JP2008183655A - Honing method, honing stick infeed device of honing machine and honing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a honing technique which shortens machining cycle time and can control an accurate infeed of a honing stick irrespective of size of a machining load in the honing of a forced infeed (quantitative) machining system. <P>SOLUTION: In the honing of the forced infeed (quantitative) machining system, a force detecting sensor 31 is provided at the place having no influence of noise generated by the movement of a honing tool 1, a thrust in the axial direction of the honing tool 1 is measured with the force detecting sensor 31, and the infeed amount of the honing stick 10 is controlled according to the thrust to be measured. The machining cycle time can be shortened thereby and the accurate infeed of the honing stick can be controlled irrespective of the size of the machining load. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a honing method, a honing wheel cutting device, and a honing machine, and more particularly, a honing wheel is actively cut with a mechanically constant cutting amount with respect to an inner peripheral surface of a workpiece. The present invention relates to honing processing technology that performs honing processing.

  Honing is one of the processing methods for finishing the inner peripheral surface of a workpiece (hereinafter referred to as a workpiece) into a mirror surface. In this honing process, the honing grindstone and the workpiece are relatively floated, and the honing grindstone is rotated and reciprocated. Finish.

  In the old honing process, the honing grindstone is pressed against the work with a constant pressure (spring elastic force), and the work's inner surface is scraped off little by little. Various honing machines that perform honing by forced cutting have been developed and are now mainstream.

  This type of honing machine includes a constant pressure machining method in which a honing grindstone is cut with a constant applied pressure by a hydraulic drive means or the like, and a forced cut (in which a honing grindstone is cut with a constant cut amount by a mechanical drive means ( There are some types of machining method, but in any type of honing machine, the grinding process is skipped from the pre-machining by drilling machine or boring machine, so it moves to honing process. In addition, it is possible to adopt a machining method that combines honing and honing, enabling efficient and precise finishing.

  By the way, in the honing process of the forced cutting (quantitative) machining method, as described above, the honing grindstone is continuously driven by a mechanical drive means with a constant cutting amount from the beginning of the cutting process to the end of machining (constant cutting). However, until the honing grindstone hits the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece, it does not contribute to the honing process at all.

  In order to shorten the machining cycle time of the honing process, it is effective to shorten the state that does not contribute to the honing process as much as possible. In order to realize this, it is necessary to determine the boundary with the subsequent honing process, that is, the machining start point, and to control the cutting speed of the honing stone in the honing process.

  Conventionally, the setting operation for changing the cutting speed has been performed visually while the operator looks at the actual machining state. As a result, there is variation in the machining hole inner diameter of each workpiece before machining, and FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, at the initial stage of machining when the honing grindstone 10 hits the machining hole inner circumferential surface Wa of the workpiece W, the inner circumferential surface Wa is distorted and the honing grindstone 10 does not hit the entire surface. Therefore, skill is required to determine the boundary point from the state where the honing grindstone 10 does not contribute to the honing process to the start of the honing process, and it is difficult to perform the setting operation with high accuracy.

  Further, the cutting operation of the honing wheel 10 at the time of machining is more precise in consideration of the wheel life of the honing wheel 10, the material of the workpiece W, etc., instead of the control with a simple continuous constant cutting amount as in the prior art. There was also a request to have a good control.

  In this regard, a method of detecting the cutting back force of the honing grindstone 10 by a force detection sensor and controlling the cutting of the honing grindstone 10 in accordance with the detected cutting back force (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Alternatively, there has been developed and proposed a method for detecting the torque (motor current) of the honing grindstone 10 using a torque sensor and controlling the cutting of the honing grindstone 10 in accordance with the detected torque (for example, see Patent Document 2). .

  However, these conventional cutting control methods also have the following problems, and further improvements have been demanded.

(1) In any of the incision control methods using the back component force and torque, the sensor is provided on the rotating spindle side of the honing machine, so that noise due to vibrations generated by the rotating operation and stroke operation of the rotating spindle is picked up. It was easy and load detection was difficult or impossible when the processing load was small.

  In other words, the accuracy when the detection signal from the sensor is electrically processed depends greatly on the S / N ratio (signal-to-noise ratio), but with a small machining load, S (signal) of the S / N ratio. Therefore, unless N (noise) is reduced, it is difficult to detect the load, and further, there may be a situation where it cannot be detected.

  Therefore, the above-described cutting control method using the back component force and torque cannot be employed for honing when the machining load is small.

(2) Further, in the incision control by the back component force, if the hole diameter accuracy becomes severe, a fine control is required for the overhang expansion amount (incision amount) of the honing grindstone 10, so that the cone rod for expanding the honing grindstone 10 is operated. It is necessary to set the inclination angle of the tip wedge small, but if the inclination angle of the tip wedge becomes small, the tip wedge of the cone rod acts as a wedge, so that the load when the honing grindstone 10 is cut can be detected. The force pushed back from the honing grindstone 10 cannot be detected. For this reason, the machining load may not be detected when intermittent cutting is performed or when the machining load becomes large and the cutting is temporarily interrupted.

(3) In addition, in order to prevent the honing tool 10 from jumping out of the honing tool, the honing tool may start to rotate when the reciprocating stroke is lowered, that is, when the honing tool is in the machining hole of the workpiece. However, in the cutting control by torque, when the honing tool descends immediately after the honing process starts, the honing tool and the work W come into contact with each other due to the displacement of the work position, that is, the work hole position, or the work hole diameter of the work W is small. Even so, since the rotating main shaft is not rotating, no torque is generated, and the contact point with the workpiece W cannot be detected.

(4) Further, in the cutting control by torque, since the starting torque is generated at the initial stage of rotation of the honing tool, accurate torque measurement cannot be performed during that time.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-114661 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Sho 62-241656

  The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and the object of the present invention is to reduce the processing cycle time in the honing processing of the forced cutting (quantitative) processing method, and to perform processing. The object of the present invention is to provide a honing technique capable of precise cutting control of a honing grindstone regardless of the load.

  In order to achieve the above object, the honing method of the present invention includes a honing tool equipped with a honing grindstone that is mechanically moved to the honing grindstone while reciprocating in the axial direction of the inner peripheral surface of the work and rotating around the axis. This is a method of honing the inner peripheral surface of a workpiece by giving a cutting operation with a constant cutting amount by a driving means, and a load detection means is provided at a place where there is no influence of noise generated by the operation of the honing tool. An axial thrust of the honing tool is measured by the load detecting means, and the cutting amount of the honing grindstone is controlled according to the measured thrust.

 Here, the “location free from the influence of noise” means that there is no trouble in measuring the axial thrust of the honing tool by the load detection means. Needless to say, this means that a part that does not hinder the load detection is included corresponding to the size of the processing load to be processed (hereinafter the same applies throughout the present specification and claims).

The following configuration is adopted as a preferred embodiment.
(1) The load detecting means is provided at a work holding portion that holds a work.

(2) A preload in the thrust direction is applied to the load detection means.

(3) A rapid expansion step of rapidly expanding the honing tool of the honing tool from the start of the cutting operation until the thrust reaches a preset value at the time of workpiece contact, and a cutting amount of the honing wheel Includes a honing process that controls the honing process to be a preset value at the time of honing, and a return process that rapidly reduces and returns the honing grindstone when the cut amount reaches a preset finish dimension setting value.

(4) The honing process set value is a single constant value.

(5) The honing process set value is composed of a plurality of constant values having different sizes.

(6) An abnormality avoiding step of rapidly reducing and restoring the honing grindstone when the thrust becomes an abnormal value larger than a preset allowable value is included.

(7) The honing tool is rapidly fed from the start of the feeding operation until the thrust reaches a preset value, and then the honing tool is rotated and the rapid expansion process is started.

  Further, the honing wheel cutting device for a honing machine according to the present invention reciprocates a honing tool equipped with a honing grindstone in the axial direction of the inner peripheral surface of the work and rotates the inner periphery of the work by the honing grindstone while rotating around the axis. A honing machine for honing a surface, and a device for giving a cutting operation to the honing grindstone, a cutting driving means for mechanically giving a cutting operation with a predetermined cutting amount to the honing grindstone, and the honing Load detecting means for detecting thrust in the axial direction of the tool, and notch control means for driving and controlling the notch driving means in response to a detection signal from the load detecting means, the load detecting means It is provided in the location which is not influenced by the noise generated by the operation of the honing tool.

The following configuration is adopted as a preferred embodiment.
(1) The load detecting means is provided at a work holding portion that holds a work.

(2) The load detecting means is configured to be preloaded in the thrust direction.

