JP2021058993A - Honing processing machine, and processing method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a honing processing machine capable of improving process tolerance by suppressing positively inclination of a honing tool.SOLUTION: A fluctuating load in a circumferential direction applied to a honing tool 5 when grinding a workpiece in the state where a lower end part 5a of the honing tool 5 is connected rotatably in a body to a first bearing 11, and a deformation volume of the honing tool 5 are measured and stored, and when grinding the workpiece based on the stored measurement data, an expansion member 13 is expanded and contracted so that the honing tool 5 is inclined to the opposite direction to an inclination direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention has a rotary spindle that can reciprocate in the axial direction of the inner diameter surface of the hole to be machined and can rotate around the axis, and is detachably attached to the tip of the rotary spindle so that it can protrude and retract in the radial direction. The present invention relates to a honing machine equipped with a honing tool having a honing grindstone, and a processing method using the honing machine.

Conventionally, the outer diameter of the honing tool used in this type of honing machine is extremely small compared to its length, and has a structure that is extremely flexible. If the honing grindstone is twisted and bent starting from this twist, the processing accuracy will be poor.

Therefore, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, a workpiece on a plate body rotatably supported by a casing on a substrate in a state where the lower end of the honing tool is rotatably supported by a guide bearing provided on the substrate. It is known to grind through holes in.

Further, Patent Document 2 describes the inclination of the honing tool, but the inclination is allowed by the floating support machine.

JP-A-59-30662 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-276223 (particularly paragraph 0024)

However, even if a floating support machine as in Patent Document 2 is used, the inclination of the honing tool itself cannot be sufficiently eliminated, so that there is a problem that the processing accuracy that can be achieved is limited.

The present invention has been made in view of this point, and an object of the present invention is to improve machining accuracy by positively suppressing the inclination of the honing tool.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an anti-twist device that rotatably holds the lower end of the honing tool.

Specifically, in the first invention, a rotary spindle that can reciprocate in the axial direction of the inner diameter surface of the hole to be machined and can rotate around the axis, and a rotary spindle.
A honing tool that is detachably attached to the tip of the rotating spindle and has a honing grindstone that can protrude and retract in the radial direction.
The target is a honing machine provided with an anti-twist device that rotatably holds the lower end of the honing tool.

And the above-mentioned anti-twist device
A first bearing that rotatably holds the lower end of the honing tool with the first inner ring,
A second bearing, which is arranged below the first bearing and in which the second inner ring rotates together with the first inner ring of the first bearing,
A rotating member having a plurality of expandable and contractible members which are rotationally and integrally held by the second inner ring of the second bearing and whose upper end is connected to the first inner ring of the first bearing.
A jig body for fixing the first outer ring of the first bearing and the second outer ring of the second bearing and accommodating the rotating member is provided.
It is provided with a control unit that controls the honing tool to be tilted by expanding and contracting the plurality of the telescopic members according to a fluctuating circumferential load applied to the honing tool.

According to the above configuration, since the honing tool is rotatably supported by the first bearing, the rotation of the honing tool is stabilized without hindering the rotation of the honing tool. Further, in the control unit, the honing tool is expanded and contracted according to the fluctuating circumferential load applied to the honing tool, which is possessed by the rotating member provided in the second bearing that rotates with the first bearing. Since it is controlled to tilt intentionally, it is possible to positively prevent the tilting of the honing tool.

In the second invention, in addition to the constitution of the first invention,
The twist prevention device is
A power meter that measures the machining load applied to the above honing tool,
It has a deformation amount measuring unit that measures the deformation amount of the honing tool.
The control unit calculates the timing of expanding and contracting the plurality of expansion and contraction members based on the values of the power meter and the deformation amount measuring unit when grinding with the honing tool, and based on the calculated values, the expansion and contraction member. It is equipped with three mechanisms: an accurate fluctuation force extraction processing device, an arithmetic processing device that enables correction, and a correction device that performs correction accurately and quickly so as to control expansion and contraction.

According to the above configuration, by actually measuring the machining load and the amount of deformation that occur when grinding with the honing tool, the tendency of the inclination of each machining position of the honing tool is learned, and the inclination and the inclination are found during actual grinding. By applying a force to tilt the honing tool in the opposite direction through the first bearing, the tilt of the honing tool is minimized.

In the third invention, in addition to the first invention,
At the lower end of the honing tool, a ridge extending vertically and protruding outward in the radial direction is provided.
The first inner ring is provided with a mechanism for maintaining and synchronizing the phase by forming an engaging groove into which the ridge is fitted.

