JP2021105677A - Three-dimensional model - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide, with a user, an opportunity of practicing dural reconstruction surgery to be executed in nasal endoscopic surgery.SOLUTION: A three-dimensional model (1) in a region including the bone nasal cavity out of the cranial bone includes a front panel (11) having a first opening (115) corresponding to a piriform aperture, and a cylindrical member (12) corresponding to the bone nasal cavity continuing to the first opening (115). At least one part of the region out of an upper wall (121) of the cylindrical member (12) is comprised of a membrane-like member (126).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional model of the region of the skull that includes the nasal cavity.

In recent years, nasal endoscopic surgery has also been applied in the fields of otolaryngology and neurosurgery. Nasal endoscopic surgery is popular because it is less invasive than craniotomy.

Surgery to which transnasal endoscopy is applied in the fields of otolaryngology and neurosurgery includes surgery to remove a brain tumor in the base of the skull. In this surgical procedure, the sinuses are removed from the nose and the dura is incised to approach the brain, the tumor is removed, and then a membranous member that replaces the dura is sutured to the surrounding dura. Reconstructs the dura mater. Since this series of procedures is performed deeper in the narrow space of the nasal cavity, a high level of skill is required.

It is desirable to acquire the skills required for surgery before performing surgery on actual patients, but the opportunity for on-the-job training using specimens is scarce, and repeated training is required. Difficult to implement. In addition, the actual situation is that training methods (Off the job training) using models that imitate the human body are also limited. As one of the few training methods, Patent Document 1 discloses a method using a training device including an artificial head model and a blood vessel model. The purpose of this training device is to perform training for cutting the nasal bone and skull base bone with a drill or the like, and training for coping with bleeding from the internal carotid artery when the bone is cut.

Japanese Patent No. 5952452

Nasal endoscopic surgery carries the risk of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea as a postoperative complication, and reliable reconstruction of the dura is important to prevent this. Therefore, the technique of stitching a membranous member that replaces the dura mater with the surrounding dura mater (hereinafter referred to as a dura mater reconstruction technique) needs to be trained with particular emphasis.

However, the training device of Patent Document 1 is not provided with a member corresponding to the dura mater. Therefore, the training device of Patent Document 1 cannot carry out training on the dura mater reconstruction technique.

One aspect of the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a user with an opportunity to practice a dural reconstruction technique performed in nasal endoscopic surgery.

In order to solve the above problems, the three-dimensional model according to the first aspect is a three-dimensional model of the region of the skull including the nasal cavity, and has a front panel having a first opening corresponding to the piriform aperture. A tubular member including an upper wall corresponding to the bone and nasal cavity continuous from the first opening is provided, and at least a part of the upper wall is composed of a membranous member.

By utilizing the three-dimensional model configured as described above, the user can cut or suture a membranous member that looks like a dura mater using an endoscope. Therefore, the three-dimensional model according to the first aspect can provide the user with an opportunity to practice the dural reconstruction technique performed in nasal endoscopic surgery.

In the three-dimensional model according to the second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect described above, the upper wall has a first region corresponding to the anterior skull base, a second region corresponding to the sella turcica, and a posterior clivus oblique. A configuration is adopted in which at least two regions of the third region corresponding to the platform are included, and the partial region is formed in at least a part of the at least two regions.

According to the above configuration, the shape of the portion composed of the film-like member can be made closer to the actual shape. Therefore, in the three-dimensional model according to the second aspect, the user can practice the dura mater reconstruction technique in a state close to the actual surgery.

In the three-dimensional model according to the third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect or the second aspect described above, a second opening is formed in at least a part of the upper wall. A configuration is adopted in which a first fixing member for fixing the film-like member to the upper wall is further provided so that the film-like member seals a part or all of the second opening.

According to the above configuration, the film-like member is detachably configured by attaching or detaching the first fixing member. That is, in the three-dimensional model according to the third aspect, the film-like member is easily replaceable. Therefore, the three-dimensional model according to the third aspect can easily provide the user with an opportunity to practice the dural reconstruction technique a plurality of times. Also, the cost of the film-like member is lower than the cost of the tubular member and / or the front panel. Therefore, the three-dimensional model according to the second aspect can reduce the cost required for practicing the dural reconstruction technique.

