurality of movable guide elements, and movement of the lateral bolster from a descending position to an ascending position activates the actuating means and activates the plurality of movable guide elements to be stationary. From position, each guide element slides inward, moved to an operating position guided by the corresponding guide rails of the plurality of guide rails, and by the guided slides of the plurality of movable guide elements in the corresponding guide rails. Of the first and second half frames, along the first axis across the direction of travel, until the second mutual distance between the first and second half frames corresponding to the second rail gauge is reached. It is characterized in that at least one is displaced.

According to some embodiments, the trolley may include one or more of the following features, which may be combined in any technically viable combination.
-Movable guide elements are arranged with respect to the first axis crossing the traveling direction, and the movement of staying in the space defined between the set of the first wheel and the set of the second wheel from the stationary position. Move to position.
-The actuating means is a hydraulic actuating means, which is triggered by the movement of the lateral bolster from the descending position to the ascending position to move at least the first subset of the plurality of movable guide elements from the stationary position to the operating position. It comprises at least a first elastic element to which a suitable hydraulic pressure is applied.
-The hydraulic actuating means includes at least a first hydraulic vessel containing a liquid, the at least the first elastic element being housed in the first hydraulic vessel, and precompression when the lateral bolster is in the descending position. It comprises a first spring configured to move from position to an extended position when the lateral bolster moves to said elevated position, and thus said at least the first subset of the plurality of movable guide elements by the liquid. Apply oil suitable for moving from the stationary position to the operating position.
-The hydraulic actuating means is initiated by the lateral bolster movement from the descending position to the ascending position to add suitable hydraulic pressure to move at least a second subset of the plurality of movable guide elements from the stationary position to the operating position. It comprises a second elastic element to be made.
-The hydraulic actuating means includes a second hydraulic vessel containing a liquid, the at least the second elastic element is housed in the second hydraulic vessel, and the precompression position when the lateral bolster is in the descending position. A second spring configured to move from the lateral bolster to the extension position when moving to the ascending position, and thus the liquid provides the at least second subset of the plurality of movable guide elements. Apply the appropriate oil pressure to move from the stationary position to the operating position.
-The plurality of movable guide elements include at least a first pivot and an associated second pivot attached to a first housing cylinder and a corresponding second housing cylinder, with respect to the first axis and the direction of travel. Along the second axis across, they are at least partially retracted inside their respective first and second housing cylinders, and they are at least partially retracted into their respective first and second housing cylinders, respectively. It is movable between an operating position that is pulled out of the housing cylinder and enters the first guide rails of the equipment and the respective second guide rails.
-The plurality of movable guide elements further include at least a third pivot attached to a third housing cylinder and a corresponding fourth housing cylinder and an associated fourth pivot, said first axis and said direction of travel. Along the second axis across, they are at least partially retracted inside their respective first and second housing cylinders, respectively, and they are at least partially retracted into their respective first and second It is movable between an operating position that is pulled out of the housing cylinder of the equipment and enters a third guide rail of the equipment and each fourth guide rail.
-Because the first hydraulic vessel is hydraulically connected to two housing cylinders, for example the first and third housing cylinders, at least two pivots when the first spring moves from the precompression position to the extension position. For example, a hydraulic pressure suitable for moving the first and third pivots from a stationary position to an operating position is applied.
-The second hydraulic vessel is hydraulically connected to two housing cylinders, such as the second and fourth housing cylinders, so that when the second spring moves from the precompressed position to the extended position, at least two pivots. For example, a hydraulic pressure suitable for moving the second and fourth pivots from a stationary position to an operating position is applied.
-The first telescopic bar and the second telescopic bar cross the first and second half frames at the front and rear of the trolley along the first axis lateral to the direction of travel. Connected, the first and second housing cylinders are mounted along a first telescopic bar spaced apart from each other at a first distance, and the third and fourth housing cylinders are attached to the first telescopic bar. They are mounted along the second telescopic bar, spaced from each other at a second distance that is different from the distance.
-The gauge changing system further includes a lifting means configured to mechanically interact with the gauge changing equipment to move the lateral bolster from a descending position to an ascending position.
-The lifting means includes a first swivel arm that supports at least the first mounting element and a second swivel arm that supports at least the second mounting element, and the first and second swivel arms. Is hinged at the first and second opposite side ends of the lateral bolster and is reversible between the retracted position towards the lateral bolster and the retracted position away from the lateral bolster, respectively. Movable, where at least the first mounting element is stationary and moving relative to the first support rail, and at least the second mounting element is relative to the second support rail. Stand still and move.
-Especially when at least the first mounting element and at least the second mounting element are moving along the rising or falling portion of the first support rail and the respective second support rail. The first and second swivel arms are placed in contact with the first support rail and the respective support rails so that at least the first mounting element and the at least second mounting element remain in contact with the first support rail and the respective support rails. It is configured to rotate around at least the first axis in the lateral direction.
-The lift means operates the first swivel arm and each second swivel arm to move between the retracted position and the pulled-out position, the first actuating mechanism and the second actuating mechanism. Each of the first and second actuating mechanisms is hinged to an actuating piston connected to at least the respective first or second swivel arm and to a lateral bolster and the first or second actuating mechanism, respectively. A lock / unlock lever that is separated from the swivel arm and has a hook portion suitable for engaging / disengaging a related portion for locking / unlocking from / to the lowered position of the lateral bolster. It comprises an unlocking lever and an interconnecting lever that interconnects the locking / unlocking lever with the respective first or second swivel arm, the locking / unlocking lever, the interconnecting lever, the actuating piston, and the first or first. The first or second swivel arm of each of the two actuating mechanisms moves firmly against each other.