According to the above configuration, it is possible to maintain accurate phase and synchronize. As a result, the force from the first inner ring is reliably transmitted to the lower end of the honing tool.

In the fourth invention, a rotary spindle that can reciprocate in the axial direction and can rotate around the axis of the inner diameter surface of the hole to be machined of the work and a rotary spindle that can be detachably attached to the tip of the rotary spindle, and protrude and retract in the radial direction In a machining method using a honing machine equipped with a honing tool having a honing grindstone that can be inserted and an anti-twist device that rotatably holds the lower end portion of the honing tool.
For the above twist prevention device,
A first bearing that rotatably holds the lower end of the honing tool with the first inner ring,
A second bearing, which is arranged below the first bearing and in which the second inner ring rotates together with the first inner ring of the first bearing,
A rotating member having a plurality of expandable and contractible members which are rotationally and integrally held by the second inner ring of the second bearing and whose upper end is connected to the first inner ring of the first bearing.
A preparatory step of fixing the first outer ring of the first bearing and the second outer ring of the second bearing and providing a jig main body for accommodating the rotating member.
An actual measurement step of actually measuring and storing the load applied to the honing tool and the amount of deformation of the honing tool when the workpiece is ground while the lower end of the honing tool is rotationally and integrally connected to the first bearing.
Based on the actual measurement data stored in the actual measurement step, when grinding the work, the expansion / contraction member control step of expanding / contracting the expansion / contraction member so that the honing tool tilts in the direction opposite to the tilting direction under load. Including
The configuration is such that the actual measurement process and the expansion / contraction member control process are fused.

According to the above configuration, since the honing tool is rotatably supported by the first bearing, the rotation of the honing tool is stabilized without hindering the rotation of the honing tool. Further, based on the actually measured data, a plurality of telescopic members provided in the second bearing that rotates with the first bearing are expanded and contracted according to the fluctuating circumferential load applied to the honing tool, and honing. Since the tool is intentionally controlled to be tilted in the opposite direction, the tilting of the honing tool can be positively prevented.

As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of telescopic members are expanded and contracted according to a fluctuating circumferential load applied to the honing tool, and the honing tool is moved to the side opposite to the direction in which the honing tool tends to tilt. Since the tilt is controlled so as to be tilted, the machining accuracy can be improved by positively suppressing the tilt of the honing tool.

It is sectional drawing which shows the honing tool and the anti-twist device which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the outline of the honing processing machine which includes the honing tool and the anti-twist device which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the honing tool, the jig main body and its periphery before inserting the honing tool which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the supporting member, the telescopic member and the periphery thereof which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The load applied to the grindstone of the honing tool during machining is shown, (a) is a plan view, and (b) is a front view. A fluctuating circumferential load applied to the honing tool during machining is shown, (a) is a plan view, and (b) is a front view. In the plan view which shows how the honing tool is deformed during processing, (a) shows the upper side of the honing tool, and (b) shows the lower side.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2A shows a honing machine 1 (not shown as a whole) according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the honing machine 1 can reciprocate in the axial direction of the inner diameter surface of the hole 50a to be machined and has an axis. It is provided with a rotating spindle 2 that can rotate around it. The rotary spindle 2 is driven by a drive motor 3 such as an electric motor. The entire honing machine 1 such as the drive motor 3 is configured to be controlled by the control unit 4.

A honing tool 5 having a honing grindstone 6 capable of projecting and retracting in the radial direction is detachably attached to the tip (lower end) of the rotating spindle 2. In the present embodiment, for example, the honing tool 5 having a length longer than the outer diameter for machining the hole 50a to be machined having an inner diameter of about 20 mm will be described. The honing tool 5 has a higher responsiveness when the rigidity is lowered to some extent, and its inclination control becomes easier. As shown in FIG. 1, the lower end portion 5a of the honing tool 5 extends downward from the honing grindstone 6, and for example, on the side opposite to the honing grindstone 6 in the radial direction, the lower end portion 5a projects radially outwardly extending vertically. A ridge 5b is provided.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2B and 3, the lower end portion 5a of the honing tool 5 is rotatably held by the twist prevention device 10. Specifically, the twist prevention device 10 is arranged below the first bearing 11 that rotatably holds the lower end portion 5a of the honing tool 5 by the first inner ring 11a, and the first bearing 11. A second bearing 12 around which the second inner ring 12a rotates is provided together with the first inner ring 11a of the above. The first inner ring 11a is formed with an engaging groove 11c into which the ridge 5b is fitted.

