JP2021139125A - Structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a structure capable of reducing a cost.SOLUTION: A structure composed of a plurality of pieces, comprises a first piece 10 and a second piece 20. The first piece includes a first horizontal member 10A and a first crossing member 10B crossing the first horizontal member at a first angle except for a right angle. The second piece includes a second horizontal member 20A and a second crossing member 20B crossing the second horizontal member at a second angle except for a right angle and the first angle, and has a part where the first horizontal member and the second horizontal member are joined.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a structure.

A column-beam joint structure is known in which a joint is constructed without using an iron plate such as a gusset plate by forming columns and beams into a multi-layer structure in which wooden plates are stacked (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .. Further, by joining a plurality of such column-beam joining structures, a frame (structure) having a pure rigid frame structure can be constructed (see a comparative example described later).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-203321

However, since the beam-column joint structure as described above is a combination of three layers, one on the outside and one on the inside, in order to pass an oblique brace (bracing), one or more layers are further combined. It needs to be, and it becomes too wide to be realistic. Therefore, it is necessary to make each member constituting the structure large (thick), which causes a problem that the cost is high.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to reduce the cost by reducing the size of the member.

In order to achieve such an object, the structure of the present invention is a structure composed of a plurality of pieces, and has a first piece and a second piece, and the first piece includes a first horizontal member and a first horizontal member. A first crossing member that intersects the first horizontal member at a first angle excluding a right angle is provided, and the second piece is the second horizontal member at a right angle and a second angle excluding the first angle. It is characterized in that it includes a second crossing member that intersects with the two horizontal members, and has a portion where the first horizontal member and the second horizontal member are joined.

According to such a structure, the columns can be formed diagonally, so that when a horizontal load is applied, the axial force of the columns can resist (the same effect as the brace can be obtained). Therefore, the size of the member can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

In such a structure, the first crossing member is longer than the second crossing member, the first piece intersects the first crossing member, and the angle formed in the horizontal direction is the second angle. A third crossing member may be further provided, and the third crossing member may be joined to the second crossing member of the second piece.

According to such a structure, a desired pattern (repeating pattern) can be formed.

In such a structure, the first piece may be an inverted version of the second piece with the vertical direction as an axis.

According to such a structure, members having the same configuration can be used for the first piece and the second piece.

In such a structure, a plurality of the first piece and the second piece are provided, and the first crossing members of the adjacent first piece are connected to each other, and the adjacent second piece is said to have the same structure. It is desirable to further have a joint piece that connects the second crossing members to each other.

According to such a structure, a desired pattern (repeating pattern) can be formed by the first piece, the second piece, and the joint piece.

In such a structure, it is desirable that one of the first angle and the second angle is larger than a right angle, and the other of the first angle and the second angle is smaller than a right angle.

With such a structure, it is possible to withstand horizontal loads in both horizontal directions.

In such a structure, a plurality of the first piece and the second piece are provided, and the third piece is further provided, and the third piece is formed on a first vertical member and the first vertical member. The first diagonal member connecting the first crossing member of the first piece closest to the first vertical member, the second crossing member of the second piece closest to the first vertical member, and the first. It is desirable to provide a second diagonal member that connects the 1 vertical member.

According to such a structure, a horizontal end can be formed.

In such a structure, a plurality of the first piece and the second piece are provided, and the fourth piece is further provided, and the fourth piece is formed on a second vertical member and the second vertical member. The first horizontal member of the first piece closest to the second piece, or the second horizontal member of the second piece closest to the second vertical member, and a third horizontal member connecting the second vertical member. It is desirable to prepare.

According to such a structure, a horizontal end can be formed.

In such a structure, it is desirable that each piece is formed by laminating a plurality of layers of wooden boards.

According to such a structure, a structure similar to a brace can be easily formed by using a piece in which a wooden plate material is laminated in a plurality of layers.

In such a structure, it is desirable that the plurality of layers have an inner layer provided by the penetration method and a pair of outer layers provided by the GIR method and arranged outside the inner layer.

According to such a structure, the strength and rigidity of the intersecting portion of the members can be increased.

According to the present invention, the cost can be reduced.

It is the schematic of the structure of 1st Embodiment. It is an exploded perspective view which shows the structure of the 1st piece 10. It is an exploded perspective view which shows the structure of the 2nd piece 20. It is an exploded perspective view which shows the structure of the 3rd piece 30. It is an exploded perspective view which shows the structure of the 4th piece 40. It is the schematic of the structure of 2nd Embodiment. It is an exploded perspective view which shows the structure of the joint piece 60. It is a perspective view which shows the column-beam joint structure 100 used for the structure of the comparative example. It is an exploded perspective view of the column-beam joint structure 100. It is the schematic of the structure of the comparative example.

=== 1st Embodiment ===
Hereinafter, the structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, a comparative example will be described before the present embodiment is described.