(3) The workpiece holding part is provided with a workpiece holding jig fixedly provided at a position vertically below the honing tool. The workpiece holding jig includes a workpiece holding unit for holding a workpiece and the workpiece holding unit. And a load detection unit in which the load detection unit is incorporated, and the load detection unit includes an axial thrust of the honing tool applied to the workpiece held by the workpiece holding unit. It is set as the arrangement configuration which detects.

(4) The workpiece holding part is fixedly arranged at a position vertically below the honing tool and a workpiece holding jig provided on the rotary table that is rotated by an index, and positions and fixes the workpiece holding jig. The workpiece positioning device includes a workpiece engaging portion that engages with the workpiece holding jig and the workpiece axial direction, and the load detecting means is incorporated to move the workpiece engaging portion up and down. The load detecting means is configured to detect an axial thrust of the honing tool applied to the work held by the work holding jig.

(5) The workpiece holding part is fixedly arranged at a position vertically below the honing tool and a workpiece holding jig provided on the rotary table rotated by indexing, and positions and fixes the workpiece holding jig. The workpiece positioning device is provided with a lifting prevention means for preventing the workpiece holding jig from lifting up on the rotary table. The workpiece positioning device incorporates the load detection means, and the workpiece holding treatment is performed. The load detecting means detects the axial thrust of the honing tool applied to the workpiece held by the work holding jig. It is an arrangement configuration.

(6) The workpiece holding part is provided with a workpiece holding jig movably provided on the conveyance path, and a workpiece which is provided at a position vertically below the honing tool in the conveyance path to position and fix the workpiece holding jig. The workpiece positioning device includes a positioning mechanism for positioning and fixing the movement of the workpiece holding jig on the conveyance path, and the conveyance corresponding to the workpiece holding jig positioned and fixed by the positioning mechanism. The load detecting means incorporated in the portion of the road, the load detecting means is arranged to detect the axial thrust of the honing tool applied to the work held by the work holding jig. The

(7) The work holding part is fixedly disposed at a position vertically below the honing tool and a work holding jig provided on the rotary table that is index-rotated to position and fix the work holding jig. The workpiece positioning device is in the form of a conveyance path that conveys and guides the workpiece holding jig, and has a conveyance path corresponding to the workpiece holding jig positioned and fixed on the conveyance path. The load detection means incorporated in the part, and the load detection means is configured to detect the axial thrust of the honing tool applied to the workpiece held by the workpiece holding jig. .

(8) The cutting control means is configured to execute a honing grindstone cutting operation in the honing method.

(9) The incision driving means includes a grindstone expansion rod provided in the shaft hole of the rotation main shaft of the honing machine so as to be movable in the axial direction, a notch drive mechanism for moving the grindstone expansion rod in the axial direction, And a grindstone extending member that is provided in the honing tool and expands the honing grindstone by moving the grindstone expanding rod in the axial direction.

(10) The notch driving mechanism is configured such that a drive screw shaft member is rotatably supported in parallel to the rotation main shaft and rotatably on the slide body that supports the rotation main shaft, and the grindstone is mounted on the drive screw shaft member. A follower integrally connected to the expansion rod is engaged so as to be able to advance and retract.

  Furthermore, the honing machine according to the present invention can be reciprocated in the axial direction of the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece, and also rotates and rotates the rotation main shaft about the axis. Honing equipped with a main shaft rotating means, a main shaft reciprocating means for reciprocating the rotating main shaft in the axial direction of the inner peripheral surface, and a honing grindstone mounted on the tip of the rotating main shaft and having a grindstone surface along the inner peripheral surface. A tool, a grindstone cutting means for giving a predetermined cutting operation to the honing grindstone of the honing tool, and a control means for automatically controlling the operations of the spindle rotating means, the spindle reciprocating means and the grindstone cutting means in conjunction with each other. Thus, the grinding wheel cutting means is constituted by the grinding wheel cutting device.

  As a preferred embodiment, the control means is configured to automatically control the operations of the spindle rotating means, the spindle reciprocating means, and the grindstone cutting means in conjunction with each other to execute the honing method described above.

  In the honing processing according to the present invention, in the honing processing of the forced cutting (quantitative) processing method, load detecting means is provided at a place where there is no influence of noise generated by the operation of the honing tool, and the honing tool is provided by the load detecting means. The axial thrust is measured, and the cutting depth of the honing wheel is controlled in accordance with the measured thrust. Therefore, various unique effects as described below are obtained, and the machining cycle time is In addition, it is possible to provide a honing technique capable of precisely controlling the honing grindstone regardless of the machining load.

(1) The detection of the boundary point from the rapid expansion process of the honing grindstone to the start of the honing process can be performed automatically and reliably by measuring the above thrust, and the machining cycle time of the honing process is shortened. be able to.

(2) Further, by constantly measuring the thrust of the honing wheel, it is possible to precisely control the cutting operation of the honing wheel in the honing process according to the wheel life of the honing wheel, the material of the workpiece, and the like. .

(3) By setting the detection target as the axial thrust of the honing tool, it is not necessary to provide load detection means on the rotating main shaft side of the honing machine, as in the conventional cutting control by back force or torque. Due to the vibration generated by the rotation operation and stroke operation of the rotating spindle by providing a load detection means at a location that is not affected by the noise generated by the operation of the honing tool, such as the honing jig side that holds the workpiece. Even when the machining load is small, the load can be reliably detected without being affected by noise.

  In other words, the accuracy in electrically processing the detection signal from the load detection means is greatly influenced by the S / N ratio as described above, and is not affected by the noise accompanying the operation of the rotating spindle. Even when the machining hole diameter is small, or even when the machining hole diameter is large or the machining load is small, the machining load can be reliably detected.

(4) Since the object to be detected is the axial thrust of the honing tool, it can be reliably detected without being affected by the machining accuracy of the workpiece as in the conventional cutting control using the back component force. .

  In other words, as described above, when the hole diameter accuracy becomes severe, fine control is required for the extension amount (cutting amount) of the honing grindstone, and the inclination angle of the tip wedge of the cone rod for expanding the honing grindstone is set small. Where necessary, the axial thrust of the honing tool is always reliably detected without being affected by the inclination angle of the tip wedge as in the case of conventional cutting control using back force. The machining load can be detected even when intermittent cutting is performed, or when the machining load becomes large and the cutting is temporarily interrupted.

(5) In addition, in order to prevent the honing tool from flying out, the honing tool may start to rotate when the reciprocating stroke is lowered, that is, when the honing tool is in the machining hole of the workpiece. In the incision control by thrust, the thrust can be detected even when the rotating spindle is not rotating. Therefore, the load can be detected by the contact between the honing grindstone and the workpiece.

  Therefore, when the honing tool is lowered immediately after the honing process starts, if the work position, that is, the hole position of the work, the work hole diameter of the work is small, etc. Can be detected.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1
A honing machine according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 1. Specifically, this honing machine is a vertical machine for machining an inner peripheral surface Wa of a cylindrical machining hole of a workpiece W, and is equipped with a honing tool 1 at the tip. A rotation spindle 2, a spindle rotation drive section (spindle rotation means) 3, a spindle reciprocation drive section (spindle reciprocation means) 4, a grindstone cutting section (grinding stone cutting means, grindstone cutting apparatus) 5, an apparatus control section (control means) 6, and the like. It is provided as a main part. Reference numeral 7 denotes a power source.

  A honing tool (so-called honing head) 1 is replaceably attached to the tip of the rotating main shaft 2, that is, the lower end 2a.

  In the honing tool 1, as shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of honing grindstones 10, 10,... Arranged to be radially expandable / contractable, a cone rod 11 and a honing grindstone 10 for expanding these honing grindstones, .. Are provided with a return spring (not shown).

  Each honing grindstone 10 has a grindstone surface 10 a along the inner peripheral surface Wa of the workpiece W. Further, the cone rod 11 is provided so as to be movable in the vertical direction in the honing tool 1, and the tip wedge 11 a serves as a grindstone extending portion that presses the grindstone base 10 b of each honing grindstone 10, and an upper portion thereof. The base rod 11b is connected to a grindstone expansion rod 35 described later. Further, although not shown, the honing grindstones 10, 10,... Are always elastically urged in the contracting and closing direction by the return spring.

  The honing grindstones 10, 10,... Are expanded as the cone rod 11 is moved downward, and are contracted by the return spring as the cone rod 11 is moved upward. .

  The rotation spindle 2 includes the honing tool 1 at the lower end thereof, the spindle rotation drive unit 3 including the drive shaft 15 and the drive motor 16, and the spindle reciprocation drive unit 4 including the slide body 17, the hydraulic cylinder 18, and the like. Are linked to each other.