In the three-dimensional model according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to third aspects described above, the film-like member is made of a material containing at least resin or cloth. Is adopted.

According to the above configuration, by appropriately selecting the material constituting the membrane-like member, the behavior and feel when the membrane-like member is cut or sutured, and the behavior when the dura mater is cut or sutured. And can get closer to the feel. Therefore, the three-dimensional model according to the fourth aspect can increase the reality in the practice opportunity of the dural reconstruction technique.

In any of the first to fourth aspects described above, the three-dimensional model according to the fifth aspect of the present invention has the front panel and the tubular member as main parts, and the skull other than the main part. A configuration is adopted in which a frame portion constituting the region and a second fixing member for detachably fixing the main portion to the frame portion are further provided.

According to the above configuration, the film-like member can be easily accessed as compared with the integrally molded three-dimensional model. Therefore, the three-dimensional model according to the fifth aspect can improve maintainability.

The three-dimensional model according to the sixth aspect of the present invention is a cover that imitates a region of the face including the nose in any of the first to fifth aspects described above, and at least covers the front panel. A cover is further provided, and a pair of openings imitating an external nostril is formed in a region of the cover corresponding to the nose.

According to the above configuration, since the appearance can be made to resemble a face, it is possible to reduce the discomfort that the user may feel when practicing the dural reconstruction technique. In addition, since the range of motion of the endoscope is close to the actual state, it is possible to increase the reality in the practice opportunity of the dural reconstruction technique.

The three-dimensional model according to the sixth aspect of the present invention has a bottom portion that can be placed on a flat surface and one end portion that stands upright on the bottom portion in any of the first to sixth aspects described above. Further provided with a base comprising the front panel and struts directly or indirectly fixed to the tubular member, the one end of the struts and the other end. A structure is adopted in which a joint is provided between the end and the end.

According to the above configuration, at least the orientation of the front panel and the tubular member can be adjusted. Therefore, by using the three-dimensional model according to the seventh aspect, the user can practice the dural reconstruction technique in a state closer to the actual surgery.

According to one aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide the user with an opportunity to practice the dural reconstruction technique performed in nasal endoscopic surgery.

It is an exploded perspective view when the main part, the frame part and the 2nd fixing member in the 3D model which concerns on embodiment of this invention are seen from obliquely front. It is an exploded perspective view when the main part in the 3D model which concerns on embodiment of this invention is seen obliquely rearward. It is a perspective view when the main part and the frame part in the three-dimensional model which concerns on embodiment of this invention are covered. It is sectional drawing of the 3D model fixed to the base which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, the three-dimensional model 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the main portion 10, the frame portion 20, and the fixing member 30 in the three-dimensional model 1 when viewed from diagonally forward. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the main portion 10 of the three-dimensional model 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention when viewed from diagonally rearward. The three-dimensional model 1 according to the present embodiment is a three-dimensional model that imitates a primate skull, more specifically, a region of a human skull including a bone nostril.

In the following, the direction in which the face faces the skull is defined as anterior, and the direction opposite to that is defined as posterior. In addition, the side of the skull corresponding to the right ear is defined as the right side, and the opposite side is defined as the left side. The surface of the skull corresponding to the face side is defined as the front surface, and the surface corresponding to the occipital side is defined as the back surface. In the specification, "corresponding to XX" means that at least a part of the region of the XX portion in the human body is imitated, or that the region is simplified and imitated.

<Structure of 3D model>
In the three-dimensional model 1 according to the present embodiment, the main portion 10 corresponding to the region including the bone and nasal cavity of the skull, the frame portion 20 corresponding to the region other than the main portion 10 of the skull, and the main portion 10 are framed. A fixing member 30 (corresponding to the "second fixing member" in the claims) that is detachably fixed to the 20 is provided. Further, the three-dimensional model 1 further includes a cover 40 that imitates a region of the face including the nose, and a base 50. Each will be described below.

1. 1. Main part As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the three-dimensional model 1 according to the present embodiment includes a front panel 11 and a tubular member 12 corresponding to the bone and nasal cavity connected to the first opening 115 as the main part 10. Be prepared.

