JP2021059985A - Hydraulic motor and hydraulic pump - Google Patents

Hydraulic motor and hydraulic pump Download PDF

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JP2021059985A
JP2021059985A JP2019183054A JP2019183054A JP2021059985A JP 2021059985 A JP2021059985 A JP 2021059985A JP 2019183054 A JP2019183054 A JP 2019183054A JP 2019183054 A JP2019183054 A JP 2019183054A JP 2021059985 A JP2021059985 A JP 2021059985A
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piston
cylinder
groove
hydraulic motor
pressure
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貴也 横田
Takaya Yokota
貴也 横田
学 小▲崎▼
Manabu Ozaki
学 小▲崎▼
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Nachi Fujikoshi Corp
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Nachi Fujikoshi Corp
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Priority to JP2019183054A priority Critical patent/JP2021059985A/en
Priority to CN202021507780.6U priority patent/CN212838169U/en
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Abstract

To easily improve lubricity between a piston which reciprocates in a cylinder and the cylinder to prevent seizure therebetween.SOLUTION: A circumferential shape groove part 23 is provided at an outer periphery part of a cylindrical surface of a piston 18 and a communication hole part 24 is provided so as to allow the groove part 23 and the inner side of the piston 18 to communicate with each other. A high pressure oil acting on a cylinder hole part 17 is guided from the inner side of the piston 18 to the groove part 23 through the communication hole part 24. The groove part 23 provided at the piston 18 is provided at a position such that the groove part 23 is placed near an opening of the cylinder hole part 17 when the piston 18 protrudes from the cylinder hole part 17 at a maximum.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、斜板式や斜軸式のアキシャルピストンタイプの油圧モータおよび油圧ポンプに関するもので、さらに詳細には当該油圧モータおよび油圧ポンプのピストンの構造に関する。 The present invention relates to a slanted plate type or slanted shaft type axial piston type hydraulic motor and hydraulic pump, and more particularly to the structure of the piston of the hydraulic motor and hydraulic pump.

従来、この種の油圧モータおよびポンプのピストンは、ピストン円筒面の外周部に浅い溝を円筒軸方向に複数条設け、浅い溝を介してピストン円筒面部に圧油を導くことで、ピストンと該ピストンが摺動する相手シリンダとの間に潤滑油膜を形成し易い構造にして、ピストンと相手シリンダとの焼き付きを防止し潤滑性を向上させている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。また、他の従来の技術としては、制御シリンダガイドの円筒面の外周部に浅い溝を螺旋状に設け、浅い溝を介して制御シリンダの開口端部近くまで圧油を導くことで、制御シリンダガイドの周囲に作用する圧力不均衡を軽減させ、制御シリンダの開口部と制御シリンダガイドとの接触圧を軽減する構造とすることで、制御シリンダガイドと相手制御シリンダの焼き付きを防止して潤滑性を向上させている(例えば、特許文献2参照。)。 Conventionally, the piston of this type of hydraulic motor and pump is provided with a plurality of shallow grooves in the cylindrical axial direction on the outer peripheral portion of the piston cylindrical surface, and pressure oil is guided to the piston cylindrical surface through the shallow grooves to guide the piston and the piston. A structure that facilitates the formation of a lubricating oil film between the piston and the mating cylinder on which the piston slides prevents seizure between the piston and the mating cylinder and improves lubricity (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Further, as another conventional technique, a shallow groove is spirally provided on the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical surface of the control cylinder guide, and the pressure oil is guided to the vicinity of the open end of the control cylinder through the shallow groove to guide the control cylinder. By reducing the pressure imbalance acting around the guide and reducing the contact pressure between the control cylinder opening and the control cylinder guide, seizure between the control cylinder guide and the mating control cylinder is prevented and lubricity is achieved. (See, for example, Patent Document 2).