  That is, the rotary main shaft 2 is rotatably supported by the slide main body 17. The slide main body 17 is provided on a guide rod or rail 21 extending in the vertical direction on the machine body 20 so as to be movable up and down. It is connected to the piston rod 18a of the attached hydraulic cylinder 18. When the piston rod 18a of the hydraulic cylinder 18 moves up and down, the rotary main shaft 2, that is, the honing tool 1 is moved up and down via the slide body 17.

  Further, the upper end portion 2 a of the rotary main shaft 2 is key-fitted or spline-fitted to a drive shaft 15 that is rotatably provided on the head portion 20 a of the machine body 20. Direction) and are connected so as to be integrally rotatable.

  A transmission pulley 25a is attached to the upper end of the drive shaft 15, and this transmission pulley 25a is connected to a transmission pulley 25c attached to the motor shaft of the drive motor 16 via a transmission belt 25b. Then, by the rotational drive of the drive motor 16, the rotary spindle 2, that is, the honing tool 1 is rotationally driven via the drive shaft 15.

  The grindstone cutting section 5 gives a cutting operation to the honing grindstones 10, 10,..., FIG. 1 and HYPERLINK "http://www6.ipdl.ncipi.go.jp/Tokujitu/tjitemdrw.ipdl?N0000=231&N0500 = 1E # N /;% 3e:% 3e8?% 3c ;; /// & N0001 = 48 & N0552 = 9 & N0553 = 000004 "\ t" tjitemdrw "As shown in FIG. 2, the incision drive unit (incision drive means) 30, force A detection sensor (load detection means) 31 and a cutting control section (cutting control means) 32 are provided as main parts.

  The cutting drive unit 30 mechanically applies a cutting operation with a predetermined cutting amount to the honing grindstones 10, 10,..., Specifically, the cone rod (grinding wheel expanding member) 11 of the honing tool 1 ( 5), a grindstone expansion rod 35, a cutting drive mechanism 36, a stepping motor 37, and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the grindstone extending rod 35 is provided so as to be movable in the axial direction (vertical direction) in a shaft hole 38 provided in the lower half portion of the rotary main shaft 2, and its lower end portion 35 a. Is connected to the base rod 11b of the cone rod 11 (see FIG. 5), and its upper end 35b is connected to the cutting drive mechanism 36.

  This incision drive mechanism 36 moves the grindstone expansion rod 35 in the vertical direction (axial direction). As is conventionally known, the follower 40 connected to the grindstone expansion rod 35 and the follower 40 are moved up and down. The drive screw shaft member 41 is configured as a main part.

  The follower 40 is provided so as to be relatively slidable in the vertical direction with respect to the rotation main shaft 2, and is integrally formed in the vertical direction with respect to the grindstone extending rod 35 disposed in the rotation main shaft 2. It is connected.

  That is, the connecting pin 42 is horizontally attached to the upper end portion 35 b of the grindstone extending rod 35, and both end portions of the connecting pin 42 have the axial elongated holes 43, 43 opened in the rotary main shaft 2. Via the rotation main shaft 2. On the other hand, the follower 40 is slidably and rotatably mounted on the rotary spindle 2 by the bearing device 44, and both end portions of the connecting pin 42 are attached to the lower end portion of the slide sleeve 44a of the bearing device 44. Is fixed.

  The follower 40 is engaged with the drive screw shaft member 41 through a female screw member 45 integrally fixed thereto so as to be able to advance and retract in the vertical direction. The drive screw shaft member 41 is pivotally supported by the slide body 17 in parallel with the rotation main shaft 2 and so as to be rotatable.

  The drive screw shaft member 41 is linked to a rotation transmission shaft 46 that is rotatably provided on the head portion 20 a of the machine body 20. Specifically, the rotation transmission shaft 46 is pivotally supported on the same axis as the drive screw shaft member 41, and its lower portion 46 a is key-fitted into the shaft hole 42 of the upper end portion 41 a of the drive screw shaft member 41. Or splined. Accordingly, the drive screw shaft member 41 is connected to the rotation transmission shaft 46 so as to be relatively movable in the vertical direction (axial direction) and to be integrally rotatable.

  An upper end portion of the rotation transmission shaft 46 is linked to a horizontal cutting drive shaft 48 perpendicular to the rotation transmission shaft 46 via a gear mechanism 49. The distal end portion of the cutting drive shaft 48 is connected to the cutting setting dial 50, and the base end portion is connected to the motor shaft 37 a of the stepping motor 37 through the coupling 51.

  A position detection sensor 52 such as a rotary encoder is integrally incorporated in the stepping motor 37, and the rotation amount of the stepping motor 37 is detected by the position detection sensor 52. The incision setting dial 50 displays the rotation angle of the stepping motor 37.

  Then, when the drive screw shaft member 41 is rotated by the rotational drive of the stepping motor 37 via the cutting drive shaft 48 and the rotation transmission shaft 46, the follower 40 screwed to the screw member so as to be able to advance and retreat is driven. Therefore, it is moved downward or upward relative to the rotation main shaft 2. That is, when the driven body 40 is moved downward, the grindstone extending rod 35 integrated therewith pushes the cone rod 11 downward, and the honing grindstones 10, 10,. On the other hand, when the follower 40 moves upward, the honing grindstones 10, 10,... Are contracted by the return spring (not shown) in the honing tool 1 as the grindstone expansion rod 35 moves upward.

  The force detection sensor (load detection means) 31 detects the thrust in the axial direction of the honing tool 1 and is formed of a piezoelectric element or the like, and is provided at a place where there is no influence of noise generated by the operation of the honing tool 1. Yes.

  That is, the detection signal from the force detection sensor 31 is electrically processed in the apparatus control unit 6 as will be described later. In this case, the detection accuracy depends greatly on the S / N ratio, but various noises are detected. By reducing the influence as much as possible, it is possible to reliably detect and process even if the detection signal is small, such as when the machining hole diameter of the workpiece W is small or the machining load is small even if the machining hole diameter is large. Can do. From such a point of view, a location that is not affected by noise generated by the operation of the honing tool 1 is selected as the position where the force detection sensor 31 is disposed.

  As a result of various test studies by the present inventors, in the illustrated embodiment, the force detection sensor 31 is generally installed as a conventional sensor installation site of this type and is susceptible to noise. The workpiece holding part P that holds the workpiece W that can detect the thrust that is the detection target of the force detection sensor 31 while avoiding the rotating spindle 2 side is selected.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the force detection sensor 31 is integrally incorporated in a work holding jig 60 that fixedly supports the work W.

 As shown in FIG. 1, the work holding jig 60 is fixedly provided at a vertically lower position of the honing tool 1, and includes a work holding part 61 and a load detection part 62 as main parts.

 The work holding unit 61 is a part for holding the work W, and specifically, a disk-shaped work support base 61a on which the work W is placed, and the work W placed on the work support base 61a are fixed from above. A workpiece fixing plate 61b that supports and prevents the workpiece W from being lifted during honing is provided. The workpiece fixing plate 61b is configured to be detachably fixed to supporting columns 61c and 61c provided upright on the workpiece support base 61a by fixing bolts 61d and 61d. The workpiece support 61a and the workpiece fixing plate 61b are provided with insertion holes 63a and 63b that allow the honing tool 1 to reciprocate in the vertical direction during honing. Although not specifically shown, a positioning structure for positioning and fixing the workpiece W in the horizontal direction is provided.

 The workpiece W is fixed and supported on the workpiece holding portion 61 of the workpiece holding jig 60 by supporting and fixing the workpiece W positioned and placed on the workpiece support base 61a from above by the workpiece fixing plate 61b.

 The load detection unit 62 is a portion that detects thrust, and is specifically provided below the work holding unit 61. The load detection unit 62 includes a plurality of force detection sensors 31 between a jig base 64 fixedly provided on the stationary side of the workpiece holding part P and a workpiece support 61a of the workpiece holding unit 61. Are incorporated in a sandwich shape (ie, vertically sandwiched or stacked), and in the illustrated embodiment, three columnar force detection sensors 31 are incorporated. Reference numeral 65 denotes an insertion hole of the jig base 64 that allows the honing tool 1 to reciprocate in the vertical direction during honing. The insertion hole 65 is coaxial with the insertion holes 63a and 63b of the workpiece holding portion 61. Is provided.

 The three force detection sensors 31 and 31 are arranged to detect the axial thrust of the honing tool 1 applied to the workpiece W held by the workpiece holding unit 61. Specifically, as shown in FIG. In addition, three force detection sensors 31 are provided for the axial thrust applied to the workpiece W from the honing tool 1 so as to be arranged at three equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the processing holes of the workpiece W, that is, the insertion holes 63a, 63b, 65. , 31 can be detected evenly.

 The jig base 64 and the work support 61a are connected and fixed by connecting bolts 66, 66 and 66 in a state where the force detection sensors 31 and 31 are assembled in a sandwich shape therebetween. , 66, 66 also function as a preload applying means for applying a preload in the thrust direction to the force detection sensors 31, 31.

