JP2021148140A - Drive unit and vehicle having the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a drive unit which can lubricate a motor accommodation chamber and a transmission accommodation chamber even if a vehicle is turned and inclined, and the vehicle having the same.SOLUTION: A drive unit lubricated by a lubrication medium 7 in which a gear mechanism and a rotating electric machine are combined with each other comprises: a lubrication medium pump; a first chamber 5M in which the gear mechanism is accommodated; a second chamber 4R having the rotating machine; a lubrication medium distribution chamber 9 having first distribution ports 9c, 9d to the first chamber 5M, and a second distribution port 9b to the second chamber 4R; a lubrication medium communication path for connecting the first chamber 5M and the second chamber 4R; and a lubrication medium suction port arranged at either of a lower part of the first chamber 5M or a lower part of the second chamber 4R. When inclining or turning the drive unit so that either of the first chamber 5M or the second chamber 4R is set to an upper side, and the other is set at a lower side, the lubrication medium distribution chamber 9 is arranged with the one-side distribution ports 9c, 9d set at the lower part, and the other distribution port 9b set at an upper part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

The present invention relates to a drive device and a vehicle including the drive device.

In recent years, motor-driven automobiles have been widely marketed.
A motor-driven automobile includes, for example, a motor storage chamber in which a motor of a drive source is housed, and a mission storage room in which a reduction mechanism for transmitting the rotational power of the motor to drive wheels, a differential gear, and the like are housed.
Lubricating oil is supplied to the motor, the reduction mechanism, and the differential gear. By supplying lubricating oil, the motor, reduction mechanism, differential gear, etc. are lubricated and cooled, and normal operation can be maintained.

Therefore, an oil passage is provided below the motor storage chamber and the mission storage chamber. Lubricating oil supplied to the motor and the reduction mechanism and the differential gear is stored in the oil passage.
The oil passage and the mission storage chamber are connected by an opening near the drive wheels of the mission storage chamber. A lubricating oil suction port is provided below the transmission storage chamber near the motor storage chamber. Lubricating oil is pumped from the lubricating oil suction port by an oil pump and supplied to the circulation medium distribution chamber.

The lubricating oil supplied to the circulation medium distribution chamber is supplied to the motor storage chamber from the motor storage port of the circulation medium distribution chamber, while being supplied to the mission storage chamber from the differential bearing port and the differential tooth surface opening of the circulation medium distribution chamber. Has been done.

Japanese Patent No. 6284628

By the way, in the automobile having the above configuration, when turning left, the oil level supplied to the motor storage chamber and the mission storage chamber changes, and the oil passage and the mission storage chamber are separated. At this time, the oil sump in the motor storage chamber and the oil sump in the mission storage chamber in the circulation medium distribution chamber are separated.
When the vehicle turns to the left, the differential bearing port and the differential tooth surface port are located above the motor storage port in the circulation medium distribution chamber. Therefore, the lubricating oil continues to be supplied to the motor storage chamber side from the differential bearing port and the motor storage port below the differential tooth surface opening.

At this time, by holding the oil in the mission storage chamber, the gears and bearings in the mission storage chamber are lubricated. On the other hand, if the oil pool on the mission side is exhausted, the mission storage chamber may not be able to be lubricated.

Therefore, it is desired that the lubrication of the motor storage chamber and the mission storage chamber when the automobile is turned or tilted is maintained even if the amount of lubricating oil is reduced.
That is, the structure is such that the lubricating oil is held in the mission storage chamber when turning left, but due to the restriction of the lubricating oil passage structure, the lubricating oil may be required on the side where the mission storage chamber is located.

In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide a drive device capable of lubricating the motor storage chamber and the mission storage chamber even when the vehicle is turning or tilting, and a vehicle provided with the drive device.

In order to achieve the above object, the first drive device of the present invention is a drive device in which a gear mechanism and a rotary electric machine are combined and lubricated with a lubrication medium, and a lubrication medium pump that sends the lubrication medium and the gears. The lubrication medium is sent to the first chamber in which the mechanism is housed, the second chamber in which the rotary electric machine is housed, the first distribution path port where the lubrication medium is sent to the first chamber, and the second chamber. A lubrication medium distribution chamber having a second distribution passage port, a lubrication medium communication passage connecting the first chamber and the second chamber, and either the lower part of the first chamber or the lower part of the second chamber. When the drive device is tilted or swiveled so that one of the first chamber or the second chamber is on the upper side and the other is on the lower side, the lubricating medium distribution chamber is provided with the provided lubricating medium suction port. Places the one distribution port at the bottom and the other distribution at the top.

