JP2021038557A - Wooden stair construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a wooden stair construction method with which step boards etc. can be attached from the front side of the stairs.SOLUTION: Of a wedge material 20, the thickness dimension of the side part 21 on one side extending in the longitudinal direction is smaller than the opposite side, using a wedge-shaped cross section that is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction, lateral grooves 41 of side plates 40A, 40B are formed in a shape and size so that the wedge material 20 can be fitted to the lower side of the step plates 10 with their ends in a fitted state, after fixing the pair of side plates 40A, 40B respectively to two facing walls of a staircase, both ends of the step plates 10 are fitted into the lateral grooves 41 of the side plates 40A, 40B, and in the lower space inside the lateral grooves 41, the wedge material 20 is pushed in along the longitudinal direction of the step plates 10 and inserted, and the step plates 10 are fixed to the side plates 40A, 40B.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

The present invention relates to a method of constructing a wooden staircase in a wooden house or the like, and more particularly to a method of performing a staircase to which a step board (tread board) or the like can be attached from the front side of the staircase.

As a method of constructing a wooden staircase in a wooden house (a detached house or an apartment house, etc.), a pair of side plates are fixed to two opposite wall surfaces of the staircase, and a horizontal groove and a vertical groove formed in advance on the side plates are used. A method of fitting and fixing both ends of a step plate and a riser plate is widely practiced. In such a method of constructing stairs, the work of attaching the step plate and the riser plate is usually performed from the back side of the stairs.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the step plate 50 is held in a horizontal state and slid from the back side to the front side of the stairs so that both ends of the step plate 50 enter the lateral groove 81 of the side plate 80. Then, the wedge material 60 is similarly slid from the back side to the front side of the stairs, and strongly pushed into the triangular area between the bottom surface of the inclined horizontal groove 81 and the back surface of the step plate 50 to push the step plate 50 into the side plate. It is fixed to the 80, and the riser plate 70 is held in a vertical state and slid upward from the back side of the stairs so that both ends of the riser plate 70 enter the vertical groove 82 of the side plate 80. The work of letting and fixing is carried out.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-137570

However, for structural reasons, it may be difficult to attach a step plate or the like from the back side of the stairs. For example, in a two-story wooden apartment building, it is necessary to form a boundary wall behind the indoor stairs for the second-floor dwelling to separate it from the first-floor dwelling.

An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a wooden staircase to which a step board or the like can be attached from the front side of the staircase.

The present invention uses a step plate, a pair of side plates having horizontal grooves formed to fit and support the end portions of the step plates, and a wedge material for fixing the step plates to the side plates. A method of constructing a wooden staircase, in which the thickness dimension of one side extending in the longitudinal direction is set smaller than that of the opposite side as a wedge material, and the contour of the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is set. The shape is wedge-shaped, and the horizontal groove of the side plate is formed in a shape and size that allows the wedge material to be fitted to the lower side of the side plate with the end of the step plate fitted. After fixing the pair of side plates to the two facing wall surfaces of the staircase, tilt the step plate downward from either the left or right end, and between the front side of the stairs and the opposite side plates. With the end of the step plate tilted downwards inserted into the side plate to the depth of the lateral groove of the corresponding side plate, the opposite end is rotated downward to make it horizontal. Both ends are fitted into each horizontal groove of the side plate, and the wedge material is pushed along the longitudinal direction of the step plate into the space below the horizontal groove of the side plate in the state where the ends of the step plate are fitted. It is characterized by being inserted and fixing the step plate to the side plate.

In this construction method, the depth dimension of at least one of the lateral grooves of the pair of side plates is set to be larger than the difference between the width dimension of the step plate and the spacing dimension of the pair of side plates, or the same dimension. It is preferable that it is.

Further, as the step plate, a plate having a downward ridge portion protruding downward from the lower surface of the nose portion and an upward ridge portion protruding upward from the upper surface of the rear end portion is used. , As the side plate, one having a vertical groove for fitting and holding the side edge of the riser plate is used, and after fixing the step plate to the side plate, the upper edge of the riser plate is set on the upper side. Fit in the first fitting groove of the step plate, fit the lower edge in the second fitting groove of the lower step plate, and fit the left and right side edges in the vertical groove of the pair of side plates. Therefore, it is preferable to attach the riser plate between the upper and lower step plates.

