JP2021067453A - Thrust grate for incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a thrust grate for an incinerator capable of representing a more complicated motion shape of a grate bar row with small tendency of failure and high reliability.SOLUTION: A plurality of grate bar rows are connected to a grate bar support via a first end portion, and a surface of a grate bar forms a thrust grate surface for conveying a combustible layer along a flow direction. The grate bars of the adjacent grate bar rows lie on top of one another in the form of roof tiles so that a second end portion of each grate bar is supported on the surface of the grate bar adjacent in the flow direction. A first drive motion can be introduced to some drive-type grate bars via drive means, and predetermined relative motion is obtained between the drive-type grate bar and a non-drive-type grate bar. The surfaces of some grate bars have non-planar surface profile portions, and second drive motion by the relative motion between the drive and non-drive type grate bars, can be introduced to the grate bar on which the second end portion is supported on the non-planar surface profile portion.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a thrust grate for an incinerator in a waste incinerator, which is described in the premise concept of claim 1.

This type of thrust grate (front-back moving grate) is used, for example, in a waste incineration facility where waste is incinerated as combustibles (fuel). Thrust grate often consists of individual grate bar rows, which are arranged one after the other in the direction of combustible flow, up and down like a roof tile. It overlaps. A plurality of grate bars in one grate bar row are supported on one grate bar support. Every other grate bar support is engaged with a drive unit that introduces a drive motion into the corresponding drive type grate bar row. The driven grate bar row is thereby moved relative to the non-driven grate bar row.

The movement of the driven grate bar train, on the one hand, results in the transport of combustibles added onto the thrust grate surface of the thrust grate through combustion, and on the other hand, the scraping of the combustible layer. At this time, the thrust grate surface is composed of the surfaces of individual grate bars. In a known thrust grate, a drive unit introduces an arcuate first drive motion into the grate bar support via a torsion shaft and torsion lever, thereby, for example, as described in Patent Document 1 below. In addition, in the grate bar supported by the driven grate bar support, the grate bar motion correspondingly depending on the motion can be obtained. Alternatively, a linear first drive motion via a link mechanism is also possible, and based on this, a linear grate bar motion of the grate bar supported by the drive-type grate bar support is obtained. Be done.

Further, Patent Document 2 below describes a thrust grate provided with a torsion shaft, and the shaft bearing is height-adjustable so that the grate bar row can be driven again in a linear drive direction. is there.

US 6,332,410 B1 DE 30 07 678 C2

In this case, it is disadvantageous that the torsion shaft or link mechanism is inevitably in the area of the lower blower along with ancillary mechanical elements such as bearings or guides, in which they are prone to failure. It will be. That is, if it is intended to achieve a more complex motion shape of the grate bar row as well as the grate bar via the grate bar support, it is additionally required within the lower vent. The mechanical drive elements become more prone to failure, which reduces the reliability of the combustion process.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a thrust grate that is less prone to failure and thus more reliable, yet capable of representing more complex motion shapes of grate bars.

The problem is solved by the thrust grate according to claim 1. Preferred further configurations are described in the subclaims.

Therefore, according to the present invention, in particular, in the thrust grate for incinerators listed at the beginning of the waste incineration facility, the surface of the grate bar of at least some grate bar rows has a non-planar surface contour portion. The grate bar, which is defined and thereby supports the second end on a non-planar surface contour, is the first by the relative motion between the grate bars of the driven and non-driven grate bar rows. Two-drive motion can be introduced.

Advantageously, it is possible to generate a complex grate bar motion of the grate bar of the thrust grate, in which case the complex grate bar motion is provided anyway. Achieved by the surface shape of. Therefore, it is not necessary to fit the conventional drive means in the lower blower, which does not further increase the failure tendency. At this time, those driving means bring about driving at least some, preferably every other grate bar row of the thrust grate, as before, in addition to the fire. A first drive motion can be introduced into the grid bar via a drive means, whereby the grate bar of the driven grate bar row and the grate bar of the non-driven grate bar row, i.e. driven. A predetermined relative motion is obtained with the grate bar of the grate bar row that is not driven via means. According to the present invention, the second drive motion introduced through the second end portion is superimposed on the first drive motion introduced into the grate bar via the first end portion.