[Front panel]
The front panel 11 has a structure corresponding to the midline of the facial bone and has a first opening 115 corresponding to the piriform aperture. That is, the front panel 11 is composed of a portion surrounding the piriform aperture, and includes a front portion of the maxilla and a portion corresponding to the nasal bone. The front panel 11 in the present embodiment further has a nasal septum (vertical plate of ethmoid bone and vomer bone) that divides the piriform aperture to the left and right in the middle in front of the frontal bone, and a portion corresponding to the cheekbone, respectively. It is preferable that the front panel 11 has these portions from the viewpoint of increasing the reality in the practice opportunity of surgery. However, when performing a rudimentary practice, it is not necessary to have a part corresponding to the nasal septum.

As will be described in detail later, the front panel 11 has a recess 116 as a groove for fixing the presser 127 to the tubular member 12. Further, the front panel 11 has a structure for connecting and fixing the main portion 10 and the frame portion 20 via the fixing member 30. In the present embodiment, the fixing member 30 is a screw, and the structure of the tubular member 12 for fixing is a screw thread.

[Cylindrical member]
The tubular member 12 is a tubular member that continues rearward from the first opening 115 of the front panel 11. The tubular member 12 corresponds to the osteonasal cavity extending from the first opening 115 corresponding to the piriform aperture. The tubular member 12 in the present embodiment includes an upper wall 121, a lower wall 122, an inner side wall 123, a pair of outer walls 124, a film-like member 126, a retainer 127, and a screw 128. The upper wall 121, the lower wall 122, the inner wall 123, and the pair of outer walls 124 correspond to the upper wall, the lower wall, the inner wall, and the pair of outer walls in the nasal cavity, respectively. In the present embodiment, the shape of the cross section of the tubular member 12 is substantially rectangular. However, the shape of the cross section of the tubular member 12 is not limited to this, and can be appropriately determined.

(Upper wall)
The superior wall 121 corresponds to the anterior skull base, sella turcica, and posterior clivus, which may include the superior wall of the osteonasal cavity. That is, the upper wall 121 is composed of a first region R1 corresponding to the anterior skull base, a second region R2 corresponding to the sella turcica, and a third region R3 corresponding to the posterior clivus. In FIG. 2, each of the first region R1, the second region R2, and the third region R3 is indicated by a chain double-dashed line. However, in one aspect of the present invention, the upper wall 121 may be configured to include at least two regions of the first region R1, the second region R2, and the third region R3. For example, the upper wall 121 may be composed of a first region R1 and a third region R3. In the present embodiment, each of the first region R1, the second region R2, and the third region R3 is composed of a plane. However, each of the first region R1, the second region R2, and the third region R3 may be formed by a curved surface.

The first region R1 is located on the side closest to the front panel 11 (front) of the upper wall 121 of the tubular member 12, and the third region R3 is located on the side farthest from the front panel 11 (rear). The second region R2 is located between the first region R1 and the second region R2. The upper wall 121 mimics the shape of the region from the anterior skull base to the posterior clivus. Therefore, the angle formed by the plane forming the first region R1 and the plane forming the second region R2, and the angle formed by the plane forming the second region R2 and the plane forming the third region R3 are obtuse angles. It is configured to be.

A second opening 125 is formed in at least a part of the upper wall 121. A film-like member 126 is arranged on the upper surface of the upper wall 121 so as to close the second opening 125. In the present embodiment, the film-like member 126 is fixed by sandwiching the film-like member 126 between the upper surface of the upper wall 121 and the presser 127. Therefore, at least a part of the upper wall 121 is composed of the film-like member 126. Further, a second opening 125 is formed in a region of the upper wall 121 formed by the film-like member 126. Hereinafter, the film-like member 126 and the second opening 125 will be described in detail.

<Membrane-like member>
In the present embodiment, the film-like member 126 is arranged on the upper surface of the upper wall 121. At least a part of the upper wall 121 formed by the film-like member 126 is of at least two of the first region R1, the second region R2, and the third region R3 of the upper wall 121. It is formed at least in part.

That is, the membranous member 126 formed in the first region R1 imitates the dura mater existing in the region of the anterior skull bottom. Similarly, the membranous member 126 formed in the second region R2 corresponds to the dura mater existing in the sella turcica region, and the membranous member 126 formed in the third region R3 corresponds to the region of the posterior clivus. Corresponds to the dura mater present in.