The above objectives are also achieved by rail vehicles, including at least one bogie of the above type, as defined in the relevant claims of the attachment, as described in detail below.

Further features and advantages become apparent from the description of some preferred but non-exclusive exemplary embodiments of railroad bogies and related railcars according to the present disclosure and are shown only as non-limiting examples with the accompanying drawings. Is done.

It is a perspective view which shows the bogie of the railroad vehicle by this invention when entering the gauge changing equipment arranged along the railroad line. The dolly of FIG. 1 at two consecutive positions along the gauge changing equipment is shown. The dolly of FIG. 1 at two consecutive positions along the gauge changing equipment is shown. The trolleys shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are shown at positions close to the gauge changing equipment. An exemplary embodiment of the hydraulic actuation means used in the trolley according to the present invention is schematically shown. It is sectional drawing which shows the hydraulic actuation means shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the hydraulic actuation means shown in FIG. 5 at the position different from FIG. It is a figure which shows typically an exemplary embodiment of the lifting means used in the trolley according to this invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing an exemplary embodiment of a lift means used in a trolley according to the present invention at a position different from that of FIG.

In the detailed description below, identical or similar components from any structural and / or functional point of view will have the same reference number regardless of whether they are presented in different embodiments of the present disclosure. Note that it can be done. To illustrate and concisely describe the disclosure, it should also be noted that the drawings are not necessarily to scale and that certain features of the disclosure may be presented in some schematic form.

In addition, the terms "fit" or "arrangement" or "constituent" or "formation", or similar terms, are used herein in reference to any component in its entirety, or any part of a component, or a combination of components. If so, it must be understood to mean any of the structures and / or configurations and / or forms and / or arrangements, and to include correspondingly.

Moreover, when the term "substantially" or "substantially" is used herein, it must be understood to include an actual variation of plus or minus 5% with respect to the indicated reference value or position. When the terms lateral or lateral are used, they must be understood to include reference parts or directions that are not parallel to the direction / axis they refer to, and vertical is It must be considered a specific case in the horizontal direction.

Finally, in the following description and claims, ordinal numbers such as first, second, third, etc. are used only to clarify the description and should not be understood as a limitation for any reason. In particular, the representation of a component, for example referred to as "fourth ...", does not necessarily precede a "first" or "second" or "second" unless such presence is clearly clear about the correct function of the associated embodiment. It does not imply the existence or strict need for the components of "3", and the order must also be accurate in the numerical order described with reference to the illustrated exemplary embodiments. No.

1 to 4 show the bogies of railroad vehicles, which are indicated by the entire reference number 100 and are shown at continuous positions.

The dolly 100 includes at least a first half frame 10 that supports the first wheel set 11 and a second half frame 20 that supports the second wheel set 12.

The first half frame 10 and the second half frame 20 are lateral to the traveling direction (X) of the bogie 100 along the railroad track, with respect to the scope of the invention and in more detail below. They are connected to each other in such a way that they can move to each other along at least the first axis (Y).

For simplicity, in the accompanying relevant FIGS. 1-4, the railroad track is schematically represented by the two rails illustrated, which are hereinafter referred to as the railroad track 110.

According to one embodiment, the first and second half frames 10 and 20 are movably connected to each other by at least one telescopic bar 15.

More specifically, in an exemplary embodiment, the trolley 100 comprises a first telescopic bar 15 and a substantially identical second telescopic bar 25 (only partially visible in FIGS. 2-4). , These are arranged at the front and rear of the lateral bolster 30 of the carriage 100 with respect to the traveling direction (X).

The lateral bolster 30 is suitable for connecting to the body of a railroad vehicle (not shown). For example, according to a solution well known in the art and therefore not described in detail herein, the connection comprises, among other things, an air spring 31 and a coupling pivot 32 located in the central portion of the bolster 30. It is realized using one or more suspensions.

