JP2021122803A - Crushing device, fibrillation device and fiber structure manufacturing device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a crushing device capable of more surely guiding a material to a crushing part, a fibrillation device, and a fiber structure manufacturing device.SOLUTION: The crushing device includes a crushing part for crushing a material containing a fiber, a guide part having a guide surface for guiding the material during falling to the crushing part, and a gas jet part having a jet port for jetting gas toward the guide surface. A jet direction of the gas from the jet port is preferably a direction having a vector component from a vertical upper part to a vertical lower part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

The present invention relates to a crushing device, a defibrating device, and a fiber structure manufacturing device.

In recent years, a dry sheet manufacturing apparatus that does not use water as much as possible has been proposed. This sheet manufacturing apparatus analyzes, for example, a coarsely crushed portion for coarsely crushing a material containing fibers, a defibrated portion for reselecting coarsely crushed pieces generated in the coarsely crushed portion, and a defibrated product produced in the defibrated portion. It is known that a deposit portion for forming a deposit portion and a molding portion for molding the deposit deposited by the deposit portion are provided.

Among these, examples of the coarsely crushed portion include a shredder as described in Patent Document 1. The shredder of Patent Document 1 includes a guide chute for carrying in a sheet-like material, a cutting mechanism having a rotary blade for cutting the brought-in sheet-like material, and a waste container for accommodating a cutting piece.

JP 2015-134329

However, depending on various conditions such as the amount of charge of the sheet-like material, the sheet-like material carried into the guide chute may stick to the guide chute. If the sheet-like material sticks to the guide chute, several sheet-like materials may be collectively supplied to the cutting mechanism. Depending on the degree, a paper jam may occur in the cutting mechanism, or a high load may be applied to the Schroeder cutting motor.

The crushing apparatus of the present invention includes a crushing portion for crushing a material containing fibers and a crushing portion.
A guide portion having a guide surface for guiding the falling material to the coarsely crushed portion,
It is characterized by including a gas ejection portion having an outlet for ejecting gas toward the guide surface.

The defibrating device of the present invention includes the crushing device of the present invention and
It is characterized by including a defibrating portion for defibrating the coarsely crushed pieces crushed by the crushing device.

The fiber structure manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes the defibrating apparatus of the present invention.
A depositing part for depositing the defibrated product produced by the defibrating device, and
It is characterized by including a molding portion for molding the deposit generated in the deposit portion.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a fiber structure manufacturing apparatus including the crushing apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic view for explaining the positional relationship of each part of the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and is a view seen from above vertically. FIG. 3 is a schematic view for explaining the positional relationship of each part of the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and is a view seen from the direction of arrow A in FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the crushing apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a view seen from the direction of arrow B in FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of the coarse crusher shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a crushing apparatus according to the second embodiment.

Hereinafter, the coarse crushing apparatus, the defibrating apparatus, and the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail based on the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a fiber structure manufacturing apparatus including the crushing apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic view for explaining the positional relationship of each part of the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and is a view seen from above vertically. FIG. 3 is a schematic view for explaining the positional relationship of each part of the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and is a view seen from the direction of arrow A in FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the crushing apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a view seen from the direction of arrow B in FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of the coarse crusher shown in FIG.

In the following, for convenience of explanation, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, three axes orthogonal to each other are referred to as an x-axis, a y-axis, and a z-axis. Further, the xy plane including the x-axis and the y-axis is horizontal, and the z-axis is vertical. The direction in which the arrows of each axis point is called "+", and the opposite direction is called "-". Further, the upper side of FIGS. 1, 3, 4 and 5 may be referred to as "upper" or "upper", and the lower side may be referred to as "lower" or "lower".

Note that FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram, and the positional relationship of each part of the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100 is significantly different from the positional relationship shown in the drawing. Further, in each figure, the raw material M1, the coarsely crushed piece M2, the defibrated product M3, the first sorted product M4-1, the second sorted product M4-2, the first web M5, the subdivision M6, the mixture M7, and the second web M8. , The direction in which the sheet S and the sheet S1 are conveyed, that is, the direction indicated by the arrow is also referred to as a transfer direction. Further, the tip side of the arrow is also referred to as the upstream side in the transport direction, and the base end side of the arrow is also referred to as the downstream side in the transport direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100 coarsely crushes and defibrate the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 described later, mixes and deposits the binding material, and forms the deposit by the molding unit 20. It is a device for obtaining a molded product.

Further, the molded product produced by the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100 may have a sheet shape such as recycled paper or a block shape. Further, the density of the molded product is not particularly limited, and a molded product having a relatively high fiber density such as a sheet may be used, or a molded product having a relatively low fiber density such as a sponge body may be used. , A molded product in which these characteristics are mixed may be used.

In the following, the raw material M1 will be used or unnecessary used paper, and the manufactured molded product will be described as a recycled paper sheet S.

The fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a raw material supply unit 11, a coarse crushing apparatus 12 of the present invention, a defibration unit 13, a sorting unit 14, a first web forming unit 15, and a subdivision unit 16. , Mixing part 17, Dispersing part 18, Second web forming part 19 which is a depositing part, Molding part 20, Cutting part 21, Stock part 22, Recovery part 27, and control to control their operation. A unit 28 and a unit 28 are provided. Further, the defibrating device 10 of the present invention is configured by the coarse crushing device 12 and the defibrating section 13.

Further, the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100 includes a humidifying section 231, a humidifying section 232, a humidifying section 233, a humidifying section 234, a humidifying section 235, and a humidifying section 236. In addition, the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100 includes a blower 261, a blower 262, and a blower 263.

