JP2021078386A - Shellfish farming basket - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a farming basket capable of finding easily an opening.SOLUTION: In a farming basket 10, each opening 18 is provided on all four ridgelines 17. When being put in the sea for several months, the farming basket 10 is covered with marine plants, dirt or the like, and the openings 18 become invisible. When hitting one ridgeline 17 among the four with a rod, marine plants, dirt or the like fall down and the openings 18 appear. The dirt or the like on the farming basket 10 is not required to be dropped wholly, but by dropping dirt or the like from only one ridgeline 17, the openings 18 can be found.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

The present invention relates to aquaculture baskets used for culturing juvenile mussels such as scallops.

Various shapes of shellfish farming baskets are known (see, for example, Patent Document 1 (FIG. 2)).

Patent Document 1 will be described with reference to the following figure.
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a basic configuration of a conventional aquaculture basket.
The culture cage 100 includes a ring frame 101, a hanging rope 102 for suspending a plurality of ring frames 101 at predetermined intervals, a bottom net 103 horizontally stretched on the ring frame 101, and a hanging rope 102 from the edge of the bottom net 103. It is a cylindrical basket composed of a side net 104 raised along the side net 104, an opening 105 as an entrance / exit provided in the side net 104, and a suture thread 106 for closing the opening 105.

The suture thread 106 is a plastic filament such as a thread, and the opening 105 is closed by being sutured in a zigzag shape by the suture thread 106 (Patent Document 1, paragraph 0028).

Scallops and the like are cultivated in a plurality of types of aquaculture cages 100 with different meshes until a juvenile mussel having a size of about 2 mm becomes a size of about 80 mm.
The juvenile mussels are cultivated for several months in a mesh aquaculture cage 100 of a certain size. After a few months, the aquaculture basket 100 is lifted on land or on board, the suture 106 is pulled out, and the opening 105 is opened. Remove the juvenile clams from the opening 105.

Then, the juvenile mussels are thrown in through the opening 105 of the large mesh aquaculture basket 100, and the opening 105 is closed with the suture thread 106. The juveniles are cultivated in a large mesh aquaculture cage 100 for several months. After a few months, the aquaculture basket 100 is lifted to land, the suture 106 is pulled out, and the opening 105 is opened. The juvenile clams are dropped with the opening 105 facing down.
Such a thing is done about three times.

However, the aquaculture basket 100 has the following problems.
The aquaculture basket 100 is suspended in the sea for several months. During this time, marine organisms and dirt (hereinafter referred to as dirt and the like) adhere to the side net 104. The opening 105 and the suture 106 are covered with dirt or the like and become invisible.

Therefore, before taking out the juvenile clams, the opening 105 is searched for while removing (removing) dirt and the like from the aquaculture basket 100.
Although it depends on the probability, since dirt and the like on almost the entire circumference of the side net 104 (360 ° in the case of a cylinder) are removed, the removal time becomes long and the work efficiency decreases.

In recent years, attempts have been made to entrust the removal of juvenile clams to a machine, but it is necessary to direct the opening 105 to a designated place of the machine, and it is still a human task to find the opening 105. Even if a machine is introduced, the labor saving effect will be small. This hinders mechanization.

As work efficiency and mechanization are required, aquaculture baskets that can easily find openings are required.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-216870

An object of the present invention is to provide a culture cage in which an opening can be easily found.

The invention according to claim 1 is a farming basket used for culturing juvenile scallops and the like.
This aquaculture cage is a polygonal pyramid cage having a polygonal bottom net and a plurality of triangular side nets rising from the edges of the bottom net.
It is characterized in that openings are provided in all or at least two of the ridgelines where the adjacent side nets intersect.

The invention according to claim 2 is the shellfish farming basket according to claim 1.
The ridgeline is divided into a lower part on the bottom net side and an upper part extending upward from the lower part.
The opening is provided in all or a part of the upper part.

The invention according to claim 3 is the shellfish farming basket according to claim 1 or 2.
The opening is temporarily fastened with a fastener.
The fastener is characterized by being composed of a substance that dissolves, semi-dissolves or becomes fragile when immersed in the sea for 60 to 90 days.

The invention according to claim 4 is the shellfish farming basket according to claim 3.
The substance is characterized by being carbon steel or bioplastic.

The invention according to claim 5 is a farming basket used for culturing juvenile scallops and the like.
This aquaculture cage has a bottom net and a side net rising from the edge of the bottom net, and the side net has an opening, and the opening is temporarily fastened with a fastener made of carbon steel or bioplastic. It is characterized by being.