In the carriage 100 according to the present invention, the lateral bolster 30 has a lowering position (FIG. 1) in which the bolster 30 is stationary and is locked to the first and second half frames 10 and 20 at the first mutual position, and a first. And between the ascending positions (see FIGS. 2 to 4) unlocked from the second half frames 10 and 20 and lifted above it from the first mutual position, it is movable with the vehicle body once connected.

In the example of FIG. 1, the bolster 30 is in the lowered position and is locked to the first and second half frames 10 and 20 at a first mutual distance corresponding to the first rail gauge y1. In particular, the first and second half frames 10 and 20 are along the first axis Y of the first mutual distance corresponding to, for example, the first rail gauge y1 (shown in FIG. 2), which is a metre-gauge. Arranged at intervals.

According to solutions well known to those skilled in the art, or if readily available to those skilled in the art in any case, lateral bolsters 30 are provided on the two half frames 10 and 20 and on the body of the lateral bolster 30 itself. Along the way, fixing means in different positions corresponding to different possible rail gauges can be fixed to the two half frames 10 and 20 by engaging with each other.

The bogie 100 according to the present invention is located along the railroad track 110, as indicated by the overall reference number 1 in FIG. 2 while the bogie is moving along the railroad track 110. It also includes a gauge change system suitable for mechanically interacting with the gauge change equipment.

As shown in FIGS. 1-4, equipment 1 includes, for example, a first lateral support rail 2 and a second lateral support rail 3, which are parallel and substantially identical to each other. , A profile in which the height changes along the direction of travel (X), especially the first ascending ramp shown by reference number 8 in FIG. 1 and reference number 9 in FIG. It has both profiles with a descending ramp towards the final end of the equipment. The intermediate portion between the two ramps 8 and 9 can be straightened at the same maximum height as the first ramp 8.

The illustrated exemplary equipment 1 further includes a plurality of guide rails that are inserted between the first and second support rails 2 and 3 and extend along the traveling direction (X) of the carriage 100.

In particular, as is better seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, the plurality of guide rails of equipment 1 are the first pair of interrelated rails, namely the first guide rail 4 and the second guide rail 5. , And a second pair of interrelated guide rails, i.e., a third guide rail 6 and a fourth guide rail 7, with the first and second guide rails 4 and 5 being the third and fourth guide rails. It is arranged between the guide rails 6 and 7.

Advantageously, the gauge changing system of the carriage 100 according to the present invention comprises at least the actuating means generally shown by reference number 220 in FIG. 5 and a plurality of movable guide elements 201, 202, 203, 204, laterally. When the directional bolster 30 moves from the descending position to the ascending position, the actuating means 220 is activated, whereby a plurality of movable guide elements are actuated and moved from the stationary position to the operating position. , 203, and 204 are slid inward and guided by the corresponding guide rails 4, 5, 6, and 7 of equipment 1.

According to one embodiment, the operating means 220 is a hydraulic operating means that hydraulically operates a plurality of movable guide elements to move from a stationary position to an operating position as described above.

Conveniently, each guide element 201, 202, 203, 204 slides inward and is guided to follow the profile of the corresponding guide rails 4, 5, 6, and 7 extending in the direction of travel (X). In this way, the first axis (Y) lateral to the traveling direction (X) of the carriage 100 until the distance between the first and second half frames 10 and 20 reaches the second mutual distance. At least one of the first and second half frames 10 and 20 is displaced along.

This second mutual distance corresponds to the second rail gauge y2.

For example, when viewed from the top surface along the traveling direction (X), the first and second guide rails 4 and 5, and correspondingly the third and fourth guide rails 6 and 7, diverge at least. Some of them are shown in FIG. 3 with reference number 50 for both pairs of rails 4-5 and 6-7. Therefore, the divergent portion of the profile of the guide rail causes an increase in the mutual distance between the first and second half frames 10 and 20 in the exemplary order shown in FIGS. Wheel sets 11 and 12 of 2 are brought in positions corresponding to wider rail gauges, such as the Central European standard gauges mentioned above.

Conveniently, in the carriage 100 according to the present invention, various guide elements 201, 202, 203 and 204 are arranged and set 11 of the first wheel from the stationary position with reference to the first axis (Y) in the lateral direction. And move to an operating position (and vice versa) that remains within the space partitioned between the set 12 of the second wheels.

In this way, it is conveniently avoided that any part of the gauge changing system protrudes outside the track of the track 110, and one of the devices installed along the rail 110 itself without infringing on the rail gauge. Does not give dangerous interference to the part.

As shown in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 6 and 7, the hydraulic actuating means 220 comprises at least a first elastic element 221 that is initiated by the movement of the lateral bolster 30 from a descending position to an ascending position. A hydraulic pressure suitable for moving at least some of the movable guide elements 201, 202, 203, 204 from their stationary position to their operating position is applied.