 That is, in the illustrated embodiment, a predetermined preload is applied to the force detection sensors 31, 31 by the tightening loads of the connecting bolts 66, 66, 66, and thereby the honing tool 1 is lowered (forward operation). The axial downward thrust acting on the workpiece W at this time is detected as a positive force, and the axial upward thrust acting on the workpiece W when rising (reverse operation) is detected as a negative force. The magnitude of the preload is an optimum value for detection corresponding to the size of the machining hole diameter of the workpiece W and the machining load by appropriately adjusting the tightening load of the connecting bolts 66, 66, 66. Set to

  For this purpose, in the illustrated embodiment, there are three places where the connecting bolts 66 are arranged corresponding to the number of force detection sensors 31 arranged, as shown in FIG. A central position between the three force detection sensors 31 and 31 is arranged in three equal positions in the circumferential direction around the processing hole of the workpiece W, that is, the insertion holes 63a, 63b and 65.

  The incision control unit (incision control means) 32 constitutes a part of the device control unit 6 described later (see FIG. 7), and the incision drive unit corresponds to the detection signals from the three force detection sensors 31, 31. As shown in FIG. 6, the driving unit 30 is configured to include a calculation unit 32a and a motor driving unit 32b.

  The calculation unit 32a receives a cutting timing signal as a control signal from the main control unit 70 of the device control unit 6, and receives a thrust signal from the force detection sensors 31, 31 and a position signal from the position detection sensor 52. Each is input as a detection signal.

  The calculation unit 32a compares the thrust detected by the force detection sensors 31, 31 (specifically, the total value of the detected thrusts of the three force detection sensors 31, 31) with various preset thrust setting values Px. Based on the calculation result, a control signal corresponding to the position signal detected by the position detection sensor 52 is output to the motor drive unit 32b, and a cutting pulse is sent from the motor drive unit 32b to the stepping motor 37.

  As the various thrust setting values Px, for example, (a) the thrust values of the honing grindstones 10, 10,... Acting on the workpiece W when the honing grindstones 10, 10,. Setting value) Pa, (b) Thrust value of honing grindstones 10, 10,... Acting on the workpiece W when the honing grindstones 10, 10,. .., And the thrust value (abnormal value) Pc of the honing wheel 10, 10... Acting on the workpiece W when the honing wheel 10, 10. The set values Pa to Pc are experimentally measured and set in accordance with various grinding conditions such as the properties of the cutting edge of the grindstone surface 10a of the honing grindstone 10 and the material of the workpiece W.

  Further, in the illustrated embodiment, the honing processing set value Pb is set to a single constant value, and as shown in FIG. 8, the honing honing processing step is a single load (thrust Pb = Pb1). It is configured.

  In the grindstone cutting section 5, the rotational operation of the stepping motor 37 is driven and controlled by the cutting control section 32 in accordance with the thrust of the honing grindstones 10, 10,. Through the drive mechanism 36, the grindstone expansion rod 35, and the cone rod 11, the cutting operation (cutting amount = expansion position) of the honing grindstones 10, 10,. The cutting operation is specifically controlled in synchronization with the reciprocating operation of the honing tool 1 as will be described later.

  The device control unit 6 automatically controls the operation of each drive unit of the honing machine in conjunction with each other. Specifically, the device control unit 6 includes a microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, an I / O port, and the like. Yes.

  The apparatus control unit 6 incorporates a machining program for executing honing, and as shown in FIG. 7, a spindle rotation control for controlling the drive source of the main control unit 70 and the spindle rotation driving unit 3. Part 71, a spindle reciprocating control part 72 for controlling the driving source of the spindle reciprocating driving part 4, and the cutting control part 32 for controlling the driving source of the grindstone cutting part 5.

  In the main control unit 70, various information necessary for driving the drive sources of the drive units 3, 4, 5 such as the rotation speed and the lifting / lowering speed of the honing tool 1, or the honing grindstones 10, 10,. Reference positions (stroke positions) A and B and stroke width S (see FIG. 5), cutting speed and cutting timing, etc. are selectively input and set as NC (numerical control) data in advance or with a keyboard on the operation panel. The control units 71, 72, and 32 are controlled according to these data.

  In addition to the drive motor 16, the hydraulic control valve 18 b of the hydraulic cylinder 18, the stepping motor 37, the position detection sensor 52, and the force detection sensor 31, the control units 71, 72, and 32 are provided on the slide body 17. A position detection sensor 81 for detecting the position of the slide main body 17 from the scale 80 and other drive units are electrically connected. Actual value information obtained from these is preset by the main control unit 70. Further, a comparison operation is performed with the various set values, and the operations of the drive units 3, 4, and 5 are driven and controlled based on the calculation results.

  In the honing machine configured as described above, the drive units 3, 4, and 5 are automatically controlled by the device control unit 6 in relation to each other as described below. 1 has a predetermined incision amount over the entire peripheral surface Wa of the workpiece W supported by the workpiece holding jig 60, that is, quantitative processing or sizing processing, that is, over the entire honing region (that is, the stroke width S in FIG. 5). Uniform honing is performed.

  That is, the honing tool 1 is rotated around the axis of the inner peripheral surface Wa of the workpiece W by the main shaft rotation driving unit 3 and is reciprocated in the axial direction of the inner peripheral surface Wa of the workpiece W by the main shaft reciprocating driving unit 4. The honing grindstones 10, 10,... Are given a cutting operation with a constant cutting amount by the grindstone cutting section (grinding stone cutting device) 5, and the inner peripheral surface Wa of the workpiece W is honed. At this time, the cutting amount of the honing grindstone 10, 10,... Is controlled according to the thrust of the honing grindstone measured by the force detection sensor 31.

  Specifically, referring to FIG. 8, in synchronization with the reciprocating operation of the honing tool 1, first, the honing grindstones 10, 10,... It is rapidly expanded until the set value Pa at the time of W contact (rapid expansion process).

  In the subsequent honing process, the depth of cut (extended position) of the honing grindstones 10, 10,... Is controlled so that the thrust to be measured becomes a preset value Pb during honing.

  The thrust measured in this case rises with a steep inclination angle in the initial stage of machining as shown in the figure. That is, when the honing grindstones 10, 10,... Hit the inner peripheral surface Wa of the work W, the thrust value (setting value at the time of workpiece contact) Pa of the honing grindstones 10, 10,. Are set to be considerably smaller than the thrust value (setting value at the time of honing) Pb of the honing grindstones 10, 10,... Acting on the workpiece W when the honing is performed by hitting the entire inner peripheral surface Wa of the workpiece W. This is to prevent the honing grindstones 10, 10,... From being excessively expanded due to a delay in the cutting control of the honing grindstones 10, 10,. When the honing wheel 10, 10,... Hits the entire surface, the cutting amount of the honing wheel 10, 10,. The honing process is performed with a constant pressure that is controlled so as to maintain the value Pb.

  Incidentally, in this honing process, as shown in FIG. 16, it is not necessary to consider the distortion of the inner peripheral surface Wa of the workpiece W at the initial stage of machining when the honing grindstones 10, 10,... Hit the inner peripheral surface Wa of the workpiece W. Also not considered. This is because it is difficult to detect the load when the inner peripheral surface Wa of the workpiece W is distorted by the initial quenching of the workpiece W, and in such a case, the cutting amount of the honing grindstones 10, 10,. This is because if the number is increased and increased to the set load of the honing processing set value Pb, the shape of the hole of the workpiece W becomes worse, and it takes unnecessary time for subsequent correction.

  As in the present embodiment, the above-described problem does not occur because the workpiece contact setting value Pa is set to be considerably smaller than the honing processing setting value Pb.

  When the honing process further proceeds and the incision amount of the honing grindstones 10, 10,... Reaches a preset finish dimension setting value, the honing grindstones 10, 10,. The cycle ends.

  When the thrust to be measured becomes an abnormal value Pc larger than a preset allowable value due to clogging of the surface of the honing wheel 10, 10,..., The life of the wheel, etc., the honing wheel 10, 10,. In addition to the rapid reduction and restoration (abnormality avoiding process), an alarm lamp, an alarm buzzer, etc. warn the operator of the occurrence of an abnormal situation.

  In the honing process of the honing tool 1, in order to prevent the honing grindstones 10, 10,... The reciprocating motion of the honing tool 1 is not at the same time as the lowering position B (see FIG. 5), that is, when the honing grindstones 10, 10,... Are in the machining hole Wa of the workpiece W. The other process operations are the same as the honing process.

