JP2021080725A - Gradient detection device for tunnel lining form - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a gradient detection device for a tunnel lining form allowing work load for three dimensional measurement when installing the tunnel lining form to be reduced.SOLUTION: A gradient detection device is configured to place a water tank 81 with an opening to atmospheric air on one end in a tunnel width direction of a tunnel lining form E, place a pressure gauge 82 on the other end in the tunnel width direction, and connect the water tank 81 in communication with the pressure gauge 82 through a hose 83.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a device for detecting an inclination including a horizontal state of a tunnel center.

Various tilt detection devices (tilt sensors) are commercially available for detecting tilt when equipment is installed, but they cannot be used for measuring the overall tilt of a large structure such as a tunnel center.

By the way, when the tunnel center E as shown in FIG. 5 is installed in the tunnel C, the installation position is set in advance by the three-dimensional position survey. The tunnel center E has scales 101 and 102 on the lower surfaces of the left and right ends of the ceiling beams 23 and 26 located at both ends of the tunnel longitudinal direction on the face side and the wellhead side of the gate type frame 2 that supports the formwork 1 having a substantially semicircular cross section. , 103 and 104 are vertically hung downward, and at the time of installation, the horizontal state of the ceiling beams 23 and 26 is confirmed by adjusting the scales of the scales 101 to 104 to the set values with the level surveying instrument R. Further, the position of the tunnel center E in the tunnel width direction was adjusted by a lateral movement device using a plumb bob or the like. For example, Patent Document 1 shows a method of detecting the overall posture of a tunnel center by performing such a three-dimensional position survey.

JP-A-2009-186184

By the way, in the above-mentioned conventional method, every time the tunnel center E located in the tunnel C is moved to a new lining concrete placing position, four level surveys are performed, and the tunnel center E at the moving position is measured. Since it is necessary to confirm the inclined state (including the horizontal state), there is a problem that a great deal of time and effort is required.

Therefore, the present invention solves such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel centle inclination detection device capable of reducing the time and effort of level surveying at the time of installing a tunnel center.

In order to achieve the above object, in the inclination detection device of the tunnel center of the first invention, a liquid tank (81) open to the atmosphere is provided on one side of the tunnel center (E) in the tunnel width direction, and the tunnel center is provided in the tunnel width direction. On the other hand, a pressure gauge (82) is provided, and the liquid tank (81) and the pressure gauge (82) are communicated with each other by a pipeline (83).

In the first invention, since the tilted state (or horizontal state) of the tunnel centle in the tunnel width direction can be known from the detection pressure of the pressure gauge, it is not necessary to perform level survey to know the tilted state, and level surveying is performed. It is possible to reduce the trouble of.

In the inclination detection device of the tunnel centle of the second invention, a liquid tank open to the atmosphere is provided on one side of the tunnel centrue in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and a pressure gauge is provided on the other side in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel to connect the liquid tank and the pressure gauge. It is characterized by communicating on the road.

In the second invention, since the tilted state (or horizontal state) of the tunnel centle in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel can be known from the detection pressure of the pressure gauge, it is not necessary to perform level survey to know the tilted state, and level surveying is performed. It is possible to reduce the trouble of.

In the inclination detection device of the tunnel centle of the third invention, pressure gauges (91) are located at four positions of the tunnel center (E) at different positions in the tunnel width direction and at different positions of the tunnel center in the tunnel longitudinal direction. ~ 94) is provided, and each of the pressure gauges (91 to 94) is communicated with a single liquid tank (95) open to the atmosphere through a pipeline (96 to 98).

According to the third invention, since the inclined state (or horizontal state) of the tunnel center in the tunnel longitudinal direction and the tunnel width direction can be known from the detection pressure of the pressure gauge, level surveying is performed to know the inclined state. There is no need, and the labor of level surveying can be greatly reduced. Further, since it is sufficient to provide a common single liquid tank for the four pressure gauges, the structure and maintenance are simplified.

In the tunnel centle inclination detection device of the fourth invention, the different positions in the tunnel width direction are positions symmetrical with respect to the tunnel width direction center line (L1) of the tunnel center (E) and in the tunnel longitudinal direction. The different positions of are symmetrical with respect to the tunnel longitudinal center line (L2) of the tunnel center (E).

In the fourth invention, since the four pressure gauges are provided at the target positions in the tunnel width direction and the tunnel longitudinal direction, it is possible to simplify the calculation of the inclination amount of the tunnel center from the differential pressure of the detected pressures of each pressure gauge. ..

In the attitude control device for the tunnel center of the fifth invention, the attitude changing means (3A to 3D) for changing the inclined posture of the tunnel center (E) in the tunnel width direction or the tunnel longitudinal direction, and the first invention or the present invention. 2 The pressure signal of the pressure gauge (82) described in the present invention is input to detect the inclined posture of the tunnel center (E) in the tunnel width direction or the tunnel longitudinal direction, and the tunnel center (E) includes a horizontal posture. A control means (6) for operating the posture changing means (3A to 3D) is provided so as to be in the posture of.