The second vehicle of the present invention comprises the first drive device of the present invention.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a drive device capable of lubricating the motor storage chamber and the mission storage chamber even when the vehicle is turning or tilting, and a vehicle provided with the same.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a vehicle equipped with a drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I of the vehicle of FIG. 1 of the drive device of the embodiment. The figure which shows the path which supplies the lubricating oil in a drive device to a motor storage chamber and a mission storage chamber. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 3 of the circulation medium distribution chamber. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I of the drive device in the vehicle of FIG. 1 when the vehicle turns left (inclined downward to the right). FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II in FIG. 3 of the circulation medium distribution chamber immediately after the vehicle starts turning left. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II in FIG. 3 of the circulation medium distribution chamber when the vehicle is in a steady left turn.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a vehicle S equipped with a drive device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the following figure, the right side as seen from the vehicle S side is the right side, and the left side is the left side.
The drive device 1 according to the embodiment is mounted on the vehicle S, for example, and constitutes a drive source.
The vehicle S has a right front wheel 2fr and a left front wheel 2fl in the front portion, and has a right rear wheel 2rr and a left rear wheel 2rl in the rear portion.

The vehicle S is an electric vehicle that drives the right front wheel 2fr and the left front wheel 2fl.
FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line I of the vehicle S of FIG. 1 of the drive device 1 of the embodiment.
The motor 4 of the drive device 1 drives the left front wheel 2fl and the like.
The left drive shaft 3d for driving the left front wheel 2fl is connected to a center shaft 3c provided in the drive device 1.
The rotational power of the motor 4 is transmitted to the left drive shaft 3d via the reduction mechanism 5 and the differential gear 6, and the left front wheel 2fl is driven.

The speed reduction mechanism 5 reduces the rotational movement of the motor 4 to a required rotational speed and torque. The differential gear 6 distributes the rotational power of the reduction mechanism 5 to the power required for the right front wheel 2fr.
The drive device 1 includes a motor storage chamber 4R and a mission storage chamber 5M.
The motor 4 is housed in the motor storage chamber 4R. The motor 4 has a rotor 4r and a starter 4s.
The rotor 4r is composed of an electromagnetic steel plate laminated with a permanent magnet and is fixed to a center shaft 3c.

In the status 4s, the coil 4s2 is wound around the laminated electromagnetic steel sheet 4s1. The status 4s rotates the rotor 4r by a rotating magnetic field.
The reduction mechanism 5 and the differential gear 6 are housed in the mission storage chamber 5M.
The motor 4 of the motor storage chamber 4R, the reduction mechanism 5 of the transmission storage chamber 5M, and the differential gear 6 are lubricated and cooled by the lubricating cooling medium 7 (hereinafter referred to as lubricating oil 7) (see FIG. 2). .. The lubricating oil 7 is shared by the motor 4 of the motor storage chamber 4R, the reduction mechanism 5 of the transmission storage chamber 5M, and the differential gear 6.

At the lower part of the motor storage chamber 4R, a motor oil reservoir 4o in which the lubricating oil 7 is accumulated is provided. The stator 4s at the bottom of the motor 4 is immersed in the lubricating oil 7 of the motor oil sump 4o.
At the lower part of the mission storage chamber 5M, a mission oil reservoir 5o in which the lubricating oil 7 is accumulated is provided. The lower parts of the reduction gears 5 and the differential gears 6 are immersed in the lubricating oil 7 of the transmission oil pool 5o. The lubricating oil 7 of the transmission oil sump 5o is scraped up by the gears of the speed reduction mechanism 5 and the differential gear 6 to lubricate and cool the oil.

Below the motor storage chamber 4R and the mission storage chamber 5M, an oil communication passage 8 is provided through which the lubricating oil 7 of the motor oil sump 4o and the lubricating oil 7 of the mission oil sump 5o flow.
The mission oil sump 5o communicates with the oil communication passage 8 through the opening 5o1. Therefore, the lubricating oil 7 passes through the opening 5o1 and moves back and forth between the mission oil sump 5o and the oil communication passage 8.
The motor oil sump 4o communicates with the oil communication passage 8. Therefore, the lubricating oil 7 goes back and forth between the motor oil sump 4o and the oil communication passage 8.