Further, in the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100, a raw material supply step, a coarse crushing step, a defibration step, a sorting step, a first web forming step, a dividing step, a mixing step, a loosening step, and a second The web forming step, the sheet forming step, and the cutting step are executed in this order.

Hereinafter, the configuration of each part will be described.
The raw material supply unit 11 is a portion that performs a raw material supply step of supplying the raw material M1 to the coarse crushing apparatus 12. The raw material M1 is a sheet-like material made of a fiber-containing material containing cellulose fibers. The cellulose fiber may be a fiber containing cellulose as a compound as a main component and may contain hemicellulose or lignin in addition to cellulose. Further, the raw material M1 may be in any form such as a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric. Further, the raw material M1 may be, for example, recycled paper produced by defibrating used paper, recycled and manufactured, synthetic paper YUPO paper (registered trademark), or not recycled paper. Further, in the present embodiment, the raw material M1 is used or unnecessary used paper.

The crushing apparatus 12 performs a crushing step of coarsely crushing the raw material M1 supplied from the raw material supply unit 11 and the cutting chips cut by the cutting unit 21 described later in the air such as the atmosphere to produce crushed pieces M2. This is the part to do. The configuration of the crushing device 12 will be described in detail later. The coarsely crushed piece M2 generated by the crushing apparatus 12 passes through the pipe 241 and is conveyed to the defibration portion 13.

The defibration section 13 is a portion that performs a defibration step of defibrating the coarsely crushed piece M2 in the air, that is, by a dry method. By the defibration treatment in the defibration section 13, the defibrated product M3 can be produced from the coarsely crushed pieces M2. Here, "defibrating" means unraveling the coarsely crushed piece M2, which is formed by binding a plurality of fibers, into individual fibers. Then, this unraveled product becomes the defibrated product M3. The shape of the defibrated product M3 is linear or strip-shaped. Further, the defibrated products M3 may exist in a state of being intertwined and agglomerated, that is, in a state of forming a so-called "lump".

For example, in the present embodiment, the defibration portion 13 is composed of an impeller mill having a rotary blade that rotates at high speed and a liner located on the outer periphery of the rotary blade. The coarsely crushed piece M2 that has flowed into the defibration portion 13 is sandwiched between the rotary blade and the liner and defibrated.

Further, the defibration unit 13 can generate an air flow from the coarse crushing device 12 toward the sorting unit 14, that is, an air flow, by rotating the rotary blade. As a result, the coarsely crushed piece M2 can be sucked from the tube 241 to the defibration portion 13. Further, after the defibration treatment, the defibrated product M3 can be sent to the sorting unit 14 via the tube 242.

A blower 261 is installed in the middle of the pipe 242. The blower 261 is an airflow generator that generates an airflow toward the sorting unit 14. As a result, the delivery of the defibrated product M3 to the sorting unit 14 is promoted.

The sorting unit 14 is a part that performs a sorting step of sorting the defibrated product M3 according to the size of the fiber length. In the sorting unit 14, the defibrated product M3 is sorted into a first sorted product M4-1 and a second sorted product M4-2 which is larger than the first sorted product M4-1. The first sorted product M4-1 has a size suitable for the subsequent production of the sheet S. The average length is preferably 1 μm or more and 30 μm or less. On the other hand, the second selected product M4-2 includes, for example, those with insufficient defibration, those in which the defibrated fibers are excessively agglutinated, and the like.

The sorting unit 14 has a drum unit 141 and a housing unit 142 for accommodating the drum unit 141.

The drum portion 141 is a sieve formed of a cylindrical net body and rotating around the central axis thereof. The defibrated product M3 flows into the drum portion 141. Then, by rotating the drum portion 141, the defibrated product M3 smaller than the mesh opening is sorted as the first sorted product M4-1, and the defibrated product M3 having a size larger than the mesh opening of the mesh is displayed. It is sorted as the second sort M4-2.
The first sorted product M4-1 falls from the drum portion 141.

On the other hand, the second sorted product M4-2 is sent out to the pipe 243 connected to the drum portion 141. The side of the pipe 243 opposite to the drum portion 141, that is, the upstream side is connected to the pipe 241. The second sorted product M4-2 that has passed through the pipe 243 merges with the coarse crushed piece M2 in the pipe 241 and flows into the defibration portion 13 together with the coarse crushed piece M2. As a result, the second sorted product M4-2 is returned to the defibration section 13 and defibrated together with the coarsely crushed piece M2.

Further, the first sorted object M4-1 that has fallen from the drum portion 141 falls while being dispersed in the air, and heads for the first web forming portion 15 located below the drum portion 141. The first web forming unit 15 is a part that performs the first web forming step of forming the first web M5 from the first selected product M4-1. The first web forming portion 15 has a mesh belt 151, three tension rollers 152, and a suction portion 153.

The mesh belt 151 is an endless belt on which the first sort product M4-1 is deposited. The mesh belt 151 is hung around three tension rollers 152. Then, the first sorted object M4-1 on the mesh belt 151 is conveyed to the downstream side by the rotational drive of the tension roller 152.

The size of the first sorted product M4-1 is larger than the opening of the mesh belt 151. As a result, the first sorted product M4-1 is restricted from passing through the mesh belt 151, and thus can be deposited on the mesh belt 151. Further, since the first sorted product M4-1 is conveyed to the downstream side together with the mesh belt 151 while being deposited on the mesh belt 151, it is formed as a layered first web M5.

Further, the first sorted product M4-1 may contain, for example, dust or dust. Dust and dust can be produced, for example, by coarse crushing and defibration. Then, such dust and dust will be collected by the collection unit 27, which will be described later.

The suction unit 153 is a suction mechanism that sucks air from below the mesh belt 151. As a result, the dust and the dust that have passed through the mesh belt 151 can be sucked together with the air.

