JP2021087993A - Preheater - Google Patents

Preheater Download PDF

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JP2021087993A
JP2021087993A JP2020151429A JP2020151429A JP2021087993A JP 2021087993 A JP2021087993 A JP 2021087993A JP 2020151429 A JP2020151429 A JP 2020151429A JP 2020151429 A JP2020151429 A JP 2020151429A JP 2021087993 A JP2021087993 A JP 2021087993A
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temperature
heat
resistant container
burner
lid
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JP6886063B2 (en
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圭佑 赤阪
Keisuke Akasaka
圭佑 赤阪
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Chugai Ro Co Ltd
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Chugai Ro Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/005—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like with heating or cooling means
    • B22D41/01—Heating means
    • B22D41/015—Heating means with external heating, i.e. the heat source not being a part of the ladle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

To provide a preheater capable of preheating a heat-resistant container properly even if the preheater is used continuously and temperature of a lid body in the preheater is in a high state.SOLUTION: A preheater 1 for preheating a heat-resistant container 10 includes: a lid body 2 mounted to the heat-resistant container 10; a burner 3, mounted to the lid body 2, for preheating the heat-resistant container 10; a temperature sensor 4, mounted to the lid body 2, for measuring internal temperature of the heat-resistant container 10; and a controller 5 for controlling combustion of the burner 3, wherein the controller 5 controls the burner 3 to perform the combustion with a combustion heating pattern of the burner 3 when the heat-resistant container 10 and the lid body 2 is heated from normal temperature to target temperature.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、製鋼工程に用いられる取鍋やタンディッシュ等の耐熱容器に溶湯を投入する前に、耐熱容器を予熱する予熱装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a preheating device that preheats a heat-resistant container before pouring the molten metal into a heat-resistant container such as a ladle or a tundish used in a steelmaking process.

従来、製鋼工程に用いられる取鍋やタンディッシュ等の耐熱容器に溶湯を投入する前に、空の耐熱容器を予熱する予熱装置は引用文献１、２に開示されており、予熱装置は、蓋体に加熱用のバーナと温度測定用の熱電対が取り付けられている構成を有し、耐熱容器の上部に隙間（排気用）をあけて保持された状態で、蓋体に取り付けられたバーナの火炎によって耐熱容器の内部を予熱するようになっている。そして、バーナの燃焼量の制御は、蓋体に取り付けられた熱電対の計測値に基づいて行われている。なお、耐熱容器の実際の温度を測定できればよいが、耐熱容器は溶湯を注入されて使用に供されるものであり、耐熱容器自体に熱電対を取り付けることは難しく、蓋体に取り付けているのが現状である。 Conventionally, a preheating device for preheating an empty heat-resistant container before pouring the molten metal into a heat-resistant container such as a ladle or a tundish used in a steelmaking process is disclosed in References 1 and 2, and the preheating device is a lid. The burner attached to the lid has a structure in which a burning burner and a thermocouple for temperature measurement are attached to the body, and is held with a gap (for exhaust) at the top of the heat-resistant container. The inside of the heat-resistant container is preheated by a flame. The amount of combustion of the burner is controlled based on the measured value of the thermocouple attached to the lid. It is only necessary to be able to measure the actual temperature of the heat-resistant container, but since the heat-resistant container is used by injecting molten metal, it is difficult to attach a thermocouple to the heat-resistant container itself, and it is attached to the lid. Is the current situation.

そして、耐熱容器を均一に加熱する方法として、引用文献３に示されるように、予熱装置のバーナへの燃料の投入量を制御する方法や、引用文献４に示されるように、予熱装置のバーナのＯＮ／ＯＦＦを制御する方法が開示されている。 Then, as a method of uniformly heating the heat-resistant container, as shown in Cited Document 3, a method of controlling the amount of fuel input to the burner of the preheating device, and as shown in Cited Document 4, the burner of the preheating device. A method of controlling ON / OFF of the above is disclosed.

特開２０１９−１６６５３０号公報JP-A-2019-166530 実公昭５６−２０１３９号公報Jikkensho 56-20139 特開２００３−２６０５４３号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-260543 特開２０１８−１１９７００号公報JP-A-2018-119700