The transmission oil sump 5o is provided with a lubricating oil suction port 5o2 for supplying the lubricating oil 7 to the motor storage chamber 4R and the mission storage chamber 5M.
FIG. 3 shows paths 8a1, 8a2, 8b, 8c, and 8d for supplying the lubricating oil 7 in the drive device 1 to the motor storage chamber 4R and the transmission storage chamber 5M.

FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 3 of the circulation medium distribution chamber 9.
The lubricating oil 7 is sucked up from the lubricating oil suction port 5o2 (see FIG. 2) of the mission oil reservoir 5o through the path 8a1 by the oil pump 10, and is sucked up through the path 8a2 from the lubricating oil supply port 9a (see FIG. 4). It is sent to the circulation medium distribution chamber 9.

The path 8b shown in FIG. 3 is a path for supplying the lubricating oil 7 to the differential bearing of the mission storage chamber 5M.
The path 8c is a path for supplying the lubricating oil 7 to the tooth surface of the differential gear of the mission storage chamber 5M.
The path 8d is a path for supplying the lubricating oil 7 to the motor storage chamber 4R.

The circulation medium distribution chamber 9 shown in FIG. 4 is provided with a distribution chamber 9r in which the lubricating oil 7 is housed.
In the distribution chamber 9r of the circulation medium distribution chamber 9, a lubricating oil supply port 9a, a motor oil passage opening 9b, a differential bearing opening 9c, and a differential tooth surface opening 9d are opened.
The lubricating oil supply port 9a is a supply port for supplying the lubricating oil 7 to the circulation medium distribution chamber 9, and a path 8a2 (see FIG. 3) leading to the oil pump 10 is connected to the lubricating oil supply port 9a.
The motor oil passage opening 9b is a supply port for supplying the lubricating oil 7 to the motor storage chamber 4R (see FIG. 2). The motor oil passage opening 9b is connected to a path 8d (see FIG. 3) leading to the motor storage chamber 4R.

The differential bearing opening 9c is connected to a path 8b (see FIG. 3) toward the differential bearing in the mission storage chamber 5M.
The differential tooth surface opening 9d is connected to a path 8c (see FIG. 3) toward the differential gear tooth surface of the mission storage chamber 5M.

FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line I of the drive device 1 in the vehicle S of FIG. 1 when the vehicle S turns to the left (inclined downward to the right). The back side of the paper surface of FIG. 5 is the front side of the vehicle S, and the front side of the paper surface of FIG. 5 is the rear side of the vehicle S.
When the vehicle S turns to the left (inclines downward to the right), the oil level 7a located above the lubricating oil 7 in the motor oil sump 4o in the motor storage chamber 4R inclines downward on the right side. Further, the oil level 7b located above the lubricating oil 7 in the mission oil sump 5o in the mission storage chamber 5M tilts downward on the right side. That is, when turning to the left, the lubricating oil 7 is separated into the oil levels 7a and 7b, respectively, and the oil communication passage 8 and the mission storage chamber 5M are separated. By holding the lubricating oil 7 in the mission oil reservoir 5o of the mission storage chamber 5M, the gears and bearings in the mission storage chamber 5M are lubricated.

FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 3 of the circulation medium distribution chamber 9 immediately after the vehicle S starts turning left.
FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 3 of the circulation medium distribution chamber 9 when the vehicle S is in a steady left turn.
As shown in FIG. 5, when the vehicle S turns to the left (inclined downward to the right), as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the oil pump 10 (see FIG. 3) is operated in the circulation medium distribution chamber 9. , The lubricating oil 7 is supplied from the lubricating oil supply port 9a through the path 8a2.

Then, when the vehicle S turns to the left (inclines downward to the right), the differential bearing opening 9c and the differential tooth surface opening 9d that supply the lubricating oil 7 to the mission storage chamber 5M in the circulation medium distribution chamber 9 are motorized. It is provided below the motor oil passage opening 9b that supplies the lubricating oil 7 to the storage chamber 4R. In other words, when the vehicle S turns to the left (inclines downward to the right), the motor oil passage opening 9b that supplies the lubricating oil 7 to the motor storage chamber 4R supplies the lubricating oil 7 to the mission storage chamber 5M. It is provided above the differential bearing opening 9c and the differential tooth surface opening 9d.

