JP2021089026A - Cylindrical lamination rubber and adjustment method of spring characteristics of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide cylindrical lamination rubber of an axle box suspension which can meet requirements of various non-linear spring characteristics, and to provide an adjustment method of spring characteristics.SOLUTION: Cylindrical lamination rubber of an axle box suspension includes: a spindle 1; an outer cylinder 2 having the same axis O as the spindle 1; and elastic parts 3 disposed between the spindle 1 and the outer cylinder 2 and having a lamination rubber structure. The elastic parts 3 are disposed facing each other while sandwiching gap parts 4, 4 with the axis O set to its center. The gap part 4 includes a restriction member 7 having a restriction part 9 extending from the spindle 1 to the radial outer side. The restriction member 7 is detachably attached to the spindle 1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a cylindrical laminated rubber used for an axle box support device of a railway vehicle and a method for adjusting the spring characteristics thereof.

The bogie of a railroad vehicle is provided with an axle box support device that elastically supports the bogie frame with respect to a wheel set. As a result, it is possible to alleviate the vertical vibration of the vehicle body and maintain good running stability at high speed. As the axle box support device, a wing type axle box support device (see FIGS. 1 and 2 of Patent Document 1) and a tandem type axle box support device (see FIG. 7 of Patent Document 1) are known. Coil springs and cylindrical laminated rubbers are used as the shaft springs of these axle box support devices.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 of Patent Document 1, the cylindrical laminated rubber is a laminated rubber interposed between a spindle, an outer cylinder having the same axis as the spindle, and the spindle and the outer cylinder. It is provided with an elastic portion having a structure and formed in a fan shape in a plan view. A pair of elastic portions are arranged so as to face each other about the axial center with the gap portion interposed therebetween.

Therefore, in the cylindrical laminated rubber, the spring constant in the direction in which the elastic portion is provided (hereinafter referred to as the elastic portion direction) is larger than the spring constant in the direction in which the gap portion is provided (referred to as the gap portion direction). It has directional spring characteristics. For example, when incorporating a cylindrical laminated rubber into a railroad vehicle, if the elastic portion is formed in the rail direction and the gap is formed in the left-right direction of the rail, the spring constant in the front-rear direction of the bogie can be increased. By keeping the wheel axes parallel and reducing the spring constant in the left-right direction, it is possible to mitigate the impact when the vehicle rolls.

The cylindrical laminated rubber having the above configuration has a spring characteristic that is linear in both the elastic portion direction and the gap portion direction. Therefore, when an external force is applied in the direction of the gap, the displacement becomes too large, which has a problem of affecting the riding comfort. In order to solve the above problem, FIG. 8 of Patent Document 2 discloses a cylindrical laminated rubber having a protrusion formed on an inner cylinder. As a result, the spring characteristics in the gap direction become non-linear, and it is possible to prevent a large displacement in the gap direction.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-131897 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-247229

However, the required non-linear spring characteristics vary from vehicle manufacturer to vehicle manufacturer. In the cylindrical laminated rubber having the above configuration, it is necessary to form a protrusion on the inner cylinder that meets the requirements of each vehicle manufacturer. Then, after manufacturing the cylindrical laminated rubber, there is a problem that it is practically difficult to change the spring characteristics.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a cylindrical laminated rubber of an axle box support device capable of meeting various requirements for non-linear spring characteristics and a method for adjusting the spring characteristics thereof.

In order to solve the above problems, as one aspect of the present invention, an elastic portion having a laminated rubber structure interposed between the spindle, an outer cylinder, and the spindle and the outer cylinder is provided, and the elastic portion has a gap. Cylindrical laminated rubber of a shaft box support device arranged so as to face each other about a shaft center with a portion sandwiched therein, and provided with a regulating member having a regulating portion extending radially outward from the main shaft in the gap portion. The member has a structure that can be attached to and detached from the main shaft.

The restricting member may be configured to include an annular portion that can be fitted onto the spindle and the restricting portion that is connected to the annular portion.

A small diameter portion into which the annular portion can be fitted may be formed at the upper end portion of the main shaft.

The regulating portion may be formed by combining any one or more of a metal material, a resin material and a rubber elastic body.