Further, the suction unit 153 is connected to the collection unit 27 via a pipe 244. The dust and dirt sucked by the suction unit 153 are collected by the collection unit 27.

A pipe 245 is further connected to the recovery unit 27. A blower 262 is installed in the middle of the pipe 245. By operating the blower 262, a suction force can be generated at the suction unit 153. This promotes the formation of the first web M5 on the mesh belt 151. The first web M5 has dust, dust, and the like removed. Further, the dust and the dust pass through the pipe 244 and reach the collection unit 27 by the operation of the blower 262.

The housing portion 142 is connected to the humidifying portion 232. The humidifying section 232 is composed of a vaporization type humidifier. As a result, humidified air is supplied into the housing portion 142. This humidified air can humidify the first sorted product M4-1, and thus can prevent the first sorted product M4-1 from adhering to the inner wall of the housing portion 142 due to electrostatic force.

A humidifying section 235 is arranged on the downstream side of the sorting section 14. The humidifying section 235 is composed of an ultrasonic humidifier that sprays water. As a result, water can be supplied to the first web M5, and thus the amount of water in the first web M5 is adjusted. By this adjustment, the adsorption of the first web M5 to the mesh belt 151 due to the electrostatic force can be suppressed. As a result, the first web M5 is easily peeled off from the mesh belt 151 at the position where the mesh belt 151 is folded back by the tension roller 152.

A subdivision portion 16 is arranged on the downstream side of the humidifying portion 235. The subdivided portion 16 is a portion for performing a dividing step for dividing the first web M5 peeled from the mesh belt 151. The subdivision portion 16 has a propeller 161 rotatably supported and a housing portion 162 for accommodating the propeller 161. Then, the first web M5 can be divided by the rotating propeller 161. The divided first web M5 becomes a subdivision M6. Further, the subdivision M6 descends in the housing portion 162.

The housing portion 162 is connected to the humidifying portion 233. The humidifying section 233 is composed of a vaporization type humidifier similar to the humidifying section 231. As a result, humidified air is supplied into the housing portion 162. The humidified air can also prevent the subdivision M6 from adhering to the inner walls of the propeller 161 and the housing portion 162 due to electrostatic force.

A mixing portion 17 is arranged on the downstream side of the subdivision portion 16. The mixing unit 17 is a portion that performs a mixing step of mixing the subdivision M6 and the resin P1. The mixing unit 17 has a resin supply unit 171, a pipe 172, and a blower 173.

The pipe 172 connects the housing portion 162 of the subdivision portion 16 and the housing portion 182 of the dispersion portion 18, and is a flow path through which the mixture M7 of the subdivision M6 and the resin P1 passes.

A resin supply unit 171 is connected in the middle of the pipe 172. The resin supply unit 171 has a screw feeder 174. When the screw feeder 174 is rotationally driven, the resin P1 can be supplied to the pipe 172 as powder or particles. The resin P1 supplied to the tube 172 is mixed with the subdivision M6 to form a mixture M7.

The resin P1 is a bonding material that binds fibers to each other in a later step. For example, a thermoplastic resin, a curable resin, or the like can be used, but it is preferable to use a thermoplastic resin. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include AS resin, ABS resin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyolefins such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, modified polyolefins, acrylic resins such as polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, and poly. Polyester such as butylene terephthalate, nylon 6, nylon 46, nylon 66, nylon 610, nylon 612, nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 6-12, nylon 6-66 and other polyamides, polyphenylene ether, polyacetal, polyether, polyphenylene oxide. , Polyether ether ketone, Polycarbonate, Polyphenylene sulfide, Thermoplastic polyimide, Polyesterimide, Liquid crystal polymer such as aromatic polyester, styrene-based, Polyester-based, Polyvinyl chloride-based, Polyester-based, Polyester-based, Polyester-based, Polybutadiene-based, Examples thereof include various thermoplastic elastomers such as transpolyisoprene-based, fluororubber-based, and chlorinated polyethylene-based, and one or a combination of two or more selected from these can be used. Preferably, as the thermoplastic resin, polyester or a resin containing the same is used.

In addition to the resin P1, the resin supply unit 171 supplies, for example, a colorant for coloring the fibers, an aggregation inhibitor for suppressing the aggregation of the fibers and the aggregation of the resin P1, fibers, and the like. It may contain a flame retardant for making it hard to burn, a paper strength enhancer for enhancing the paper strength of the sheet S, and the like. Alternatively, the resin P1 may be previously impregnated with the resin P1 to be composited, and the resin P1 may be supplied from the resin supply unit 171.

Further, in the middle of the pipe 172, a blower 173 is installed on the downstream side of the resin supply unit 171. The subdivision M6 and the resin P1 are mixed by the action of the rotating portion such as the blades of the blower 173. Further, the blower 173 can generate an air flow toward the dispersion portion 18. By this air flow, the subdivision M6 and the resin P1 can be agitated in the pipe 172. As a result, the mixture M7 can flow into the dispersion portion 18 in a state where the subdivision M6 and the resin P1 are uniformly dispersed. Further, the subdivision M6 in the mixture M7 is loosened in the process of passing through the pipe 172 to become a finer fibrous form.

The dispersion portion 18 is a portion of the mixture M7 that performs a loosening step of loosening the entangled fibers. The dispersion portion 18 has a drum portion 181 and a housing portion 182 for accommodating the drum portion 181.

The drum portion 181 is a sieve formed of a cylindrical net body and rotating around the central axis thereof. The mixture M7 flows into the drum portion 181. Then, as the drum portion 181 rotates, fibers or the like of the mixture M7, which are smaller than the mesh size of the mesh, can pass through the drum portion 181. At that time, the mixture M7 will be loosened.