特開平6−26447号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-26447 特開平7−217531号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-217531

しかしながら、特許文献1、2の技術では、ピストン円筒面の外周部の溝を介して圧油を導く構造となっており、流体力学の一般的なチョークの式(ハーゲンポアズイユの式)に示されるように、その溝を流れる流体の圧力は下流に行くほど降下する。そのため、シリンダ開口部とピストンの摺動部付近の圧力が低下し、低下した圧力での油膜形成となるため、圧油を導くことで焼き付き防止や潤滑性向上の効果は圧力が低下したぶんだけ低減する。 However, in the techniques of Patent Documents 1 and 2, the structure is such that the pressure oil is guided through the groove on the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical surface of the piston, which is shown in the general choke equation (Hagen-Poiseuille equation) of fluid dynamics. As such, the pressure of the fluid flowing through the groove decreases toward the downstream. Therefore, the pressure near the cylinder opening and the sliding part of the piston decreases, and an oil film is formed at the reduced pressure. Therefore, the effect of preventing seizure and improving lubricity by guiding the pressure oil is only due to the decrease in pressure. Reduce.

本発明は係る問題点を解決するためになされたもので、圧力低下による焼き付きや潤滑性能の低減が発生し難い油圧モータおよびポンプを提供することを課題とする。 The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic motor and a pump in which seizure and reduction of lubrication performance due to a pressure decrease are unlikely to occur.

前記課題を解決するため、本発明に係る油圧モータおよびポンプは、
ケーシングと、
前記ケーシング内にベアリングを介して支持される回転軸と、
前記回転軸に係合し、円周方向に間隔を置いて複数のシリンダを設けたシリンダブロックと、
前記シリンダ内にそれぞれ挿入され該シリンダ内を往復摺動するピストンと、を備えた油圧モータおよびポンプにおいて、
前記シリンダを摺動するピストンの外周部に円周状の溝部を設け、該溝部と前記ピストン内側とが連通するように1つ、又は複数の連通穴を設けたことを特徴する。
In order to solve the above problems, the hydraulic motor and the pump according to the present invention are
Casing and
A rotating shaft supported in the casing via a bearing,
A cylinder block that engages with the rotating shaft and is provided with a plurality of cylinders at intervals in the circumferential direction.
In a hydraulic motor and a pump, each of which is inserted into the cylinder and slides back and forth in the cylinder.
A circumferential groove is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the piston that slides the cylinder, and one or a plurality of communication holes are provided so that the groove and the inside of the piston communicate with each other.

本発明の油圧モータおよびポンプによれば、シリンダの開口部付近の圧力が低下することなく高圧の圧油を導くことが可能となり、圧力低下による焼き付きや潤滑性能の低減が発生し難い油圧モータおよびポンプを実現することができる。 According to the hydraulic motor and pump of the present invention, it is possible to guide high-pressure pressure oil without reducing the pressure near the opening of the cylinder, and the hydraulic motor and the hydraulic motor in which seizure and reduction of lubrication performance due to the pressure decrease are unlikely to occur. A pump can be realized.

本発明の一実施形態に係る油圧モータの略縦断面図である。It is a schematic vertical sectional view of the hydraulic motor which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 図1のピストン周辺の部分拡大図である。It is a partially enlarged view around the piston of FIG. 図2のピストン部分に作用する圧力分布状態の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the pressure distribution state acting on the piston part of FIG.

以下、本発明に係る油圧モータにつき、好適の実施形態を挙げ、添付図面を参照して詳細に説明する。図1は、本発明の一の実施形態に係る油圧モータ10の断面図を示す。図1に示すように、ケーシング本体11には、回転軸となるシャフト12がベアリング13とベアリング14を介して回転自在に支持されている。 Hereinafter, the hydraulic motor according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings with reference to suitable embodiments. FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a hydraulic motor 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a shaft 12 serving as a rotation shaft is rotatably supported on the casing main body 11 via bearings 13 and 14.