≪Structure of comparative example≫
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a beam-column joint structure 100 used for the structure of the comparative example. FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the beam-column joint structure 100. In this comparative example, as shown in the figure, the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction that are orthogonal to each other are defined. The Z direction is a vertical direction (that is, a direction along the vertical direction) in a state where the pillars are erected vertically. Hereinafter, the Z direction is also referred to as a vertical direction. Further, the X direction and the Y direction are directions perpendicular to the vertical direction (horizontal direction). Here, the stacking direction of the wooden board members constituting the beam-column joint structure is the Y direction, and the horizontal direction orthogonal to the Y direction (and the Z direction) is the X direction.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the columns 110 and 120 joined by the beam-column joining structure 100 of the comparative example have a substantially rectangular cross section, and have a plate-like shape such as lumber, laminated lumber, or LVL. Sheets of wood board are laminated, and the binding material 130 is penetrated and integrated in the laminated direction (Y direction). In addition, in the drawing, since the drawing becomes unclear if all the binding materials for binding the laminated wood board materials and all the binding materials for joining the columns and the beams are shown, the binding material 130 is only partially shown. do.

In the following description, the wood board material arranged in the middle of the three wood board materials constituting the pillar 110 is referred to as the pillar inner wood board material 111, and the pair of wood board materials sandwiching the pillar inner wood board material 111 from both sides is the pillar outer side. It will be referred to as a wooden board material 112. Further, the wood board material arranged in the middle of the three wood board materials constituting the beam 120 is referred to as a beam inner wood board material 121, and a pair of wood board materials sandwiching the beam inner wood board material 121 from both sides is a beam outer wood board material 122. It will be called.

The three wood boards that make up the pillar 110 and the three wood boards that make up the beam 120 are single board laminated materials that are laminated and bonded by aligning the fiber directions of the plurality of single boards, and each wood material. LVL is used for the plate material. Each wood board (wood) constituting the columns 110 and beams 120 is a material having strong anisotropy, and has high strength and rigidity in the fiber direction and low strength and rigidity in directions other than the fiber direction. It has been known. In FIGS. 8 and 9, the fiber direction of each wood board is indicated by an arrow on the surface of each wood board.

The fibers of the pillar inner wood board 111 and the pair of pillar outer wood board 112 constituting the pillar 110 are all along the vertical direction (Z direction). Further, in the pillar outer wood plate material 112 constituting the pillar 110, a pillar opening 112a penetrating in the horizontal direction and along the in-plane direction of the pillar outer wood plate material 112 is formed at a position where the beam 120 is joined. ..

The beam inner wood plate material 121 constituting the beam 120 is along the vertical direction (Z direction) whose fiber direction is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (X direction) of the beam 120, and the pair of beam outer wood plate materials 122 are in the fiber direction. Is along the longitudinal direction of the beam 120 (here, the X direction). As the wooden board material 121 inside the beam, the LVL is arranged so that the fiber direction is along the vertical direction (Z direction). If the material length (length in the X direction) is insufficient by making the fiber direction along the vertical direction, it may be used by joining with a finger joint (see FIG. 9).

One end face of the pair of beam outer wood board 122 cut into a rectangular shape is in contact with the side surface of the column outer wood board 112, respectively. Further, the beam outer wood plate 122 and the column outer wood plate 112 are joined by a steel rod 140 extending along the longitudinal direction (X direction) of the beam 120 and extending between the beam outer wood plate 122 and the column outer wood plate 112. In order to join with the steel rod 140, the two beam outer wood plate 122 separated by the column outer wood plate 112 are each provided with a beam opening 122a along the X direction from the end face on the column 110 side. The pillar outer wood board 112 is provided with a pillar opening 112a along the X direction of the pillar outer wood board 112.

The beam opening 122a and the column opening 112a are provided at positions where the column outer wood plate 112 and the beam outer wood plate 122 are connected when they are joined. The steel rod 140 is arranged so as to extend over the beam opening 122a and the column opening 112a and is adhered with an adhesive. The joining method in which a steel rod or the like is inserted into a joint portion of wood and fixed with an adhesive in this way is called a glue-in rod (GIR) method. In the following description, the description of the steel rod, the opening, etc. in the portion joined by the same joining method (GIR method) will be omitted.

The beam inner wood board 121 provided between the pair of pillar outer wood board 112 and the pair of beam outer wood board 122 is laminated with the two beam outer wood board 122 joined to both sides of the pillar outer wood board 112 (in the stacking direction). It is overlapped in the Y direction) and joined to the pillar outer wood board 112 and the two beam outer wood boards 122 by the binding material 130. At this time, the portion (central portion in the X direction) joined by the finger joint of the wooden board material 121 on the inner side of the beam is arranged so as to be located at the center in the width direction (X direction) of the wooden board material 111 on the inner side of the column. Further, at the end of the beam 120 on the side opposite to the column 110, a pair of beam outer wood board members 122 project outward from the beam inner wood board member 121 (the side away from the column 110).