The housing portion 182 is connected to the humidifying portion 234. The humidifying section 234 is composed of a vaporization type humidifier similar to the humidifying section 231. As a result, humidified air is supplied into the housing portion 182. The inside of the housing portion 182 can be humidified by this humidified air, and therefore, it is possible to prevent the mixture M7 from adhering to the inner wall of the housing portion 182 by electrostatic force.

Further, the mixture M7 loosened by the drum portion 181 falls while being dispersed in the air, and heads toward the second web forming portion 19 located below the drum portion 181. The second web forming unit 19 is a portion that performs a second web forming step of forming the second web M8 from the mixture M7. The second web forming portion 19 has a mesh belt 191, a tension roller 192, and a suction portion 193.

The mesh belt 191 is an endless belt on which the mixture M7 is deposited. The mesh belt 191 is hung around four tension rollers 192. Then, the mixture M7 on the mesh belt 191 is conveyed to the downstream side by the rotational drive of the tension roller 192.

Also, most of the mixture M7 on the mesh belt 191 is larger than the opening of the mesh belt 191. This restricts the mixture M7 from passing through the mesh belt 191 and thus can be deposited on the mesh belt 191. Further, since the mixture M7 is conveyed to the downstream side together with the mesh belt 191 while being deposited on the mesh belt 191, it is formed as a layered second web M8.

The suction unit 193 is a suction mechanism that sucks air from below the mesh belt 191. This allows the mixture M7 to be sucked onto the mesh belt 191 and thus facilitates the deposition of the mixture M7 on the mesh belt 191.

A pipe 246 is connected to the suction unit 193. A blower 263 is installed in the middle of the pipe 246. By operating the blower 263, a suction force can be generated at the suction unit 193.

A humidifying section 236 is arranged on the downstream side of the dispersion section 18. The humidifying section 236 is composed of an ultrasonic humidifier similar to the humidifying section 235. As a result, water can be supplied to the second web M8, and thus the amount of water in the second web M8 is adjusted. By this adjustment, the adsorption of the second web M8 to the mesh belt 191 due to the electrostatic force can be suppressed. As a result, the second web M8 is easily peeled off from the mesh belt 191 at the position where the mesh belt 191 is folded back by the tension roller 192.

The total amount of water added to the humidifying portions 231 to 236 is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the material before humidification.

A molding portion 20 is arranged on the downstream side of the second web forming portion 19. The molding unit 20 is a portion that performs a sheet forming step of forming the sheet S from the second web M8. The molding section 20 has a pressurizing section 201 and a heating section 202.

The pressurizing unit 201 has a pair of calendar rollers 203, and the second web M8 can be pressurized between the calendar rollers 203 without heating. As a result, the density of the second web M8 is increased. The degree of heating at this time is preferably such that the resin P1 is not melted, for example. Then, the second web M8 is conveyed toward the heating unit 202. One of the pair of calendar rollers 203 is a driving roller driven by the operation of a motor (not shown), and the other is a driven roller.

The heating unit 202 has a pair of heating rollers 204, and can pressurize the second web M8 while heating the second web M8 between the heating rollers 204. Further, the heating unit 202 has a function as a transport unit for transporting the web M8 downstream. By this heating and pressurizing, the resin P1 is melted in the second web M8, and the fibers are bound to each other through the melted resin P1. As a result, the sheet S is formed. Then, the sheet S is conveyed toward the cutting portion 21. One of the pair of heating rollers 204 is a driving roller driven by the operation of a motor (not shown), and the other is a driven roller.

A cutting portion 21 is arranged on the downstream side of the molding portion 20. The cutting portion 21 is a portion for performing a cutting step for cutting the sheet S. The cutting portion 21 has a first cutting portion 211 and a second cutting portion 212.

The first cutting portion 211 cuts the sheet S in a direction intersecting the conveying direction of the sheet S, particularly in a direction orthogonal to the conveying direction.

The second cutting portion 212 cuts the sheet S in a direction parallel to the conveying direction of the sheet S on the downstream side of the first cutting portion 211. In this cutting, both side ends of the sheet S, that is, unnecessary portions of the ends in the + y-axis direction and the −y-axis direction are removed as shown in FIG. 3, and the width of the sheet S is adjusted. The portion that has been cut and removed is so-called "mimi". Hereinafter, the portion cut and removed is referred to as a sheet S1.

As shown in FIG. 3, the second cutting unit 212 includes a first cutting unit 213 that cuts an end portion of the sheet S in the + y axis direction and a second cutting unit that cuts an end portion of the sheet S in the −y axis direction. It has 214 and. The first cutting unit 213 and the second cutting unit 214 are arranged apart from each other in this order from the + y-axis side. Since the first cutting unit 213 and the second cutting unit 214 have the same configuration, the first cutting unit 213 will be described below as a representative.

The first cutting unit 213 has two rotary blades 215. The rotary blades 215 are arranged side by side along the z-axis via the transport path of the sheet S. Further, each rotary blade 215 has a disk shape and is arranged so that the thickness direction is along the y-axis direction. The outer edge portion of the rotary blade 215 has a sharp cutting edge, and when passing between the rotary blades 215, the sheet S can be cut along the transport direction.

The sheet S1 is formed by such a second cut portion 212. Further, as will be described later, this sheet S1 is supplied to the coarse crushing device 12 and becomes a coarse crushed piece M2. On the other hand, the sheet S having a desired shape and size is further transported to the downstream side and accumulated in the stock portion 22.

Each part of the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100 described above is electrically connected to the control unit 28. The operation of each of these units is controlled by the control unit 28.

The control unit 28 has a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 281 and a storage unit 282. The CPU 281 can perform various determinations, various commands, and the like, for example.

The storage unit 282 stores, for example, various programs such as a program for manufacturing the sheet S.