Since the film-like member 126 is formed in the above-mentioned region, the shape of the portion formed by the film-like member 126 can be made closer to the actual shape. Therefore, in the three-dimensional model 1 according to the present embodiment, the user can practice the dura mater reconstruction technique in a state close to the actual surgery.

A part of the region composed of the membranous member 126 may be (1) a second region R2 of the upper wall 121 corresponding to the sella turcica, or (2) a second region corresponding to the anterior skull base. It may be near the boundary between the 1st region R1 and the 3rd region R3 corresponding to the posterior clivus, (3) the 1st region R1 corresponding to the anterior skull base, or (4) the posterior skull clivus. The third region R3 corresponding to the table may be used, or at least two of (1) to (4) may be combined. That is, the region composed of the membranous member 126 can be provided so as to correspond to the dura mater at the site where the user practices suturing. For example, the region composed of the membranous member 126 is limited to the first region R1, and a model specialized for suturing the dura mater at the anterior skull base can be used.

The film-like member 126 is a film-like member corresponding to the dura mater. The film-like member 126 is made of a material containing at least resin or cloth. Since the film-like member 126 imitates a dura mater, it is preferable that the film-like member 126 has strength and elasticity close to those of an actual dura mater.

Examples of the resin suitable for the film-like member 126 include a silicon resin (silicone). Examples of the cloth include non-woven fabrics. In the present embodiment, the film-like member 126 is a film in which a silicon resin is lined with a non-woven fabric. According to this configuration, the behavior and feel when cutting or suturing the membranous member 126 can be made closer to the behavior and feel when cutting or suturing the dura mater. The thickness of the membranous member 126 can be appropriately adjusted so that the above-mentioned behavior and feel are close to those of the dura mater.

By appropriately selecting the material constituting the membranous member 126, the behavior and feel when cutting and suturing the membranous member 126 can be brought closer to the behavior and feel when cutting and suturing the dura mater. Can be done. Therefore, such a three-dimensional model 1 can increase the reality in the practice opportunity of the dural reconstruction technique. Further, the film-like member 126 is removable from the upper wall 121 as described later, and the user replaces the film-like member 126 with a new one every time he / she practices. Therefore, it is preferable that the film-like member 126 can be manufactured at low cost so that it can be disposable. As described above, the cost of the film-like member 126 can be suppressed by producing the film-like member 126 using the silicon resin lined with the non-woven fabric.

<Second opening>
Of the regions composed of the film-like member 126, openings R1', openings R2'and openings R3'are formed as second openings 125 in the first region R1, the second region R2 and the third region R3, respectively. Has been done. The second opening 125 may be (1) one opening formed by connecting over a plurality of regions, or (2) one or two or more openings formed only in one region. It may be (3) a plurality of openings independently formed in a plurality of regions.

The second opening 125 is partially or wholly sealed by fixing the film-like member 126 to the upper wall 121 by a presser 127 and a screw 128 described later. In the present embodiment, the film-like member 126 covers the second opening 125 from the outside of the upper wall 121. For this reason, the opening R1'was generated in the process of nasal endoscopic surgery, and the cribriform plate constituting the upper wall of the nasal cavity and a part of the bone at the anterior cranial base behind it were scraped to expose the dura mater. Corresponds to the opening of the bone in the state. The opening R2'corresponds to the opening of the bone in the process of the operation, in which a part of the bone of the sphenoid sinus and the Turkish saddle is scraped to expose the dura mater. The opening R3'corresponds to the opening of the bone in the process of the operation, in which a part of the bone of the posterior clivus is scraped and the dura is exposed.

The formation of the second opening 125 in the region composed of the membranous member 126 allows the user using the 3D model 1 to practice the dural reconstruction technique after removing the sinus bone. It can be done from the state of. Therefore, the user can efficiently practice dural suturing.

<First fixing member>
In the three-dimensional model 1 according to the present embodiment, the retainer 127 and the screw 128 for fixing the film-like member 126 to the upper wall 121 so that the film-like member 126 seals a part or all of the second opening 125. (Corresponding to the "first fixing member" in the claims).

The presser 127 is a plate-shaped member molded into a shape that follows the shape of the upper surface of the upper wall 121. That is, the presser 127 is bent so as to correspond to each of the first region R1, the second region R2, and the third region R3 of the upper wall 121. The presser 127 is formed with an opening including the second opening 125 when fixed to the upper surface of the upper wall 121. Since the presser 127 configured in this way does not overlap any portion of the second opening 125, it does not interfere with the practice of the dural reconstruction technique.