The twist prevention device 10 is rotationally and integrally held by the second inner ring 12a of the second bearing 12, and a plurality of expandable and contractible devices whose upper ends (rod portions 13a) are connected to the first inner ring 11a of the first bearing 11. A rotating member 14 having the telescopic member 13 and a jig body 15 for fixing the first outer ring 11b of the first bearing 11 and the second outer ring 12b of the second bearing 12 and accommodating the rotating member 14 are provided. .. In the present embodiment, the first bearing 11 and the second bearing 12 show an example of ball bearings, but the type of bearing is not particularly limited. In particular, in the first bearing 11, the first inner ring 11a is the first outer ring. It is necessary to have a configuration that allows a certain degree of inclination with respect to 11b. The jig body 15 is fixed to the base of the honing machine 1 or the like by screws 15a or the like.

The control unit 4 is configured to expand and contract the plurality of telescopic members 13 according to a fluctuating circumferential load applied to the honing tool 5 and control the honing tool 5 to be tilted. Specifically, the telescopic member 13 is composed of, for example, three air cylinders, each of which is connected to the control valve 16 shown in FIG. 2A via a pipe 13b. Each of the telescopic members 13 is expanded and contracted according to the situation of the honing grindstone 6 by the control unit 4 issuing an instruction to the control valve 16. The telescopic member 13 may be a hydraulic cylinder instead of an air cylinder. In the present embodiment, the rod portion 13a of the telescopic member 13 is connected to the first inner ring 11a in a state of being in contact with the first inner ring 11a and pushing up the first inner ring 11a, but is connected to the first inner ring 11a. Therefore, the first inner ring 11a may be configured to be pulled down.

Then, as shown in FIG. 2A, the twist prevention device 10 includes a power meter 17 for measuring the machining load applied to the honing tool 5 and a honing tool 5 as a fluctuation force extraction processing device for accurately extracting the fluctuating force. It has a deformation amount measuring unit 18 for measuring the deformation amount. Specifically, the power meter 17 is, for example, a cutting power meter, and detects the cutting power by detecting the torque of the drive motor 3 or the like. The deformation amount measuring unit 18 only needs to be able to measure the deformation amount of the honing tool 5. For example, the deformation amount measuring unit 18 measures the actual deformation amount using a known displacement meter.

Then, the control unit 4 as an arithmetic processing unit has a plurality of expansion / contraction members 13 based on the values of the power meter 17 and the deformation amount measuring unit 18 when actually grinding the work hole 50a of the work 50 with the honing tool 5. Calculate the timing to expand and contract. Further, the control unit 4 as a correction device is configured to control the control valve 16 based on the calculated value to control the expansion and contraction of the expansion and contraction member 13.

-How to control the honing machine-
Next, a control method of the honing machine 1 according to the present embodiment will be described.

First, the honing processing machine 1 is prepared in the preparation process.

Next, in the actual measurement process, the load applied to the honing tool 5 in the circumferential direction when the work 50 is ground in a state where the lower end portion 5a of the honing tool 5 is rotationally and integrally connected to the first bearing 11 and the honing tool 5 The amount of deformation of is actually measured and stored. Specifically, from the state shown in FIG. 1, the honing tool 5 is inserted into the machined hole 50a of the work 50 and moved downward, and as shown in FIG. 2A, the lower end portion 5a thereof is advanced to the first bearing 11. , The ridges 5b extending vertically are inserted into the engaging groove 11c of the first inner ring 11a in a rotationally integrated manner. At this time, when the honing tool 5 bends, the first inner ring 11a is tilted with respect to the first outer ring 11b. Next, the telescopic member 13 is left in a free state, and the control unit 4 actually measures the measured values of the power meter 17 and the deformation amount measuring unit 18 while grinding the workpiece hole 50a of the work according to the normal grinding process. Remember. For the rigidity of the honing tool 5, the value actually measured by the deformation amount measuring unit 18 is used. As a response of the honing tool 5, the time from when the load is applied to the deformation is also measured at the same time. As a result, the acceleration / deceleration time constant that the honing tool 5 can respond to is set. Formulation processing is performed from the acquired value of the machining load in three directions to the resultant force position.

Here, the fluctuating circumferential load applied to the honing grindstone 6 and the honing tool 5 will be described. The honing tool 5 grinds the inner surface of the hole 50a to be machined while rotating around the rotating spindle 2 with the honing grindstone 6 protruding outward in the radial direction.