Further, the control unit 28 may be built in the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100, or may be provided in an external device such as an external computer. Further, when the external device communicates with the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100 via a cable or the like, or when wirelessly communicates with the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100, for example, a network such as the Internet is connected via the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100. There are cases where it has been done.

Further, the CPU 281 and the storage unit 282 may be integrated into one unit, for example, the CPU 281 is built in the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100, and the storage unit 282 is an external computer or the like. The storage unit 282 may be built in the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100, and the CPU 281 may be provided in an external device such as an external computer.

Next, the positional relationship of each part of the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100 has a housing 50 for accommodating the above-mentioned parts. The crushing device 12, the defibrating section 13, the sorting section 14, the first web forming section 15, the subdividing section 16, the mixing section 17, the dispersion section 18, the second web forming section 19, and the forming section. The 20 and the cutting portion 21 are installed in the housing 50. Further, the raw material supply unit 11 is installed outside the housing 50 and on the + y-axis side of the housing 50. Further, the stock portion 22 is installed on the outside of the housing 50 and on the −x-axis side of the housing 50.

As shown in FIG. 2, the crushing device 12 is installed at a position in the housing 50 on the + y-axis side and unevenly distributed on the −x-axis side. The defibrating portion 13 is installed on the −y axis side of the coarse crushing device 12. The sorting unit 14, the first web forming unit 15, and the subdivision unit 16 are installed on the + x-axis side of the defibration unit 13. The mixing unit 17 is installed on the + x-axis side of the sorting unit 14, the first web forming unit 15, and the subdivision unit 16. The dispersion portion 18 and the second web forming portion 19 are installed on the + y-axis side of the mixing portion 17. The molding portion 20 is installed on the −x-axis side of the dispersion portion 18 and the second web forming portion 19. The cutting portion 21 is installed on the −x-axis side of the molding portion 20. The sheet S that has passed through the cutting portion 21 is conveyed to the −x-axis side and discharged to the outside of the housing 50, that is, to the stock portion 22.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the cutting portion 21 is installed on the + z-axis side of the crushing device 12. As a result, the stain cut by the second cutting portion 212 of the cutting portion 21, that is, the sheet S1 falls downward and is supplied to the coarse crushing device 12. As a result, the sheet S1 can be roughly crushed together with the raw material M1 again, and the yield can be increased.

Since the sheet S1 is formed by being cut by the second cutting portion 212 in a state where tension is applied to the sheet S, the sheet S1 is curved in the thickness direction and has a flexible shape. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, since the end portions of the sheet S1 are held by the first cutting unit 213 and the second cutting unit 214, respectively, the sheet S1 has a shape that is further bent in the thickness direction due to gravity. .. When the two sheets S1 are cut, they fall toward the coarsely crushed portion 3 as they are.

Next, the crushing apparatus 12 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the coarse crushing apparatus 12 includes a rough crushing portion 3 for coarsely crushing the raw material M1 and the sheet S1, a guide portion 4 for guiding the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 to the rough crushing portion 3, and a gas. It has a ejection portion 5 and.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the crushing portion 3 has a pair of crushing blades 31 and a chute 32. The pair of coarse crushing blades 31 can roughly crush the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 between them, that is, cut them into coarse crushed pieces M2 by rotating in opposite directions. The pair of coarse crushing blades 31 have a columnar or cylindrical shape extending in the x-axis direction. Further, the pair of coarse crushing blades 31 are arranged side by side in the y-axis direction.

The shape and size of the coarsely crushed piece M2 are preferably suitable for the defibration treatment in the defibration portion 13, for example, a small piece having a side length of 100 mm or less, and 10 mm or more and 70 mm or less. It is more preferably a small piece.

As shown in FIG. 3, the chute 32 is installed on the −z axis side of the pair of coarse crushing blades 31. The chute 32 has a funnel shape. Thereby, the coarse crushed piece M2 can be received. A tube 241 is connected to the chute 32. The tube 241 connects the chute 32 and the defibrating portion 13. As a result, the coarse crushed piece M2 can be conveyed to the defibration section 13 via the pipe 241.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the guide portion 4 is a chute installed vertically above the coarsely crushed portion 3, that is, on the + z-axis side. The guide portion 4 has a wall portion 41, a wall portion 42, a wall portion 43, and a wall portion 44. Further, by joining the wall portion 41, the wall portion 42, the wall portion 43, and the wall portion 44 to each other, an opening 4A is formed on the + z-axis side and an opening 4B is formed on the −z-axis side.

The opening 4A is an introduction port for introducing the raw material M1 and the sheet S1. On the other hand, the opening 4B is a discharge port for discharging the raw material M1 and the sheet S1.

The wall portion 41 and the wall portion 42 are arranged so as to face each other in the y-axis direction. The wall portion 41 is located on the + y-axis side, and the wall portion 42 is located on the −y-axis side. Further, the wall portion 43 and the wall portion 44 are arranged so as to face each other in the x-axis direction. The wall portion 43 is located on the + x-axis side, and the wall portion 44 is located on the −x-axis side.

Further, the inner surfaces of the wall portions 41 to 44 are guide surfaces 440 that guide the falling raw material M1 and the sheet S1 to the coarsely crushed portion 3. The guide surface 440 has a first guide surface 411, a second guide surface 421, a third guide surface 431, and a fourth guide surface 441. The inner surface of the wall portion 41 is the first guide surface 411, the inner surface of the wall portion 42 is the second guide surface 421, the inner surface of the wall portion 43 is the third guide surface 431, and the inner surface of the wall portion 44. However, it is the fourth guide surface 441. The dropped raw material M1 and the sheet S1 come into contact with any of the first guide surfaces 411 to the fourth guide surface 441, and are guided to the opening 4B while sliding.