The film-like member 126 is fixed to the upper surface of the upper wall 121 by being sandwiched between the upper surface of the upper wall 121 of the tubular member 12 and the presser 127. More details are as follows. That is, of the inner surface of the front panel 11 (the surface on the side where the tubular member 12 is formed), the plate-shaped member is substantially parallel to the plane on the upper side of the plane forming the first region R1 of the upper wall 121. Is placed. The distance between the flat surface forming the first region R1 and the lower surface of the plate-shaped member is the thickness of the film-like member 126 and the thickness of the tip end portion (the end portion on the side close to the front panel 11) of the presser 127. It is configured to be approximately equal to the sum of. As a result, a recess 116 into which the tip end portion of the presser 127 can be inserted is formed in the vicinity of the first region R1. With the film-like member 126 arranged on the upper surface of the upper wall 121, the tip of the retainer 127 is inserted into the recess 116, and the upper wall 121 and the retainer 127 are fixed using screws 128 as shown in FIG. The film-like member 126 is sandwiched between the upper surface of the upper wall 121 and the presser 127. As described above, since the film-like member 126 is fixed by the screw 128, the film-like member 126 can be easily attached and detached by loosening or tightening the screw. That is, the used film-like member 126 can be easily replaced with an unused film-like member 126. In this embodiment, a decorative screw is used as the screw 128. According to this configuration, since the head of the screw is large, the screw 128 can be tightened or loosened without using a tool such as a screwdriver. Therefore, the film-like member 126 can be attached and detached more easily. The first fixing member is not limited in its fixing form as long as the film-like member 126 can be detachably fixed to the upper wall 121, and may be, for example, a form using a clip, a surface tape, a magnet, or the like. ..

As described above, in the three-dimensional model 1 according to the present embodiment, the film-like member 126 is detachably configured with respect to the upper wall 121 by attaching or detaching the first fixing member. That is, in the three-dimensional model 1, the film-like member 126 is easily replaceable. Therefore, the three-dimensional model 1 can easily provide the user with an opportunity to practice the dural reconstruction technique a plurality of times. Further, the cost of the film-shaped member 126 is lower than the cost of the tubular member 12 and / or the front panel 11. Therefore, the three-dimensional model 1 according to the present embodiment can reduce the cost required for practicing the dura mater reconstruction technique.

(Lower wall and side wall)
In this embodiment, the inferior wall 122 includes the upper surface of the hard palate in the maxilla in the nasal cavity and the portion corresponding to the horizontal plate of palatine. The inner side wall 123 is a portion corresponding to the lower end portion of the nasal septum (vertical plate of ethmoid bone and vomer bone). In this embodiment, the main part of the nasal septum is omitted. However, in one aspect of the present invention, the inner side wall 123 corresponding to the main part of the nasal septum may be formed inside the tubular member.

The pair of lateral walls 124 includes the portion of the nasal cavity corresponding to the lateral wall that corresponds to the maxilla and the vertical plate of the palatine bone. However, in the present embodiment, the pair of outer walls 124 does not include the portions corresponding to the superior turbinate, middle turbinate, and inferior turbinate. This allows the user to practice the dural reconstruction technique from the state after the sinus bone has been removed. Therefore, the user can efficiently practice dural suturing.

In the present embodiment, a part of the lower wall 122, the inner side wall 123, and the pair of outer wall 124s may be deleted, for example, the rear side of the tubular member 12, depending on the difficulty of the practice to be performed.

[Material and manufacturing method]
The main portion 10, the frame portion 20, and the cover 40 can be manufactured as follows. First, three-dimensional data of the skull and the face are created based on the image data of the human body. Edit the created 3D data of the skull, and (1) the part corresponding to the nasal cavity has the optimum size for practicing dural suturing, and (2) practicing suturing without removing the bone. A part of the upper wall 121 of the tubular member 12 corresponding to the nasal cavity is removed so that it can be performed intensively. From the three-dimensional data of the skull, the main part 10 and the frame part 20 can be manufactured by using a 3D printer. Further, the cover 40 can be manufactured by using a 3D printer from the above-mentioned three-dimensional data of the face.