Further, the riser plate is composed of two base plates and a decorative plate, and the base plate has a height dimension larger than the space dimension between the upper and lower step plates, and the width dimension of the two base plates. The total value of is set larger than the distance dimension of the pair of side plates, and the depth dimension of at least one of the vertical grooves of the pair of side plates is the total value of the width dimensions of the two base plates and the distance between the pair of side plates. It is preferable that the dimensions are larger than the difference from the dimensions or are set to the same dimensions.

Further, as a step plate, a first fitting groove for fitting the upper edge of the riser plate is formed on the lower surface of the nose portion, and the lower edge of the riser plate is fitted on the upper surface of the rear end portion. For the stairs, use the one with the second fitting groove formed for it, and tilt one of the two base plates so that the upper edge is on the back side and the lower edge is on the front side. From the front side, insert it between the upper step plate and the lower step plate, insert the upper edge into the depth of the first fitting groove of the upper step plate, and rotate the lower edge to the back side from this state. In a vertical state, the lower edge is fitted into the second fitting groove of the lower step plate, the base plate is slid to the left or right side, and one side edge is inserted deep into the vertical groove of the side plate. , Attach the other base plate to the empty space next to it in the same way, adjust the positions of the two base plates, and then use fixing means to attach the upper edge of those base plates to the upper stage. It is preferable to fix the lower edge portion to the downward ridge portion of the plate, fix the lower edge portion to the upward ridge portion of the lower step plate, and attach the decorative plate to the surface of the fixed base plate.

According to the method for constructing a wooden staircase according to the present invention, the work of attaching the step board, the wedge material, and the riser board constituting the wooden staircase can be performed from the front side of the staircase. For example, in a two-story wooden apartment building, if it is necessary to form a boundary wall behind the indoor stairs for the second-floor residence to separate it from the first-floor residence, install a step board or the like to install the stairs. After completion, it is difficult to form a boundary wall behind the stairs. Therefore, as the construction order, the boundary wall is formed first, and then the step plate or the like is attached.

In this case, the step plate or the like must be attached from the front side of the stairs, but in the conventional method, the step plate or the like cannot be attached from the front side of the stairs. As described above, the method for constructing a wooden staircase according to the present invention can be preferably applied when a step board or the like can be attached from the front side of the stairs and therefore a boundary wall is formed on the back side of the stairs. ..

FIG. 1 is a perspective view and a cross-sectional view (vertical cross-sectional view orthogonal to the longitudinal direction) of the step plate 10 used in the method for constructing stairs according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view and a cross-sectional view (vertical cross-sectional view orthogonal to the longitudinal direction) of the wedge member 20 used in the staircase construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the riser plate 30 used in the staircase construction method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the side plate 40 used in the method of constructing the stairs according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a method of constructing stairs according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of a method of constructing stairs according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a method of constructing stairs according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a conventional staircase construction method.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the staircase construction method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 4 are views showing a step plate 10, a wedge material 20, a riser plate 30, and a side plate 40 used in the method for constructing stairs according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the step plate 10 is first fitted to the lower surface of the nose portion 12 to fit the upper edge of the riser plate (not shown) arranged on the lower side of the step plate 10. A joint groove 13 is formed. Further, on the inner side of the first fitting groove 13, a downward ridge portion 14 projecting downward from the lower surface of the main body 11 is formed. Further, on the upper surface of the rear end portion of the step plate 10 (behind the rear end edge 15 of the main body 11), the lower edge of the riser plate 30 arranged on the upper side of the step plate 10 is fitted. Two fitting grooves 17 are formed. Further, an upward ridge portion 16 projecting upward is formed on the inner side of the second fitting groove 17. The downward ridge portion 14 and the upward ridge portion 16 function as a base material for fixing the riser plate 30.

The wedge material 20 has a wedge shape having a uniform cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (at any position in the longitudinal direction, the contour shape of the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is a wedge shape having the same shape and size. ), As shown in FIG. 2, the thickness dimension of the side portion 21 on one side extending in the longitudinal direction is smaller than that of the side portion 22 on the opposite side. Further, the wedge material 20 is provided with a pilot hole 23 for a screw penetrating between the side portions 21 and 22. The prepared hole 23 is formed so as to incline upward from the side portion 22 having a large thickness dimension toward the side portion 21 having a small thickness dimension.