The invention according to claim 6 is the shellfish farming basket according to claim 5.
This aquaculture cage is a polygonal pyramid cage having a polygonal bottom net and a plurality of triangular side nets rising from the edges of the bottom net, and the opening is provided at the ridgeline where the adjacent side nets intersect. It is characterized by being.

In the invention according to claim 1, the aquaculture basket is a polygonal pyramid basket, and the opening is provided on the ridgeline.
Since the opening is provided on the ridgeline, it is sufficient to remove dirt and the like only on the ridgeline.
If dirt and the like on the entire circumference of the side net are removed, the removal time will be long, but if only the ridgeline is used, the removal time will be significantly shortened.
Therefore, the present invention provides a culture cage in which an opening can be easily found in a short time.

In addition, if all the ridge lines are provided with openings, the openings can be found by removing dirt or the like on only one ridge line, and the removal time is further shortened.
Further, if openings are provided in two ridges among the plurality of ridges, the openings can be stochastically found in half the time.

In the invention of claim 2, the opening is provided above the ridgeline. The juveniles are on the bottom net and sometimes hit the bottom of the ridge, but barely above the ridge. As a result, the juveniles do not escape from the opening.

In the invention according to claim 3, the opening is temporarily fastened with a fastener made of a substance that dissolves when immersed in the sea for 60 to 90 days.
When dropping the aquaculture basket into the sea, the openings are closed with fasteners. The juveniles do not run away.
By the time the aquaculture basket is pulled out of the sea, the opening is open.
Since it is open, it becomes easier to find the opening, and the work of removing the suture is not required, so that the power of action is improved.

In the invention of claim 4, the fastener is carbon steel or bioplastic. Carbon steel or bioplastic is almost dissolved by immersing it in the sea for 60 to 90 days.
When carbon steel corrodes, it disperses in seawater in the form of iron ions and does not pollute the ocean. Bioplastics do not pollute the ocean because they are broken down into carbon dioxide and water.

In the invention according to claim 5, the aquaculture basket has an opening in the side net, and the opening is temporarily fastened with a fastener made of carbon steel or bioplastic.
By the time the aquaculture basket is pulled out of the sea, the opening is open. The openness makes it easier to find the opening.
Therefore, the present invention provides aquaculture baskets in which openings can be easily found.

In the invention according to claim 6, the aquaculture basket is a polygonal pyramid basket, and an opening is provided at the ridgeline where the side nets intersect.
Since the opening is provided on the ridgeline, the ridgeline may be concentrated to remove dirt and the like.
If dirt and the like on the entire circumference of the side net are removed, the removal time will be long, but if only the ridgeline is used, the removal time will be significantly shortened.

It is sectional drawing of the shellfish culture basket which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view of the culture basket which concerns on this invention. (A) is an enlarged view of an open opening, (b) is an enlarged view of a closed opening, (c) is an enlarged view of an opening fastened with a fastener, and (d) is d of (c). It is an enlarged view of a part. It is a flow chart of aquaculture. (A) is a plan view of the aquaculture basket, (b) is a view for explaining the removal of juvenile mussels, and (c) is a plan view for explaining a modified example of the aquaculture basket. It is a perspective view explaining the further modification example of aquaculture basket. It is a perspective view explaining the further modification example of aquaculture basket. It is a figure explaining the basic structure of the conventional aquaculture basket.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the shellfish culture cage (hereinafter abbreviated as culture cage) 10 includes a frame body 12 formed by bending a mild steel wire 11 coated with a resin into a frame shape, and the frame body 12 from below. A bottom net 13 to cover, a side net 14 rising from the edge of the bottom net 13, a hanging rope 15 that is entwined with the center of the frame body 12 and then extended up and down, and a binding that binds the upper end of the side net 14 to the hanging rope 15. It is a polygonal cone made of wood 16.
The hanging rope 15 extends vertically from the aquaculture cage 10 so that a plurality of aquaculture cages 10 can be connected to each other.

As shown in FIG. 2, the aquaculture basket 10 is, for example, a quadrangular pyramid basket. In this case, the bottom net is a quadrangle. The side net 14 exhibits a triangular shape. The portion where the adjacent side nets 14 intersect is the ridge line 17. If it is a quadrangular pyramid basket, the number of ridge lines 17 is four. In the case of a triangular pyramid basket, the number of ridge lines 17 is three, and in the case of a hexagonal pyramid basket, the number of ridge lines 17 is six.

In the four ridges 17 of the quadrangular pyramid cage, preferably, openings 18 are provided in all of them. Alternatively, openings 18 are provided on two diagonal lines. Alternatively, three openings 18 are provided.