Further, when the vehicle S turns to the left (inclines downward to the right), in the circulation medium distribution chamber 9, the lubricating oil supply port 9a of the introduction portion for entering the lubricating oil 7 from the oil pump 10 is provided with a differential bearing opening 9c and a differential. It is provided below the tooth surface opening 9d and the motor oil passage opening 9b. As a result, the lubricating oil 7 is filled from the lower differential bearing opening 9c and the differential tooth surface opening 9d, so that the transmission storage chamber 5M side of one distribution path is surely supplied before the motor storage chamber 4R side. Can receive. Therefore, even with a small amount of lubricating oil 7, the lubricating oil 7 can be supplied in preference to the mission storage chamber 5M.

Immediately after the start of turning left of the vehicle S, the oil sump 5o of the mission storage chamber 5M and the oil sump 4o of the motor storage chamber 4R are separated as shown in FIG. And the lubricating oil 7 to the motor storage chamber 4R continues to be supplied. Therefore, the amount of oil in the oil sump 5o in the mission storage chamber 5M decreases, the discharge amount of the oil pump 10 decreases, and the oil level 7c (broken line arrow in FIG. 6) in the distribution chamber 9r begins to decrease.

Immediately after the start of turning left of the vehicle S shown in FIG. 6, the oil level 7c of the lubricating oil 7 opens the differential bearing opening of the lubricating oil supply port 9a to the motor storage chamber 4R and the distribution path opening of the lubricating oil 7 to the mission storage chamber 5M. The portion 9c is located above the differential tooth surface opening 9d.
Therefore, the lubricating oil 7 supplied to the circulation medium distribution chamber 9 is supplied to the motor storage chamber 4R from the motor oil passage opening 9b through the path 8d (see FIG. 3) (arrow α11 in FIG. 6).

Further, the lubricating oil 7 in the circulation medium distribution chamber 9 is supplied to the mission storage chamber 5M from the differential bearing opening 9c and the differential tooth surface opening 9d through the paths 8b and 8c (see FIG. 3) (FIG. 6). Arrows α12, α13). As a result, the motor 4 of the motor storage chamber 4R, the reduction mechanism 5 of the transmission storage chamber 5M, and the differential gear 6 are smoothly lubricated and cooled by the lubricating oil 7.

When the vehicle S reaches the left turning steady state (see FIG. 7), the oil level 7d in the distribution chamber 9r drops, and the oil passage (motor oil passage opening 9b) to the motor storage chamber 4R side becomes above the oil level 7d. , Lubricating oil 7 does not flow to the motor storage chamber 4R side.

At this point, the lubricating oil 7 of the mission storage chamber 5M and the motor storage chamber 4R is completely separated (see FIG. 5). However, as shown in FIG. 7, when the vehicle S turns to the left, the opening of the oil passage (motor oil passage opening 9b) connected to the side of the motor storage chamber 4R of the lubricating medium distribution chamber 9 is the other motor storage chamber 4R. It is set to be higher than the opening of the oil passage to (diff bearing opening 9c, diff tooth surface opening 9d). As a result, when the height of the oil level 7d (see FIG. 7) in the distribution chamber 9r of the circulation medium distribution chamber 9 becomes low, the oil passage to the motor storage chamber 4R side is cut off, giving priority to the mission storage chamber 5M. Lubricating oil 7 can flow (arrows α21 and α22 in FIG. 7).

The lubricating oil 7 of the circulation medium distribution chamber 9 is supplied from the differential bearing opening 9c and the differential tooth surface opening 9d to the mission storage chamber 5M through the paths 8b and 8c (see FIG. 3). Therefore, the lubricating oil 7 can be smoothly supplied to the mission storage chamber 5M even when the vehicle S shown in FIGS. 5 and 7 is in a steady left turn. Therefore, immediately after the vehicle S starts turning left (see FIG. 6) and when the vehicle S is stationary turning left (see FIG. 7), the reduction mechanism 5 and the differential gear 6 of the transmission storage chamber 5M can be smoothly lubricated and cooled.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, a large amount of lubricating oil 7 is stored in the motor oil reservoir 4o of the motor storage chamber 4R during the left turning steady state. Therefore, the lubricating oil 7 can be immersed in a part of the starter 4s and the rotor 4r of the motor 4 to lubricate and cool the starter 4s and the rotor 4r.
According to the above configuration, lubrication is possible even when tilting or turning without causing a shortage of lubricating oil 7 in the mission storage chamber 5M.
Therefore, even when the vehicle S is turned or tilted when the amount of lubricating oil 7 is small, the supply of lubricating oil can be maintained for the motor 4 of the motor storage chamber 4R, the reduction mechanism 5 of the transmission storage chamber 5M, the differential gear 6, and the like. ..