In the attitude control device for the tunnel center of the sixth invention, the attitude changing means (3A to 3D) for changing the inclined posture of the tunnel center (E) in the tunnel width direction and the tunnel longitudinal direction, and the third invention or the present invention. 4 The pressure signals of the pressure gauges (91 to 94) described in the present invention are input to detect the inclined posture of the tunnel center (E) in the tunnel width direction and the tunnel longitudinal direction, and the tunnel center (E) takes a horizontal posture. A control means (6) for operating the posture changing means (3A to 3D) is provided so as to have a predetermined posture including the posture.

The reference numerals in parentheses indicate the correspondence with the specific means described in the embodiments described later for reference.

According to the inclination detection device of the tunnel center of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the trouble of leveling when installing the tunnel center.

It is a perspective view of the tunnel centle provided with the inclination detection device in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the inclination detection device. It is a perspective view of the tunnel centle provided with the inclination detection device in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the whole perspective view of the inclination detection device. It is a perspective view of the tunnel centle which shows the conventional example.

The embodiments described below are merely examples, and various design improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention are also included in the scope of the present invention.

(First Embodiment)
In FIG. 1, the tunnel center E positions a frame 1 having a substantially semicircular cross section along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel C, and the frame 1 is supported by a portal frame 2 in a known structure. Both the front and rear legs of the portal frame 2 are supported by lifting jacks 3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D as posture changing means operated by an external signal, respectively. Each of the elevating jacks 3A to 3D is provided with a sensor that outputs the extended position.

The elevating jacks 3A to 3D are mounted on the lateral feed devices 4A, 4B, 4C, and 4D that simultaneously move the left and right legs in the tunnel width direction, and the lateral feed devices 4A to 4D are mounted in the tunnel longitudinal direction. It is mounted on self-propelled devices 5A, 5B, 5C, and 5D that move on rails (not shown) laid on the tunnel.

The lateral feed devices 4A to 4D and the self-propelled devices 5A to 5D can be operated by external signals, respectively, and are provided with sensors for detecting the feed amount and the travel amount, respectively. As a result, the gate-shaped frame 2 can be moved to a predetermined position in the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the tunnel, and can be moved up and down to a predetermined position in the vertical direction of the tunnel by a command operation from the operation panel 6.

The frame body 1 is a top foam 11 located at the top of a substantially arc cross section and supported by the ceiling beams 23 and 26 of the gate-shaped frame 2, and a side foam 12 rotatably connected to both ends of the top foam 11. The invert foam 13 is rotatably connected to the side foam, and the side foam 12 and the invert foam 13 are rotated in and out by the drive cylinders 71 and 72, respectively. The drive cylinders 71 and 72 can be operated by an external signal, and each drive cylinder 71 and 72 is provided with a sensor for detecting the extension position. As a result, the side foam 12 and the invert foam 13 can be rotated to a predetermined position by a command signal from the operation panel 6.

In addition to the above structure, in the present embodiment, inclination detection devices 8A and 8B are provided on the ceiling beams 23 and 26 at the front end and the rear end of the portal frame 2, respectively. The inclination detection devices 8A and 8B have the same structure, and as shown in FIG. 2, are composed of a water tank 81 which is a liquid tank open to the atmosphere, a pressure gauge 82, and a hose 83 for communicating these.

In the present embodiment, the water tank 81 is erected on one end of the ceiling beams 23 and 26 before and after the portal frame 2 and fixed to the support beams 231,261 that support the ceiling foam 11. On the other hand, the pressure gauge 82 is erected on the other end of each of the ceiling beams 23 and 26 at a position symmetrical with respect to the center line in the tunnel width direction and fixed to the support beams 232 and 262 that support the ceiling foam 11. The water tank 81 and the pressure gauge 82 are communicated with each other by a hose 83 which is a conduit arranged along the ceiling beams 23 and 26.