In particular, the hydraulic actuating means 220 further includes at least a first hydraulic container 225 containing, for example, a liquid such as oil, and at least the first elastic element 221 is housed inside the first hydraulic container 225. When the lateral bolster 30 is lifted from the precompressed position (shown in FIG. 6) when the lateral bolster 30 is in the descending position toward the ascending position. To the extension position (shown in FIG. 7), an oil suitable for moving at least a part of the plurality of movable guide elements 201, 202, 203, 204 from the stationary position to the operating position is applied. ..

According to a further embodiment, as also shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the hydraulic actuating means 220 is initiated by the movement of the lateral bolster 30 from a descending position to an ascending position and at least one of the movable guide elements. A second elastic element 222 that applies hydraulic pressure suitable for moving the portions from their stationary position to their operating position, and a second hydraulic vessel 226 containing a liquid such as oil. The elastic element 222 includes a second spring 222 housed inside the second housing container 226.

The second spring 122 moves from the pre-compression position when the lateral bolster 30 is in the descending position to the extension position when the lateral bolster 30 is lifted toward the ascending position, whereby a plurality of springs 122 are moved. It is applied by a liquid containing hydraulic pressure suitable for moving at least a portion of the movable guide element from a stationary position to an operating position.

According to an exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 5-7, the plurality of movable guide elements are attached to at least a pair of pivots, eg, a first housing cylinder 211 and a corresponding second housing cylinder 212, respectively. It comprises one pivot 201 and an associated second pivot 202. In particular, the first and second pivots 201 and 202 are along a second axis (Z) that is substantially perpendicular to both the first axis (Y) and the direction of travel (X). , Each at least partially retracted inside the first and second cylinders 211 and 212 as seen in FIG. 6, and as shown partially in FIGS. 3-4, respectively. To enter the relevant guide rails 4 and 5 of equipment 1, move to and from an operating position that is at least partially pulled out of the first and second cylinders 211 and 212, respectively, as seen in FIG. It is possible.

According to a further possible embodiment of the carriage 100 according to the invention, also shown in FIGS. 5-7, the plurality of movable guide elements are a second pair of pivots, such as a third housing cylinder 213 and. It further comprises a third pivot 203 and an associated fourth pivot 204, respectively, attached to the corresponding fourth housing cylinder 214. In particular, the third and fourth pivots 203 and 204 are along a second axis (Z) that is substantially perpendicular to both the first axis (Y) and the direction of travel (X). Third and fourth cylinders, respectively, to enter at least partially retracted stationary positions inside the third and fourth cylinders 213 and 214 and the associated guide rails 5 and 6 of equipment 1, respectively. It is movable to and from an operating position that is at least partially pulled out of 213 and 214.

According to one embodiment, the first and third housing cylinders 211 and 213 are hydraulically communicated to a first hydraulic vessel 225 containing the first spring 221 via one or more cables 228. When started following the lifting of the lateral bolster 30, the liquids contained apply hydraulic pressure to both the first and third pivots 201 and 203, which move them from their stationary position to their operating position. It is operated to move to.

According to this exemplary embodiment, the third and fourth cylinders 213 and 214 are hydraulically communicated via one or more cables 228 to a second hydraulic vessel 226 accommodating the second spring 222. When started following the lifting of the lateral bolster 30, hydraulic pressure is applied to both the second and fourth pivots 202 and 204 to move them from their stationary position to their operating position. Will be done.

The retracted and extended positions of the second and fourth pivots 202 and 204 are substantially the same as those shown for the first and third pivots 201 and 203 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, respectively.

Obviously, the solutions devised in the present invention allow a high degree of flexibility in implementing a variety of different alternatives. For example, the first hydraulic vessel 225 accommodating the first spring 221 is hydraulically communicated to the first and second housing cylinders 211 and 212 via one or more cables 228a shown by the dotted line in FIG. And when started following the lifting of the lateral bolster 30, the first and second pivots 201 and 202 can be activated and moved from their stationary position to their operating position. .. Similarly, the second hydraulic vessel 226 accommodating the second spring 222 can be hydraulically communicated to the third and fourth housing cylinders 213 and 214 via one or more similar cables 228a. When started following the lifting of the lateral bolster 30, the third and fourth pivots 203 and 204 can be actuated and moved from their stationary position to their operating position.

The first and second cylinders 211 and 212 are installed along the first telescopic bar 15 together with the first and second pivots 201 and 202, respectively, with the first telescopic bar 15 being installed, for example, in FIGS. As shown in 4, at the front of the lateral bolster 30, the first and second half frames 10 and 20 are interconnected along the lateral direction (Y).

The third and fourth cylinders 213 and 214 are installed along the second telescopic bar 25 together with the third and fourth pivots 203 and 204, respectively, with the second telescopic bar 25 being installed, for example, in FIGS. At the rear of the lateral bolster 30, the first and second half frames 10 and 20 are interconnected along the lateral direction (Y) so as to be partially visible in 4.