  By adopting such a control method, that is, an adaptive control method using thrust (a method of detecting the load and controlling the cutting amount while being a quantitative cutting honing machine), the honing stones 10, 10,. The boundary point from the process to the start of the honing process can be detected automatically and reliably by measuring the thrust. As shown in FIG. 8, the machining cycle time (dotted line) of the conventional honing process is possible. Compared to the reference), the machining cycle time (see the solid line) can be greatly shortened.

  Further, by constantly measuring the thrust of the honing grindstone 10, 10,..., The cutting operation of the honing grindstone 10, 10,... In the honing process corresponds to the grindstone life of the honing grindstone 10, the material of the workpiece W, and the like. It becomes possible to control precisely.

  As described above, in the honing process of the present embodiment, the force detection sensor 31 is provided in the work holding jig 60 which is a place where there is no influence of noise generated by the operation of the honing tool 1, and this force detection sensor 31. The axial thrust of the honing tool 1, that is, the axial thrust of the honing grindstones 10, 10,... Is measured, and the cutting depth of the honing grindstones 10, 10,. With this configuration, the machining cycle time can be shortened, and precise cutting control of the honing grindstone is possible regardless of the machining load.

  That is, the boundary point from the rapid expansion process of the honing grindstones 10, 10,... To the start of the honing process can be automatically and reliably performed by measuring the thrust, and the machining cycle time of the honing process. Can be shortened.

  Further, by constantly measuring the thrust of the honing grindstones 10, 10,..., The cutting operation of the honing grindstones 10, 10,. It becomes possible to control precisely corresponding to.

  Further, by setting the detection target as the thrust in the axial direction of the honing tool 1, that is, the honing grindstones 10, 10,... The force detection sensor 31 is not required to be provided on the second side, and is not affected by noise generated by the operation of the honing tool 1, such as the honing jig 60 side that holds the workpiece W as in the present embodiment. By providing, the load can be reliably detected even when the machining load is small, without being affected by noise caused by the vibration generated by the rotation operation or the reciprocating stroke operation of the rotary spindle 2.

  That is, the accuracy when the detection signal from the force detection sensor 31 is electrically processed is greatly influenced by the S / N ratio as described above, and is not affected by noise associated with the operation of the rotary spindle 2. Even when the machining hole diameter of the workpiece W is small, or even when the machining hole diameter is large and the machining load is small, the machining load can be reliably detected.

  Further, since the object to be detected is the axial thrust of the honing tool 1, that is, the honing grindstone 10, 10,..., It is affected by the size of the hole diameter of the workpiece W as in the conventional cutting control by torque. And can be reliably detected.

  That is, as described above, when the machining hole diameter of the workpiece W is reduced, fine control is required for the overhang expansion amount (cutting amount) of the honing grindstones 10, 10,..., And the honing grindstones 10, 10,. Where the inclination angle θ (see FIG. 5) of the tip wedge 11a of the cone rod 11 to be made needs to be set small, the detection of the axial thrust of the honing grindstones 10, 10,. As in the control, it is possible to always detect reliably without being affected by the inclination angle θ of the tip wedge 11a at all times, and when intermittent cutting is performed or the processing load is increased temporarily. Even when cutting is interrupted, the processing load can be detected.

  Further, in order to prevent the honing tools 1, 10,... Of the honing tool 1 from jumping out, the rotational operation of the honing tool 1 is started, and the lowered position of the reciprocating operation stroke, that is, the honing tools 10, 10,. When there is a case where it is in the hole, in the cutting control by thrust, since the thrust can be detected even if the rotating spindle 2 is not rotating, the honing grindstones 10, 10,... Thus, the load can be detected.

  Therefore, when the honing tool 1 is lowered immediately after the honing process is started, the honing grindstones 10, 10,... When the workpiece W comes into contact with the workpiece W, the contact point with the workpiece W can be reliably detected.

Embodiment 2
This embodiment is shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, and the arrangement configuration of the force detection sensor 31 in the first embodiment is modified.

  That is, in the present embodiment, a single force detection sensor 31 is used instead of the three force detection sensors 31 and 31 in the first embodiment.

  As shown in the drawing, the force detection sensor 31 is integrated with a work holding jig 160 that supports the work W in a fixed manner, as in the first embodiment.

  The basic configuration of the workpiece holding jig 160 is the same as that of the workpiece holding jig 60 of the first embodiment, and only the load detection unit 62 including the force detection sensor 31 is modified.

  That is, in the load detection unit 62, the single force detection sensor 31 is located between the jig base 64 and the work support 61a immediately below the work W held by the work holding unit 61 of the work holding jig 160. It is assembled in a sandwich shape.

  The force detection sensor 31 has a cylindrical shape having an insertion hole 31 a at the center, and is arranged so as to be concentric with the workpiece W held by the workpiece holding portion 61. Desirably, the outer diameter of the force detection sensor 31 is set to be larger than the outer diameter of the workpiece W to be processed, and the insertion hole 31a is inserted into the insertion holes 63a and 63b of the workpiece holding portion 61 and the insertion holes of the base 64. 65, which is set to substantially the same diameter. The insertion hole 31a is disposed so as to be coaxial with the insertion holes 63a, 63b and 65, and is configured to allow the honing tool 1 to reciprocate in the vertical direction during honing.

  Further, in connection with the fact that the single force detection sensor 31 is disposed directly below the workpiece W held by the workpiece holding portion 61, the connecting bolt 66 that also functions as a preload applying means of the force detection sensor 31 is: As shown in FIG. 9, three connecting bolts 66, 66,... Are arranged in three equal positions in the circumferential direction around the force detection sensor 31 so as to surround the outer periphery of the force detection sensor 31. .

Therefore, in the workpiece holding jig 160 configured as described above, the thrust of the honing grindstones 10, 10,... Acting on the workpiece W is detected and measured by the single force detection sensor 31 arranged immediately below the thrust. Then, the detection signal is input to the calculation unit 32a of the cutting control unit 32.
Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

Embodiment 3
This embodiment is shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, and the arrangement of the force detection sensor 31 in the first embodiment is modified.

  That is, the force detection sensor 31 of the present embodiment is a workpiece holding portion P that holds the workpiece W as a location that is not affected by noise generated by the operation of the honing tool 1 as in the first and second embodiments. In addition, the configuration of the workpiece holding portion P is modified as follows.

  The workpiece holding part P in the present embodiment constitutes a part of the index device 200 that causes the workpiece W to be processed to be indexed to a vertical lower position of the honing tool 1 that is a processing unit of the honing machine and is carried in and out. Yes.

  As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the index device 200 includes a rotary table 201, a workpiece holding jig 260 provided on the rotary table 201, and a workpiece positioning device 261 provided on the workpiece holding portion P. It is configured as the main part.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the rotary table 201 is in the form of a planar circular disk table. Although not specifically shown, the rotary table 201 is rotatably supported in a state where the central portion can be horizontally rotated via the vertical rotation shaft 201a. Has been. The vertical rotation shaft 201a is drivably coupled to a rotation drive source such as a drive motor via a power transmission mechanism such as a speed reduction mechanism.

  Further, a plurality of the work holding jigs 260, 260,... Are arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 201. In the present embodiment, the four work holding jigs 260, 260,. Are arranged in four equidistant directions in the circumferential direction around the center of rotation, that is, the vertical rotation axis 201a.

  Then, the rotary table 201 is index-rotated by the rotational drive source, and each workpiece holding jig 260 on the rotary table 201 is turned to the workpiece holding portion P at a predetermined machining interval to stop positioning. .

  The work holding jig 260 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 201 so as to be movable up and down. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12, the work holding jig 260 is supported by the support hole 201b of the rotary table 201 so as to be movable up and down. A workpiece support 260a for placing W and a workpiece fixing plate 260b for fixing and supporting the workpiece W placed on the workpiece support 260a from above and preventing the workpiece W from being lifted during honing. .

  The workpiece fixing plate 260b is configured to be detachably fixed to supporting columns 260c and 260c provided upright on the workpiece support base 260a by fixing bolts 260d and 260d. The workpiece fixing plate 260b and the workpiece support 260a are provided with insertion holes 263 and 264 that allow the honing tool 1 to reciprocate in the vertical direction during honing. Although not specifically shown, a positioning structure for positioning and fixing the workpiece W in the horizontal direction is provided.

  The workpiece W is fixedly supported on the workpiece holding jig 260 by supporting and fixing the workpiece W positioned and placed on the workpiece support table 260a from above by the workpiece fixing plate 260b.

  The workpiece positioning device 261 is a device for lifting and positioning the workpiece holding jig 260 indexed to the workpiece holding portion P from the lower side. Specifically, the workpiece positioning device 261 is positioned vertically below the honing tool 1 in the workpiece holding portion P. While being fixedly arranged, the force detection sensor 31 is integrally incorporated.