<< Other Embodiments >>
1. 1. In the above embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, in the drive device 1, the motor storage chamber 4R is arranged on the right side, the mission storage chamber 5M is arranged on the left side, and the opening 5o1 and the lubricating oil suction port 5o2 are arranged. The case where it is provided is illustrated.
On the other hand, when the mission storage chamber 5M is arranged on the right side and the motor storage chamber 4R is arranged on the left side to provide an opening (5o1) and a lubricating oil suction port (5o2), the circulation medium distribution chamber 9 may be provided. The motor oil passage opening 9b for supplying the lubricating oil 7 to the motor storage chamber 4R is provided above the differential bearing opening 9c and the differential tooth surface opening 9d for supplying the lubricating oil 7 to the mission storage chamber 5M. In this case as well, the lubricating oil 7 can be smoothly supplied to the mission storage chamber 5M even when the vehicle S is turning left (sloping downward to the right) at a steady state.

2. In the above embodiment, the case where the lubricating oil suction port 5o2 of the supply port of the lubricating oil 7 is provided in the mission storage chamber 5M has been illustrated, but it may be provided in the motor oil reservoir 4o of the motor storage chamber 4R.

3. 3. In the above embodiment, a four-wheeled vehicle is exemplified as a vehicle, but it has a drive device having the same configuration as the drive device 1 described in the above embodiment, such as a large vehicle such as a bus or a truck, or a special vehicle such as a crane or a bulldozer. If it is a vehicle, it can be widely applied.

4. The above-described embodiment has been described by way of exemplifying an example of the present invention, and various other specific embodiments are possible within the scope of the claims.

1 Drive device 4 Motor (rotary machine)
4R motor storage room (second room)
5 Gear mechanism 5M Mission storage room (1st room)
5o2 Lubricating oil suction port (lubricating medium suction port)
6 Gear mechanism 7 Lubricating medium
7c, 7d Oil level (Liquid level of lubrication medium in oil level lubrication medium distribution chamber)
8 Oil passage (lubrication medium passage)
9 Lubricating medium distribution chamber 9a Lubricating oil supply port (introduction part)
9b Motor oil passage opening (second distribution passage opening, other distribution passage opening)
9c differential bearing opening (first distribution port, one distribution port)
9d differential tooth surface opening (first distribution path opening, one distribution path opening)
10 Oil pump (lubrication medium pump)
S vehicle

Claims (4)

A drive device in which a gear mechanism and a rotary electric machine are combined and lubricated with a lubricating medium.
The lubricating medium pump that sends the lubricating medium and
The first chamber in which the gear mechanism is housed and
The second room in which the rotary electric machine is stored and
A lubrication medium distribution chamber having a first distribution passage port to which the lubrication medium is sent to the first chamber and a second distribution passage port to which the lubrication medium is sent to the second chamber.
A lubrication medium communication passage connecting the first chamber and the second chamber,
It is provided with a lubricating medium suction port provided in either the lower part of the first chamber or the lower part of the second chamber.
When the drive device is tilted or swiveled so that one of the first chamber or the second chamber is on the upper side and the other is on the lower side.
The lubricating medium distribution chamber is
A drive device characterized in that one of the distribution passage ports is arranged below and the other distribution passage opening is arranged above. In the drive device according to claim 1,
The lubricating medium distribution chamber is
The introduction part for inserting the lubricating medium from the lubricating medium pump
A drive device provided below the first distribution path opening to the first chamber and the second distribution path opening to the second chamber. In the drive device according to claim 1 or 2.
A drive device characterized in that the liquid level of the lubricating medium in the lubricating medium distribution chamber is located above one of the distribution passage ports. A vehicle comprising the drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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