From this, preferably, the following is obtained, i.e.
-The first grate bar motion of the grate bar of the driven grate bar row is the first drive motion induced through the first end and the second drive induced through the second end. Obtained from exercise and / or
-The second grate bar motion of the grate bar of the non-driven grate bar sequence is obtained from the second drive motion induced via the second end.

That is, depending on which grate bar has a non-planar surface contour, complex motion shapes can be generated in each grate bar row, and these motion shapes can transport the combustible layer and / or Stirring can be improved, and at this time, the failure tendency of the thrust grate does not increase.

Preferably, it is further defined that the non-planar surface contours of the grate bars of at least some grate bar rows have a curved shape (curve profile) extending in the flow direction. Thereby, advantageously, when the second end of each grate bar slides along the curve shape due to the relative movement between the grate bars based on gravity, the second drive motion follows a preset curve shape. Can be generated. Thereby, in order to enable the transport and agitation of the combustible layer according to the complicated movement course, the directional component in the flow direction and the directional component perpendicular to the flow direction, that is, upward, depending on the extension course of the curved shape. A grate bar motion with a directional component to is provided.

Preferably, further
-All grate bars, or-Grate bars with only driven grate bars, or-Grate bars with only non-driven grate bars, have a curved shape extending in the flow direction, and others It is stipulated that the grate bar is composed of, for example, a flat surface. This makes it possible to flexibly determine which grate bar sequence should perform a complex course of motion. Depending on the application, for example, it is stipulated that the second driving motion is introduced only in the non-driving grate bar train, and the driven grate bar row is actively driven by the driving means only by the first driving motion. can do. For that purpose, it is sufficient to provide a curved shape only in the driven grate bar row.

Preferably, it is further defined that the curved shape has at least one curved region having a predetermined fixed radius. Therefore, the surface of the grate bar is curved with a predetermined radius, and along the grate bar having the predetermined radius, each second end of the grate bar supported on the grate bar is continuously. Can slide. In particular, when there are a plurality of curved regions, it can be specified that adjacent curved regions have different radii. Thereby, for example, a predetermined periodic motion of the thrust grate surface can be achieved in response to a vertical motion or a relative motion between the grate bars.

Preferably, in addition to that, at least one curved region is concave or convex and curved at each radius, and / or curved portions having different adjacent curved regions in the curved shape, for example, convex curvature. It is stipulated that the portions and the concave curved portions are alternately provided. Thereby, it is possible to generate an appropriately preset complex movement process (vertical movement) in order to optimize the transportation and the stirring.

Preferably, further
-Each grate bar row, or-only a driven grate bar row, or-a grate bar with only a non-driven grate bar row is rotatably supported by each grate bar support. Is stipulated. It is possible to achieve complex motion processes depending on the form of introduction of both driving motions into each grate bar.

Preferably, it is further defined that the first driving motion extends in an arc shape (circular segment shape) or linearly. Therefore, it is possible to select a driving means in the lower blower that can easily transmit the first driving motion to the first end of the grate bar without a large failure tendency. For example, their drive means may have a torsion lever fixed to a torsion shaft, which connects a linear actuator, eg, a hydraulic cylinder, to a driven grate bar support. When operating the linear actuator, an arc-shaped first drive motion around the second rotation axis defined by the torsion shaft is provided. In a corresponding manner, linear motion can be transmitted from the linear actuator to the first end via a link mechanism, whereby the first end is similarly linearly moved.

Therefore, advantageously, the grate bar itself influences the linear or arcuate first drive motion towards a more complex motion via the second drive motion of the grate bar support. Complex motion shapes of grate bar trains or grate bars can also be achieved using prior art drive units that generate linear or arcuate motion. At this time, the shape of the grate bar according to the present invention does not cause a higher failure tendency than in the prior art, thereby eliminating the need for an additional drive mechanism that is potentially failure-prone.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

It is a figure which shows a part of the thrust grate at the retracted drive position as a cross-sectional view. It is a figure which shows a part of the thrust grate at the retracted drive position of FIG. 1 as a perspective view. It is a figure which shows a part of the thrust grate at the extended drive position as a cross-sectional view. It is a figure which shows a part of the thrust grate at the extended drive position of FIG. 3 as a perspective view. It is a figure which shows an example of the curved shape of a grate bar. It is a figure which shows an example of the curved shape of a grate bar.