The column inner wood board 111 is vertically divided by the beam inner wood board 121. All of these upper and lower pillar inner wood board 111s are overlapped with the pillar outer wood board 112 in the stacking direction (Y direction), and the lower surface of the upper pillar inner wood board 111 is on the upper surface of the beam inner wood board 121 and the lower side. The upper surface of the pillar inner wood board 111 is in contact with the lower surface of the beam inner wood board 121, and is joined to the pair of pillar outer wood boards 112 by the binding material 130.

As described above, the beam inner wood board 121 divides the pillar inner wood board 111, and is provided so as to penetrate (penetrate) the pillar 110. Such a construction method is called a penetration method. Nuki is a horizontal member that is passed between members such as pillars, and the nuki method is a traditional method used for wooden construction such as shrines and temples.

According to the beam-column joint structure 100 of this comparative example, at the joint portion between the column 110 and the beam 120, the portion where the column 110 divides the beam 120 (so-called column win) and the beam 120 divide the column 110. There are mixed parts (so-called beam wins). Therefore, the initial rigidity is high and residual deformation is unlikely to occur. Therefore, it is possible to increase the strength and rigidity of the joint.

Further, the fiber direction of the pillar inner wood board 111 and the fiber direction of the beam inner wood board 121 that divides the pillar inner wood board 111 are the same direction. Therefore, the bending moment of the beam 120 acts as a bearing pressure on the divided portion of the column inner wood plate material 111 in the longitudinal direction (fiber direction) of the column 110 from the divided beam inner wood plate material 121. Damage such as the end of the beam 120 sinking into the column 110 is unlikely to occur. Further, at this time, since the portion where the bearing pressure acts from the wooden board material 121 inside the beam is the entire width of the column 110, it is possible to secure a wider portion where the bearing pressure acts.

Further, the beam inner wood board 121 of the beam 120 divides the pillar inner wood board 111, and the lower surface of the upper pillar inner wood board 111 is on the upper surface of the beam inner wood board 121, and the lower surface of the column inner wood board 111 is on the lower surface. The upper surface of the beam is in contact with the lower surface of the wooden plate material 121 inside the beam. Therefore, the joint portion between the column 110 and the beam 120 has high initial rigidity and is unlikely to undergo residual deformation. Further, since the pair of pillar outer wood board 112 sandwiching the pillar inner wood board 111 has the same fiber direction as the pillar inner wood board 111, it is possible to secure high strength of the pillar 110. Therefore, it is possible to increase the strength and rigidity of the joint.

In this example, the wooden board material 121 inside the beam is made of LVL, and the fiber directions are all along the Z direction (vertical direction), but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the beam inner wood board 121 may be composed of LVB, LVLB type, plywood, LVL laminated body, etc. In this case, the ratio of the fiber direction along the vertical direction is 15 to 100%. preferable. As a result, the bending moment of the beam 120 is more likely to act as a bearing pressure in the fiber direction of the column 110 from the wooden plate material 121 inside the beam, as compared with the case where all the fiber directions are along the longitudinal direction (X direction). In addition, the strength and rigidity of the column 110 against a load in the vertical direction can be increased.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the comparative example. By arranging a plurality of the beam-column joining structures 100 of FIG. 8 in the Z direction and the X direction and joining them, a frame (structure) having a pure rigid frame structure as shown in FIG. 10 can be constructed. As shown in the figure, the column-beam joining structures 100 (columns 110) adjacent to each other in the Z direction (vertical direction) are joined by the GIR method. Further, a supporting plate member 125 is arranged between the beams 120 of the beam-column joint structure 100 adjacent to each other in the X direction (width direction of the column) (specifically, the wooden plate members 121 inside the beams facing each other). A penetration hole 122b and a penetration hole 125a for penetrating the binding material 130 are formed at positions overlapping in the Y direction on the beam outer wood plate material 122 and the supplement plate material 125, respectively.

Then, the splicing material 130 is penetrated into the penetration hole 122b and the penetration hole 125a with the splicing material 125 sandwiched between the beam outer wood plate material 122 from both sides, whereby the beam outer wood plate material 122 and the splicing plate material 125 are joined. .. As a result, the adjacent beam-column joining structures 100 can be joined in the horizontal direction.

However, in the case of this comparative example, the pillar 110 and the beam 120 are orthogonal to each other, and the joint is formed by a combination of three layers of wood board having a pillar win on the outside and a beam win on the inside. In order to pass the diagonal brace (bracing) here, it is necessary to combine one or more layers, and the width becomes too large, which is not realistic. Therefore, it is necessary to increase (thicken) the size of each member, and there is a problem that the amount of wood used increases and the cost increases. Therefore, in the present embodiment, by forming the columns diagonally, when a horizontal load is applied, the axial force of the column portion can resist (the same effect as the brace can be obtained). As a result, the size of the member is reduced (thinner) to reduce the cost.

