JP3858177B2 - Skew type single plate laminate - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is a single-plate laminated material, and is a skew-type single-plate laminated material (hereinafter referred to as “skew LVL”) arranged so that the fiber direction is obliquely crossed with respect to the side edges in the longitudinal direction. Abbreviated).

  In general, in Japan, laminated wood such as laminated wood, which is formed by laminating and adhering veneers, plywood in which the fiber directions of adjacent veneers are orthogonal, and veneer laminated with the fiber directions of veneers parallel (LVL) has been known for a long time.

  On the other hand, the main component of the wood board is to move from plywood to a board made of smaller pieces of wood in which the constituent elements such as OSB (Oriented Strand Board: also called wafer board) are not a single board but the fibers are divided. One reason is that the in-plane shear force is larger than that of plywood.

  By the way, Fig. 6 (A) crosses so that the fiber direction of the single plate on the front and back is orthogonal or parallel to the mouth and end of each single plate, and Fig. 6 (B) also shows that the fiber direction is reversed by 45 °. Plywood crossing so as to incline in the direction is shown (the straight lines and dotted lines in the frame indicate the fiber directions of the front and back plates, respectively). FIG. 3C shows the particle board (PB), and the numerical values at the bottom indicate the respective shear strengths.

  As shown in this figure, it is known that a shear strength exceeding that of a particle board can be obtained when the fiber direction of each single plate is taken at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the mouth and end of the wood. As shown in FIG. 5, it is also known that the shear modulus becomes the strongest when the fiber direction of a single plate is inclined 45 ° to the shear plane. Therefore, as a method of overcoming the weaknesses of the conventional plywood, it is also known that a tree can be used as shown in FIG.

  The particle board (PB) shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 is generally considered to have the same strength value as the OSB because the elements of the board configuration are considered to be substantially equivalent to the OSB described above. Also assumes this.

Further, as shown in the following Patent Document 1, a single plate whose fiber direction is inclined by 45 ° or 20 ° to 70 ° with respect to the end and the end of the wood is interposed between a large number of single plates laminated and bonded as a reinforcing measure of the plywood panel. Inserts are also known.
JP-A-9-248803

  However, there is no real encounter with plywood that has been used in an enhanced manner as described above. The decisive reason for this is that using wood cutting from existing plywood wastes half of the material. Therefore, even the possibility of existence of the single-plate laminated material having such a configuration is sparse. If it is possible to reasonably manufacture a laminated board that overcomes the weaknesses of this plywood and the fiber direction of the veneer is at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the end and the end of the wood, it will clearly have a wide range of features and performance. It is expected that it will be utilized, and it is hoped that it will be provided.

  And the method of the said patent document 1 cuts a normal rotary veneer in the diagonal direction, forms a rhombus cut veneer, further cuts out the triangular part of the both ends, and forms a rectangular small veneer, plywood cross section The plywood is produced only by this method, and the same large loss as above is inevitable in terms of labor cost and material cost.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a plurality of veneers that are cut and formed into a sheet shape to form a veneer layer 2'a in the laminated section, and the fiber directions of the veneer layers 2'a that are vertically adjacent to each other. A laminated material 2 that is laminated and bonded so that a crosses at an inclination angle of 60 ° to 120 ° that is inclined in directions opposite to each other, and the single-plate layer 2′a is mutually aligned along the fiber direction a A plurality of divided pieces 1′a having parallel side edges c and other parallel side edges c ′ that intersect with each other at an inclination angle of 30 ° to 60 ° with respect to the side edges c. will be placed in a band or strip shape along the side edge c along the fiber direction, each divided piece 1'a is, the fiber direction a a longitudinal side edge b of the cutting formed into a sheet by rotary race A rotary single plate 1 that is substantially orthogonal to the cross section along a cutting line c in the same direction as the fiber direction a. Then, the primary veneer pieces 1a are formed by cutting and dividing into substantially square or rectangular shapes, and then the non-cutting side edges b intersecting the cutting lines c of the cut single veneer pieces 1a are sequentially connected and joined. By doing so, a band-shaped or strip-shaped bonded single plate 1 ′ is formed, and the bonded single plate 1 ′ is inclined at an angle of 30 ° to the side end in the longitudinal direction (cut line c in the rotary single plate). Cut and divided again at a cutting line c ′ inclined at 60 °, and formed into a parallelogram with four parallel cutting lines c and other parallel cutting lines c ′ in the same direction as the fiber direction a. Furthermore, each of the adjacent single plate layers 2'a in the laminated cross section is characterized in that the other side ends c 'are aligned.

  Second, the inclination angle of the other side end c ′ with respect to the side end c along the fiber direction a is about 45 °.