シャフト12の外周には、スプライン部15を介してシリンダブロック16が嵌合されている。シリンダブロック16には、回転軸に対して円周方向に等間隔に複数のシリンダ穴部17が形成されており、シリンダ穴部17には、ピストン18が回転軸方向に摺動自在に嵌合されている。ピストン18には、シュー19が回転自在に嵌合されており、シュー19の端面部20は、シャフト12の回転軸に対して傾斜した斜板21の平滑面部22に接触している。係る構造により、油圧モータ10では、シリンダ穴部17に圧油が供給されると、ピストン18がシリンダ穴部17から飛び出しながらシャフト12の軸回りに回転し、シリンダブロック16、及びシャフト12が回転する。 A cylinder block 16 is fitted on the outer periphery of the shaft 12 via a spline portion 15. A plurality of cylinder holes 17 are formed in the cylinder block 16 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction with respect to the rotation axis, and the piston 18 is slidably fitted in the cylinder holes 17 in the rotation axis direction. Has been done. The shoe 19 is rotatably fitted to the piston 18, and the end surface portion 20 of the shoe 19 is in contact with the smooth surface portion 22 of the swash plate 21 that is inclined with respect to the rotation axis of the shaft 12. With this structure, in the hydraulic motor 10, when pressure oil is supplied to the cylinder hole portion 17, the piston 18 rotates around the axis of the shaft 12 while protruding from the cylinder hole portion 17, and the cylinder block 16 and the shaft 12 rotate. To do.

図2は、図1のピストン18周辺の部分拡大図を示す。図3は、図2のピストン18部分に作用する圧力分布状態の説明図を示す。図2、図3に示すように、ピストン18の円筒面の外周部の円周上に溝部23を設け、溝部23とピストン18の内側とを連通するように連通穴部24を設け、シリンダ穴部17に作用した高圧の圧油を前記ピストン18の内側から連通穴部24を介して溝部23に導くことが可能な構造となる。ピストン18に設けた溝部23は、ピストン18がシリンダ穴部17から最も飛び出したときにシリンダ穴部17の開口部の付近となるような位置に設けられている。 FIG. 2 shows a partially enlarged view of the vicinity of the piston 18 of FIG. FIG. 3 shows an explanatory diagram of a pressure distribution state acting on the piston 18 portion of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a groove 23 is provided on the circumference of the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical surface of the piston 18, a communication hole 24 is provided so as to communicate the groove 23 and the inside of the piston 18, and a cylinder hole is provided. The structure is such that the high-pressure pressure oil acting on the portion 17 can be guided from the inside of the piston 18 to the groove portion 23 via the communication hole portion 24. The groove portion 23 provided in the piston 18 is provided at a position so as to be near the opening of the cylinder hole portion 17 when the piston 18 protrudes most from the cylinder hole portion 17.

係る構造により、ピストン18の円筒面の外周部に作用する圧力分布(図3の直線の矢印で表示)は、シリンダ穴部17に作用した高圧の圧油がピストン18のシリンダ穴部17側の端面から溝部23まで供給された高圧と同圧の分布になり、且つシリンダ穴部17の開口部付近まで高圧が供給される。したがって、本実施形態に係る油圧モータ10によれば、シリンダ穴部17の開口部付近に高圧の圧油を導くことが可能となり、圧力低下によるピストン18とシリンダブロック16との焼き付きや潤滑性能の低減が発生し難い油圧モータを提供することができる。 With this structure, the pressure distribution acting on the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical surface of the piston 18 (indicated by the straight arrow in FIG. 3) is such that the high-pressure pressure oil acting on the cylinder hole portion 17 is on the cylinder hole portion 17 side of the piston 18. The pressure distribution is the same as the high pressure supplied from the end face to the groove 23, and the high pressure is supplied to the vicinity of the opening of the cylinder hole 17. Therefore, according to the hydraulic motor 10 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to guide high-pressure pressure oil to the vicinity of the opening of the cylinder hole portion 17, and the seizure and lubrication performance between the piston 18 and the cylinder block 16 due to the pressure drop can be improved. It is possible to provide a hydraulic motor in which reduction is unlikely to occur.

以上の実施形態では油圧モータについて説明したが、油圧ポンプにおいて、ピストンの円筒面の外周部の円周上に溝部を設け、前記溝部と前記ピストンの内側とを連通するように連通穴部を設け、シリンダ穴部に作用した高圧の圧油を前記ピントンの内側から連通穴部を介して前記溝部に導くことが可能な構造としてもよい。 Although the hydraulic motor has been described in the above embodiment, in the hydraulic pump, a groove portion is provided on the circumference of the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical surface of the piston, and a communication hole portion is provided so as to communicate the groove portion and the inside of the piston. The structure may be such that the high-pressure pressure oil acting on the cylinder hole can be guided from the inside of the pinton to the groove through the communication hole.