Preferably, the first and second housing cylinders 211 and 212 are installed along the first telescopic bar 15, and the first and second pivots 201, 202 housed therein have their axes. As a reference, they are separated from each other by a first distance measured along the first horizontal axis (Y). The third and fourth housing cylinders 213 and 214 are then installed along the second telescopic bar 25, in which the third and fourth pivots 203 and 204 accommodate their axes. As a reference, they are separated from each other by a second distance measured along the same first horizontal axis (Y).

Preferably, the second distance is longer than the first distance, as schematically shown in FIG.

In this way, while the bogie 100 is moving in the direction of travel (X), the third and fourth pivots 203 and 204 also slide inward and are guided by the corresponding guide rail profiles, respectively. In particular, the presence of the four guided pivots 201, 202, 203 and 204 prevents unwanted rotation of the carriage 100 around the vertical axis (Z), ensuring stable movement of the half frames 10 and 20, which it Eliminates, or at least reduces, the possibility of failure.

According to a possible embodiment shown schematically in FIGS. 8 and 9, the first hydraulic vessel 225, along with the first spring 221, is directed, for example, toward the first end 33 of the lateral bolster 30. It is at least partially fitted in the space provided between the lateral bolster 30 and the first half frame 10.

Next, the second hydraulic vessel 226, together with the second spring 122, has the lateral bolster 30 and the second half frame 20 toward, for example, the second opposite end 34 of the lateral bolster 30. The space provided between them is at least partially fitted and has a symmetrical configuration with respect to the first hydraulic vessel and the associated first spring 122 as shown in FIG.

In particular, the first assembly including the first hydraulic vessel 225 and the first spring 221 and the second assembly including the second hydraulic vessel 226 and the second spring 222 are lateral with respect to the traveling direction (X). Directionally The bolsters 30 are arranged symmetrically with respect to both ends 33 and 34.

Conveniently, in the trolley 100 according to the invention, the gauge changing system is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 by reference number 250 in its entirety, the first and second support rails 2 when the trolley 100 is advanced. It further comprises lifting means configured to interact with and 3 respectively, thereby lifting the directional bolster 30 from a descending position to an ascending position.

In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the lift means 250 has a first swivel arm 251 that supports at least the first mounting element and a second swivel arm 252 that supports at least the second mounting element. Including, the first and second swivel arms 251 and 252 swivel at the first side end 33 and the second opposite end 34 of the lateral bolster 30, respectively.

Preferably, at least the first mounting element comprises at least a pair of rollers 253 that are hinged to the first swivel arm 251 so that the second mounting element is pivotally hinged to the second swivel arm 252. It comprises at least another pair of rollers 254 that are pivotally hinged. The presence of at least a pair of rollers on each swivel arm guarantees mechanical redundancy, and overall more controllable bearing capacity and more reliable lateral guidance.

The first swivel arm 251 is hinged to the first side end 33 of the lateral bolster 30, and as shown in FIG. 8, the retracted position toward the main body of the lateral bolster 30 and FIG. As shown, it is reversibly movable to and from a drawer position that is swiveled away from the lateral bolster 30. At this drawer position, the first mounting element, especially the first pair of rollers 253, is stationary with respect to the first support rail 2 of equipment 1, as shown in FIGS. Moving.

Each mounting element is designed to provide redundancy and a degradation mode that rolls on the support rails in the event that at least a portion of the mounting element is damaged.

Conveniently, at least one, preferably both, of the swivel arms 251 and 252 are configured to rotate about at least a first axis (Y) laterally with respect to the direction of travel (X), respectively. Corresponding supports, especially while the first and second mounting elements 253 and 254 of the rails 2 and 3 are rolling on the ascending and descending portions 8 and 9 of the rails 2 and 3 themselves, especially while they are moving. It is in constant contact with rails 2 and 3.

Usefully, at least one of the swivel arms 251 and 252, preferably both, is also configured to rotate about an axis defined by the direction of travel (X), thus providing an additional degree of movement.

Similarly, the second swivel arm 252 is hinged to the second opposite end 34 of the lateral bolster 30 (similar to that shown in FIG. 8 for the first swivel arm 251). ) Between the retracted position towards the body of the lateral bolster 30 and the drawer position swiveled away from the lateral bolster 30 as shown in FIG. 9 for the first swivel arm 251. It can move reversibly. At this drawer position, the second mounting element, especially the second pair of rollers 254, is stationary with respect to the second support rail 3 of equipment 1, as shown in FIGS. Moving.

According to an exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the lift means 250 comprises a first actuating mechanism and a second actuating means, the first swivel arm 251 and the second swivel arm 252, respectively. Is activated to move between the respective pull-in and pull-out positions as described above.