As a cross-sectional view in FIG. 1 and as a perspective view in FIG. 2, a thrust grate 100 for an incinerator 101 in a waste incinerator is shown, and on the thrust grate 100, for example, from waste to be incinerated. Combustible layer 1 consisting of is added during the incineration process. The thrust grate 100 has a plurality of grate bar rows 2a and 2b arranged along the flow direction F, and each of these grate bar rows 2a and 2b has a lateral direction Q (relative to the flow direction F). It is composed of grate bars 3a and 3b located side by side at right angles to each other.

The grate bars 3a, 3b of the grate bar rows 2a, 2b are supported on the grate bar supports 5a, 5b via the first end portions 4a, 4b, whereby the grate bars 3a, 3b are supported. Can rotate around the first rotation axis D1 defined by the respective grate bar supports 5a, 5b. The grate bars 3a and 3b of the individual grate bar rows 2a and 2b are further overlapped vertically like a roof tile, that is, at this time, the second end portions 6a and 6b of the grate bars 3a and 3b are , It is supported on the surfaces 7a, 7b of the grate bars 3a, 3b adjacent to each other in the flow direction F by gravity. Therefore, the surfaces 7a and 7b of the individual grate rods 3a and 3b form an overall thrust grate surface 8, and the combustible layer 1 is conveyed, agitated and burned on the thrust grate surface 8. ..

According to this embodiment, every other grate bar support 5a (driven grate bar support) cooperates with the driving means 9 arranged in the lower blower portion 200 of the combustion furnace 101. The grate bar support 5b (non-driving grate bar support) located between them is a non-driving type. The first drive motion A1 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) is introduced into the driven grate bar supports 5a via the drive means 9, and thus the first in the grate bar 3a supported on them. It can also be introduced at the end 4a.

The first drive motion A1 can be formed in an arc shape (chain line representation in FIGS. 3 and 4), in which the drive means 9 is therefore at least two fixed to the torsion shaft 10. It has torsion levers 11a and 11b, and these torsion levers 11a and 11 connect a linear actuator 12, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, to a driven grate bar support 5a. Therefore, by operating the linear actuator 12, it is possible to generate an arc-shaped first drive motion A1 around the second rotation axis D2 defined by the torsion shaft 10, whereby the drive type around the second rotation axis D2 can be generated. The arc-shaped motion of the grate bar support 5a and the arc-shaped motion of the first end portion 4a of the grate bar 3a supported on the arc-shaped motion can be obtained.

However, basically, a linear first drive motion A1 (dotted line representation in FIGS. 3 and 4) is generated, and thus the linear motion of the driven grate bar support 5a, as well as being supported on it. A driving means 9 that causes a linear motion of the first end portion 4a of the grate bar 3a is also possible.

By the arc-shaped or linear first drive motion A1, the first grate bar motion Ba of the grate bar 3a supported by the drive type grate bar support 5a has already been obtained, and the first grate bar motion Ba has already been obtained. The motion Ba has a directional component both in the flow direction F and at right angles upward to the flow direction F (with respect to the flow direction F and with respect to the lateral direction Q), whereby the combustible layer 1 is conveyed along the flow direction F. At the same time, it can be agitated.

In order to optimize this, the surfaces 7a and 7b of the individual grate bars 3a and 3b have the second drive motion A2 via the second ends 6a and 6b of the grate bars 3a and 3b, respectively. It is formed so as to be introduced into the grate bars 3a and 3b of the above (see FIGS. 3 and 4). According to the illustrated embodiment, the second drive motion A2 also has a non-drive type grate on the grate bar 3a supported by the drive type grate bar support 5a, as described below. It is also introduced into the grate bar 3b supported by the bar support 5b.