  The workpiece positioning device 261 includes, as main parts, a workpiece engaging portion 265 that engages with the workpiece holding jig 260 and a lifting portion 266 that moves the workpiece engaging portion 265 up and down. A sensor 31 is incorporated.

  Specifically, the workpiece engaging portion 265 is in the form of a chuck chuck cylinder having engaging claws 265a and 265a that can be opened and closed, and the engaging claws 265a and 265a are opened and closed by driving the cylinder. 265a and 265a can be inserted into the insertion hole 264 of the workpiece holding jig 260 in the closed state, and can engage with an engagement flange 264a provided at the bottom of the insertion hole 264 in the opened state. It is said that.

  The elevating part 266 is specifically in the form of an elevating cylinder, and is fixedly provided on the stationary side of the work holding part P, and the work engaging part 265 is coaxially and integrally formed at the upper end of the elevating rod 266a. Is installed.

  The force detection sensor 31 is integrally incorporated at a boundary portion between the elevating part 266 and the work engaging part 265, specifically, at the bottom part of the work engaging part 265.

  That is, a load detection unit 269 in which a plurality of the force detection sensors 31,... Are incorporated in a sandwich shape between the upper and lower support plates 267 and 268 is integrally provided at the bottom of the work engagement unit 265. In this embodiment, three cylindrical force detection sensors 31 are incorporated as in the first embodiment.

 The three force detection sensors 31, 31, 31 are arranged to detect the axial thrust of the honing tool 1 applied to the workpiece W held by the workpiece holding jig 260. That is, although not specifically illustrated, in a state where the workpiece engaging portion 265 of the workpiece positioning device 261 is engaged with the workpiece holding jig 260 in the axial direction of the workpiece W, as will be described later, That is, the thrusts in the axial direction applied to the workpiece W from the honing tool 1 are arranged at three equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the insertion holes 263 and 264 of the workpiece holding jig 260, and the three force detection sensors 31, 31, 31 are arranged. Is configured to be detected evenly. In addition, it is the same as that of Embodiment 1 that these force detection sensors 31, 31, and 31 are preloaded in the thrust direction by an appropriate preload applying means.

  Accordingly, in the workpiece holding portion P configured as described above, the workpiece engaging portion 265 is lifted by the lifting operation of the lifting / lowering portion 266 of the workpiece positioning device 261, and the engaging claws 265a and 265a are moved to the workpiece holding jig. 260 is inserted into the insertion hole 264 from below and engaged with the engagement flange 264a of the insertion hole 264 by the opening operation, so that the workpiece positioning device 261 and the workpiece holding jig 260 are engaged in the axial direction of the workpiece W. Fix it. Further, the workpiece holding jig 260 is lifted from the rotary table 201 and positioned and fixed at a predetermined height position by the lifting operation of the elevating unit 266 of the workpiece positioning device 261.

In this positioning fixed state, honing is performed by the honing tool 1 of the honing machine, and the thrust of the honing grindstones 10, 10,... Acting on the workpiece W at this time is the force detection sensor 31 of the positioning device 261. Detected and measured by 31, 31 and input as a detection signal to the calculation unit 32a of the cutting control unit 32.
Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

Embodiment 4
This embodiment is shown in FIG. 13, and the specific configuration of the workpiece positioning device 261 in the third embodiment is modified.

  That is, the workpiece positioning device 261 of the present embodiment has a structure in which the workpiece engaging portion 265 in the third embodiment is omitted. Specifically, in the workpiece positioning device 261, the load detection unit 269 provided at the upper end of the lifting / lowering unit 266 directly presses the workpiece holding jig 260 positioned at the workpiece holding portion P from below. It is configured to support and engage in a contact manner.

  Correspondingly, a plurality of lifting prevention stoppers 270, 270,... Are provided on the rotary table 201 as lifting prevention means for preventing the workpiece holding jig 260 from lifting. These lift prevention stoppers 270, 270,... Can be engaged from above with an annular engagement flange 271 provided on the outer periphery of the lower end of the work holding jig 260.

  Thus, in the work holding portion P configured as described above, the upper end surface 266b of the elevating unit 266 is moved from the lower side to the lower end surface 260e of the work holding jig 260 by the ascending operation of the elevating unit 266 of the work positioning device 261. The workpiece positioning device 261 and the workpiece holding jig 260 are engaged and fixed in the axial direction of the workpiece W by the cooperative action of the lift prevention stoppers 270, 270,.

  In this positioning fixed state, honing is performed by the honing tool 1 of the honing machine, and the thrust of the honing grindstones 10, 10,... Acting on the workpiece W at this time is the force detection sensor 31 of the positioning device 261. 31 is detected and measured, and is input as a detection signal to the calculation unit 32a of the cutting control unit 32.

Incidentally, in this embodiment, when a downward thrust is applied to the workpiece W, the thrust is detected and measured by the force detection sensors 31, 31,... Of the load detection unit 269, while the upward thrust is applied to the workpiece W. When applied, the thrust is not detected. This is configured to perform the function by detecting only the downward thrust based on the test result that the thrust applied to the workpiece W has substantially the same value in the vertical direction. This configuration is suitable when extremely high-precision control is not required.
Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the third embodiment.

Embodiment 5
This embodiment is shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, and the arrangement of the force detection sensor 31 in the first embodiment is modified.

  That is, the force detection sensor 31 of the present embodiment is a workpiece holding portion P that holds the workpiece W as a location that is not affected by noise generated by the operation of the honing tool 1 as in the first to fourth embodiments. In addition, the configuration of the workpiece holding portion P is modified as follows.

  The workpiece holding part P in the present embodiment constitutes a part of the transfer device 300 that feeds and loads the workpiece W to be processed to the vertical lower position of the honing tool 1 that is a processing unit of the honing machine. Yes.

  As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the transfer apparatus 300 includes a conveyance path 301, a workpiece holding jig 360 movably provided on the conveyance path 301, and a workpiece positioning provided at the workpiece holding portion P. The apparatus 361 is configured as a main part.

  The conveyance path 301 is used to place and guide the honing jig 360 that holds the workpiece W. As illustrated in FIGS. 14 and 15, the conveyance path 301 includes two guide grooves 302 a that guide the honing jig 360. The honing jig 360 mounted on the transport path 301 (302, 302) is formed in the form of a linear guide rail 302, 302 by a workpiece moving device (not shown) with a predetermined machining interval. It is tact-fed to the holding part P.

  The work holding jig 360 is provided so as to be able to travel along the guide grooves 302a and 302a of the conveyance path 301. Specifically, the work holding jig 360 is guided and traveled along the guide grooves 302a and 302a to move the workpiece W. A flat rectangular jig base 360a to be placed, and a work fixing plate 360b for fixing and supporting the work W placed on the guide jig base 360a from above to prevent the work W from being lifted during honing. With.

  The work fixing plate 360b is configured to be detachably fixed to supporting columns 360c and 360c provided upright on the jig base 360a by fixing bolts 360d and 360d. The workpiece fixing plate 360b and the jig base 360a are provided with insertion holes 363 and 364 that allow the honing tool 1 to reciprocate in the vertical direction during honing. Although not specifically shown, a positioning structure for positioning and fixing the workpiece W in the horizontal direction is provided.

  Then, by supporting and fixing the workpiece W positioned and placed on the jig base 360a from above by the workpiece fixing plate 360b, the workpiece W is fixed and supported on the jig base 360a.

  The workpiece positioning device 361 positions and fixes the workpiece holding jig 360 that is tact-fed to the workpiece holding portion P. Specifically, the workpiece path 361 is the position below the honing tool 1 in the workpiece holding portion P in the vertical direction. The force detection sensor 31 is integrally incorporated.

  The workpiece positioning device 361 includes positioning mechanisms 365 and 365 that position and fix movement of the workpiece holding jig 360 on the conveyance path 301, and the conveyance corresponding to the workpiece holding jig 360 that is positioned and fixed by the positioning mechanism 365. The force detection sensor 31 incorporated in the part of the path 301 is provided.

  The positioning mechanisms 365 and 365 of the positioning device 361 are, for example, in the form of a positioning plunger using a locking ball 365a as a locking portion, and the parts facing the left and right guide rails 302 and 302 of the conveyance path 301 in the work holding part P. And the locking balls 365a and 365a are disposed so as to face the guide grooves 302a and 302a of the both guide rails 302 and 302, respectively.

  Then, the locking balls 365a and 365a of the positioning plungers 365 and 365 are elastically applied to the locking recesses 366 and 366 of the jig base 360a of the workpiece holding jig 360 by the elastic urging force of the elastic springs 365b and 365b. The workpiece holding jig 360 is positioned and fixed by engaging with it.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 15, the force detection sensor 31 is integrally incorporated in the bottoms of both guide rails 302 and 302.