しかし、予熱装置は繰り返し使用されるため、上記のいずれの方法においても、複数の耐熱容器を連続して予熱する場合、蓋体が常温まで冷めないうちに次の耐熱容器の予熱を開始することになる。具体的には、１回目の予熱によって蓋体の温度が常温よりも上昇してしまった状態で、２回目の予熱を開始し、蓋体に熱電対が取り付けられていることから、予熱を開始してしばらくの間は、蓋体に取り付けられた熱電対は蓋体からの放熱を受けて、耐熱容器の実際の内部温度より高い温度を示す。したがって、バーナの燃焼量は、必要より少なく制御されることになり、耐熱容器に対して十分な予熱が行われないことがあり、また、耐熱容器の予熱に時間がかかるという課題が存在する。 However, since the preheating device is used repeatedly, in any of the above methods, when preheating a plurality of heat-resistant containers in succession, the preheating of the next heat-resistant container must be started before the lid cools to room temperature. become. Specifically, the second preheating is started in a state where the temperature of the lid has risen above normal temperature due to the first preheating, and the preheating is started because the thermocouple is attached to the lid. Then, for a while, the thermocouple attached to the lid receives heat from the lid and shows a temperature higher than the actual internal temperature of the heat-resistant container. Therefore, the combustion amount of the burner is controlled to be less than necessary, and the heat-resistant container may not be sufficiently preheated, and there is a problem that it takes time to preheat the heat-resistant container.

そこで本発明では、予熱装置を連続使用し、予熱装置の蓋体の温度が高い状態であっても、耐熱容器を適切に予熱することができる予熱装置を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a preheating device capable of appropriately preheating a heat-resistant container even when the temperature of the lid of the preheating device is high by continuously using the preheating device.

本発明は、耐熱容器を予熱する予熱装置であって、
前記耐熱容器に取り付けられる蓋体と、
前記蓋体に取り付けられ、前記耐熱容器を予熱するバーナと、
前記蓋体に取り付けられ、前記耐熱容器の内部の温度を測定する温度センサと、
前記バーナの燃焼を制御する制御装置と、を備えており、
前記制御装置は、前記耐熱容器及び前記蓋体が通常温度から目標温度まで加熱されたときの前記バーナの加熱燃焼パターンで前記バーナを燃焼させる。 The present invention is a preheating device for preheating a heat-resistant container.
The lid attached to the heat-resistant container and
A burner attached to the lid and preheating the heat-resistant container,
A temperature sensor attached to the lid and measuring the temperature inside the heat-resistant container,
It is equipped with a control device for controlling the combustion of the burner.
The control device burns the burner in a heating combustion pattern of the burner when the heat-resistant container and the lid are heated from a normal temperature to a target temperature.

前記構成によれば、予熱装置を連続使用し、予熱装置の蓋体の温度が高い状態であっても、耐熱容器及び蓋体が通常温度から目標温度まで加熱されたときの加熱燃焼パターンでバーナを燃焼させるので、耐熱容器を適切に予熱することができる。なお、目標温度とは、予熱装置で予熱する上での耐熱容器の内部の目標内部温度である。 According to the above configuration, even if the preheating device is continuously used and the temperature of the lid of the preheating device is high, the burner has a heating combustion pattern when the heat-resistant container and the lid are heated from the normal temperature to the target temperature. The heat-resistant container can be properly preheated. The target temperature is the target internal temperature inside the heat-resistant container for preheating with the preheating device.

本発明は、さらに、次のような構成を備えるのが好ましい。 The present invention further preferably has the following configuration.

（１）前記制御装置は、前記耐熱容器及び前記蓋体が通常温度から前記目標温度まで加熱するときに、前記加熱燃焼パターンで所定温度まで前記バーナを燃焼させ、前記所定温度に達した後は、前記温度センサの検出結果に基づき前記バーナを燃焼させる。 (1) The control device burns the burner to a predetermined temperature in the heating combustion pattern when the heat-resistant container and the lid are heated from a normal temperature to the target temperature, and after reaching the predetermined temperature, the control device burns the burner. , The burner is burned based on the detection result of the temperature sensor.

（２）前記構成（１）において、前記所定温度とは、前記耐熱容器の内部を前記通常温度から前記目標温度まで加熱されたときの設定温度グラフと前記温度センサの測定温度とが一致した温度とする。 (2) In the configuration (1), the predetermined temperature is a temperature at which the set temperature graph when the inside of the heat-resistant container is heated from the normal temperature to the target temperature and the measured temperature of the temperature sensor coincide with each other. And.

（３）前記加熱燃焼パターンは、前記バーナへの燃料供給量の時間変化で示される。 (3) The heating combustion pattern is indicated by a time change in the amount of fuel supplied to the burner.

（４）前記通常温度とは、前記予熱装置が最初に予熱に供されるときの前記耐熱容器及び前記蓋体の初期温度である。 (4) The normal temperature is the initial temperature of the heat-resistant container and the lid when the preheating device is first subjected to preheating.