In the ridge line 17 shown in FIG. 1, the portion immediately from the bottom net 13 is an upright portion 21 called “standing”, and the portion 22 from the upper end of the upright portion 21 is an oblique portion 22.
The upright portion 21 is referred to as the lower portion 17a of the ridgeline 17, and the oblique portion 22 is referred to as the upper portion 17b of the ridgeline 17. The opening 18 is not provided in the lower portion 17a. The openings 18 are provided in all or part of the upper portion 17b.

The standing portion 21 (lower part 17a) is a portion that mainly hits when the juveniles move laterally. By not providing the opening 18 in the upright portion 21 (lower portion 17a), it becomes difficult for the juvenile mussels to escape from the aquaculture cage 10.

The opening 18 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
When the hanging rope (FIG. 1, reference numeral 15) is loosened, the opening 18 is opened as shown in FIG. 3 (a), and the juvenile clams can be taken in and out.
When the hanging rope (FIG. 1, reference numeral 15) is pulled up (tightened), the side net 14 is pulled, and the opening 18 is closed as shown in FIG. 3 (b).

As shown in FIG. 3C, the opening 18 is fastened with the staple 24 of the stapler as the fastener 23 in preparation for dropping into the sea. The number of staples 24 of the stapler may be 1 to 3 per opening 18.
As shown in FIG. 3D, the stapler 24 of the stapler is formed by penetrating both feet 25 of a rust-prone carbon steel U-shaped needle through the edges of the side net 14, and then bending both feet 25. Carbon steel is severely corroded in the sea by chloride and oxygen ions, thinning and becoming fragile. When the wall thickness is significantly reduced, the needle 24 itself dissolves and disappears.

The fastener 23 may be of any type as long as it dissolves or weakens in the sea in a few hours to a few months. The fastener 23 is, for example, a thread or string of a biodegradable polymer PHBH (registered trademark) manufactured by Kaneka Corporation. PHBH® is a 100% plant-derived biopolymer, and 90% or more of it is biodegraded in seawater at 30 ° C. after 6 months.

Next, a preferable usage of the aquaculture basket 10 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In ST01 (step number 01, the same applies hereinafter) shown in FIG. 4, the juvenile clams are put into the aquaculture cage. Next, the opening is fastened with a fastener (ST02). Next, the aquaculture basket is dropped into the sea (ST03).

At the time of dropping, the juvenile clams on the bottom net are pushed up by seawater and float in the aquaculture cage. At this time, since the opening is fastened with a fastener, the juvenile mussels do not escape from the opening. This dropping operation is completed in a few minutes.

The fasteners dissolve (or semi-dissolve) in the sea in a few hours to a few months, depending on the material.
When the fastener melts and disappears, it takes the form shown in FIG. 3 (b). In FIG. 3B, since the side net 14 is pulled up and down, the opening 18 is in a closed state.

In FIG. 1, during aquaculture, the juvenile mussels are mainly mounted on the bottom net 13 and occasionally move to hit the lower 17a of the side net 14. Since there is no opening 18 in the lower portion 17a, the juvenile clams do not escape.
In rare cases, the juveniles rise, but even at this time, most of them hit the upper part 17b and fall to the bottom net 13. Very rarely, the raised juveniles hit the opening 18, but since they are closed as shown in FIG. 3 (b), there is little risk of the juveniles escaping from the openings 18.

Therefore, aquaculture can be continued with the fastener 23 removed from the opening 18.
As shown in ST04 of FIG. 4, the aquaculture cage is pulled up after a few months. The work of taking out juvenile clams is carried out on land or on board (ST05).

The work of taking out the juvenile clams will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
Dirt and the like are densely adhered to the aquaculture basket 10, but as shown in FIG. 5 (a), four ridge lines 17 (the symbols 17A to 17D are also shown to distinguish the locations). Somehow looks.

One ridge line 17A is hit by hand, shaken, or hit with a stick to remove dirt and the like. Even if the fastener 23 shown in FIG. 3D is in a semi-dissolved state or a fragile state, the fastener 23 is destroyed by hitting. By tapping, the opening 18A appears.
Therefore, in FIG. 5A, the aquaculture basket 10 is turned counterclockwise in the drawing by about 45 °.
As shown in FIG. 5B, the aquaculture cage 10 is tilted so that the opening 18A is at the bottom. Juveniles fall from the opening 18A.

As shown in FIG. 5C, the ridge lines 17B and the openings 18B and 18D of the ridge lines 17D may not be provided. By reducing the number of openings 18A and 18C, the aquaculture cage 10 can be made cheaper.
However, the aquaculture basket 10 of FIG. 5C removes dirt and the like by hitting two adjacent ridgelines (for example, 17A and 17B) with a hand. An opening (eg, 18A) appears from one of the two ridges (eg, 17A and 17B).

Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to provide openings 18 in all of the ridge lines 17, but it may be provided in two or more ridge lines.

In ST06 of FIG. 4, the empty aquaculture cage is cleaned for the next use.
Further, when the juvenile mussels taken out in ST05 are transferred to a farming cage having a large mesh, they may return to ST01 and continue the flow.

Next, a modified example of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 6, each of the ridges 17 is provided with an opening 18, and the opening 18 is closed with an insoluble thread or string 26. The insoluble thread or string 26 is pulled out on land or on board.

If an opening 18 is provided only in one of the four ridge lines 17, and the opening 18 is closed with a thread or a string 26, dirt or the like is removed from all of the four ridge lines 17, and the opening 18 is opened. Needs to be exposed, which extends work time.

On the other hand, in the embodiment of FIG. 6, only one of the four ridge lines 17 may be cleaned to expose the opening 18. Working time is reduced to 1/4.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, an opening 18A is provided only in one of the four ridges 17A, and the opening 18A is temporarily fastened with a fastener 23 made of carbon steel or bioplastic.
In the aquaculture basket 10 to which dirt or the like is attached, when all of the four ridge lines 17 are hit by hand, shaken, or hit with a stick, the opening 18A appears. Although the time and effort required for tapping is increased, the aquaculture basket 10 is inexpensive.

In addition, in FIG. 7, the aquaculture basket 10 may be a cylindrical basket, although the labor of striking is increased.
In addition, the substance that dissolves, semi-dissolves, or becomes fragile can be any type as long as it is a substance that biodegrades after a certain period of time, such as carbon steel, bioplastics, special paper, and blended yarns of paper and bioplastics. .. The fixed time is longer than the time for dropping the aquaculture cage 10 into the sea (several hours) and shorter than the time for one aquaculture period (several months).

Further, in the case of the stapler 24 of the stapler described in the embodiment, a part of the needle material may be thinned so as to break in about 30 days in the sea. The stapler 24 of the stapler may be replaced with a wire, and in this case as well, a V-shaped notch may be made in the wire with pliers to weaken the stapler.

Further, since the aquaculture basket of claim 1 includes the form of FIG. 6, any fastener can be used.
Since the aquaculture basket of claim 5 includes the form of FIG. 7, the number of openings 18 may be one. Further, the aquaculture basket of claim 5 may be a cylindrical basket in addition to the polygonal pyramid basket.

Further, in the aquaculture basket 10, in FIG. 1, all of the side nets 14 may be diagonal portions 22. In this case, a part of the oblique portion 22 becomes the lower portion 17a and the remaining portion becomes the upper portion 17b, and the opening 18 is provided in the upper portion 17b.

The present invention is suitable for aquaculture baskets used for culturing juvenile scallops and the like.

10 ... Shellfish farming cage (cultured cage), 13 ... Bottom net, 14 ... Side net, 17, 17A to 17D ... Ridge line, 17a ... Lower part of ridgeline, 17b ... Upper part of ridgeline, 18, 18A to 18D ... Opening, 23 …Fastener.

Claims (6)

A farming basket used for cultivating juvenile scallops and other scallops.
This aquaculture cage is a polygonal pyramid cage having a polygonal bottom net and a plurality of triangular side nets rising from the edges of the bottom net.
A shellfish farming basket characterized in that openings are provided in all or at least two of the ridgelines where the adjacent side nets intersect. The shellfish farming basket according to claim 1.
The ridgeline is divided into a lower part on the bottom net side and an upper part extending upward from the lower part.
A shellfish farming basket characterized in that the opening is provided in all or a part of the upper part. The shellfish farming basket according to claim 1 or 2.
The opening is temporarily fastened with a fastener.
This fastener is a shellfish farming cage characterized in that it is composed of a substance that dissolves, semi-dissolves or becomes fragile when immersed in the sea for 60 to 90 days. The shellfish farming basket according to claim 3.
A shellfish farming basket characterized in that the substance is carbon steel or bioplastic. A farming basket used for cultivating juvenile scallops and other scallops.
This aquaculture cage has a bottom net and a side net rising from the edge of the bottom net, and the side net has an opening, and the opening is temporarily fastened with a fastener made of carbon steel or bioplastic. A shellfish farming basket characterized by being. The shellfish farming basket according to claim 5.
This aquaculture basket is a polygonal cone having a polygonal bottom net and a plurality of triangular side nets rising from the edges of the bottom net, and the opening is provided at the ridgeline where the adjacent side nets intersect. A shellfish farming basket characterized by being present.

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