<< Structure of this embodiment >>
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the first embodiment. Further, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the first piece 10, and FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the second piece 20. Further, FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the third piece 30, and FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the fourth piece 40.

Also in the present embodiment, the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction orthogonal to each other are defined as in the comparative example. The Z direction (vertical direction) is a direction along the vertical direction. Further, the X direction and the Y direction are directions perpendicular to the vertical direction (horizontal direction), the laminating direction of the wood board is the Y direction, and the horizontal direction orthogonal to the Y direction (and the Z direction) is the X direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, the structure of the present embodiment is configured by combining a plurality of pieces. In FIG. 1, a member orthogonal to the Z direction (a member along the X direction) corresponds to a beam, and a member obliquely or orthogonal to the beam corresponds to a column. In the following description, the angle on the upper right side of the drawing at the intersection (intersection) of each member is defined as the intersection angle.

The structure of the first embodiment has a first piece 10, a second piece 20, a third piece 30, and a fourth piece 40. A plurality of each piece is provided. Of these, the first piece 10 and the second piece 20 mainly constitute the structure surface of the structure, and the third piece constitutes the end portion (end portion in the X direction) of the structure. The piece 30 and the fourth piece 40. In the present embodiment, each of these pieces (first piece 10 to fourth piece 40) is a wooden member, and each has a three-layer structure as in the comparative example (see FIGS. 2 to 5). In FIGS. 2 to 5, the fiber directions of each member (wooden member) are indicated by arrows.

<1st piece 10>
The first piece 10 includes a horizontal member 10A (corresponding to the first horizontal member), a crossing member 10B (corresponding to the first crossing member), and a crossing member 10C (corresponding to the third crossing member). Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the first piece 10 has a three-layer structure consisting of an inner layer 11 and a pair of outer layers 12 sandwiching the inner layer 11 from both sides (that is, arranged outside the inner layer 11). Is formed of. The central (inner) inner layer 11 and the pair of outer layers 12 are both made of wood board.

The horizontal member 10A has a longitudinal direction along the X direction (horizontal direction), and is a portion of the structure that constitutes a beam. The horizontal member 10A is composed of an inner wood board 11a of the inner layer 11 and an outer wood board 12a of a pair of outer layers 12.

The intersecting member 10B is a member that intersects with the horizontal member 10A, and is a portion that constitutes a column in the structure. The intersecting member 10B intersects the horizontal member 10A at an angle θ1. The angle θ1 is an angle excluding a right angle, which is 120 degrees in the present embodiment. That is, the intersecting member 10B intersects the horizontal member 10A at an angle (not orthogonal to each other). The crossing member 10B is composed of an inner wood board 11b of the inner layer 11 and an outer wood board 12b of a pair of outer layers 12.

The crossing member 10C intersects the crossing member 10B below the horizontal member 10A. The angle formed by the crossing member 10C and the horizontal direction (X direction) is θ2 (60 degrees in this embodiment), which is equal to the crossing angle between the horizontal member 20A and the crossing member 20B of the second piece 20 described later. As a result, the crossing member 10C can be joined to the crossing member 20B of the second piece 20. The crossing member 10C is composed of an inner wood board 11c of the inner layer 11 and an outer wood board 12c of a pair of outer layers 12.

The inner wood board 11b of the inner layer 11 is divided by the inner wood board 11a and the inner wood board 11c (nuki method). Opposing surfaces are in contact with each other at the divided portion of the inner wood plate material 11b by the inner wood plate material 11a and the divided portion of the inner wood plate material 11b by the inner wood plate material 11c, and are in surface contact.

On the other hand, the outer wood board 12b of the outer layer 12 divides the outer wood board 12a and the outer wood board 12c. The outer wood board 12b and the outer wood board 12a, and the outer wood board 12b and the outer wood board 12c are joined by the GIR method, respectively.

Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the first piece 10 is formed by sandwiching the inner layer 11 between the pair of outer layers 12 (laminating in the Y direction) and fixing the inner layer 11 with a binding material (not shown) or the like. It is formed.

In addition, among the members constituting the first piece 10, each member excluding the inner wood board 11a and the inner wood board 11c of the inner layer 11 is laminated and bonded by aligning the fiber directions of a plurality of veneers. Material (LVL) is used. The fiber direction of each member is along the respective longitudinal direction.

For the inner wood board 11a and the inner wood board 11c of the inner layer 11, plywood laminated with the fiber directions of a plurality of veneers orthogonal to each other is used, and the ratio of the fiber directions along the longitudinal direction is about 50%. ..

With such a configuration, the rigidity and strength of each joint portion (intersection portion) of each member (horizontal member 10A, intersection member 10B, intersection member 10C) of the first piece 10 can be increased.

<2nd piece 20>
The second piece 20 includes a horizontal member 20A (corresponding to the second horizontal member) and a crossing member 20B (corresponding to the second crossing member). Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the second piece 20 is formed of a three-layer structure consisting of an inner layer 21 and a pair of outer layers 22 sandwiching the inner layer 21 from both sides. The central inner layer 21 and the pair of outer layers 22 are both made of wood board.