前記構成（１）によれば、予熱装置を連続使用し、予熱装置の蓋体の温度が高い状態であっても、所定温度までは耐熱容器及び蓋体が通常温度から目標温度まで加熱されたときの加熱燃焼パターンでバーナを燃焼させるので、耐熱容器を適切に予熱することができる。なお、所定温度とは、目標温度よりも低い所定の温度である。また、加熱燃焼パターンが終了した後は、温度センサの検出結果に基づきバーナを燃焼させるので、耐熱容器の温度管理を容易に行うことができる。 According to the configuration (1), the heat-resistant container and the lid were heated from the normal temperature to the target temperature up to a predetermined temperature even when the temperature of the lid of the preheating device was high by continuously using the preheating device. Since the burner is burned according to the heating combustion pattern of the time, the heat-resistant container can be appropriately preheated. The predetermined temperature is a predetermined temperature lower than the target temperature. Further, after the heating combustion pattern is completed, the burner is burned based on the detection result of the temperature sensor, so that the temperature of the heat-resistant container can be easily controlled.

前記構成（２）によれば、所定温度を耐熱容器及び蓋体が通常温度から加熱されたときの耐熱容器及び蓋体の設定温度グラフと蓋体の測定温度とが一致した温度とすることによって、早期に温度センサの検出結果に基づくバーナ燃焼管理に移行することができる。 According to the configuration (2), the predetermined temperature is set to a temperature at which the set temperature graph of the heat-resistant container and the lid when the heat-resistant container and the lid are heated from the normal temperature and the measured temperature of the lid coincide with each other. , It is possible to shift to burner combustion management based on the detection result of the temperature sensor at an early stage.

前記構成（３）によれば、燃料供給量の時間変化によって加熱燃焼パターンを規定するので、加熱燃焼パターンの特定が容易である。 According to the configuration (3), since the heating combustion pattern is defined by the time change of the fuel supply amount, it is easy to specify the heating combustion pattern.

前記構成（４）によれば、通常温度を予熱装置が最初に予熱に供されるときの耐熱容器及び蓋体の初期温度とすることによって、加熱燃焼パターンの特定が容易である。 According to the configuration (4), the heating combustion pattern can be easily specified by setting the normal temperature as the initial temperature of the heat-resistant container and the lid when the preheating device is first subjected to preheating.

本発明によると、予熱装置を連続使用し、予熱装置の蓋体の温度が高い状態であっても、耐熱容器を適切に予熱することができる予熱装置を提供できる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a preheating device capable of appropriately preheating a heat-resistant container even when the temperature of the lid of the preheating device is high by continuously using the preheating device.

本発明の実施形態に係る予熱装置の概略図である。It is the schematic of the preheating device which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 耐熱容器及び蓋体が通常温度から目標温度まで加熱されたときの時間に対する各温度及び燃料供給量の変化を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the change of each temperature and fuel supply amount with respect to time when a heat-resistant container and a lid are heated from a normal temperature to a target temperature. 一旦加熱に供された蓋体を使用して、耐熱容器が通常温度から目標温度又は所定温度まで加熱されたときの時間に対する各温度及び燃料供給量の変化を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the change of each temperature and fuel supply amount with respect to time when a heat-resistant container is heated from a normal temperature to a target temperature or a predetermined temperature by using a lid once subjected to heating. 一旦加熱に供された蓋体を使用した場合の従来の時間に対する各温度及び燃料供給量の変化を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the change of each temperature and fuel supply amount with respect to the conventional time when the lid once subjected to heating is used.

図１は、本発明の実施形態に係る予熱装置１の概略図である。図１に示されるように、予熱装置１は、溶湯が投入される取鍋やタンディッシュ等の耐熱容器１０の上部に間隔を有して取り付けられる蓋体２を備えている。耐熱容器１０は、上面が開口された鍋状であって、鋼材等で構成された外壁部１１の内面に耐火物１２が設けられて構成されている。 FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a preheating device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the preheating device 1 includes a lid 2 attached to the upper part of a heat-resistant container 10 such as a ladle or a tundish into which the molten metal is charged at intervals. The heat-resistant container 10 has a pot shape with an open upper surface, and is configured by providing a refractory material 12 on the inner surface of an outer wall portion 11 made of a steel material or the like.

蓋体２には、耐熱容器１０の内部を予熱（加熱）するバーナ３と、耐熱容器１０の内部の温度を測定する温度センサ（熱電対）４が取り付けられている。 A burner 3 that preheats (heats) the inside of the heat-resistant container 10 and a temperature sensor (thermocouple) 4 that measures the temperature inside the heat-resistant container 10 are attached to the lid 2.

バーナ３は、耐熱容器１０を予熱するために、蓋体２を貫通し、その先端部が耐熱容器１０の内部に位置するよう設けられている。 The burner 3 is provided so as to penetrate the lid 2 and its tip portion to be located inside the heat-resistant container 10 in order to preheat the heat-resistant container 10.

温度センサ４は、耐熱容器１０の内部の温度を測定するために、蓋体２を貫通し、その先端部が耐熱容器１０の内部に位置するようになっている。 The temperature sensor 4 penetrates the lid 2 in order to measure the temperature inside the heat-resistant container 10, and its tip is located inside the heat-resistant container 10.