In such an inclination detecting device 8, as shown in FIG. 2, the water pressure corresponding to the water level H in the water tank 81 seen from the pressure gauge 82 is detected by the pressure gauge 82. That is, when the tunnel center E (that is, the portal frame 2) is inclined downward from one side (left side in the figure) in the width direction to the other side in the tunnel (FIG. 2 (1)), it is detected by the pressure gauge 82. The water pressure P1 is relatively large, and on the contrary, when the water pressure P1 rises and slopes (FIG. 2 (3)), the water pressure P3 detected by the pressure gauge 82 is relatively small. When the tunnel center E (that is, the portal frame 2) is in the horizontal posture (FIG. 2 (2)), the water pressure P2 detected by the pressure gauge 82 is an intermediate value between the water pressure P1 and the water pressure P3. Therefore, the lifting jacks 3A, 3C or 3B, 3D of the legs 21, 24 or 22, 25 on the higher side of the inclined gate-shaped frame 2 are operated so that the water pressure detected by the pressure gauge 82 becomes P2. By lowering the high side of the gate-shaped frame 2, the tunnel center E can be placed in a horizontal position. The tunnel center E may be placed in a horizontal position by raising the lower side of the gate-shaped frame 2. In FIG. 1, surveying prisms 27 and 28 are mounted on the upper half of the hydraulic jacks 3A and 3C integrated with the legs 21 and 24 at the front and rear ends of the portal frame 2, respectively.

In the tunnel center E provided with the inclination detection devices 8A and 8B having such a structure, the inclination of the ceiling beams 23 and 26 is first set to zero, that is, the ceiling beams 23 and 26 are set to the horizontal state. As described above, this is because the high side legs 21, 22, 24, 25 of the ceiling beams 23, 26 before and after the portal frame 2 are set so that the water pressure detected by the pressure gauge 82 is P2. This is done by operating the lifting jacks 3A to 3D to lower the higher side. It is also possible to automate the above series of operations. In this case, the pressure signal of the pressure gauge 82 of each inclination detection device is fed back to the operation panel 6 to detect the inclination posture in the tunnel width direction, and the tunnel center E is set to the horizontal posture by the computer program in the operation panel 6. The front and rear lifting jacks 3A, 3B and 3C, 3D are operated.

With the ceiling beams 23 and 26 horizontal, the surveying prisms 27 and 28 of the front and rear legs 21 and 24 are irradiated with laser light from the surveying instrument R, and the positions of the prisms 27 and 28 are three-dimensionally determined by a known method. The lateral feed devices 4A to 4D are operated with reference to the original measurement and the known cross-sectional shape of the tunnel to position the portal frame 2 at a predetermined position in the width direction of the tunnel. Then, the lifting jacks 3A to 3D of the left and right legs 21, 22, 24, 25 of the gate-shaped frame 2 are simultaneously raised so that the top foam 11 has a predetermined height with respect to the tunnel cross section, and then, after that, The drive cylinders 71 and 72 are operated to deploy and rotate the side foam 12 and the invert foam 13 to appropriate positions. In this state, lining concrete is placed between the frame 1 and the inner circumference of the tunnel.

When the placement of the lining concrete is completed, the side foam 12 and the invert foam 13 are contracted and rotated to their original positions, and then the top foam 11 is lowered to a predetermined position. Subsequently, the self-propelled devices 5A to 5D move the gantry frame 2 (tunnel center E) to the next concrete placing position.

At the new concrete placing position, each of the ceiling beams 23 before and after the portal frame 2 that may be inclined due to the laying state of the rail during movement based on the detection pressures of the inclination detection devices 8A and 8B described above, 26 is returned to the horizontal state, the positions of the front and rear surveying prisms 27 and 28 are measured three-dimensionally, and as described above, the position of the gate frame 2 in the tunnel width direction, the rise of the gate frame 2, and the side foam The unfolding rotation of 12 and the invert form 13 is performed. By repeating the above procedure, lining concrete is placed on the inner circumference of the tunnel in order from the wellhead side to the face side.

According to the present embodiment, the horizontal state of the front and rear ceiling beams 23 and 26 of the gate-shaped frame 2 of the tunnel center E can be easily known by the inclination detection devices 8A and 8B. The time and effort required for three-dimensional surveying associated with the mobile installation of the tunnel center E can be significantly reduced.

(Second Embodiment)
As shown in FIG. 3, the inclination detection device 9 of the present embodiment is installed in the tunnel center E having the same structure as that of the first embodiment. That is, pressure gauges 91, 92, 93, 94 constituting the inclination detection device 9 are installed at both ends in the tunnel width direction on the ceiling beams 23, 26 before and after the portal frame 2, respectively. In the embodiment, the inclination detection device 9 is configured on the support beam (not shown) located at the center in the tunnel width direction and the center in the tunnel longitudinal direction of the portal frame 2 at a position higher than each of the pressure gauges 91 to 94. A water tank 95 open to the atmosphere is provided. The pressure gauges 91, 92 and 93, 94 of the ceiling beams 23 and 26 are communicated with each other by the hoses 96 and 97, and these hoses 96 and 97 are communicated with the water tank by the hose 98 at substantially the center.