  That is, between the bottom surfaces of both guide rails 302, 302 and the support plate 303, a plurality of force detection sensors 31,... Are incorporated in a sandwich shape to form a load detection unit 370. In this embodiment, Four cylindrical force detection sensors 31 are incorporated.

  The four force detection sensors 31, 31,... Are arranged to detect the axial thrust of the honing tool 1 applied to the workpiece W held by the workpiece holding jig 360. That is, as shown in FIG. 14, in the state where the locking balls 365a and 365a of the workpiece positioning mechanisms 365 and 365 are elastically engaged with the jig base 360a of the workpiece holding jig 360, the machining holes of the workpiece W are processed. That is, they are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction around the insertion holes 363 and 364 of the workpiece holding jig 360 (in the case of illustration, they are arranged at four equal intervals with equal intervals), and the workpiece W is moved from the honing tool 1 to the workpiece W. The four force detection sensors 31, 31,... In addition, it is the same as that of Embodiment 1 that these force detection sensors 31, 31,...

  In relation to this, as shown in FIG. 15, the surface of the guide rails 302 and 302 of the conveyance path 301 in the work holding portion P is lifted to prevent the jig base 360 a of the work holding jig 360 from being lifted. Anti-plates 371 and 371 are provided.

Thus, in the workpiece holding portion P configured as described above, the workpiece holding jig 360 is positioned and fixed by the workpiece positioning device 361, and in this positioning and fixing state, honing is performed by the honing tool 1 of the honing machine. The thrusts of the honing grindstones 10, 10,... Acting on the workpiece W at this time are detected and measured by the force detection sensors 31, 31,... Of the positioning device 361, and the calculation unit of the cutting control unit 32 as a detection signal. 32a.
Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

Embodiment 6
This embodiment is shown in FIG. 16 to FIG. 18, and the work positioning device 261 is a fifth embodiment in which the work holding portion P forms a part of the index device 200 as in the third and fourth embodiments. It is made into the form of the conveyance path like.

  That is, the workpiece holding part P in the present embodiment constitutes a part of the index device 200 that causes the workpiece W to be processed to be indexed to the vertical lower position of the honing tool 1 that is a processing unit of the honing machine and is carried in and out. is doing.

  As shown in FIG. 16, the index device 200 includes a rotary table 201, a workpiece holding jig 260 provided on the rotary table 201, and a workpiece positioning device 261 provided at the workpiece holding portion P as main parts. Of these components, the basic configurations of the rotary table 201 and the work holding jig 260 are substantially the same as those of the third and fourth embodiments.

  In the present embodiment, three work holding jigs 260, 260, 260 are arranged at three equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the vertical rotation shaft 201 a of the rotary table 201 at the outer peripheral portion of the rotary table 201. The workpiece holding jigs 260, 260, 260 are sequentially turned to the workpiece loading position Q, the workpiece holding portion P, and the workpiece unloading position R at predetermined processing intervals by the index rotation of the rotary table 201 by a rotation driving source (not shown). Thus, the positioning is stopped.

  The workpiece holding part P is composed of the workpiece holding jig 260 and the workpiece positioning device 261 fixedly arranged at a vertically lower position of the honing tool 1 (not shown).

  The workpiece positioning device 261 is in the form of a conveyance path for conveying and guiding the workpiece holding jig as described above. Specifically, the conveyance path 401 is in the form of two arcuate guide rails 402 and 402 extending in parallel, each having a guide groove 402 a for conveying and guiding the honing jig 260, and the index of the rotary table 201. As a result of the rotation, the workpiece holding jig 260 on the rotary table 201 is conveyed and guided along the conveying path 401 (402, 402) and stopped at the workpiece holding position P.

  In relation to this, the outer peripheral portion of the bottom surface of the cylindrical workpiece support 260a of the workpiece holding jig 260 has a flat sliding surface that is slidably guided on the guide grooves 402a and 402a of the guide rails 402 and 402. While being formed, the cylinder outer diameter of the workpiece support 260a is set to a dimension corresponding to the distance between the side surfaces of the both guide grooves 402a, 402a.

  In addition, the guide rails 402 and 402 constituting the workpiece positioning device 261 are provided with load detection means at positions corresponding to the workpiece holding jig 260 that is positioned and fixed by the positioning stop of the rotary table 201 of the index device 200. A force detection sensor 31 is incorporated.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 17B and 18, the force detection sensor 31 is integrally incorporated at the bottoms of both guide rails 402 and 402. That is, between the bottom surface of both guide rails 402, 402 and the installation floor 303, a plurality of the force detection sensors 31,... Are incorporated in a sandwich shape to form a load detection unit 470. In this embodiment, Three cylindrical force detection sensors 31 are incorporated.

  These three force detection sensors 31, 31, 31 are arranged to detect the axial thrust of the honing tool 1 applied to the workpiece W held by the workpiece holding jig 260. Specifically, FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, in a state where the workpiece holding jig 260 is stopped at the workpiece holding position P, the workpiece W is processed at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction around the processing holes, that is, the insertion holes 263 and 264 of the workpiece holding jig 260. The three force detection sensors 31, 31, 31 can detect the thrust in the axial direction applied from the honing tool 1 to the workpiece W evenly. It is an arrangement configuration. In addition, it is the same as that of other Embodiments 1-5 mentioned above that the preload of the said thrust direction is applied to these force detection sensors 31, 31, and 31 by the appropriate preload provision means.

  Further, in relation to this, as shown in FIGS. 17A and 18, as shown in FIGS. 17A and 18, the upper surface of the guide rails 402, 402 prevents the work support 260 a from being lifted. Plates 471 and 471 are provided, and an annular engagement groove 472 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the work support base 260a so that these lift prevention plates 471 and 471 are slidably engaged in the work transfer direction.

Thus, in the workpiece holding portion P configured as described above, the workpiece holding jig 260 is positioned and fixed by the workpiece positioning device 261. In this positioning and fixing state, honing is performed by the honing tool 1 of the honing machine. In this case, the thrust of the honing grindstones 10, 10,... Acting on the workpiece W is detected and measured by the force detection sensors 31, 31, 31 of the positioning device 261, and the calculation unit of the cutting control unit 32 is used as a detection signal. 32a.
Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  In addition, Embodiment 1-6 mentioned above shows the suitable embodiment of this invention to the last, This invention is not limited to this, A various design change is possible within the range. For example, the following modifications are possible.

  For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the honing processing set value Pb is set to a single constant value, and the honing processing step is configured by one step of a predetermined load (thrust Pb = Pb1) (FIG. 8). According to the purpose, the honing processing set value Pb is composed of a plurality of constant values having different sizes. As shown in FIG. 19, the honing processing step includes a plurality of predetermined loads (thrust Pb = Pb1, Pb2, Pb3). ,..., Pbn).

  The specific configuration of each component 3, 4, 5, 6 or the like of the honing machine or the specific configuration of the work holding jigs 60, 160, 260, 360 is different as long as it has the same function. Also good.

It is a front view which shows the schematic structure of the honing machine of the forced cutting (quantitative) processing system which is Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention in a partial cross section. It is front sectional drawing which expands and shows the grindstone cutting part of the honing machine. It is a top view which shows the workpiece holding jig of the honing machine. It is sectional drawing along the AA in FIG. 3 which similarly shows the workpiece holding jig. It is front sectional drawing which expands and shows the processing state of the internal peripheral surface of the workpiece | work by the honing grindstone of the honing machine. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the cutting control part of the grindstone cutting part of the honing machine. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the apparatus control part of the honing machine. It is a diagram which shows the processing cycle of the honing machine. It is a top view which shows the workpiece holding jig of the honing machine of the forced cutting (quantitative) processing system which is Embodiment 2 which concerns on this invention. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. It is a top view which shows the index apparatus of the forced cutting (quantitative) processing type honing machine which is Embodiment 3 which concerns on this invention. It is front sectional drawing which shows the relationship between the workpiece holding jig and workpiece positioning device in the workpiece holding part of the index apparatus. It is a front sectional view showing the index device of the forced cutting (quantitative) machining type honing machine that is Embodiment 4 according to the present invention and showing the relationship between the workpiece holding jig and the workpiece positioning device in the workpiece holding portion. It is a top view which shows the transfer apparatus of the honing machine of the forced cutting (quantitative) processing system which is Embodiment 4 which concerns on this invention. It is front sectional drawing which shows the relationship between the workpiece holding jig and workpiece positioning device in the workpiece holding part of the transfer apparatus. It is a top view which shows the index apparatus of the honing machine of the forced cutting (quantitative) processing system which is Embodiment 6 which concerns on this invention. FIG. 17A is a front sectional view showing a workpiece holding jig, and FIG. 17B is a front sectional view showing a workpiece positioning device. It is front sectional drawing which shows the relationship between the workpiece holding jig and workpiece positioning device in the workpiece holding part of the index apparatus. It is a diagram which shows the modification example of the processing cycle of the honing machine. It is a schematic diagram which expands and shows the process initial stage state of the internal peripheral surface of a workpiece | work by the honing grindstone of a honing machine.