At this time, grinding is performed while the honing grindstone 6 moves in the vertical direction or in the circumferential direction with respect to the hole 50a to be machined. As shown in FIG. 4, the honing wheel 6 generates a force F1 generated by the rotation of the honing tool 5, a force F2 generated by cutting, and a force F3 generated by feeding.

Then, as a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the honing tool 5 receives resistance as these resultant forces. On the tip side of the honing grindstone 6, a resultant force F4 tilted upward due to feed and rotation is generated. In addition, a force is also generated toward the axis of the honing tool 5 due to the notch. Due to these resultant forces, an upward force opposite to the rotation direction and a force toward the axis are generated at the lower end portion 5a of the honing tool 5, and the honing tool 5 receives this force and deforms diagonally backward and upward. Will come.

The deformed states of the honing tool 5 on the upper side and the lower side of the honing tool 5 are shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), respectively. The honing tool 5 causes the honing tool 5 to tilt slightly differently at each position due to the difference between the vertical feed (stroke) and the positional power of the honing grindstone 6. However, in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), the directions of displacement are opposite between B at the time of the upper stroke and A at the time of the lower stroke. These deformations tend to change as the stroke speed decelerates, stops, and accelerates when they reach the top and bottom.

Next, in the expansion / contraction member control process, when grinding the work 50 based on the actual measurement data stored in the actual measurement process, the honing tool 5 is expanded and contracted so as to be forcibly tilted to the opposite side to the tilting direction under the load. The member 13 is expanded and contracted. Therefore, the deformation of the honing tool 5 can be suppressed by applying the reverse force for suppressing the deformation of the honing tool 5 to the honing tool 5 while changing it according to the stroke speed. Specifically, a load is applied to the honing tool 5 by applying a load to the three telescopic members 13 from the force and position determined in the actual measurement process. The lower the rigidity of the honing tool 5, the higher the responsiveness and the easier the control. When the speed of the stroke and the direction of the stroke change, the load is changed according to the speed, and the load position is changed according to the direction of the stroke. Since the ridge 5b is fitted into the engaging groove 11c, the force from the first inner ring 11a is surely transmitted to the lower end portion 5a of the honing tool 5.

As described above, in the present embodiment, since the honing tool 5 is rotatably supported by the first bearing 11, the rotation of the honing tool 5 is stabilized without hindering the rotation of the honing tool 5. Further, based on the actually measured data, the plurality of telescopic members 13 are expanded and contracted according to the fluctuating circumferential load applied to the honing tool 5, and the honing tool 5 is controlled to be intentionally tilted in the opposite direction. The tilt of the tool 5 can be positively prevented.

In the present embodiment, by actually measuring the machining load and the amount of deformation actually generated when grinding with the honing tool 5, the tendency of the inclination of each machining position of the honing tool 5 is learned, and the inclination is learned at the time of actual grinding. By applying a force so as to tilt the honing tool 5 through the first bearing 11 in the opposite direction to the above, the tilt of the honing tool 5 is minimized.

Therefore, according to the honing machine 1 according to the present embodiment, the machining accuracy can be improved by positively suppressing the inclination of the honing tool 5.

It should be noted that the above embodiments are essentially preferable examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, its applications and applications.

For example, in the above embodiment, three telescopic members 13 are provided, but four or more may be provided.

1 Honing machine
2 rotary spindle
3 drive motor
4 Control unit (arithmetic processing device, correction device)
5 Honing tool
5a lower end
6 Honing whetstone
10 Prevention device
11 1st bearing
11a 1st inner ring
11b 1st outer ring
11c Engagement groove
12 2nd bearing
12a 2nd inner ring
12b 2nd outer ring
13 Telescopic member
13a rod part
13b piping
14 Carrying member
15 Jig body
16 Control valve
17 Power meter (variable force extraction processing device)
18 Deformation amount measuring unit (variable force extraction processing device)
50 work
50a Hole to be machined

Claims (4)