The surfaces 7a and 7b of the grate bars 3a and 3b have non-linear surface contours 13a and 13b in the form of a curved shape (curve profile) K in cross section. As a result, the second end portions 6a, 6b of the second end portions 6a, 6b supported on the grate rods 3a, 6b, which are adjacent to each other in the flow direction F, are formed on the curved shape K. Depending on the position of, it is moved upward or downward, whereby the second driving motion A2 is obtained. Therefore, the second driving motion A2 introduced into the second end portions 6a and 6b of the grate bars 3a and 3b is particularly the second on the curved shape K of the grate bars 3a and 3b adjacent to each other in the flow direction F. It depends on the positions of the two ends 6a and 6b.

That is, in summary, for the grate bar 3a supported by the drive-type grate bar support 5a, the first grate bar motion Ba, which is a combination of the first drive motion A1 and the second drive motion A2. Is obtained. For the grate bar 3b supported by the non-driven grate bar support 5b, a second grate bar motion Bb that occurs only from the second drive motion A2 is obtained. At this time, the second driving motion A2 is determined by the curved shapes K of the surface contour portions 13a and 13b, respectively. At this time, the curved shape K is not stationary by itself, and it is a grate bar 3a. This is because the surfaces 7a and 7b of 3b move in the same manner based on the grate bar movements Ba and Bb, respectively. That is, the first drive motion A1 and / or the second drive motion A2 brings about complex grate bar motions Ba and Bb of the grate bars 3a and 3b, respectively. That is, the transport process and the scraping process are optimized by such a thrust grate 100.

An example of the curved shape K is shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b, and in FIG. 5a, a first radius R1 having a first radius R1 toward the first ends 4a and 4b of the grate bars 3a and 3b, respectively. A one-curve region K1 is obtained, and a second curve region K2 having a second radius R2 is obtained toward the second ends 6a and 6b. According to this embodiment, on the one hand, the first radius R1 is smaller than the second radius R2, on the other hand, the first curved region K1 is curved concavely and the second curved region K2 is curved convexly. ing.

However, it is also possible that each of the grate bars 3a, 3b is provided with only one curved region K1 that is curved in a convex or concave shape, or, for example, an S-shape or a wavy shape (FIG. More than two curved regions K1, K2, K3, K4 ... with different curves and / or different radii R1, R2, R3, R4, ... to form 5b). Can also be provided.

Further, the grate bar 3a supported by the driven grate bar support 5a has a curved shape K different from that of the grate bar 3b supported by the non-driven grate bar support 5b. Is also possible.

Basically, only every other grate bar row 2a, 2b (driven or non-driven) grate bars 3a, 3b has a curved shape K, and the other grate bars 3a, 3b are flat. It can also be specified that the surfaces 7a and 7b of the surface are provided. As a result, the portion of the second driving motion A2 generated from the curved shape K is introduced only into every other grate bar row 2a and 2b. Correspondingly, the support mechanisms of the grate bars 3a and 3b in the grate bar supports 5a and 5b are also driven only for every other grate bar rows 2a and 2b. It is possible that it is provided only for 2a.

As a result, as a whole, from the combination of both driving motions A1 and A2 via the first end portions 4a and 4b and the second end portions 6a and 6b of the grate bar 3a and 3b, the complex grate bar motion Ba, Bb can be achieved and there is no need to change the drive means 9 for it, or to position a larger drive means within the lower blower 200, so that failure propensity is due to this solution. It does not increase and its reliability remains maintained.

1 Combustible layer 2a Driven grate bar row 2b Non-driven grate bar row 3a Grate bar of driven grate bar support 5a 3b Grate bar of non-driven grate bar support 5b 4a, 4b 1st end of grate bar 3a, 3b 5a Driven grate bar support 5b Non-drive grate bar support 6a, 6b 2nd end of grate bar 3a, 3b 7a, 7b Surface of grate bar 3a, 3b 8 Thrust grate surface 9 Drive means 10 Torsion shaft 11a, 11b Torsion lever 12 Linear actuator 13a Surface contour of grate bar 3a 13b Surface contour of grate bar 3b 100 Thrust grate 101 Incinerator 200 Lower blower A1 1st drive movement A2 2nd drive movement Ba Grate bar movement of grate bar 3a Bb Grate bar movement of grate bar 3b D1 1st rotation axis D2 2nd rotation axis F Flow direction K Curve shape K1, K2, K3, K4 ... Curve area of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th ... Q Horizontal direction R1, R2, R3, R4 ... Radius of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th ...