予熱装置１はさらに、バーナ３の燃焼を制御する制御装置５を備えている。具体的には、制御装置５は、バーナ３の燃焼及び停止の切り換え及びバーナ３への燃料供給量の調整を行って、バーナ３の燃焼を管理する。 The preheating device 1 further includes a control device 5 for controlling the combustion of the burner 3. Specifically, the control device 5 manages the combustion of the burner 3 by switching the combustion and stopping of the burner 3 and adjusting the fuel supply amount to the burner 3.

制御装置５は、耐熱容器１０の内部の温度が通常温度から目標温度まで加熱されたときのバーナ３の加熱燃焼パターンを予め記憶し、そのパターンでバーナ３を燃焼させる「パターン燃焼機構５１」と、温度センサ４の検出結果に基づきバーナ３を燃焼させる「温度管理燃焼機構５２」と、を備えている。制御装置５は、パターン燃焼機構５１と温度管理燃焼機構５２とを切り換えて、バーナ３の燃焼を調節するようになっている。ここで、通常温度とは、予熱装置１と耐熱容器１０とが長時間放置され、完全に冷めきった状態から図１のようにセッティングされて初めて使用する予熱装置１が最初に予熱に供されるときの耐熱容器１０の内部の初期温度であり、例えば、予熱装置１及び耐熱容器１０が配置される工場の室温や現場の気温に相当する。そして、目標温度とは、予熱装置１で予熱する上での耐熱容器１０の目標内部温度である。 The control device 5 has a "pattern combustion mechanism 51" that stores in advance the heating and combustion pattern of the burner 3 when the temperature inside the heat-resistant container 10 is heated from the normal temperature to the target temperature, and burns the burner 3 in that pattern. , A "temperature control combustion mechanism 52" that burns the burner 3 based on the detection result of the temperature sensor 4. The control device 5 switches between the pattern combustion mechanism 51 and the temperature control combustion mechanism 52 to adjust the combustion of the burner 3. Here, the normal temperature means that the preheating device 1 used for the first time after the preheating device 1 and the heat-resistant container 10 are left for a long time and set as shown in FIG. 1 from a completely cooled state is first subjected to preheating. This is the initial temperature inside the heat-resistant container 10 at that time, and corresponds to, for example, the room temperature of the factory where the preheating device 1 and the heat-resistant container 10 are arranged or the air temperature of the site. The target temperature is the target internal temperature of the heat-resistant container 10 for preheating with the preheating device 1.

（制御装置５によるバーナ３の燃焼の制御）
以下、制御装置５によるバーナ３の燃焼の制御について説明する。 (Control of combustion of burner 3 by control device 5)
Hereinafter, the control of combustion of the burner 3 by the control device 5 will be described.

図２は、耐熱容器１０の内部が通常温度から目標温度まで加熱されたときの時間に対する温度Ｔ及び燃料供給量Ｑの変化を示すグラフである。図２において、横軸は時間ｔ、縦軸は温度Ｔ及び燃料供給量Ｑを示している。そして、温度Ｔの変化を示すグラフにおいて、設定温度（Ｓｖ）グラフは、加熱時に制御装置５に設定する所望の耐熱容器１０の内部の温度変化であり、実線で示されている。測定温度（Ｐｖ）グラフは、温度センサ４の測定による耐熱容器１０の内部の実際の温度の変化であり、一点鎖線で示されている。内部温度（Ｔｘ）グラフは、測定されていないが、耐熱容器１０の実際の内部温度の変化を想定したものであり、二点鎖線で示されている。 FIG. 2 is a graph showing changes in the temperature T and the fuel supply amount Q with respect to the time when the inside of the heat-resistant container 10 is heated from the normal temperature to the target temperature. In FIG. 2, the horizontal axis represents time t, and the vertical axis represents temperature T and fuel supply amount Q. In the graph showing the change in temperature T, the set temperature (Sv) graph is the temperature change inside the desired heat-resistant container 10 set in the control device 5 at the time of heating, and is shown by a solid line. The measured temperature (Pv) graph is a change in the actual temperature inside the heat-resistant container 10 as measured by the temperature sensor 4, and is shown by a chain line. Although the internal temperature (Tx) graph has not been measured, it assumes a change in the actual internal temperature of the heat-resistant container 10, and is shown by a chain double-dashed line.