According to a possible embodiment, the first and second actuating mechanisms are substantially identical to each other and symmetrically with respect to the direction of travel (X) at the two opposing ends 33 and 34 of the lateral bolster 30. Be placed. Therefore, in the relevant figures, for simplicity, only the first actuating means located at the first end 33 of the bolster 30 is shown and is described herein.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the first actuating mechanism is connected to the first swivel arm 251 and is partially housed in a cylinder 261 which can also accommodate the associated return spring 262. An elbow-shaped lock / unlock lever 263, for example, an elbow-shaped lock / unlock lever 263 that is hinged to the lateral bolster 30 away from the piston 260 and the first swivel arm 251 to lock / from the bolster 30 itself in the lowered position. A hook suitable for engaging the corresponding portion 35 of the bolster and advantageously the corresponding half frame 10 for unlocking, in particular for locking / unlocking the corresponding swivel arm from / to the retracted position. It comprises a lock / unlock lever 263 having a portion 264 and an interconnect lever 265, eg, a curved lever, interconnect lever 265 that interconnects the first swivel arm 251 with the lock / unlock lever 263. .. In particular, the interconnect lever 265, the first swivel arm 251 and the piston 260, and the lock / unlock lever 263 move firmly together, for example, when the first actuating mechanism is actuated by the operator.

Obviously, as shown above, the second actuating mechanism located at the opposite end 34 of the lateral bolster 30 is the same component that operates in substantially the same way, i.e. the second swivel. A second actuating piston 260 connected to the arm 251 and partially housed in the cylinder 261 along with the second return spring 262 and hinged to the lateral bolster 30 away from the second swivel arm 252. In addition, in the second lock / unlock 263, in order to lock / unlock the bolster 30 itself from / to the descending position, in particular, to lock / unlock the corresponding swivel arm from / to the retracted position. A second lock / unlock 263 and a second interconnect, each provided with a corresponding portion 35 of the bolster 30 and preferably a corresponding hook portion 264 suitable for engaging with the corresponding half frame 20. When the lever 265, for example a curved lever, interconnects the second swivel arm 252 with the second elbow-shaped lever 263 and, for example, the second actuating mechanism is actuated by the operator together with the first actuating mechanism. The second swing arm 252 and the second elbow-shaped lever 263 both include a second interconnect lever 265 that moves firmly together by the second interconnect lever 265.

In practice, if a railroad vehicle, including the bogie 100 according to the present invention, is approaching a section of railroad track 110 where the rail gauge is changed, for example, the driver on board the vehicle itself may have lift means 250, especially the lift means 250. The first and second actuating means can be actuated by, for example, any suitable control system.

Thus, each actuating piston 260, by sliding, causes the first and second swivel arms 251 and 252 to swivel, which are withdrawn from their retracted positions shown in FIG. Move to position.

In this movement, the two elbow-shaped levers 263 rotate around their respective hinge points, respectively, via the interconnect curved lever 265. Therefore, each of those hook portions 264 is disengaged from the related portion 35 of the lateral bolster 30 and unlocked from the lowered position.

Next, when the railroad vehicle enters the area of equipment 1, the roller 253 of the first swivel arm 251 comes to rest and slides with respect to the first support rail 2, and the roller 254 of the second swivel arm 252 becomes stationary. , Stand still and slide against the second support rail 3.

In this way, when the rollers move along the ascending portion 8 of the support rails 2 and 3, the lateral bolster 30 is unlocked from its previous position corresponding to the first rail gauge (relative to the lateral bolster). Lifted onto two half frames 10 and 20 (unfixed).

Therefore, the first and second springs 221 and 222 are started and, as described above, hydraulic pressure is provided to the first, second, third and fourth pivots 201, 202, 203 and 204 from the stationary position. It is actuated to move to an operating position that enters each of the corresponding guide rails 4, 5, 6 and 7.

As a result, the four pivots 201-204 slide inside the profiles of the four guide rails 4-7 while the railcar continues to move along the direction (X), by the profiles of the four guide rails 4-7. Guided and thus, as shown in FIG. 4, mutual displacement of the two half frames 10 and 20 is caused until the position corresponding to the second rail gauge is reached.

Next, when the railroad vehicle tries to leave the area of equipment 1, the rollers 253 and 254 move along the descending portion 9 of the support rails 2 and 3. As a result, the lateral bolster 30 is lowered until it presses the two half frames 10 and 20 into new positions to secure them.

The lifting means can return from the position shown in FIG. 9 to the position shown in FIG. 8, and the hook portion 264 engages each corresponding portion 35 and thus locks the lateral bolster 30 back into the lowered position. do.

Therefore, from the above description, the bogie 100 according to the present invention can effectively change the gauge while the railroad vehicle is traveling along the railroad track, so that the intended purpose can be achieved. Is clear.