As shown in FIG. 3, the riser plate 30 is composed of two base plates 31 and 32 and a decorative plate 33. The width of each of the base plates 31 and 32 is set to about half the size of the step plate 10 (see FIG. 1), and the thickness is set to the first fitting groove 13 and the second fitting of the step plate 10. The dimensions are set so that they can be fitted into the groove 17 (see FIG. 1).

As shown in FIG. 4, the side plate 40 has a horizontal groove 41 for fitting and supporting the end portion of the step plate 10 and a vertical groove for fitting and holding the side edge of the riser plate 30. 42 are each formed at a depth of about 1/3 of the plate thickness dimension. The lateral groove 41 has a shape and a size that allows the wedge member 20 to be fitted to the lower side of the step plate 10 with the end portion fitted to the step plate 10.

In the conventional method of constructing stairs, as shown in FIG. 8, the step plate 50, the wedge material 60, and the riser plate 70 are attached to the side plate 80 fixed to the wall surface of the staircase from the back side of the stairs. However, in the method of constructing the stairs according to the present embodiment, the step plate 10, the wedge material 20, and the riser plate 30 can be attached from the front side of the stairs.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, after fixing the pair of side plates 40A and 40B to the two facing wall surfaces of the staircase, the step plate 10 is placed downward on either the left or right end portion. It is tilted to the side and inserted between the side plates 40A and 40B facing each other from the front side of the stairs, and both ends of the step plate 10 are fitted into the lateral grooves 41 of the side plates 40A and 40B.

Since both ends of the step plate 10 are supported in a state of being fitted in the horizontal grooves 41 of the pair of side plates 40A and 40B fixed to the wall surface, the width dimension of the step plate 10 is the side plate 40A, Since the lateral grooves 41 of the side plates 40A and 40B are not opened on the front side of the stairs where it is necessary to set the distance dimension larger than the interval dimension of 40B, when the step plate 10 is held horizontally, the side plates are from the front side of the stairs. Although it is not possible to enter the area between 40A and 40B, as shown in FIG. 5, by tilting the step plate 10 in either the left or right direction, the area between the side plates 40A and 40B can be entered from the front side of the stairs. You can enter without problems.

Further, since the horizontal groove 41 is set to a sufficient depth dimension in relation to the horizontal width dimension of the step plate 10 (that is, at least one of the horizontal grooves 41 of the side plates 40A and 40B has a depth dimension of the step plate 10). The end of the step plate 10 tilted downward is provided with a sufficient depth dimension, which is larger than the difference between the horizontal width dimension and the spacing dimension of the side plates 40A and 40B, or because they are set to the same dimension. By rotating the end portion on the opposite side downward while the lateral groove 41 having the above-mentioned surface is pushed all the way in, interference with the side plate 40 on the opposite side is avoided and the step plate 10 is brought into a horizontal state. Therefore, both ends of the step plate 10 can be fitted into the horizontal grooves 41 of the side plates 40A and 40B.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the wedge material 20 is attached to the lower space in each of the lateral grooves 41 of the side plates 40A and 40B to which both ends of the step plate 10 are fitted. At this time, the wedge material 20 is inserted into the lateral groove 41 so that the side portion 21 having a small thickness dimension is on the back side, and the screw (not shown) inserted into the prepared hole 23 is inserted into the side plate. Drive into 40A and 40B to fix.

In the conventional construction method, as shown in FIG. 8, the wedge material 60 is pushed from the back side to the front side of the stairs (from the rear end edge 55 side of the step plate 50 to the step nose 52 side). Since it was inserted into the lateral groove 81, the operator had to perform the work from the back side of the stairs, but in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the wedge material 20 is inserted in the longitudinal direction of the step plate 10. It is pushed along (from the direction perpendicular to the side surface of the side plate 40) and inserted into the lateral groove 41. Therefore, the operator can perform the work of attaching the wedge material 20 from the front side of the stairs.

After attaching and fixing the step plate 10 and the wedge member 20 to the side plates 40A and 40B, the riser plate 30 (see FIG. 3) is attached between the step plates 10. First, of the two base plates 31 and 32 constituting the riser plate 30, one of the base plates 31 is a step plate 10A on the upper stage side and a step plate 10B on the lower stage side as shown in FIG. 7 (1). Install between.