The horizontal member 20A has a longitudinal direction along the X direction and is joined to the horizontal member 10A of the first piece 10 (or the horizontal member 40B of the fourth piece 40) to form a beam. The horizontal member 20A is composed of an inner wood board 21a of the inner layer 21 and an inner wood board 21b of a pair of outer layers 22.

The crossing member 20B is a member that intersects with the horizontal member 20A, and is a portion that constitutes a pillar. The intersecting member 20B intersects the horizontal member 20A at an angle θ2. The angle θ2 is an angle excluding a right angle and an angle θ1, and is 60 degrees in the present embodiment. That is, the intersecting member 20B intersects the horizontal member 20A at an angle (not orthogonal to each other). The crossing member 20B is composed of an inner wood board 21b of the inner layer 21 and an outer wood board 22b of a pair of outer layers 22.

The inner wood board 21b of the inner layer 21 is divided by the inner wood board 21a (nuki method). The divided portions of the inner wood board 21b by the inner wood board 21a are in contact with each other because the facing surfaces are in contact with each other.

On the other hand, the outer wood board 22b of the outer layer 22 divides the outer wood board 22a. The outer wood board 22b and the outer wood board 22a are joined by the GIR method.

Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the second piece 20 is formed by sandwiching the inner layer 21 between the pair of outer layers 22 (laminating in the Y direction) and fixing the inner layer 21 with a binding material (not shown) or the like. Will be done.

Of the members constituting the second piece 20, LVL is used for each member except the inner wood plate 21a of the inner layer 21, and the fiber direction of each member is along the respective longitudinal direction. ..

Further, as the inner wood board material 21a of the inner layer 21, plywood laminated by making the fiber directions of a plurality of veneers orthogonal to each other is used, and the ratio of the fiber directions along the longitudinal direction is about 50%.

With such a configuration, the rigidity and strength of the joint portion (intersection portion) between the horizontal member 20A and the intersection member 20B of the second piece 20 can be increased.

<Third piece 30>
The third piece 30 is provided at the end of the structure in the X direction. The third piece 30 is a member having a substantially K-shaped plane shape, and is a vertical member 30A (corresponding to the first vertical member), an upper diagonal member 30B (corresponding to the second diagonal member), and a lower diagonal member 30C. (Equivalent to the first diagonal member). Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the third piece 30 is formed of a three-layer structure consisting of an inner layer 31 and a pair of outer layers 32 that sandwich the inner layer 31 from both sides. The central inner layer 31 and the pair of outer layers 32 are both made of wood board.

The vertical member 30A has a longitudinal direction along the Z direction (vertical direction) and constitutes a pillar of the structure. The vertical member 30A is composed of an inner wood board 31a of the inner layer 31 and an outer wood board 32a of a pair of outer layers 32.

The upper diagonal member 30B projects diagonally upward from the vertical member 30A (intersects with the vertical member 30A). The angle formed by the upper diagonal member 30B and the X direction (horizontal direction) is θ2, which is equal to the intersection angle between the horizontal member 20A and the crossing member 20B of the second piece 20 (the inclinations are equal). Therefore, the crossing member 20B of the second piece 20 can be joined to the upper diagonal member 30B. In other words, the upper diagonal member 30B is a member that connects the crossing member 20B of the second piece 20 closest to the vertical member 30A and the vertical member 30A. The upper diagonal member 30B is composed of an inner wood board 31b of the inner layer 31 and an outer wood board 32b of a pair of outer layers 32.

The lower diagonal member 30C projects diagonally downward from the vertical member 30A on the lower side of the upper diagonal member 30B (intersects with the vertical member 30A). The angle formed by the lower diagonal member 30C and the X direction (horizontal direction) is θ1, which is equal to the crossing angle between the horizontal member 10A and the crossing member 10B of the first piece 10 (the inclinations are equal). Therefore, the crossing member 10B of the first piece 10 can be joined to the lower diagonal member 30C. In other words, the lower diagonal member 30C is a member that connects the crossing member 10B of the first piece 10 closest to the vertical member 30A and the vertical member 30A. The lower diagonal member 30C is composed of an inner wood board 31c of the inner layer 31 and an outer wood board 32c of a pair of outer layers 32.

The outer wood board 32a and the outer wood board 32b of the outer layer 32, and the outer wood board 32a and the outer wood board 32c are joined by the GIR method, respectively. Further, the inner wood board 31a of the inner layer 31 is vertically divided by the tip portions of the inner wood board 31b and the inner wood board 31c. However, the inner wood board 31a may not be divided into upper and lower parts and may be partially connected (the tip portions of the inner wood board 31b and the inner wood board 31c may only bite into the inner wood board 31a).

Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the third piece 30 is formed by sandwiching the inner layer 31 between the pair of outer layers 32 (laminating in the Y direction) and fixing the inner layer 31 with a binding material (not shown) or the like. Will be done.