The material of the main portion 10 and the frame portion 20 is not particularly limited. However, it is preferable that the material is easy to mold using a 3D printer. The material of the cover 40 will be described later.

2. Frame portion and second fixing member The frame portion 20 and the fixing member 30 (corresponding to the “second fixing member” in the claims) included in the three-dimensional model 1 will be described below with reference to FIG.

The frame portion 20 constitutes an region other than the main portion 10 in the region corresponding to the skull. Specifically, it may include frontal bone, parietal bone, occipital bone, mandible, cheekbone, temporal bone and the like. As shown in FIG. 2, the frame portion 20 does not necessarily include all the regions other than the main portion 10 in the region corresponding to the skull. For example, by omitting a part of the crown, the three-dimensional model 1 can be made compact and the cost can be reduced.

The manufacturing method and material of the frame portion 20 are as described above. The frame portion 20 is provided with a connecting member 55 in the region corresponding to the foramen magnum of the occipital bone in order to fix the portion corresponding to the skull so as to be stable during the practice of surgery. The fixation of the part corresponding to the skull will be described in the item of "4. Base".

The fixing member 30 is a member that detachably fixes the main portion 10 to the frame portion 20. As shown in FIG. 1, the fixing member 30 in the present embodiment is a screw for fixing a portion corresponding to the maxilla of the main portion 10 and a portion corresponding to the mandible of the frame portion 20. A thread corresponding to the fixing member 30 is cut at a predetermined position of the portion corresponding to the maxilla of the main portion 10. Further, a through hole corresponding to the fixing member 30 is formed at a position corresponding to the thread of the portion corresponding to the mandible of the frame portion 20. The main portion 10 can be fixed to the frame portion 20 by tightening the screw which is the fixing member 30 with the main portion 10 set on the frame portion 20. In the present embodiment, as the fixing member 30, a decorative screw is used as in the screw 128.

In the three-dimensional model 1 configured in this way, the main portion 10 can be easily removed from the frame portion 20. Therefore, the film-like member 126 can be easily accessed, and the film-like member 126 can be installed and replaced, as compared with the three-dimensional model in which the main part and the frame part are integrally molded. Therefore, the three-dimensional model 1 in the present embodiment is excellent in terms of maintainability.

3. 3. Cover The cover 40 in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the three-dimensional model 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention when the cover 40 is applied to the main portion 10 and the frame portion 20.

The cover 40 imitates the skin of the portion of the face corresponding to the region including the nose, and is a cover for covering at least the front panel 11. In FIG. 3, the cover 40 covers not only the front panel 11 but also the frame portion 20. Further, in the region corresponding to the nose of the cover 40, a pair of openings 45 imitating the outer nostrils are formed. The size of the opening 45 and the like may be set as appropriate, but it is preferable that the size conforms to the actual size. According to the above configuration, since the appearance can be made to resemble a face, it is possible to reduce the discomfort that the user may feel when practicing the dural reconstruction technique.

The cover 40 is made of an elastic resin material that imitates the skin. Further, the cover 40 preferably has elasticity from the viewpoint of bringing the material closer to the skin. Examples of such a resin include a silicon resin.

When the opening 45 is sized according to the real thing, the hole diameter of the opening 45 is smaller than that of the first opening 115 that imitates the piriform aperture. In this case, since the cover 40 imitates the skin and has elasticity, the user can insert the endoscope into the nasal cavity by widening the external nostrils. In addition, the range of motion of the endoscope inserted into the nasal cavity becomes closer to the actual state. Therefore, it is possible to increase the reality in the practice opportunity of the dural reconstruction technique.

4. Base The three-dimensional model 1 according to the present embodiment includes a base 50 for fixing a portion corresponding to the skull. The base 50 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional model fixed to the base according to the embodiment of the present invention.

The base 50 includes a bottom portion 51 that can be placed on a flat surface and a support column 52. One end of the support 52 is fixed to the bottom 51 in an upright state, and the other end is directly or indirectly fixed to the front panel 11 and the tubular member 12. In FIG. 4, the support column 52 indirectly attaches to the front panel 11 and the tubular member 12 via a connecting member 55 provided in the frame portion 20 and a fixing member 30 for fixing the frame portion 20 and the main portion 10. It is fixed to. Further, a joint 53 is provided between one end of the support column 52 and the other end.