図２に示されるように、初回に耐熱容器１０及び蓋体２が通常温度（Ｔａ）から目標温度（Ｔｇ）まで加熱される場合、設定温度（Ｓｖ）、蓋体２の測定温度（Ｐｖ）及び耐熱容器１０の内部温度（Ｔｘ）は互いに等しい状態で変化する。ここで、制御装置５は、耐熱容器１０の内部を目標温度Ｔｇまで加熱するため、一定の燃料供給量Ｑ１をバーナ３に供給する。なお、設定温度（Ｓｖ）、測定温度（Ｐｖ）及び内部温度（Ｔｘ）のグラフを並べて表記しているのは、それぞれが同じ温度であることを示している。 As shown in FIG. 2, when the heat-resistant container 10 and the lid 2 are heated from the normal temperature (Ta) to the target temperature (Tg) for the first time, the set temperature (Sv) and the measured temperature (Pv) of the lid 2 are used. And the internal temperature (Tx) of the heat-resistant container 10 changes in a state of being equal to each other. Here, in order to heat the inside of the heat-resistant container 10 to the target temperature Tg, the control device 5 supplies a constant fuel supply amount Q1 to the burner 3. The graphs of the set temperature (Sv), the measured temperature (Pv), and the internal temperature (Tx) are shown side by side, indicating that they are the same temperature.

そして、設定温度（Ｓｖ）、測定温度（Ｐｖ）及び耐熱容器１０の内部温度（Ｔｘ）（以下、「各温度」という）が目標温度Ｔｇに近くなると（ｔ０以降）、各温度が目標温度Ｔｇを超えないように、バーナ３への燃料供給量を減少させる。そして、各温度が目標温度Ｔｇに達すると、所定時間（ｔ１〜ｔ２）の間、各温度は目標温度Ｔｇで維持される。ここで、各温度は目標温度Ｔｇで維持されるので、バーナ３への燃料供給量は、温度上昇させる場合の燃料供給量Ｑ１と比べて小さい燃料供給量Ｑ２で一定に維持される。ここで、制御装置５は、耐熱容器１０及び蓋体２が通常温度から目標温度まで加熱されたときのバーナ３の加熱燃焼パターン、すなわち燃料供給量パターンを記憶する。ここで、「燃料供給パターンを記憶する」としているが、電子的な記録だけでなく、作業者がデータを採取した記録を元に行ってもよい。なお、燃料供給量は、図２ではｔ０まで、便宜上直線で示されているが、実際には階段状に増加させたり、減少させたりする場合も含まれる。また、ｔ１からｔ２の間でもＱ２が微調整される場合も含まれる。このことは、図３及び図４にも適用される。その後、ｔ２で加熱（予熱）が終了すると、予熱装置１は耐熱容器１０から外され、耐熱容器１０は受鋼のために移送される。そして、バーナ３の燃焼が停止され、耐熱容器１０のなくなった温度センサ４の温度は、蓋体２に蓄熱された熱の放熱を受けてＰｖ’で示されるように徐々に下降する。２回目に使用するときには、まだＴｐまでしか温度が下がっていない。 Then, when the set temperature (Sv), the measurement temperature (Pv), and the internal temperature (Tx) of the heat-resistant container 10 (hereinafter referred to as "each temperature") are close to the target temperature Tg (after t0), each temperature becomes the target temperature Tg. The amount of fuel supplied to the burner 3 is reduced so as not to exceed. Then, when each temperature reaches the target temperature Tg, each temperature is maintained at the target temperature Tg for a predetermined time (t1 to t2). Here, since each temperature is maintained at the target temperature Tg, the fuel supply amount to the burner 3 is maintained constant at the fuel supply amount Q2, which is smaller than the fuel supply amount Q1 when the temperature is raised. Here, the control device 5 stores the heating combustion pattern of the burner 3, that is, the fuel supply amount pattern when the heat-resistant container 10 and the lid 2 are heated from the normal temperature to the target temperature. Here, although it is stated that "the fuel supply pattern is memorized", it may be performed based on not only the electronic record but also the record in which the data is collected by the operator. The fuel supply amount is shown by a straight line up to t0 in FIG. 2 for convenience, but actually includes cases where the fuel supply amount is increased or decreased in a stepwise manner. It also includes the case where Q2 is finely adjusted between t1 and t2. This also applies to FIGS. 3 and 4. After that, when the heating (preheating) is completed at t2, the preheating device 1 is removed from the heat-resistant container 10, and the heat-resistant container 10 is transferred for receiving steel. Then, the combustion of the burner 3 is stopped, and the temperature of the temperature sensor 4 in which the heat-resistant container 10 has disappeared is gradually lowered as indicated by Pv'by receiving heat radiated from the heat stored in the lid 2. When used for the second time, the temperature has only dropped to Tp.

図３は、一旦加熱に供された蓋体２を使用して、通常温度の耐熱容器１０の内部が所定温度を経て目標温度まで加熱されたときの時間ｔに対する温度Ｔ及び燃料供給量Ｑの変化を示すグラフである。図３における横軸、縦軸及びグラフの説明は、図２と同様である。 FIG. 3 shows the temperature T and the fuel supply amount Q with respect to the time t when the inside of the heat-resistant container 10 having a normal temperature is heated to the target temperature through a predetermined temperature by using the lid 2 once subjected to heating. It is a graph which shows the change. The description of the horizontal axis, the vertical axis, and the graph in FIG. 3 is the same as that in FIG.