The overall perspective view of the inclination detection device 9 described above is shown in FIG. The pressure gauges 91 to 94 are located symmetrically with respect to the tunnel width direction center line L1 of the tunnel center E and symmetrical with respect to the tunnel longitudinal direction center line L2 of the tunnel center E. The pressure detected by each pressure gauge 91-94 corresponds to the water level H1, H2, H3, H4 of the water tank 95 seen from each pressure gauge 91-94, and the front and rear ceiling beams 23,26. When they are horizontal, the detected pressures of the pressure gauges 91, 92 and 93, 94 provided at both ends of the ceiling beams 23 and 26 are the same. Further, when the portal frame 2 is horizontal even in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the detected pressures of all the pressure gauges 91 to 94 are the same. When the portal frame 2 is inclined in the tunnel width direction, the difference pressure between the detected pressures of one pressure gauge 91 and 93 in the width direction and the other pressure gauges 93 and 94 in the width direction is the amount of inclination. It grows accordingly. On the other hand, when the portal frame 2 is inclined in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the differential pressure between the pressure gauges 91 and 92 on the front side and the pressure gauges 93 and 94 on the rear side increases according to the amount of inclination.

According to this embodiment, the structure of the inclination detection device 9 and its maintenance can be simplified by using one water tank 95, and the ceiling beams 23 and 26 before and after the tunnel center E are in a horizontal or inclined state. That is, in addition to the horizontal or inclined state in the tunnel width direction of the center E, the horizontal or inclined state in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel can be easily known. Therefore, in the three-dimensional survey after the movement of the tunnel center E, the tunnel of the tunnel center E It is possible to save the trouble of calculating and confirming the horizontal posture and the tilted posture in the longitudinal direction. The pressure signals of the pressure gauges 91 to 94 of the inclination detection device 9 are fed back to the operation panel 6 to detect the inclination posture in the tunnel width direction and the tunnel longitudinal direction, and the tunnel center E is set by the computer program in the operation panel 6. The front and rear elevating jacks 3A to 3D may be operated so as to have a horizontal posture in the tunnel width direction and a predetermined inclined posture in the tunnel longitudinal direction.

(Other embodiments)
In each of the above embodiments, the water tank is set to be higher than the pressure gauge in any tilted state so that the detected pressure of the pressure gauge is always positive, but it is not always necessary to do so.
In the first embodiment, the inclined state in the width direction of the tunnel center is detected, but an inclination detecting device may be provided in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel center to detect the inclined state in the direction.
In each of the above embodiments, the pressure gauges are provided at symmetrical positions, but the present invention is not limited to this.

1 ... Frame body, 2 ... Gate type frame, 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D ... Lifting jack (position changing means), 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D ... Horizontal feed device, 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D ... Self-propelled Device, 6 ... Operation panel, 71, 72 ... Drive cylinder, 81 ... Water tank (liquid tank), 82 ... Pressure gauge, 83 ... Hose (pipeline), 91, 92, 93, 94 ... Pressure gauge, 95 ... Water Tank (liquid tank), E ... Tunnel center.

Claims (6)

A tunnel centre characterized in that a liquid tank open to the atmosphere is provided on one side in the tunnel width direction and a pressure gauge is provided on the other side in the tunnel width direction so that the liquid tank and the pressure gauge are communicated with each other by a pipeline. Tilt detector. A tunnel centre characterized in that a liquid tank open to the atmosphere is provided on one side in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel and a pressure gauge is provided on the other side in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel so that the liquid tank and the pressure gauge are communicated with each other by a pipeline. Tilt detector. Pressure gauges are provided at four locations in the tunnel center at different positions in the tunnel width direction and at different positions in the tunnel longitudinal direction of the tunnel center, and each pressure gauge is connected to a single liquid tank open to the atmosphere. An inclination detector for a tunnel center, which is characterized by communicating with a road. The different positions in the tunnel width direction are positions symmetrical with respect to the tunnel width direction center line of the tunnel center, and the different positions in the tunnel longitudinal direction are positions symmetrical with respect to the tunnel width direction center line of the tunnel center. The inclination detection device for a tunnel center according to claim 3. The attitude changing means for changing the inclined posture in the tunnel width direction or the tunnel longitudinal direction of the tunnel center and the pressure signal of the pressure gauge according to claim 1 or 2 are input to enter the tunnel width direction or the tunnel longitudinal direction of the tunnel center. A posture control device for a tunnel center provided with a control means for detecting the tilted posture in the tunnel and operating the posture changing means so that the tunnel center has a predetermined posture including a horizontal posture. The attitude changing means for changing the inclined posture in the tunnel width direction and the tunnel longitudinal direction of the tunnel center and the pressure signal of each pressure gauge according to claim 3 or 4 are input to enter the tunnel width direction and the tunnel longitudinal direction of the tunnel center. A posture control device for a tunnel center provided with a control means for detecting the tilted posture in the tunnel and operating the posture changing means so that the tunnel center has a predetermined posture including a horizontal posture.

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