Further, the wall portion 41 and the wall portion 42 are inclined in opposite directions. The wall portion 41 and the wall portion 42 are inclined in a direction in which the separation distance decreases toward the −z axis side. In other words, the first guide surface 411 and the second guide surface 421 are inclined so that the separation distance becomes smaller toward the vertical lower side, that is, toward the −z axis side. As a result, the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 that have fallen to the guide portion 4 can be more effectively guided to the coarsely crushed portion 3.

As described above, the guide surface 440 has a first guide surface 411 and a second guide surface 421 that are vertically above the coarsely crushed portion 3 and face each other via the coarsely crushed portion 3. The first guide surface 411 and the second guide surface 421 are inclined so that the separation distance becomes smaller toward the vertically downward direction. As a result, the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 that have fallen to the guide portion 4 can be more effectively guided to the coarsely crushed portion 3.

Next, the gas ejection unit 5 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, it has an ejection unit main body 52 having an ejection port 51 for ejecting gas, a supply pipe 53, a blower 54, a humidifying portion 55, and a static elimination portion 56.

The ejection portion main body 52 has a lumen portion 520, and is composed of a block-shaped box whose outer shape extends in the y-axis direction. The ejection portion main body 52 is installed on the + z-axis side and the −x-axis side of the guide portion 4. Specifically, the ejection portion main body 52 is installed on the + z-axis side of the wall portion 44. Further, the wall portion 521 on the + x-axis side of the ejection portion main body 52, that is, the wall portion 521 on the guide portion 4 side is inclined with respect to the yz plane. Further, the wall portion 521 is inclined so as to face the inside of the guide portion 4, that is, to face the guide surface 440 side.

Further, the wall portion 521 is provided with a spout 51. The spout 51 is composed of a through hole penetrating the wall portion 521 in the thickness direction. That is, the lumen portion 520 and the outside of the ejection portion main body 52 communicate with each other via the ejection port 51. As described above, since the wall portion 521 is inclined so as to face the guide surface 440 side, the ejection port 51 ejects gas toward the guide surface 440.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, six spouts 51 are unevenly distributed on the + y-axis side, that is, six positions corresponding to the first guide surface 411, and six positions are unevenly distributed on the −y-axis side, that is, the second. Six are provided at positions corresponding to the guide surface 421, for a total of twelve. The six spouts 51 on the first guide surface 411 side form a matrix of three x two rows, and the six spouts 51 on the second guide surface 421 side also form a matrix of three x two rows. I'm doing it.

Further, a blower 54 is connected to the ejection portion main body 52 via a supply pipe 53. The supply pipe 53 is connected to the + y-axis side of the ejection portion main body 52. By the operation of the blower 54, gas is supplied to the lumen portion 520 of the ejection portion main body 52 through the supply pipe 53, and the gas is ejected from each ejection port 51. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the blower 54 is electrically connected to the control unit 28, and its operation is controlled by the control unit 28.

Here, since the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 have a sheet shape, if the main surface of the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 stick to the guide surface 440 during dropping, they may stay at the positions. In addition, depending on the amount of charge of the raw material M1 and the sheet S1, it may easily stick to the guide surface 440. When the raw material M1 or the sheet S1 sticks to the guide surface 440, some raw materials M1 or the sheet S1 may be collectively supplied to the coarsely crushed portion 3. Depending on the degree, the coarsely crushed portion 3 may be clogged with the raw material M1 or the sheet S1. Moreover, even if it is not clogged, the quantitativeness is impaired.

On the other hand, the crushing device 12 has a gas ejection unit 5 that ejects gas from the ejection port 51 toward the guide surface 440. As a result, even if the main surfaces of the falling raw material M1 and the sheet S1 try to adhere to the guide surface 440 in close contact with each other, they can be physically separated by air pressure. As a result, the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 can be effectively guided to the coarsely crushed portion 3.

Further, since the sticking of the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 can be prevented or suppressed, the quantitativeness is excellent. Therefore, the roughing apparatus 12 of the present invention is suitable for producing the sheet S, and a high quality sheet S can be obtained.

Further, when the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 contain cellulose fibers, they are less likely to be charged by cutting by the cutting portion 21, and tend to be less likely to stick to the guide surface 440, which is advantageous.

Further, the sheet S1 which is a material is a strip-shaped cutting waste in which the edge portion of the conveyed sheet S is cut. As described above, when the sheet S is cut, the sheet S is cut in a state where tension is applied to the sheet S, so that the sheet S1 has a shape that is curved in the thickness direction and has a deflection. With such a shape, the main surface of the sheet S1 can be made more difficult to adhere to the guide surface 440. Therefore, the sticking of the sheet S1 to the guide surface 440 can be prevented or suppressed more effectively.

Further, since the roughing apparatus 12 is shared by the raw material M1 and the sheet S1, the apparatus configuration of the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100 can be simplified.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the ejection port 51 ejects gas from vertically above to diagonally downward. That is, the gas ejection direction from the ejection port 51 is a direction having a vector component from vertically above to vertically downward. Thereby, the falling of the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 can be effectively promoted. Therefore, it is possible to more effectively prevent or suppress the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 from sticking to the guide surface 440.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, since the sheet S1 is formed by cutting the sheet S conveyed in the −x axis direction, the vector component in the −x axis direction while falling is generated. Move in the direction of holding. On the other hand, the ejection port 51 ejects gas from vertically upward to diagonally downward, and the ejection direction has a vector component toward the + x-axis direction. That is, the ejection direction and the falling direction have vector components that are opposite to each other, in other words, counter directions.