次に、通常温度の耐熱容器１０及び一旦加熱に供された蓋体２が目標温度まで加熱される場合、つまり、初回の次の回以降は、初回であれば設定温度（Ｓｖ）及び耐熱容器１０の内部温度（Ｔｘ）は等しく変化し、両温度は、通常温度から目標温度Ｔｇまで上昇する。しかし、蓋体２は一旦加熱に供されているので、蓋体２に取り付けられた温度センサ４がその影響を受けて、測定温度（Ｐｖ）は、設定温度（Ｓｖ）及び耐熱容器１０の内部温度（Ｔｘ）より高い温度（一旦加熱に供された蓋体２を使用した場合の加熱初期測定温度）Ｔｐが制御装置５に入力されて、バーナ３の加熱が開始される。 Next, when the heat-resistant container 10 at a normal temperature and the lid 2 once subjected to heating are heated to the target temperature, that is, after the first time, if it is the first time, the set temperature (Sv) and the heat-resistant container The internal temperature (Tx) of 10 changes equally, and both temperatures rise from the normal temperature to the target temperature Tg. However, since the lid 2 is once subjected to heating, the temperature sensor 4 attached to the lid 2 is affected by the temperature sensor 4, and the measured temperature (Pv) is the set temperature (Sv) and the inside of the heat-resistant container 10. A temperature higher than the temperature (Tx) (initially measured temperature for heating when the lid 2 once subjected to heating) Tp is input to the control device 5, and heating of the burner 3 is started.

ここで、初回と同様にバーナ３の加熱が蓋体２の温度センサ４による測定温度（Ｐｖ）に基づき行われると、図４に示されるように、測定温度（Ｐｖ）が設定温度（Ｓｖ）を上回るため、バーナ３は燃焼量を低く制御してしまう（図４参照）。したがって、耐熱容器１０に対して十分な予熱が行われなかったり予熱に時間がかかったりするという問題が生じる。すなわち、測定温度（Ｐｖ）と設定温度（Ｓｖ）とが一致する時間ｔ３１になってようやく、バーナ３は、燃料供給量Ｑ１に増加するが、実際の内部温度（Ｔｘ）は、設定値よりも低いままで上昇している。また、ＰｖとＳｖとがＴｇになって燃料供給量をＱ１に減少させたときでも、実際の内部温度ＴｘはＳｖよりも上昇せず、時間ｔ４になってようやく追いつく。このように、２回目以降の実際の内部温度Ｔｘは、所望の設定温度Ｓｖで加熱が行われず、予熱が不十分となってしまう。そこで、本実施形態では、図３に示されるように、測定温度（Ｐｖ）に関わらず、少なくとも測定温度（Ｐｖ）が設定温度（Ｓｖ）に等しくなる所定温度Ｔｓまで、制御装置５は、パターン燃焼機構５１を作動させ、上記初回で記憶した耐熱容器１０の内部が通常温度から目標温度Ｔｇまで加熱されたときのバーナの加熱燃焼パターン（燃料供給量パターン）でバーナ３を燃焼させる。そうすることにより、バーナ３はＱ１で燃焼されるので、通常温度Ｔａの耐熱容器１０は初回と同様に昇温される。なお、パターン燃焼機構５１の作動は、作業者がデータを採取した記録を元に手動で調整してもよい。 Here, when the burner 3 is heated based on the temperature (Pv) measured by the temperature sensor 4 of the lid 2 as in the first time, the measurement temperature (Pv) is the set temperature (Sv) as shown in FIG. Therefore, the burner 3 controls the combustion amount to be low (see FIG. 4). Therefore, there arises a problem that the heat-resistant container 10 is not sufficiently preheated or the preheating takes a long time. That is, the burner 3 increases to the fuel supply amount Q1 only at the time t31 when the measured temperature (Pv) and the set temperature (Sv) coincide with each other, but the actual internal temperature (Tx) is higher than the set value. It remains low and is rising. Further, even when Pv and Sv become Tg and the fuel supply amount is reduced to Q1, the actual internal temperature Tx does not rise above Sv and finally catches up at time t4. As described above, the actual internal temperature Tx after the second time is not heated at the desired set temperature Sv, and the preheating becomes insufficient. Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the control device 5 has a pattern of at least a predetermined temperature Ts at which the measured temperature (Pv) becomes equal to the set temperature (Sv) regardless of the measured temperature (Pv). The combustion mechanism 51 is operated to burn the burner 3 in the heating combustion pattern (fuel supply amount pattern) of the burner when the inside of the heat-resistant container 10 stored in the first time is heated from the normal temperature to the target temperature Tg. By doing so, since the burner 3 is burned in Q1, the temperature of the heat-resistant container 10 having a normal temperature Ta is raised in the same manner as the first time. The operation of the pattern combustion mechanism 51 may be manually adjusted based on the record collected by the operator.