Among the members constituting the third piece 30, LVL is used for each member except the inner wood board 31b and the inner wood board 31c of the inner layer 31, and the fiber direction of each member is the length of each member. Along the direction.

Further, plywood is used for the inner wood board 31b and the inner wood board 31c of the inner layer 31, and the ratio of the fiber direction along the longitudinal direction is about 50%.

With such a configuration, the rigidity and strength of the joint portion (intersection portion) between the vertical member 30A of the third piece 30 and the upper diagonal member 30B and the lower diagonal member 30C can be increased.

<4th piece 40>
The fourth piece 40 is provided at the end of the structure in the X direction. Further, the fourth piece 40 is arranged side by side with the third piece 30 in the Z direction. The fourth piece 40 is a member having a substantially T-shaped plane shape, and includes a vertical member 40A (corresponding to the second vertical member) and a horizontal member 40B (corresponding to the third horizontal member). Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the fourth piece 40 is formed of a three-layer structure consisting of an inner layer 41 and a pair of outer layers 42 sandwiching the inner layer 41 from both sides. The central (inner) inner layer 41 and the pair of outer layers 42 are both made of wood board.

The vertical member 40A has a longitudinal direction along the Z direction (vertical direction), and together with the vertical member 30A of the third piece, constitutes a pillar of the structure. The vertical member 40A is composed of an inner wood board 41a of the inner layer 41 and an outer wood board 42a of a pair of outer layers 42.

The horizontal member 40B projects in the X direction (horizontal direction) from the vertical member 40A. The horizontal member 10A of the first piece 10 or the horizontal member 20A of the second piece 20 is joined to the horizontal member 40B (see FIG. 1). In other words, the horizontal member 40B is a member that connects the horizontal member 10A of the first piece 10 or the horizontal member 20A of the second piece 20 closest to the vertical member 40A and the vertical member 40A. The horizontal member 40B is composed of an inner wood board 41b of the inner layer 41 and an outer wood board 42b of a pair of outer layers 42.

The outer wood board 42b and the outer wood board 42a of the outer layer 42 are joined by the GIR method. Further, the inner wood board 41b of the inner layer 41 divides the inner wood board 41a (Nuki method). The divided portions of the inner wood board 41a by the inner wood board 41b are in contact with each other because the facing surfaces are in contact with each other.

Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the fourth piece 40 is formed by sandwiching the inner layer 41 between the pair of outer layers 42 (laminating in the Y direction) and fixing the inner layer 41 with a binding material (not shown) or the like. Will be done.

Among the members constituting the fourth piece 40, LVL is used for the members other than the inner wood board 41b, and the fiber direction of each member is along the respective longitudinal direction.

Further, plywood is used for the inner wood board material 41b, and the ratio of the fiber direction along the longitudinal direction is about 50%.

With such a configuration, the rigidity and strength of the joint portion (intersection portion) between the vertical member 40A and the horizontal member 40B of the fourth piece 40 can be increased.

The first piece 10, the second piece 20, the third piece 30, and the fourth piece 40 having the above configurations are combined (joined) as shown in FIG. 1, respectively. As a result, the structure of FIG. 1 is formed.

Specifically, by joining the horizontal member 10A of the first piece 10 and the horizontal member 20A of the second piece 20, a beam along the X direction is formed. Further, by joining the intersecting members 10B of the first piece 10 to each other, an oblique column (angle formed in the horizontal direction is θ1) is formed. Further, by joining the crossing member 10C of the first piece 10 and the crossing member 20B of the second piece 20, an oblique column (angle formed in the horizontal direction is θ2) is formed. By forming columns that intersect the beam at an acute angle (θ2) and columns that intersect at an obtuse angle (θ1) in this way, it is possible to resist horizontal loads in both horizontal directions. By combining the first piece 10 and the second piece 20, a repeating pattern can be formed, and by arranging a plurality of these patterns, the structure as shown in FIG. 1 can be formed.

Further, a pillar along the vertical direction is formed by the vertical member 30A of the third piece 30 and the vertical member 40A of the fourth piece 40, and the first piece 10 and the second piece 20 are the pillars (third). It can be connected to the piece 30 or the fourth piece 40). Specifically, the crossing member 10B of the first piece 10 closest to the vertical member 30A can be joined to the lower diagonal member 30C of the third piece 30. Further, the crossing member 20B of the second piece 20 closest to the vertical member 30A can be joined to the upper diagonal member 30B of the third piece 30. Further, the horizontal member 10A of the first piece 10 or the horizontal member 20A of the second piece 20 closest to the vertical member 40A of the fourth piece 40 can be joined to the horizontal member 40B of the fourth piece 40. In this way, the third piece 30 and the fourth piece 40 can form an end portion of the structure in the horizontal direction (X direction).