The solution devised in this way has no components that violate the rail gauge, is mechanically stable, and is lateral along the lateral axis (Y) with respect to the direction of travel (X). It allows for proper control of displacement and can cause, or at least substantially minimize, unwanted vibrations and rotations around a vertical axis (Z) perpendicular to the direction of travel (X).

These results are achieved according to solutions that are easy to use and implement in different types of vehicles, such as freight and passenger transport. Accordingly, the present invention also includes rail vehicles, including one or more bogies 100, as claimed in the appended claims, as described above.

The dolly 100 thus devised can be affected by modifications and modifications, all of which are within the concept of the invention, particularly defined by the appended claims, and the aforementioned embodiments. Or contemplate any possible combination of parts. For example, in connection with a particular application, some of the components or parts described may have a different shape or arrangement than those described. Alternatively, the number of components may differ from those described. Guided pivots 201-204 can move substantially vertically along a second horizontal axis (Z), or an axis tilted with respect to the vertical direction shown in the illustrated exemplary embodiments. You can move along. Each elastic element is associated with a different number of guide elements and can cause its operation.

Moreover, it is possible to replace all the details with technically equivalent elements.

1 Gauge change equipment 2 1st support rail 3 2nd support rail 4 1st guide rail 5 2nd guide rail 6 3rd guide rail 7 4th guide rail 10 1st half frame 15 1st Telescopic bar 20 Second half frame 25 Second telescopic bar 30 Lateral bolster 32 Coupling pivot 100 trolley 110 Railroad line 201, 202, 203, 204 Movable guide element 211 First housing cylinder 212 Second housing cylinder 213 Second 3 Housing Cylinder 214 4th Housing Cylinder 220 Hydraulic Actuating Means 221 First Elastic Element 222 Second Elastic Element 225 First Hydraulic Container 226 Second Hydraulic Container 228 Cable 250 Lift Means 251 First Swing Arm 252 Second swivel arm 253, 254 Roller 260 Actuating piston 261 Cylinder 263 Elbow-shaped lever 263 Lock / unlock lever 264 Hook part 265 Interconnect lever

Claims (15)