A rotating spindle that can reciprocate in the axial direction of the inner diameter surface of the hole to be machined and can rotate around the axis,
A honing tool that is detachably attached to the tip of the rotating spindle and has a honing grindstone that can protrude and retract in the radial direction.
A honing machine provided with an anti-twist device that rotatably holds the lower end of the honing tool.
The twist prevention device is
A first bearing that rotatably holds the lower end of the honing tool with the first inner ring,
A second bearing, which is arranged below the first bearing and in which the second inner ring rotates together with the first inner ring of the first bearing,
A rotating member having a plurality of expandable and contractible members which are rotationally and integrally held by the second inner ring of the second bearing and whose upper end is connected to the first inner ring of the first bearing.
A jig body for fixing the first outer ring of the first bearing and the second outer ring of the second bearing and accommodating the rotating member is provided.
A honing machine comprising a control unit that expands and contracts a plurality of the above-mentioned telescopic members in accordance with a fluctuating circumferential load applied to the honing tool and controls the honing tool to be tilted. A rotating spindle that can reciprocate in the axial direction of the inner diameter surface of the hole to be machined and can rotate around the axis,
A honing tool that is detachably attached to the tip of the rotating spindle and has a honing grindstone that can protrude and retract in the radial direction.
A honing machine provided with an anti-twist device that rotatably holds the lower end of the honing tool.
The twist prevention device is
A first bearing that rotatably holds the lower end of the honing tool with the first inner ring,
A second bearing, which is arranged below the first bearing and in which the second inner ring rotates together with the first inner ring of the first bearing,
A rotating member having a plurality of expandable and contractible members which are rotationally and integrally held by the second inner ring of the second bearing and whose upper end is connected to the first inner ring of the first bearing.
A jig body for fixing the first outer ring of the first bearing and the second outer ring of the second bearing and accommodating the rotating member is provided.
It is provided with a control unit that expands and contracts a plurality of the above-mentioned telescopic members according to a fluctuating circumferential load applied to the honing tool and controls the honing tool to be tilted.
The twist prevention device is
A power meter that measures the machining load applied to the above honing tool,
It has a deformation amount measuring unit that measures the deformation amount of the honing tool.
The control unit calculates the timing of expanding and contracting the plurality of expansion and contraction members based on the values of the power meter and the deformation amount measuring unit when grinding with the honing tool, and based on the calculated values, the expansion and contraction member. Honing processing is characterized by being equipped with three mechanisms: an accurate fluctuation force extraction processing device, a calculation processing device capable of correction, and a correction device for performing correction accurately and quickly so as to control expansion and contraction. Machine. A rotating spindle that can reciprocate in the axial direction of the inner diameter surface of the hole to be machined and can rotate around the axis,
A honing tool that is detachably attached to the tip of the rotating spindle and has a honing grindstone that can protrude and retract in the radial direction.
A honing machine provided with an anti-twist device that rotatably holds the lower end of the honing tool.
The twist prevention device is
A first bearing that rotatably holds the lower end of the honing tool with the first inner ring,
A second bearing, which is arranged below the first bearing and in which the second inner ring rotates together with the first inner ring of the first bearing,
A rotating member having a plurality of expandable and contractible members which are rotationally and integrally held by the second inner ring of the second bearing and whose upper end is connected to the first inner ring of the first bearing.
A jig body for fixing the first outer ring of the first bearing and the second outer ring of the second bearing and accommodating the rotating member is provided.
It is provided with a control unit that expands and contracts a plurality of the above-mentioned telescopic members according to a fluctuating circumferential load applied to the honing tool and controls the honing tool to be tilted.
At the lower end of the honing tool, a ridge extending vertically and protruding outward in the radial direction is provided.
A honing machine characterized in that the first inner ring is provided with a mechanism for maintaining and synchronizing the phase by forming an engaging groove into which the ridge is fitted. A rotating spindle that can reciprocate in the axial direction of the inner diameter surface of the work hole to be machined and that can rotate around the axis, and a honing grindstone that is detachably attached to the tip of the rotating spindle and can protrude and retract in the radial direction. In a machining method using a honing machine equipped with a honing tool having a honing tool and an anti-twist device that rotatably holds the lower end portion of the honing tool.
For the above twist prevention device,
A first bearing that rotatably holds the lower end of the honing tool with the first inner ring,
A second bearing, which is arranged below the first bearing and in which the second inner ring rotates together with the first inner ring of the first bearing,
A rotating member having a plurality of expandable and contractible members which are rotationally and integrally held by the second inner ring of the second bearing and whose upper end is connected to the first inner ring of the first bearing.
A preparatory step of fixing the first outer ring of the first bearing and the second outer ring of the second bearing and providing a jig main body for accommodating the rotating member.
An actual measurement step of actually measuring and storing the load applied to the honing tool and the amount of deformation of the honing tool when the workpiece is ground while the lower end of the honing tool is rotationally and integrally connected to the first bearing.
Based on the actual measurement data stored in the actual measurement step, when grinding the work, the expansion / contraction member control step of expanding / contracting the expansion / contraction member so that the honing tool tilts in the direction opposite to the tilting direction under load. Including
A processing method using a honing processing machine, which comprises fusing the actual measurement process and the expansion / contraction member control process.

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