As described above, in the structure of the present embodiment, the columns are provided diagonally, so that when a horizontal load is applied, the axial force of the columns can resist. Therefore, the size (thickness) of each member can be reduced as compared with the structure of the comparative example. As a result, the amount of wood used can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

It is desirable that the portion where each piece is joined in the Z direction (vertical direction) (for example, the joint portion between the vertical member 30A and the vertical member 40A: the joint portion of the column) is joined by the GIR method.

Further, the portion where each piece is joined in the X direction (horizontal direction) (for example, the joint portion between the horizontal member 10A and the horizontal member 20A: the joint portion of the beam) is made of an inner wood board as shown in Comparative Example (FIG. 10). It is desirable to make it shorter (a pair of outer wood boards are projected from the inner wood boards), and a splicing material is sandwiched between them and joined with a binding material or the like.

Further, it is desirable that the portion to be joined diagonally (for example, the joint portion between the crossing member 10C and the crossing member 20B: the joint portion of the diagonal columns) is joined by the GIR method. However, when the GIR method is not used, for example, the inner wood board material on one side of the opposite member ends is lengthened (protruded from the outer wood board material), and the pair of outer wood board materials on the other side is lengthened. Then (protruding from the inner wood board), the tip portions may be fitted to each other and joined with a binding material or the like.

As described above, the structure of the present embodiment includes the first piece 10 and the second piece 20. The first piece 10 includes a horizontal member 10A and an intersecting member 10B that intersects the horizontal member 10A at an angle θ1, and the second piece 20 intersects the horizontal member 20A and the horizontal member 20A at an angle θ2. It includes a member 20B. Then, the horizontal member 10A and the horizontal member 20A are joined to form a beam. As a result, in the present embodiment, the columns can be constructed diagonally, and when a horizontal load is applied, the axial force of the columns can resist. Therefore, the size (thickness) of each member can be reduced as compared with the structure of the comparative example. As a result, the amount of wood used can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

=== Second embodiment ===
The structure of the second embodiment has the same outer shape (pattern) as that of the first embodiment (FIG. 1). However, the pieces constituting the structure are different from those of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the second embodiment. In FIG. 6, the same reference numerals are given to the parts having the same configuration as that of FIG. 1, and the description thereof will be omitted. Further, FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the sixth piece 60.

In the second embodiment, the fifth piece 50 (corresponding to the first piece) and the sixth piece 60 (corresponding to the joint piece) are used instead of the first piece 10 of the first embodiment.

The fifth piece 50 includes a horizontal member 50A and a crossing member 50B. The horizontal member 50A is joined to the horizontal member 20A of the second piece 20, and the crossing member 50B intersects the horizontal member 50A at an angle θ1. The fifth piece 50 is an inverted version of the second piece 20 about the vertical direction (that is, θ1 = 180-θ2), and has the same configuration as the second piece 20. Therefore, detailed description will be omitted.

The sixth piece 60 includes a joint member 60A and a joint member 60B. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the second piece 20 is formed of a three-layer structure consisting of an inner layer 61 and a pair of outer layers 62 sandwiching the inner layer 61 from both sides. The central inner layer 61 and the pair of outer layers 62 are both made of wood board.

The joint member 60A is a member that connects the intersecting members 50B of the fifth piece 50 that are vertically adjacent to each other. That is, the angle formed by the joint member 60A in the horizontal direction is an angle θ1 (equal to the intersection angle between the horizontal member 50A and the crossing member 50B). The joint member 60A is composed of an inner wood board 61a of the inner layer 61 and an outer wood board 62a of a pair of outer layers 62.

The joint member 60B is a member that intersects the joint member 60A and connects the intersecting members 20B of the second piece 20 that are vertically adjacent to each other. That is, the angle formed by the joint member 60B in the horizontal direction is an angle θ2 (equal to the intersection angle between the horizontal member 20A and the crossing member 20B). The joint member 60B is composed of an inner wood board 61b of the inner layer 61 and an outer wood board 62b of a pair of outer layers 62.

The inner wood board 61a of the inner layer 61 is divided by the inner wood board 61b. The divided pieces of the inner wood board 21b by the inner wood board 21a are in contact with each other because the facing surfaces are in contact with each other. On the other hand, the outer wood board 62a of the outer layer 62 divides the outer wood board 62b. The outer wood board 62a and the outer wood board 62b are joined by the GIR method.

Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the sixth piece 60 is formed by sandwiching the inner layer 61 between the pair of outer layers 62 (laminating in the Y direction) and fixing the inner layer 61 with a binding material (not shown) or the like. Will be done.

Among the members constituting the sixth piece 60, LVL is used for each member except the inner wood plate member 61a of the inner layer 61, and the fiber direction of each member is along the respective longitudinal direction. ..

Further, plywood is used for the inner wood board material 61a of the inner layer 61, and the ratio of the fiber direction along the longitudinal direction is about 50%.

With such a configuration, the rigidity and strength of the joint portion (intersection portion) between the joint member 60A and the joint member 60B of the sixth piece 60 can be increased.