Therefore, the user can adjust at least the orientation of the front panel and the tubular member. In FIG. 4, the portion corresponding to the skull covered with the cover 40, which is fixed to the base 50, can be fixed at an arbitrary angle.

The base 50 further comprises a lever 54 for moving the joint 53. This allows the user to easily adjust the angle of the portion corresponding to the skull.

As described above, by using the three-dimensional model 1 according to the present embodiment, the user can practice the dura mater reconstruction technique in a state closer to the actual surgery.

<Use of 3D model>
The procedure for assembling the three-dimensional model 1 according to the present embodiment for use in practicing dural suturing will be described. The following (1) and (2) may be in the reverse order.
(1) The frame portion 20 is connected to the base 50 via the connecting member 55. The lever 54 is operated to fix the frame portion 20 at an arbitrary angle.
(2) The film-like member 126 covers the second opening 125 of the upper wall 121 of the main portion 10. The film-like member 126 is set on the main portion 10 by covering the film-like member 126 with the presser 127, inserting the tip of the presser 127 into the recess 116 of the front panel 11, and tightening the screw 128.
(3) The main portion 10 is fitted to the frame portion 20, and the main portion 10 and the frame portion 20 are fixed by using the fixing member 30.
(4) The cover 40 is put on the main portion 10 and the frame portion 20.
(5) If necessary, the lever 54 is operated again to adjust the angle.

By utilizing the three-dimensional model 1 configured as described above, the user can use an endoscope to cut or suture a membranous member 126 that looks like a dura mater. Therefore, the three-dimensional model 1 according to the present embodiment can provide the user with an opportunity to practice the dural reconstructive surgery performed in the nasal endoscopic surgery. In addition, the three-dimensional model 1 can provide the user with an opportunity to practice dural reconstructive surgery, which is efficient and does not involve the user's risk. Further, according to the three-dimensional model 1 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide the user with an opportunity to practice a highly realistic dura mater reconstruction technique.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims, and the embodiments obtained by appropriately combining the technical means disclosed in the different embodiments. Is also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

1 3D model 10 Main part 11 Main part 11 Front panel 115 First opening 116 Recessed part 12 Cylindrical member 121 Upper wall 122 Lower wall 123 Inner side wall 124 Pair of outer walls 125 Second opening 126 Membrane-like member 127 Hold (first fixing member)
128 screws (first fixing member)
20 Frame part 30 Fixing member (second fixing member)
40 Cover 45 Opening 50 Base 51 Bottom 52 Strut 53 Joint 54 Lever 55 Connecting member

Claims (7)

It is a three-dimensional model of the region of the skull that includes the nasal cavity.
A front panel with a first opening corresponding to the piriform aperture,
Corresponding to the bone and nasal cavity extending from the first opening, a tubular member including an upper wall is provided.
At least a part of the upper wall is composed of a film-like member.
A three-dimensional model characterized by this. The upper wall comprises at least two of a first region corresponding to the anterior skull base, a second region corresponding to the sella turcica, and a third region corresponding to the posterior clivus.
The partial region is formed in at least a part of the at least two regions.
The three-dimensional model according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional model is characterized in that. A second opening is formed in at least a part of the upper wall.
A first fixing member for fixing the film-like member to the upper wall is further provided so that the film-like member seals a part or all of the second opening.
The three-dimensional model according to claim 1 or 2. The film-like member is made of a material containing at least resin or cloth.
The three-dimensional model according to any one of claims 1 to 3. With the front panel and tubular member as the main parts
A frame portion of the skull that constitutes an area other than the main portion, and
A second fixing member for detachably fixing the main portion to the frame portion is further provided.
The three-dimensional model according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the three-dimensional model is described. A cover that mimics the area of the face that includes the nose, further comprising a cover that covers at least the front panel.
A pair of openings imitating the external nostrils are formed in the region of the cover corresponding to the nose.
The three-dimensional model according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the three-dimensional model is described. A bottom that can be placed on a flat surface and a strut in which one end is fixed to the bottom in an upright state and the other end is directly or indirectly fixed to the front panel and the tubular member. Further equipped with a foundation including,
A joint is provided between the one end of the strut and the other end.
The three-dimensional model according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the three-dimensional model is described.

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