A bogie (100) for railroad cars,
A first half frame (10) supporting a first wheel set (11) and a second half frame (20) supporting a second wheel set (12), the railroad track (110). ) Along the first and second half frames (10, 20) movably connected to each other along the first axis (Y) in the lateral direction with respect to the traveling direction (X) of the carriage. ,
The lateral bolster (30) is a descending position in which the first and second half frames (10, 20) are mounted and locked, and the first and second half frames are the first. A lateral movable position between a descending position at a first mutual distance corresponding to a rail gauge and an ascending position unlocked from the first and second half frames (10, 20) and lifted up. Direction bolster (30) and
A plurality of guide rails (4,5,6,7) arranged along the railroad track (110), the first support rail (2) and the second support rail (3), and intervening between them. A gauge change system suitable for interacting with the gauge change equipment (1)
With
The gauge changing system (200) comprises at least an actuating means (220) and a plurality of movable guide elements (201, 202, 203, 204) from the lowered position of the lateral bolster (30) to the raised position. Upon movement, the actuating means is activated, the plurality of movable guide elements are actuated, and each guide element slides inward from a stationary position, corresponding to the plurality of guide rails (4,5,6,7). Moved to an operating position guided by a guide rail, and by a guided slide of the plurality of movable guide elements within the corresponding guide rail, between the first and second half frames corresponding to the second rail gauge. At least one of the first and second half frames (10, 20) is displaced along the first axis (Y) across the traveling direction (X) until the second mutual distance is reached. A dolly (100) characterized by. The movable guide elements (201, 202, 203, 204) are arranged with respect to the first axis (Y) that crosses the traveling direction (X), and the first wheel set (11) and the said. The carriage (100) according to claim 1, which moves from the stationary position to the operating position while staying in the space defined between the second wheel sets (12). The actuating means is a hydraulic actuating means (220) and is started by the movement of the lateral bolster (30) from the descending position to the ascending position, and the plurality of movable guide elements (201, 202, 203) are started. , 204). (100). The hydraulic actuating means (220) includes at least a first hydraulic container (225) containing a liquid, and the at least first elastic element (221) is housed in the first hydraulic container (225). A first spring configured to move from a precompressed position when the lateral bolster (30) is in the lowered position to an extended position when the lateral bolster (30) is moved to the raised position. (221), and thus the liquid provides a suitable hydraulic pressure to move the at least first subset of the plurality of movable guide elements (201, 202, 203, 204) from the stationary position to the operating position. The trolley (100) according to claim 3, which is added. The hydraulic actuating means (220) includes a second elastic element (222) that is started by the movement of the lateral bolster (30) from the descending position to the ascending position, and the plurality of movable guide elements (201, The carriage (100) according to claim 4, wherein at least a second subset of 202, 203, 204) is subjected to a hydraulic pressure suitable for moving from the stationary position to the operating position. The plurality of movable guide elements include at least a first pivot (201) and an associated second pivot (202) mounted within a first housing cylinder (211) and a corresponding second housing cylinder (212). A stationary position that is at least partially retracted into the respective first and second housing cylinders (211,212), respectively, and at least partially the respective first and second housing cylinders (211, 211, respectively). The first axis (Y) is drawn between the first guide rail (4) of the equipment (1) and the operating position which is pulled out of the 212) and enters the second guide rail (5) of each. ) And the carriage (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is movable along a second axis (Z) across the traveling direction (X). The plurality of movable guide elements include a third pivot (203) and an associated fourth pivot (204) mounted within a third housing cylinder (213) and a corresponding fourth housing cylinder (214). Further provided, a stationary position that is at least partially retracted into the respective third and fourth housing cylinders (213,214) and at least partially the respective first and second housing cylinders (213,214), respectively. The first axis is pulled out of 213,214) and between the operating position of the equipment (1) into the third guide rail (6) and the respective fourth guide rail (7). The carriage (100) according to claim 6, which is movable along the second axis (Z) across the (Y) and the traveling direction (X). Since the first hydraulic container (225) is hydraulically connected to the first and third housing cylinders (211, 213), the first spring (221) moves from the precompression position to the extension position. In claim 7, quoting claim 4, at least the first and third pivots (201,203) are subjected to a suitable hydraulic pressure to move from their stationary position to their operating position. The described trolley (100). The hydraulic actuating means (220) includes a second hydraulic container (226) containing a liquid, and the at least the second elastic element (221) is housed in the second hydraulic container (226). A second spring configured to move from the precompressed position when the lateral bolster (30) is in the descending position to the extended position when the lateral bolster (30) is moved to the ascending position. 222), and thus the liquid adds a hydraulic pressure suitable for moving at least the second subset of the plurality of movable guide elements (201, 202, 203, 204) from the stationary position to the operating position. The trolley (100) according to claim 5. A first telescopic bar (15) and a first telescopic bar (15) interconnecting the first and second half frames (10, 20) at the front and rear of the bogie along the first axis (Y). With two telescopic bars (25), the first and second housing cylinders (211,212) are mounted along the first telescopic bar (15) at a first distance apart from each other. The third and fourth housing cylinders (213,214) are mounted along the second telescopic bar (25) at a second distance different from the first distance. , The trolley (100) according to claim 7. The gauge changing system (200) further comprises a lifting means configured to mechanically interact with the gauge changing equipment (1) to move the lateral bolster (30) between a descending position and an ascending position. The trolley (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10. The lift means includes a first swivel arm (251) that supports at least the first mounting element (253) and a second swivel arm (252) that supports at least the second mounting element (254). The first and second swivel arms (251,252) are attached to the first side end portion (33) and the second opposite side end portion (33, 34) of the lateral bolster (30). It is hinged and can be reversibly moved between a retracted position toward the lateral bolster (30) and a drawer position away from the lateral bolster (30), respectively. The mounting element (253) of 1 is mounted on the first support rail (2), moves relative to the first support rail (2), and at least the second mounting element (2). The carriage (100) according to claim 11, wherein the 254) is mounted on the second support rail (3) of the gauge changing equipment (1) and moves with respect to the second support rail (3). ). The first and second swivel arms (251,252) are configured to rotate about at least the first axis (Y) across the traveling direction (X) and the at least the first mounting element. (253) and the at least the second mounting element (254) are on the ascending portion (8) or descending portion (9) of the first support rail (2) and the respective second support rail (3). When traveling along, the at least the first mounting element (253) and the at least the second mounting element (254) are the first support rail (2) and the respective second support rail (25). The trolley (100) according to claim 12, which remains in contact with 3). The lift means is a first actuating mechanism for actuating the first swivel arm (251) and the respective second swivel arm (252) to move between the retracted position and the drawer position. And a second actuating mechanism, the first and second actuating mechanisms, respectively.
An actuating piston (260) connected to each of the first or second swivel arms (251,252) and
A lock / unlock lever (263) hinged to the lateral bolster (30) and separated from the respective first or second swivel arm (251,252), the lateral bolster (30). A lock / unlock lever (263) comprising a hook portion (264) suitable for engaging / disengaging the related portion (35) to lock / unlock the lowered position.
An interconnect lever (265) that interconnects the lock / unlock lever (263) to the respective first or second swivel arm (251,252).
At least
The lock / unlock lever (263), the interconnect lever (265), the actuating piston (260), and the respective first or second swivel arm of the first or second actuating mechanism, respectively. (251,252) is the carriage (100) according to claim 12 or 13, which moves together with each other. A railway vehicle comprising at least one bogie (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

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