According to the present invention configured as described above, it is possible to obtain a high-strength laminate by laminating the fiber direction of a single plate with respect to the end or the end of the wood. There is an advantage that it can be manufactured in large quantities at low cost and without waste of materials by using the plate cutting device and the cutting device and their production lines.
Further, the following derivative effects are achieved by the technical and economic effects described above.

(1) Although a board with a strong in-plane shear force equivalent to OSB is not currently manufactured, a new product for the plywood manufacturing industry is realized by producing a high-strength oblique LVL superior to OSB. Can be positioned as

(2) By reworking the skew LVL, it is possible to manufacture various high performance horizontal members and bearing wall boards.

(3) One of the fields where OSB is used in large quantities in North America is I-beam (or I-joist) abdominal surface material (web). As described above, this is because the in-plane shear force of OSB is larger than that of plywood, but the in-plane shear force of skewed LVL is stronger than OSB. can do.

(4) As described above, when the oblique LVL is used, a very high performance wall and horizontal material can be obtained. Therefore, by using them, it is possible to design with a high degree of freedom such as buildings with long spans, and it is expected to reduce the amount of extra wall materials, horizontal materials, shaft materials, etc., and it is possible to reduce the total cost Become.

(5) The demand for Japanese cedar, a representative material in Japan, is still sluggish. The characteristic that the strength is large for lighter cedar is drawn out to the maximum by this skew LVL, and can be regenerated as a new material. For this reason, it can also contribute to the expansion of demand for cedar wood. In addition, there is an advantage that can be used to promote the use of thinned wood, for which development of applications is currently desired.

  The embodiment shown in the drawings will be described in detail below. FIG. 1 (A) shows a method of dividing and cutting a single plate 1 cut and formed into a sheet shape by, for example, a rotary race and a method of laminating and bonding the same.

  In the rotary single plate 1, the fiber direction a is generally orthogonal to the longitudinal side end b. Dividing and cutting along a cutting line c in a direction that intersects with the side edge b on either the left or right side (in this example, it is inclined at about 45 ° to the left) to form a substantially rhomboid single plate piece 1a. To do.

  The thickness of the above single plate may be, for example, about 1.00 to 6.5 mm depending on the use and material of the final product, and the material is within the range that can be used for wood, plywood and laminated materials. It doesn't matter. The cutting is performed by a generally used single plate cutting machine (not shown), and is not particularly limited.

  FIG. 1 (B) shows a method for producing a laminated material 2 in a plywood shape by joining and connecting the single plate pieces 1a formed as described above again in a band shape or a strip shape.

  In the illustrated example, the cutting line (side) b in each rhomboid single plate piece 1a is connected or joined so that the fiber directions are aligned in the same direction to form a single plate layer 2a in a strip shape or a strip shape, The respective fiber directions a are inclined with respect to the side ends (sides) in the longitudinal direction of the single plate layers 2a so as to be inclined obliquely (in this example, the inclination angle is about 45 °).

  In this example, the fiber directions a of vertically adjacent single plate layers 2a are inclined in opposite directions, and as a result, the crossing angle between adjacent single plate layers 2a in the fiber direction a is about 90 °. .

  By laminating the single plate layers 2a alternately inclined in the opposite directions as described above, each single plate is bonded by applying pressure (with heating if necessary) under application of an adhesive by a conventionally known method. For each layer 2a, each fiber direction alternately tilts about 45 ° in the left-right direction with respect to the longitudinal side of the laminate 2, and the laminate 2 having an intersecting angle of 90 ° between adjacent single plate layers 2a It is formed.

  In FIG. 1B, the left and right ends of each single-plate layer 2a are left with 45 ° acute end portions on the upper side or the lower side for the sake of explanation. It is possible to easily perform the edge treatment so as to be at an angle or the edge treatment at the stage of the single plate layer 2a before lamination (this is also the case in FIG. 2).

  2 (A) to 2 (C) show an embodiment of the present invention. In this example, first, as shown in FIG. 2 (A), the rotary single plate 1 is arranged in substantially the same direction as the fiber direction a (that is, the longitudinal side). A primary single plate piece 1a is formed by cutting and dividing into a substantially square or rectangular shape along a cutting line c at the end (side b). Next, a large number of single-plate pieces 1a cut in this way are joined successively to the non-cut-side sides b as shown in FIG. And the entire fiber direction is set along the longitudinal side end (cut line in FIG. 4A) c.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2B, the bonded single plate 1 ′ is inclined by about 45 ° obliquely with respect to the side end c in the longitudinal direction (thus, about 45 ° with respect to the fiber direction a). Cut again and cut along the cutting line c ′ (which is inclined) to form a divided piece 1′a.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 5C, the cut lines (side ends) c in FIG. 5A re-formed as the side ends on the non-cutting side of the divided pieces 1′a are sequentially joined together, A strip-like or strip-like single plate layer 2'a is formed, and these are sequentially stacked and bonded in the same manner as shown in FIG. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2 (C), the cutting line c ′ becomes both parallel ends of the divided piece 1′a, and the single plate layers 2′a vertically adjacent to each other are aligned with each other in the laminated section. It also becomes a side edge of the laminated material 2.