10 油圧モータ 11 ケーシング本体
12 シャフト 13 ベアリング
14 ベアリング 15 スプライン部
16 シリンダブロック 17 シリンダ穴部
18 ピストン 19 シュー
20 シューの端面部 21 斜板
22 斜板の平滑面部 23 溝部
24 連通穴部
10 Hydraulic motor 11 Casing body 12 Shaft 13 Bearing 14 Bearing 15 Spline part 16 Cylinder block 17 Cylinder hole part 18 Piston 19 Shoe 20 Shoe end face part 21 Swash plate 22 Swash plate smooth surface part 23 Groove part 24 Communication hole part

Claims (2)

ケーシング本体と、
前記ケーシング本体内にベアリングを介して支持されるシャフトと、
前記シャフトに係合し、円周方向に間隔を置いて複数のシリンダを設けたシリンダブロックと、
前記シリンダ内にそれぞれ挿入され該シリンダ内を往復摺動するピストンと、を備えた油圧モータにおいて、
前記シリンダを摺動するピストンの外周部に円周状の溝部を設け、該溝部と該ピストンの内側とが連通するように1つ、又は複数の連通穴を設けたことを特徴する油圧モータ。
Casing body and
A shaft supported via a bearing in the casing body,
A cylinder block that engages with the shaft and is provided with a plurality of cylinders at intervals in the circumferential direction.
In a hydraulic motor provided with a piston that is inserted into the cylinder and slides back and forth in the cylinder.
A hydraulic motor characterized in that a circumferential groove is provided on the outer peripheral portion of a piston that slides on the cylinder, and one or a plurality of communication holes are provided so that the groove and the inside of the piston communicate with each other.
ケーシング本体と、
前記ケーシング本体内にベアリングを介して支持されるシャフトと、
前記シャフトに係合し、円周方向に間隔を置いて複数のシリンダを設けたシリンダブロックと、
前記シリンダ内にそれぞれ挿入され該シリンダ内を往復摺動するピストンと、を備えた油圧ポンプにおいて、
前記シリンダを摺動するピストンの外周部に円周状の溝部を設け、該溝部と該ピストンの内側とが連通するように1つ、又は複数の連通穴を設けたことを特徴する油圧ポンプ。
Casing body and
A shaft supported via a bearing in the casing body,
A cylinder block that engages with the shaft and is provided with a plurality of cylinders at intervals in the circumferential direction.
In a hydraulic pump provided with a piston that is inserted into the cylinder and slides back and forth in the cylinder.
A hydraulic pump characterized in that a circumferential groove is provided on the outer peripheral portion of a piston that slides on the cylinder, and one or a plurality of communication holes are provided so that the groove and the inside of the piston communicate with each other.
JP2019183054A 2019-10-03 2019-10-03 Hydraulic motor and hydraulic pump Pending JP2021059985A (en)

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JP2019183054A JP2021059985A (en) 2019-10-03 2019-10-03 Hydraulic motor and hydraulic pump
CN202021507780.6U CN212838169U (en) 2019-10-03 2020-07-27 Hydraulic motor and hydraulic pump

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JP2019183054A JP2021059985A (en) 2019-10-03 2019-10-03 Hydraulic motor and hydraulic pump

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6087376U (en) * 1983-11-22 1985-06-15 カヤバ工業株式会社 plunger pump or motor
FR3070731A1 (en) * 2017-09-05 2019-03-08 Vianney Rabhi HYDRAULIC PISTON WITH COOLING VALVE AND LUBRICATION

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6087376U (en) * 1983-11-22 1985-06-15 カヤバ工業株式会社 plunger pump or motor
FR3070731A1 (en) * 2017-09-05 2019-03-08 Vianney Rabhi HYDRAULIC PISTON WITH COOLING VALVE AND LUBRICATION

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