A shaft provided with a spindle, an outer cylinder, and an elastic portion having a laminated rubber structure interposed between the spindle and the outer cylinder, and the elastic portions are arranged to face each other about the axis with a gap portion interposed therebetween. As a method of adjusting the spring characteristics of the cylindrical laminated rubber of the box support device, when a restricting member having a restricting portion extending radially outward from the main shaft is attached to the main shaft in the gap portion, the constituent material of the restricting portion and The spring characteristics of the cylindrical laminated rubber may be adjusted by adjusting the length in the radial direction.

According to the cylindrical laminated rubber according to one aspect of the present invention, a regulating member provided with a regulating portion is provided separately from the cylindrical laminated rubber, and this is retrofitted to the spindle, so that various non-linear spring characteristics are required. It becomes possible to correspond. It is also possible to change the spring characteristics of the cylindrical laminated rubber by replacing the regulating member.

Top view showing embodiment of cylindrical laminated rubber which concerns on this invention A-OB cross-sectional view of FIG. Perspective view showing the regulation member in FIG. Schematic diagram showing an example of a means for positioning a regulating member A graph showing the spring characteristics of the cylindrical laminated rubber according to the present invention. Top view showing a modified example of the regulating member

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The cylindrical laminated rubber in this embodiment is used as a shaft spring of a shaft box support device of a railway vehicle. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a cylindrical laminated rubber according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AOB of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 shows a regulating member used in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cylindrical laminated rubber according to the present embodiment is interposed between the spindle 1, the outer cylinder 2 having the same axis O as the spindle 1, and the spindle 1 and the outer cylinder 2. It is provided with an elastic portion 3 having a laminated rubber structure. The elastic portions 3 are arranged so as to face each other with respect to the axial center O with the gap portion 4 interposed therebetween. In FIG. 1, the line direction passing through the center of the elastic portions 3 and 3 and the axial center O is the elastic portion direction X, and the linear direction passing through the center of the gap portions 4 and 4 and the axial center O is the gap portion direction Y. ..

The elastic portion 3 is formed by alternately laminating a rubber layer 5 and a metal hard plate 6 in the radial direction. The hard plate 6 is a plate curved in an arc shape in a plan view, and a plurality of plates having different radii are used. The elastic portion 3 and the gap portion 4 are formed in a substantially fan shape in a plan view between the main shaft 1 and the outer cylinder 2. The rubber layer 5 and the hard plate 6 are formed so that the height in the axial direction O is gradually lowered as the rubber layer 5 and the hard plate 6 are located on the outer side in the radial direction.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cylindrical laminated rubber includes a removable regulating member 7 on the spindle 1. The regulating member 7 includes an annular portion 8 that is externally fitted to the main shaft 1 and a regulating portion 9 that is connected to the annular portion 8. The regulating portion 9 includes a base portion 11 formed in a curved plate shape so as to abut on the surface along the surface of the main shaft 1, and a protruding portion 12 protruding outward in the radial direction from the base portion 11. A pair of projecting portions 12 are formed at opposite positions on the annular portion 8. The protruding portion 12 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the outer surface in the radial direction of the protruding portion 12 has a convex curved surface corresponding to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 2 that abuts.

The regulating portion 9 is connected to the lower surface of the annular portion 8 at the upper end of the base portion 11. The radial outer surface (hereinafter, abbreviated as the outer surface) of the annular portion 8 and the base portion 11 is formed so as to be flush with each other, and the annular portion 8 is formed to be thicker than the base portion 11 in the radial direction. That is, the inner surface of the annular portion 8 in the radial direction (hereinafter, abbreviated as the inner surface) has a shape protruding inward from the inner surface of the base portion 11.

The main shaft 1 is formed in a tubular shape, and the upper end portion thereof is a small diameter portion 13 having an outer diameter smaller than that of other portions. The small diameter portion 13 is formed in a size that allows the annular portion 8 to be fitted. In the cylindrical laminated rubber, after the spindle 1, the outer cylinder 2, and the elastic portion 3 are integrally vulcanized, the annular portion 8 of the regulating member 7 is fitted to the small diameter portion 13 of the spindle 1. The annular portion 8 is locked to the spindle 1 by a stepped portion 15 formed at the lower end of the small diameter portion 13. The regulating member 7 is mounted on the spindle 1 so that the protruding direction of the protruding portion 12 is parallel to the gap direction Y.