Claims (11)

In particular, it is a thrust grate (100) for an incinerator (101) in a waste incineration facility.
A plurality of grate bar rows (2a, 2b) are provided, and each of these grate bar rows (2a, 2b) has one grate bar support (5a, 5b), and a plurality of grate bars (2a, 5b) are provided. 3a, 3b) are connected to the grate bar support (5a, 5b) via their first ends (4a, 4b).
The surfaces (7a, 7b) of the grate rods (3a, 3b) form a thrust grate surface (8) for transporting the combustible layer (1) along the flow direction (F).
In the grate bars (3a, 3b) of the adjacent grate bar rows (2a, 2b), the second ends (6a, 6b) of the grate bars (3a, 3b) are in the flow direction (F). It overlaps up and down like a roof tile so that it can be supported on the surface (7a, 7b) of the adjacent grate bars (3a, 3b).
At least some of the grate bar trains (2a, 2b) are driven grate bar rows (2a) via a drive means (9), and the grate bars of the drive grate bar row (2a). The first drive motion (A1) can be introduced into (3a) via the drive means (9), whereby the grate bars (3a) of the drive-type grate bar row (2a) and the grate bars (3a) are not driven. In the thrust grate in which a predetermined relative motion is obtained with the grate bar (3b) of the grate bar row (2b) of the equation.
The surfaces (7a, 7b) of the grate bars (3a, 3b) of at least some grate bar rows (2a, 2b) have non-planar surface contours (13a, 13b) thereby being non-planar. The grate rods (3a, 3b) in which the second end portion (6a, 6b) is supported on the surface contour portions (13a, 13b) of the above are the grate rod rows (2a, 2b) of the driven type and the non-driven type. The thrust grate (100), characterized in that the second drive motion (A2) can be introduced by the relative motion between the grate bars (3a, 3b). The first grate bar motion (Ba) of the grate bar (3a) of the driven grate bar row (2a) is the first drive motion (A1) induced via the first end (4a). , Consists of a second drive motion (A2) induced via the second end (6a), and / or
The second grate bar motion (Bb) of the grate bar (3b) of the non-driven grate bar row (2b) is induced via the second end (6b), the second drive motion (A2). The thrust grate (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that it is obtained from. The non-planar surface contours (13a, 13b) of the grate bars (3a, 3b) of at least some grate bar rows (2a, 2b) have a curved shape (K) extending in the flow direction (F). The thrust grate (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has. -All grate bars (2a, 2b), or-Only driven grate bars (2a), or-Only non-driven grate bars (2b) (3a, 3b) The thrust grate (100) according to claim 3, wherein the thrust grate (100) has a curved shape (K) extending in the flow direction (F). The third or fourth aspect of the present invention, wherein the curved shape (K) has at least one curved region (K1, K2, K3, K4) having a predetermined radius (R1, R2, R3, R4). Thrust grate (100). The thrust grate (100) according to claim 5, wherein adjacent curved regions (K1, K2, K3, K4) have different radii (R1, R2, R3, R4). At least one curved region (K1, K2, K3, K4) is curved in a concave or convex shape, and / or an adjacent curved region (K1, K2, K3, K4) in the curved shape (K) is The thrust grate (100) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that it has different curved portions. The item according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein every other grate bar row (2a) is a drive type grate bar row (2a) via a drive means (9). The thrust grate (100) described. -Each grate bar row (2a, 2b), or-only the driven grate bar row (2a), or-only the non-driven grate bar row (2), the grate bar (3a, 3b) The thrust grate (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the grate rod supports (5a, 5b) are rotatably supported. The thrust grate (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first driving motion (A1) extends in an arc shape or linearly. The drive means (9) has torsion levers (11, 11b) fixed to the torsion shaft (10), and these torsion levers (11a, 11b) use a linear actuator (12), for example, a hydraulic cylinder. , Connected to the drive type grate bar support (5a), and when operating the linear actuator (12), the first drive in the shape of an arc around the second rotation axis (D2) defined by the torsion shaft (10). The thrust grate (100) according to claim 10, characterized in that motion (A1) is brought about.

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