そして、温度センサ４の測定温度（Ｐｖ）が設定温度（Ｓｖ）に等しくなった時点で、制御装置５は、パターン燃焼機構５１を温度管理燃焼機構５２に切り換える。すなわち、温度センサ４によって測定された蓋体２の測定温度（Ｐｖ）に基づき、バーナ３への燃料供給量を制御する。そして、設定温度（Ｓｖ）、測定温度（Ｐｖ）及び内部温度（Ｔｘ）（以下、「各温度」という）が目標温度Ｔｇに近くなると（ｔ０以降）、各温度が目標温度Ｔｇを超えないように、バーナ３への燃料供給量を減少させる。その後、各温度が目標温度Ｔｇに達すると、所定時間の間、目標温度Ｔｇで維持される。ここで、各温度は目標温度Ｔｇで維持されるので、バーナ３への燃料供給量は、温度上昇させる場合の燃料供給量Ｑ１と比べて小さい燃料供給量Ｑ２で一定に維持される。その後、加熱が終了すると、予熱装置１は耐熱容器１０から外され、耐熱容器１０は受鋼のために移送される。 Then, when the measured temperature (Pv) of the temperature sensor 4 becomes equal to the set temperature (Sv), the control device 5 switches the pattern combustion mechanism 51 to the temperature control combustion mechanism 52. That is, the amount of fuel supplied to the burner 3 is controlled based on the measured temperature (Pv) of the lid 2 measured by the temperature sensor 4. Then, when the set temperature (Sv), the measured temperature (Pv), and the internal temperature (Tx) (hereinafter referred to as "each temperature") are close to the target temperature Tg (after t0), each temperature does not exceed the target temperature Tg. In addition, the amount of fuel supplied to the burner 3 is reduced. After that, when each temperature reaches the target temperature Tg, it is maintained at the target temperature Tg for a predetermined time. Here, since each temperature is maintained at the target temperature Tg, the fuel supply amount to the burner 3 is maintained constant at the fuel supply amount Q2, which is smaller than the fuel supply amount Q1 when the temperature is raised. After that, when the heating is completed, the preheating device 1 is removed from the heat-resistant container 10, and the heat-resistant container 10 is transferred for receiving steel.

前記構成の予熱装置１によれば、次のような効果を発揮できる。 According to the preheating device 1 having the above configuration, the following effects can be exhibited.

（１）予熱装置１を連続使用し、予熱装置１の蓋体２の温度センサ４の温度が高い状態であっても、耐熱容器１０の内部が通常温度から目標温度Ｔｇまで加熱されたときの加熱燃焼パターンでバーナ３を燃焼させるので、耐熱容器１０を適切に予熱することができる。 (1) When the inside of the heat-resistant container 10 is heated from the normal temperature to the target temperature Tg even when the preheating device 1 is continuously used and the temperature of the temperature sensor 4 of the lid 2 of the preheating device 1 is high. Since the burner 3 is burned in the heating combustion pattern, the heat-resistant container 10 can be appropriately preheated.

（２）予熱装置１を連続使用し、予熱装置１の蓋体２の温度センサ４の温度が高い状態であっても、所定温度までは、耐熱容器１０の内部が通常温度から目標温度Ｔｇまで加熱されたときの加熱燃焼パターンでバーナ３を燃焼させ、所定温度Ｔｓまで加熱燃焼パターンでバーナ３を燃焼させた後は、温度センサ４の検出結果に基づきバーナ３を燃焼させるので、耐熱容器１０の内部の温度制御を正確に行うことができる。 (2) Even if the preheating device 1 is continuously used and the temperature of the temperature sensor 4 of the lid 2 of the preheating device 1 is high, the inside of the heat-resistant container 10 is from the normal temperature to the target temperature Tg up to a predetermined temperature. After burning the burner 3 in the heating combustion pattern when heated and burning the burner 3 in the heating combustion pattern up to a predetermined temperature Ts, the burner 3 is burned based on the detection result of the temperature sensor 4, so that the heat-resistant container 10 is used. It is possible to accurately control the temperature inside the.

（３）燃料供給量Ｑの時間変化によって加熱燃焼パターンを規定するので、加熱燃焼パターンの特定が容易である。 (3) Since the heating combustion pattern is defined by the time change of the fuel supply amount Q, it is easy to specify the heating combustion pattern.

（４）所定温度Ｔｓを耐熱容器１０の内部の温度が通常温度から目標温度Ｔｇまで加熱されたときの設定温度（Ｓｖ）グラフと温度センサ４の測定温度（Ｐｖ）とが一致した温度とすることによって、早期に温度センサ４の検出結果に基づくバーナ燃焼制御、すなわち温度管理燃焼機構５２によるバーナ３の燃焼制御に移行することができる。 (4) The predetermined temperature Ts is set to a temperature at which the set temperature (Sv) graph when the temperature inside the heat-resistant container 10 is heated from the normal temperature to the target temperature Tg and the measured temperature (Pv) of the temperature sensor 4 coincide with each other. As a result, it is possible to shift to burner combustion control based on the detection result of the temperature sensor 4, that is, combustion control of the burner 3 by the temperature control combustion mechanism 52 at an early stage.