FIG. 3 shows a structural example when the strength of the I-shaped beam 3 formed by the laminated material 2 formed by the method of FIG. 1 and the conventional OSB and plywood is compared, and the dimensions of each I-shaped beam are as follows. It is as follows.
Thickness t = 9mm
Width of upper end including web W = 49mm
Web height h = 26mm
Overall height H = 150mm
As a result of performing a three-point bending test on the I-shaped beam 3 made of three kinds of materials, a load displacement curve as shown in the graph of FIG. 4 was obtained. As can be seen from the figure, it was confirmed that the skew LVL of the present invention has a very small amount of displacement with respect to a high load as compared with plywood or OSB.

  Table 1 shows the strength comparison of the above three types of I-beams 3 and shows the index when the value of plywood is set to 100. According to this table, the skew LVL of the present invention is higher than that of plywood and OSB. It is clear that it is excellent in strength.

  It is apparent from FIGS. 5 and 6 that the fiber direction of the single plate after lamination is the highest in strength when it is alternately inclined by about 45 ° with respect to the mouth and end of the laminated material 2. As shown in FIG. 5, even when the inclination angle is 30 ° to 60 °, the strength is substantially equivalent to that of OSB, and it is sufficiently durable for practical use. Further, the laminated single-plate layer 2a does not necessarily have to be alternately inclined in the opposite direction for each adjacent layer, and may be partially inserted with the fiber direction being orthogonal or parallel to the side. Is possible. In addition, although the arrow which shows the fiber direction a in the figure was shown by one direction for convenience, the fiber direction may be any direction before and behind the arrow.

(A), (B) is a top view which shows the cutting method of a sheet-like single board, and the manufacturing method of a laminated material, respectively. (A), (B), (C) is a top view which shows the example of the cutting method of the sheet-like single board of this invention, the joining method of the cut single board piece, and the lamination | stacking method of a single board, respectively. It is a fragmentary perspective view which shows the structure of the test material for the intensity | strength comparison of the I-shaped beam using the laminated material of this invention, and another board | plate material. It is a comparison figure of the laminated material of this invention by the test material shown in FIG. 3, and two other types of load displacement curves. It is a graph which shows the change of the shear force elastic modulus with respect to the fiber direction angle of a plywood. (A)-(C) are comparative explanatory drawings which show the kind of single board from which the fiber direction of a front board differs, and its shear strength.

Explanation of symbols

1 Single plate 1 'Bonded single plate 1a, 1'a Single plate small piece 2 Laminate 2a Single plate layer (bonded single plate)
a Fiber direction b Side end (side)
c, c 'cutting line

Claims (2)

A plurality of single plates that are cut and formed into a sheet shape to form a single plate layer (2'a) in the laminated cross section, and the fiber directions (a) of the single plate layers (2'a) that are adjacent vertically are opposite to each other. A laminated material (2) that is laminated and adhered so as to intersect at an inclination angle of 60 ° to 120 °,
The single plate layer (2'a) is inclined with a side end (c) parallel to each other along the fiber direction (a) and an inclination angle of 30 ° to 60 ° with respect to the side end (c). A plurality of divided pieces (1'a) having intersecting other side ends (c ') parallel to each other are arranged in a strip shape or a strip shape along the side ends (c) along the fiber direction. becomes, the respective divided pieces (1'a) is a rotary fiber direction were cut formed into a sheet by rotary race (a) is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the side edge (b) single plate (1) Is cut and divided into a substantially square or rectangle along the cutting line (c) in the same direction as the fiber direction (a) to form a primary single plate piece (1a), and then a number of cut single units By connecting the side edges (b) on the non-cutting side intersecting with the cutting line (c) of the plate piece (1a) in sequence, the strip or short A book-like joined single plate (1 ') is formed, and the joined single plate (1') is inclined at an angle of 30 ° to 60 ° with respect to the longitudinal end (cut line c in the rotary single plate). Cut again at the inclined cutting line (c ′), and the parallel cutting line (c) in the same direction as the fiber direction (a) and another parallel cutting line (c ′) are parallel. A skew type single plate laminated material which is formed of a quadrangular shape and further has the other side edges (c ') aligned between adjacent single plate layers (2'a) in the laminated section.   2. The skew type veneer laminate according to claim 1, wherein an inclination angle of the other side end (c ′) with respect to the side end (c) along the fiber direction (a) is about 45 °.

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