As described above, the sheet S1 which is a material falls into the coarsely crushed portion 3 while moving in the direction intersecting the vertical direction, and the sheet S1 intersects the vertical direction in the gas ejection direction from the ejection port 51. It is a direction having a vector component in the direction opposite to the direction of moving in the direction of moving. Thereby, the posture of the seat S1 while falling or sliding on the guide surface 440 can be effectively changed. Therefore, sticking of the sheet S1 to the guide surface 440 can be effectively prevented or suppressed.

Further, the ejection port 51 preferably ejects gas intermittently. That is, it is preferable that the control unit 28 switches the energization of the blower 54 on and off over time. As a result, it is possible to reduce the power consumption as compared with the case where the gas is continuously ejected. Further, it is possible to effectively prevent or suppress the formation of air stagnation in the guide portion 4. Therefore, the sticking of the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 to the guide surface 440 can be effectively prevented or suppressed.

It should be noted that the method is not limited to the method of switching the energization of the blower 54 on and off over time, and the gas is intermittently ejected by, for example, a method of providing a throttle valve in each flow path and adjusting the opening degree. May be good.

Further, even if the gas ejection unit 5 is configured to continuously eject gas, the same effect as described above can be obtained by adjusting the ejection amount or changing the ejection direction over time. Can be done.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a humidifying portion 55 is connected in the middle of the supply pipe 53, that is, between the ejection portion main body 52 and the blower 54. As a result, the gas ejected by the ejection port 51 can be humidified.

The humidity of the gas ejected from the ejection port 51 is preferably 50% RH or more and 80% RH or less, and more preferably 55% RH or more and 65% RH or less. Thereby, the water content of the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 can be appropriately adjusted. Therefore, when the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 slide on the guide surface 440, it is possible to effectively prevent static electricity from being generated and the amount of charge being excessively increased. If the humidity of the gas ejected from the ejection port 51 is too low, the effect of humidification will be diminished. On the other hand, if the humidity of the gas ejected from the ejection port 51 is too high, dew condensation may occur on the guide surface 440 or the surfaces of the raw material M1 and the sheet S1, depending on the environmental temperature of the raw material M1 and the sheet S1. There is a risk that the effect of the present invention will be diminished due to dew condensation.

The humidifying portion 55 may be of either a vaporization type or an ultrasonic type, but the ultrasonic type is preferable. As a result, for example, a moisturizer or the like can be dissolved in the liquid in the humidifying portion 55. By dissolving the moisturizer, the gas ejected from the spout 51 is ejected together with the moisturizer. Thereby, the water content of the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 can be sufficiently maintained. Therefore, when the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 slide on the guide surface 440, it is possible to effectively prevent the charged amounts of the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 from being excessively increased.

The moisturizing agent is not particularly limited, and is, for example, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-. Hexanediol, 2-ethyl-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,2-dimethyl- 1,3-propanediol, 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol , Trimethylolpropane, glycerin and the like.

As shown in FIG. 6, a static elimination unit 56 is connected in the middle of the supply pipe 53, that is, between the ejection unit main body 52 and the blower 54. The static elimination unit 56 is composed of, for example, an ionizer. The static eliminator 56 emits ions for removing static electricity from the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 to the supply pipe 53. Thereby, the charged amounts of the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent or suppress the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 from sticking to the guide surface 440 due to the influence of static electricity.

The static elimination unit 56 is not limited to the above configuration, and may be configured such that the guide unit 4 is connected to the ground.

As described above, the gas ejection unit 5 has a static elimination unit 56 that reduces the amount of charge of the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 which are materials. Thereby, the charged amounts of the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent or suppress the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 from sticking to the guide surface 440 due to the influence of static electricity.

Further, it is preferable that the guide surface 440 is plated to suppress charging. The plating is not particularly limited as long as it has relatively high conductivity, and examples thereof include nickel plating, copper plating, and gold plating. Of these, nickel plating is preferable. In the case of nickel plating, in addition to the effect of suppressing an increase in the amount of charge, a rust preventive effect can also be obtained. Therefore, even when the humidity of the air from the ejection port 51 is relatively high, it is possible to prevent or suppress the guide portion 4 from rusting.

As described above, the coarse crushing apparatus 12 guides the rough crushing portion 3 for coarsely crushing the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 which are materials containing fibers, and the falling raw material M1 and the sheet S1 to the rough crushing portion 3. A guide portion 4 having a surface 440 and a gas ejection portion 5 having an outlet 51 for ejecting gas toward the guide surface 440 are provided. According to such a configuration, gas can be ejected to the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 that are falling while being guided by the guide surface 440. Therefore, even if the main surfaces of the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 try to stick to the guide surface 440, they are physically separated by air pressure to effectively prevent or suppress the sticking of the raw material M1 and the sheet S1. Can be done. As a result, the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 can be smoothly guided to the coarsely crushed portion 3. Further, since the sticking is prevented, it is possible to effectively prevent or suppress that some raw materials M1 or the sheet S1 are collectively supplied to the coarsely crushed portion 3, and the quantification is excellent. Therefore, when applied to the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100, the quality of the fiber structure can be improved.

In the present embodiment, the configuration in which the gas ejection portion 5 is provided above the wall portion 44 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the gas ejection portion 5 may be provided on the wall portion 41 and may be provided on the wall portion 41. It may be provided on the portion 42, may be provided on the wall portion 43, or may be a combination of two or more of these.

Further, the defibration device 10 includes a defibrating device 12 and a defibrating section 13 for defibrating the coarsely crushed pieces M2 coarsely crushed by the crushing device 12. As described above, since the coarsely crushed piece M2 is supplied from the coarse crushing apparatus 12 to the defibrating portion 13 with excellent quantitativeness, the quantification of the production of the defibrated product M3 is also excellent.