特許請求の範囲に記載された本発明の精神及び範囲から逸脱することなく、各種変形及び変更を行うことも可能である。 It is also possible to make various modifications and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention described in the claims.

本発明では、予熱装置を連続使用し、予熱装置の蓋体の温度が高い状態であっても、耐熱容器を適切に予熱することができる予熱装置を提供できるので、産業上の利用価値が大である。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can provide a preheating device capable of appropriately preheating a heat-resistant container even when the temperature of the lid of the preheating device is high by continuously using the preheating device, and thus has great industrial utility value. Is.

１ 予熱装置
２ 蓋体
３ バーナ
４ 温度センサ
５ 制御装置
５１ パターン燃焼機構
５２ 温度管理燃焼機構
１０ 耐熱容器
１１ 外壁部
１２ 耐火物
ｔ、ｔ１、ｔ２ 時間
Ｔ 温度
Ｓｖ 設定温度
Ｐｖ 測定温度
Ｔｘ 内部温度
Ｔｇ 目標温度
Ｔｓ 所定温度
Ｔｐ 一旦加熱に供された蓋体を使用した場合の加熱初期測定温度
Ｔａ 通常温度
Ｑ 燃料供給量
Ｑ１、Ｑ２ 燃料供給量 1 Preheating device
2 lid
3 burner
4 Temperature sensor
5 Control device
51 Pattern combustion mechanism
52 Temperature control combustion mechanism
10 Heat-resistant container
11 Outer wall
12 Refractory
t, t1, t2 hours
T temperature
Sv set temperature
Pv measurement temperature
Tx internal temperature
Tg target temperature
Ts predetermined temperature
Tp Initial measurement temperature for heating when a lid that has been once heated is used
Ta normal temperature
Q Fuel supply
Q1, Q2 Fuel supply

Claims (5)

耐熱容器を予熱する予熱装置であって、
前記耐熱容器に取り付けられる蓋体と、
前記蓋体に取り付けられ、前記耐熱容器を予熱するバーナと、
前記蓋体に取り付けられ、前記耐熱容器の内部の温度を測定する温度センサと、
前記バーナの燃焼を制御する制御装置と、を備えており、
前記制御装置は、前記耐熱容器及び前記蓋体が通常温度から目標温度まで加熱されたときの前記バーナの加熱燃焼パターンで前記バーナを燃焼させる、予熱装置。
A preheating device that preheats a heat-resistant container.
The lid attached to the heat-resistant container and
A burner attached to the lid and preheating the heat-resistant container,
A temperature sensor attached to the lid and measuring the temperature inside the heat-resistant container,
It is equipped with a control device for controlling the combustion of the burner.
The control device is a preheating device that burns the burner in a heating combustion pattern of the burner when the heat-resistant container and the lid are heated from a normal temperature to a target temperature.
 前記制御装置は、前記耐熱容器及び前記蓋体が通常温度から前記目標温度まで加熱するときに、前記加熱燃焼パターンで所定温度まで前記バーナを燃焼させ、前記所定温度に達した後は、前記温度センサの検出結果に基づき前記バーナを燃焼させる、請求項１記載の予熱装置。
When the heat-resistant container and the lid are heated from the normal temperature to the target temperature, the control device burns the burner to a predetermined temperature in the heating combustion pattern, and after reaching the predetermined temperature, the temperature is reached. The preheating device according to claim 1, wherein the burner is burned based on the detection result of the sensor.
 前記所定温度とは、前記耐熱容器の内部を前記通常温度から前記目標温度まで加熱されたときの設定温度グラフと前記温度センサの測定温度とが一致した温度とする、請求項２記載の予熱装置。
The preheating device according to claim 2, wherein the predetermined temperature is a temperature at which the set temperature graph when the inside of the heat-resistant container is heated from the normal temperature to the target temperature and the measurement temperature of the temperature sensor coincide with each other. ..
 前記加熱燃焼パターンは、前記バーナへの燃料供給量の時間変化で示される、請求項１〜３のいずれか１つに記載の予熱装置。
The preheating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heating combustion pattern is indicated by a time change of a fuel supply amount to the burner.
 前記通常温度とは、前記予熱装置が最初に予熱に供されるときの前記耐熱容器及び前記蓋体の初期温度である、請求項１〜４のいずれか１つに記載の予熱装置。 The preheating device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the normal temperature is an initial temperature of the heat-resistant container and the lid when the preheating device is first subjected to preheating.
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