It is also possible to provide a positioning means in order to match the protruding direction of the protruding portion 12 with the gap direction Y. As an example, as shown in FIG. 4, the positioning means can be composed of a convex portion 14 projecting downward on the lower surface of the main body portion 8 and a concave portion 16 formed in the step portion 15. In this case, the concave portion 16 is sized so that the convex portion 14 can be fitted. Further, the regulating member 7 can be fixed to the spindle 1 by a fastening member. For example, a through hole can be formed in the lower end of the annular portion 8 and / or the base portion 11, and a screw hole can be formed in the corresponding spindle 1 portion to fasten the fastening member.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the spring characteristics of the cylindrical laminated rubber having the above configuration. The graph shows the relationship between the load and the deflection of the cylindrical laminated rubber (spring characteristics). The line a is the spring characteristics in the elastic portion direction X, the line b is the spring characteristics in the gap direction Y, and the line c is the vertical direction. The spring characteristics of each are shown. As shown in the figure, the line b shows the non-linear spring characteristic, and the position of the point α where the spring constant (slope) changes depends on the length of the protrusion 12.

When the length of the protrusion 12 is short, the point α shifts to the right side of the graph, and when the length of the protrusion 12 becomes long, the point α shifts to the left side of the graph. When the protruding portion 12 has a length of contact with the outer cylinder 2, the point α shifts to the origin, and as a result, a linear spring characteristic having a large spring constant is exhibited from the beginning. In the present embodiment, a metal material is used as the protrusion 12, but it can also be made of a rubber elastic body. In this case, on the line b, the slope of the line on the right side of the point α becomes gentle.

It is also possible to form the protruding portion 12 by forming one type or a combination of two or more types of a metal material, a resin material and a rubber elastic body. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the protruding portion 12 can be divided into two in the radial direction, the outer side 12a in the radial direction is made of a rubber elastic body, and the inner side 12b in the radial direction is made of a metal material. As described above, the spring characteristics of the cylindrical laminated rubber can be adjusted by adjusting the radial length of the protruding portion 12 of the regulating member 7 and the constituent material of the protruding portion 12. Further, the spring characteristics of the cylindrical laminated rubber can be changed by replacing the regulating member 7.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the scope of the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, in the present embodiment, the small diameter portion 13 is provided at the upper end portion of the spindle 1, and the annular portion 8 is fitted thereto. However, the method of attaching the regulating member 7 to the spindle 1 is not limited to this, for example. A plurality of ridges are formed in the vertical direction on the inner surface of the annular portion 8 without providing the small diameter portion 13 on the main shaft 1, and a concave groove portion is formed and fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 1 at a position corresponding to the ridges. You may try to match.

The constituent elements disclosed in the present embodiment and the above-described modifications can be combined with each other, and by combining them, new technical features can be formed.

1 Main shaft 2 Outer cylinder 3 Elastic part 4 Gap part 5 Rubber layer 6 Hard plate 7 Regulatory member 8 Ring part 9 Regulatory part 11 Base part 12 Protruding part 13 Small diameter part 14 Convex part 15 Step part 16 Concave part

Claims (5)

A shaft provided with a spindle, an outer cylinder, and an elastic portion having a laminated rubber structure interposed between the spindle and the outer cylinder, and the elastic portions are arranged to face each other about the axis with a gap portion interposed therebetween. A cylindrical laminated rubber of a box support device, comprising a regulating member having a regulating portion extending radially outward from the spindle in the gap, and the regulating member is detachable from the spindle. The cylindrical laminated rubber according to claim 1, wherein the restricting member includes an annular portion that can be fitted onto the spindle and the restricting portion that is connected to the annular portion. The cylindrical laminated rubber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a small diameter portion into which the annular portion can be fitted is formed at the upper end portion of the spindle. The cylindrical laminated rubber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the regulating portion is a combination of any one or more of a metal material, a resin material and a rubber elastic body. A spindle, an outer cylinder having the same axis as the spindle, and an elastic portion having a laminated rubber structure interposed between the spindle and the outer cylinder are provided, and the elastic portion sandwiches the gap portion. A method of adjusting the spring characteristics of the cylindrical laminated rubber of the axle box support device arranged so as to face each other about the axis, and the restricting member provided with the restricting portion extending outward in the radial direction from the main shaft in the gap portion is described above. A method of adjusting the spring characteristics of a cylindrical laminated rubber by adjusting the constituent material of the regulation portion and the length in the radial direction when mounting on the spindle.

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