Also in the second embodiment, the same pattern (repeated pattern) as in the first embodiment can be formed by the second piece 20, the fifth piece 50, and the sixth piece 60. Then, by arranging a plurality of these patterns, a structural surface (a beam along the X direction and two pillars having different inclinations) as shown in FIG. 6 can be constructed. Therefore, the size (thickness) of each member can be reduced as compared with the structure of the comparative example. As a result, the amount of wood used can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

=== Other embodiments ===
As described above, the above-described embodiment is for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and is not for limiting and interpreting the present invention. It goes without saying that the present invention can be modified and improved without departing from the spirit thereof, and the present invention includes an equivalent thereof.

In the above-described embodiment, each piece has a three-layer structure, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it may have a five-layer structure.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, plywood is used as a member of the nuki method (the ratio of the fiber direction along the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction was about 50%), but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, LVL, LVB, LVLB type, LVL superposition (LVL laminate) and the like may be used. In this case, the ratio of the fiber direction along the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is preferably 15 to 100%.

10 1st piece, 10A horizontal member (1st horizontal member),
10B crossing member (first crossing member), 10C crossing member (third crossing member),
11 inner layer, 11a inner wood board,
11b Inner wood board, 11c Inner wood board,
12 outer layer, 12a outer wood board,
12b outer wood board, 12c outer wood board,
20 Second piece,
20A horizontal member (second horizontal member), 20B crossing member (second crossing member),
21 inner layer, 21a inner wood board, 21b inner wood board,
22 outer layer, 22a outer wood board, 22b outer wood board,
30 3rd piece, 30A vertical member (1st vertical member),
30B upper diagonal member (second diagonal member), 30C lower diagonal member (first diagonal member),
31 inner layer, 31a inner wood board,
31b Inner wood board, 31c Inner wood board,
32 outer layer, 32a outer wood board,
32b outer wood board, 32c outer wood board,
40 4th piece, 40A vertical member (2nd vertical member),
40B horizontal member (third horizontal member),
41 Inner layer, 41a Inner wood board, 41b Inner wood board,
42 outer layer, 42a outer wood board, 42b outer wood board,
50 5th piece (1st piece),
50A horizontal member (first horizontal member), 50B crossing member (first crossing member),
60 6th piece (joint piece),
60A joint member, 60B joint member,
61 inner layer, 61a inner wood board, 61b inner wood board,
62 outer layer, 62a outer wood board, 62b outer wood board,
110 pillars, 111 pillars inside wood board,
112 pillar outer wood board, 112a pillar opening,
120 beams, 121 wooden boards inside the beams,
122 beam outer wood board, 122a beam opening, 122b penetration hole,
125 plate material, 125a intrusive hole,
130 spelling material, 140 steel rod,

Claims (9)

A structure composed of multiple pieces
Has a first piece and a second piece,
The first piece is
The first horizontal member and
A first crossing member that intersects the first horizontal member at a first angle excluding a right angle,
With
The second piece is
The second horizontal member and
A second crossing member that intersects the second horizontal member at a right angle and a second angle excluding the first angle.
With
It has a portion where the first horizontal member and the second horizontal member are joined.
A structure characterized by that. The structure according to claim 1.
The first crossing member is longer than the second crossing member
The first piece is
A third crossing member that intersects the first crossing member and has a horizontal angle formed by the second crossing member is further provided.
The third crossing member is joined to the second crossing member of the second piece.
A structure characterized by that. The structure according to claim 1.
The first piece is an inverted version of the second piece about the vertical direction.
A structure characterized by that. The structure according to claim 3.
A plurality of the first piece and the second piece are provided, respectively.
A joint piece that connects the first crossing members of the adjacent first piece and also connects the second crossing members of the adjacent second piece.
A structure characterized by further having. The structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
One of the first angle and the second angle is larger than a right angle,
The first angle and the other of the second angle are smaller than a right angle.
A structure characterized by that. The structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
A plurality of the first piece and the second piece are provided, respectively.
Has a third piece,
The third piece is
The first vertical member and
The first diagonal member connecting the first crossing member of the first piece closest to the first vertical member and the first vertical member.
A second diagonal member connecting the second crossing member of the second piece closest to the first vertical member and the first vertical member.
To prepare
A structure characterized by that. The structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
A plurality of the first piece and the second piece are provided, respectively.
Has a fourth piece,
The fourth piece is
The second vertical member and
The first horizontal member of the first piece closest to the second vertical member, or the second horizontal member of the second piece closest to the second vertical member, and the second vertical member are connected to each other. 3 horizontal members and
To prepare
A structure characterized by that. The structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
Each piece is formed by laminating multiple layers of wood board.
A structure characterized by that. The structure according to claim 8.
The multiple layers
The inner layer provided by the Nuki method and
A pair of outer layers provided by the GIR method and arranged outside the inner layer,
A structure characterized by having.

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