Specifically, the base plate 31 is slightly tilted so that the upper edge is on the back side and the lower edge is on the front side, and is between the front side of the stairs and the step plate 10A on the upper step side and the step board 10B on the lower step side. Insert and insert the upper edge of the base plate 31 into the depth of the first fitting groove 13 on the lower side of the nose of the upper step plate 10A, and from this state, rotate the lower edge of the base plate 31 to the back side. The base plate 31 is brought into a vertical state, and the lower edge of the base plate 31 is fitted into the second fitting groove 17 at the rear end of the lower step plate 10B. Then, the base plate 31 is slid to the left side so that one side edge of the base plate 31 enters the innermost part of the vertical groove 42 of the side plate 40A, and the state is as shown in FIG. 7 (2).

Next, the other base plate 32 is attached to the empty space next to the base plate 31 shown in FIG. 7 (2) in the same manner. Subsequently, the positions of the base plates 31 and 32 are adjusted, and as shown in FIG. 7 (3), the screw 34 is driven in from the surface side (or using other fixing means such as a nail) to drive the base plate. The upper edges of 31 and 32 are fixed to the downward convex strip 14 (see FIG. 7 (2)) of the upper step plate 10A, and the lower edges of the base plates 31 and 32 are fixed to the lower step plate 10B. It is fixed to the upward ridge portion 16 (see FIG. 7 (2)). Finally, on the surfaces of the fixed base plates 31 and 32, the decorative plates 33 shown in FIG. 3 (having the same height dimension as the spacing dimension of the upper and lower step plates 10A and 10B, and the left and right side plates 40A and 40B have the same height dimension. (Has the same width dimension as the spacing dimension) is pasted.

The riser plate 30 has an upper edge and a lower edge fitted in the first fitting groove 13 of the upper step plate 10A and the second fitting groove 17 of the lower step plate 10B, respectively, and the side plate. Since the left and right side edges are held in the vertical grooves 42 of 40A and 40B in a fitted state, the height dimension is larger than the spacing dimension of the upper and lower step plates 10A and 10B, and It is necessary to have a width dimension larger than the distance dimension between the left and right side plates 40A and 40B. Therefore, when the riser plate 30 is configured as a single plate, it cannot be inserted into the space between the step plates 10A and 10B and between the side plates 40A and 40B simply by tilting in either direction.

In the present embodiment, a plate having a height dimension larger than the space dimension between the upper and lower step plates 10A and 10B and a width dimension larger than the space dimension between the left and right side plates 40A and 40B is divided into left and right. However, this is used as the base plates 31 and 32 of the riser plate 30, and the vertical groove 42 has a sufficient depth dimension in relation to the width dimension (total value) of the base plates 31 and 32. The depth dimension of at least one of the vertical grooves 42 of the side plates 40A and 40B is set (that is, the depth dimension of at least one of the vertical grooves 42 of the side plates 40A and 40B is larger than the difference between the width dimension (total value) of the base plates 31 and 32 and the spacing dimension of the side plates 40A and 40B. Larger dimensions or set to the same dimensions).

Therefore, by moving the base plate 31 attached earlier to the end and allowing it to penetrate deep into the vertical groove 42 having a sufficient depth dimension, the other side plate 40B on the opposite side of the base plate 31 is inserted. It is possible to secure an opening dimension larger than the width dimension of the base plate 32 of the above, and the base plate 32 can be attached without any problem. Then, after the base plates 31 and 32 are attached, the positions in the left-right direction are appropriately adjusted so that no gap is formed between the two, and the outer side edges of the base plates 31 and 32 are the side plates 40A and 40B. It is possible to realize a state in which each of the vertical grooves 42 is fitted.

As described above, according to the method of constructing the stairs according to the present embodiment, the step plate 10, the wedge material 20, and the riser plate 30 can be attached from the front side of the stairs. By applying the construction method according to the present embodiment to the entire stairs, all the stairs, wedges, and risers constituting the stairs can be attached from the front side of the stairs. However, if necessary (for example, limited to stairs that cannot be attached from the back side of the stairs for structural reasons), the construction method according to this embodiment is partially applied to one staircase. However, some steps, wedges, and risers can be attached from the front side of the stairs, and other steps can be attached from the back side of the stairs by the conventional method.

In the above embodiment, the riser plate 30 is composed of two base plates 31 and 32 and a decorative plate 33, but the riser plate can also be composed of one plate ( Not shown). In this case, the height dimension of the riser plate is set to the same dimension as the distance between the upper and lower step plates 10A and 10B, and the width dimension is slightly smaller than the distance between the left and right side plates 40A and 40B (for example, about 12 to 20 mm). ) Set a large dimension, and set a small thickness dimension (for example, about 5 to 6 mm) so that flexibility can be obtained.