Explanation of symbols

W Workpiece Wa Workpiece inner peripheral surface Pa Workpiece set value Pb Honing set value Pc Abnormal value 1 Honing tool 2 Rotating spindle 6 Device controller (control means)
10 Honing wheel 10a Grinding wheel surface 11 Cone rod (grinding wheel expansion member)
11a Tip Wedge 30 Cutting Drive Unit (Cutting Drive Means)
31 Force detection sensor (load detection means)
32 Cutting control unit (cutting control means)
35 Grinding wheel extension rod 36 Cutting drive mechanism 37 Stepping motor 52 Position detection sensor 60 Work holding jig 61 Work holding part 62 Load detection part 160 Work holding jig 200 Index device 201 Rotary table 201a Vertical rotating shaft 260 Work holding jig 261 Workpiece Positioning device 265 Work engagement portion 266 Lifting portion 269 Load detection portion 270 Lifting prevention stopper (lifting prevention means 300 transfer device 301 transport path 302 guide rail 302a guide groove 303 support plate 360 workpiece holding jig 361 workpiece positioning device 370 load detection Unit 401 conveying path 402 guide rail 470 load detection unit

Claims (21)

A honing tool provided with a honing grindstone is reciprocated in the axial direction of the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece, and while rotating around the axis, the honing grindstone is subjected to a cutting operation with a constant cutting amount by a mechanical driving means, A method of honing the inner peripheral surface of a workpiece,
Load detection means is provided in a place where there is no influence of noise generated by the operation of the honing tool,
A honing method comprising: measuring a thrust in an axial direction of the honing tool by the load detecting means, and controlling a cutting amount of the honing grindstone according to the measured thrust.   The honing method according to claim 1, wherein the load detection unit is provided at a workpiece holding portion that holds a workpiece.   The honing method according to claim 2, wherein a preload in the thrust direction is applied to the load detection means. The thrust is set in advance for a rapid expansion step of rapidly expanding the honing tool of the honing tool from the start of the cutting operation until the thrust reaches a preset value at the time of workpiece contact, and the cutting amount of the honing wheel A honing process for controlling the honing process so as to be a set value at the time of honing, and a return process for rapidly reducing and returning the honing grindstone when the cutting amount reaches a preset finish dimension setting value. The honing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The honing method according to claim 4, wherein the set value at the time of honing is a single constant value.   The honing method according to claim 4, wherein the set value at the time of honing processing is composed of a plurality of constant values having different sizes.   The abnormality avoiding step of rapidly reducing and returning the honing grindstone when the thrust becomes an abnormal value larger than a preset allowable value is included. Honing method. The honing tool is rapidly fed from the start of the feeding operation until the thrust reaches a preset value, and then the honing tool is rotated and the rapid expansion process is started. The honing method according to claim 4. A honing tool equipped with a honing grindstone is reciprocated in the axial direction of the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece and is provided in a honing machine for honing the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece with the honing grindstone while rotating around the axis. , A device for giving a cutting action to the honing grindstone,
A cutting driving means for mechanically giving a cutting operation with a predetermined cutting amount to the honing grindstone, a load detecting means for detecting an axial thrust of the honing tool, and a detection signal from the load detecting means A cutting control means for driving and controlling the cutting driving means,
The grindstone cutting device for a honing machine, wherein the load detecting means is provided at a location not affected by noise generated by the operation of the honing tool.   The grindstone cutting device for a honing machine according to claim 9, wherein the load detecting means is provided at a work holding portion for holding a workpiece.   The grindstone cutting device for a honing machine according to claim 10, wherein a preload in the thrust direction is applied to the load detection means. The workpiece holding portion is provided with a workpiece holding jig fixedly provided at a vertically lower position of the honing tool,
The workpiece holding jig includes a workpiece holding unit that holds a workpiece, and a load detection unit that is provided below the workpiece holding unit and incorporates the load detection unit.
The honing machine according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the load detecting means is configured to detect an axial thrust of the honing tool applied to a workpiece held by the work holding unit. Grinding wheel cutting device. The work holding part is a work holding jig provided on a rotary table that is rotated by an index, and a work positioning device that is fixedly arranged at a vertically lower position of the honing tool to position and fix the work holding jig. And consists of
The workpiece positioning device includes a workpiece engaging portion that engages with the workpiece holding jig in the workpiece axial direction, and a lifting portion that incorporates the load detection means and moves the workpiece engaging portion up and down. ,
11. The honing machine according to claim 10, wherein the load detecting unit is configured to detect an axial thrust of the honing tool applied to a workpiece held by the workpiece holding jig. Whetstone cutting device. The work holding part is a work holding jig provided on a rotary table that is rotated by an index, and a work positioning device that is fixedly arranged at a vertically lower position of the honing tool to position and fix the work holding jig. And consists of
On the rotary table, a lifting prevention means for preventing the workpiece holding jig from lifting is provided,
The workpiece positioning device includes an elevating unit in which the load detection unit is incorporated and is supported and engaged in contact with the workpiece holding jig from below.
11. The honing machine according to claim 10, wherein the load detecting unit is configured to detect an axial thrust of the honing tool applied to a workpiece held by the workpiece holding jig. Whetstone cutting device. The workpiece holding part is provided with a workpiece holding jig that is movable on the conveyance path, and a workpiece positioning device that is provided at a vertically lower position of the honing tool in the conveyance path to position and fix the workpiece holding jig. Consisting of
The workpiece positioning device is incorporated in a positioning mechanism that positions and fixes movement of the workpiece holding jig on the conveyance path, and a portion of the conveyance path corresponding to the workpiece holding jig that is positioned and fixed by the positioning mechanism. Comprising the load detecting means,
11. The honing machine according to claim 10, wherein the load detection unit is configured to detect an axial thrust of the honing tool applied to a workpiece held by the workpiece holding jig. Whetstone cutting device. The work holding part is a work holding jig provided on a rotary table that is rotated by an index, and a work positioning device that is fixedly arranged at a vertically lower position of the honing tool to position and fix the work holding jig. And consists of
The workpiece positioning device is in the form of a conveyance path that conveys and guides the workpiece holding jig, and the load detection incorporated in a portion of the conveyance path corresponding to the workpiece holding jig positioned and fixed on the conveyance path. Means and
11. The honing machine according to claim 10, wherein the load detection unit is configured to detect an axial thrust of the honing tool applied to a workpiece held by the workpiece holding jig. Whetstone cutting device. The honing machine according to claim 9, wherein the cutting control means is configured to execute a honing grindstone cutting operation in the honing processing method according to any one of claims 4 to 8. Grinding wheel cutting device.   The incision driving means includes a grindstone expansion rod provided in a shaft hole of the main spindle of the honing machine so as to be movable in the axial direction, an incision driving mechanism for moving the grindstone expansion rod in the axial direction, and the honing tool The grindstone cutting device for a honing machine according to claim 9, further comprising a grindstone extending member that is provided on the grindstone and expands the honing grindstone by moving the grindstone expanding rod in the axial direction.   The cutting drive mechanism includes a drive screw shaft member supported on a slide body that supports the rotation main shaft in a manner that the drive screw shaft member is rotatably and parallel to the rotation main shaft, and the drive screw shaft member includes the grindstone expansion rod and The grindstone cutting device for a honing machine according to claim 18, wherein the integrally connected followers are engaged so as to be able to advance and retract. A rotary spindle that is reciprocally movable in the axial direction of the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece and is rotatably supported around the axis;
A spindle rotating means for driving the rotating spindle to rotate around the axis;
A main shaft reciprocating means for reciprocating the rotation main shaft in the axial direction of the inner peripheral surface;
A honing tool that is attached to the tip of the rotary spindle and includes a honing grindstone that has a grindstone surface along the inner peripheral surface so as to be able to expand and contract,
Grinding wheel cutting means for giving a predetermined cutting operation to the honing wheel of the honing tool;
Control means for automatically controlling the operations of the spindle rotating means, spindle reciprocating means and grindstone cutting means in conjunction with each other;
A honing machine, wherein the grinding wheel cutting means is constituted by the grinding wheel cutting device according to any one of claims 9 to 19. The control means automatically controls the operations of the spindle rotating means, the spindle reciprocating means, and the grindstone cutting means in conjunction with each other to execute the honing method according to any one of claims 4 to 8. The honing machine according to claim 20, wherein the honing machine is configured as follows.

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