Further, the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus 100 includes a defibrating apparatus 10, a second web forming portion 19 which is a depositing portion for depositing the defibrated product M3 produced by the defibrating apparatus 10, and a second web forming portion 19. A molding unit 20 for molding the second web M8, which is the generated deposit, is provided. As a result, as described above, the defibrated product M3 is supplied quantitatively, so that the quality of the obtained fiber structure can be improved.

<Second Embodiment>
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a crushing apparatus according to the second embodiment.

Hereinafter, the second embodiment of the coarse crushing apparatus, the defibrating apparatus and the fiber structure manufacturing apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to these figures, but the differences from the above-described embodiments will be mainly described and the same. The description of the matter is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 7, a supply port 422 is provided on the wall portion 42 of the guide portion 4. The supply port 422 is an introduction port in which the wall portion 42 is formed of a through hole through which the wall portion 42 is penetrated in the y-axis direction, and the raw material M1 discharged from the raw material supply portion 11 is introduced into the guide portion 4.

According to such a configuration, the portion introduced into the guide portion 4 can be made different between the raw material M1 and the sheet S1. Therefore, both the raw material M1 and the sheet S1 can be more reliably dropped on the guide surface 440.

Although the crushing device, the defibrating device and the fiber structure manufacturing device of the present invention have been described above with respect to the illustrated embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and the crushing device, the defibrating device and the fiber are not limited thereto. Each part constituting the structure manufacturing apparatus can be replaced with an arbitrary configuration capable of exhibiting the same function. Further, any component may be added.

Further, the coarse crushing device, the defibrating device and the fiber structure manufacturing device of the present invention may be a combination of any two or more configurations and features of each of the above-described embodiments.

100 ... Fiber structure manufacturing equipment, 3 ... Coarse crushing unit, 4 ... Guide unit, 4A ... Opening, 4B ... Opening, 5 ... Gas ejection unit, 10 ... Defibering equipment, 11 ... Raw material supply unit, 12 ... Coarseing equipment , 13 ... defibration part, 14 ... sorting part, 15 ... first web forming part, 16 ... subdivision part, 17 ... mixing part, 18 ... dispersion part, 19 ... second web forming part, 20 ... molding part, 21 ... Cutting part, 22 ... Stock part, 27 ... Recovery part, 28 ... Control part, 31 ... Coarse cutting blade, 32 ... Shoot, 41 ... Wall part, 42 ... Wall part, 43 ... Wall part, 44 ... Wall part, 50 ... Housing, 51 ... spout, 52 ... spout main body, 53 ... supply pipe, 54 ... blower, 55 ... humidifying part, 56 ... static elimination part, 141 ... drum part, 142 ... housing part, 151 ... mesh belt, 152 ... Tension roller, 153 ... suction part, 161 ... propeller, 162 ... housing part, 171 ... resin supply part, 172 ... pipe, 173 ... blower, 174 ... screw feeder, 181 ... drum part, 182 ... housing part, 191 ... mesh Belt, 192 ... tension roller, 193 ... suction part, 201 ... pressurizing part, 202 ... heating part, 203 ... calendar roller, 204 ... heating roller, 211 ... first cutting part, 212 ... second cutting part, 213 ... 1st cutting unit, 214 ... 2nd cutting unit, 215 ... rotary blade, 231 ... humidifying part, 232 ... humidifying part, 233 ... humidifying part, 234 ... humidifying part, 235 ... humidifying part, 236 ... humidifying part, 241 ... tube , 242 ... tube, 243 ... tube, 244 ... tube, 245 ... tube, 246 ... tube, 261 ... blower, 262 ... blower, 263 ... blower, 281 ... CPU, 282 ... storage unit, 411 ... first guide surface, 421. ... 2nd guide surface, 422 ... Supply port, 431 ... 3rd guide surface, 440 ... Guide surface, 441 ... 4th guide surface, 520 ... Cavity part, 521 ... Wall part, M1 ... Raw material, M2 ... Coarse crushed piece, M3 ... defibrated product, M4-1 ... first sorted product, M4-2 ... second sorted product, M5 ... first web, M6 ... subdivision, M7 ... mixture, M8 ... second web, S ... sheet, S1 ... sheet, P1 ... resin

Claims (10)

A coarsely crushed part that coarsely crushes a material containing fibers,
A guide portion having a guide surface for guiding the falling material to the coarsely crushed portion,
A coarse crushing apparatus including a gas ejection portion having an outlet for ejecting gas toward the guide surface. The coarsening apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the gas ejection direction from the ejection port is a direction having a vector component from vertically above to vertically downward. The guide surface has a first guide surface and a second guide surface that are vertically above the coarsely crushed portion and face each other via the coarsely crushed portion.
The crushing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first guide surface and the second guide surface are inclined so that the separation distance becomes smaller toward the vertically downward direction. The material falls on the coarsely crushed portion while moving in a direction intersecting the vertical direction.
The coarsening apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gas ejection direction from the ejection port is a direction having a vector component in a direction opposite to the direction intersecting the vertical direction of the material. The coarse crushing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the spout is an intermittently ejecting gas. The coarse crushing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the humidity of the gas ejected from the spout is 50% RH or more and 80% RH or less. The coarse crushing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the gas ejection unit has a static elimination unit that reduces the amount of charge of the material. The roughing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the material is strip-shaped cutting waste in which the edge of the sheet being conveyed is cut. The crushing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
A defibrating apparatus including a defibrating portion for defibrating coarsely crushed pieces crushed by the crushing apparatus. The defibrating device according to claim 9 and
A depositing part for depositing the defibrated product produced by the defibrating device, and
A fiber structure manufacturing apparatus comprising: a molding portion for molding a deposit generated in the deposit portion.

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