Then, the left and right side edges are bent in an arc shape so that the left and right side edges are on the back side and the vicinity of the center portion is on the front side, and the left and right side edges are fitted and attached into the vertical grooves 42 of the side plates 40A and 40B. Finally, a hidden nail is driven in from the surface side of the riser plate (or using other fixing means) to fix the upper edge portion to the downward ridge portion 14 of the upper step plate 10A, and lower. The edge portion is fixed to the upward convex strip portion 16 of the lower step plate 10B.

When the height dimension of the riser plate is set to the same dimension as the distance between the upper and lower step plates 10A and 10B, when mounting, the lower edge of the riser plate is set to the rear end of the lower step plate 10B. When fitted in the second fitting groove 17 (see FIG. 1) formed on the upper surface of the portion, a gap is formed between the upper edge of the riser plate and the nose portion 12 of the upper step plate 10A. Therefore, when using the step plate 10 having the second fitting groove 17 as shown in FIG. 1, a filling material is attached to fill the second fitting groove 17 (with the upper surface of the main body 11). It is preferable to use the same height), or it is preferable to use a step plate on which the second fitting groove 17 is not formed.

10, 10A, 10B, 50: Step board,
11: Body,
12, 52: Nose,
13: First fitting groove,
14: Downward ridge,
15,55: trailing edge,
16: Upward ridge,
17: Second fitting groove,
20, 60: Wedge material,
21 and 22: Side,
23: Pilot hole,
30, 70: riser board,
31, 32: Base plate,
33: Veneer,
34: Bis,
40, 40A, 40B, 80: Side plate,
41, 81: Horizontal groove,
42, 82: Vertical groove

Claims (5)

A wooden staircase is constructed using a step plate, a pair of side plates having horizontal grooves formed to fit and support the ends of the step plates, and a wedge material for fixing the step plates to the side plates. How to do
Use a wedge material in which the thickness dimension of one side extending in the longitudinal direction is set smaller than that of the opposite side, and the contour shape of the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is wedge-shaped. ,
The lateral groove of the side plate is formed in a shape and size that allows the wedge material to be fitted to the lower side of the step plate in a state where the end portion of the step plate is fitted.
After fixing the pair of side plates to the two opposite wall surfaces of the staircase, insert the step plate between the opposite side plates from the front side of the stairs by tilting one of the left and right ends downward. ,
With the end of the step plate tilted downward to the depth of the lateral groove of the corresponding side plate, rotate the end on the opposite side downward to make it horizontal, and both ends of the step plate are placed. Fit in each horizontal groove of the side plate,
It is characterized by inserting a wedge material into the lower space in the lateral groove of the side plate with the end of the step plate fitted along the longitudinal direction of the step plate, and fixing the step plate to the side plate. Construction method of wooden stairs. The depth dimension of at least one of the lateral grooves of the pair of side plates is set to be larger than the difference between the width dimension of the step plate and the spacing dimension of the pair of side plates, or the same dimension. , The method for constructing a wooden staircase according to claim 1. As the step plate, a downward ridge portion protruding downward from the lower surface of the nose portion is formed, and an upward ridge portion protruding upward from the upper surface of the rear end portion is formed.
As the side plate, one having a vertical groove for fitting and holding the side edge of the riser plate is used.
After fixing the step plate to the side plate, the upper edge of the riser plate is fitted into the first fitting groove of the upper step plate, and the lower edge is fitted into the second fitting groove of the lower step plate. The wooden staircase according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the left and right side edges are fitted into the vertical grooves of the pair of side plates, and the riser plate is attached between the upper and lower step plates. Construction method. The riser board is composed of two base boards and a decorative board.
The base plate has a height dimension that is larger than the distance dimension between the upper and lower step plates.
The total width of the two base plates is set to be larger than the distance between the pair of side plates.
The depth dimension of at least one of the vertical grooves of the pair of side plates is set to be larger than the difference between the total width dimension of the two base plates and the distance dimension of the pair of side plates, or the same dimension. The method for constructing a wooden staircase according to claim 3, wherein the wooden stairs are constructed. As a step plate, a first fitting groove for fitting the upper edge of the riser plate is formed on the lower surface of the nose portion, and a lower edge of the riser plate is fitted on the upper surface of the rear end portion. Use the one with the second fitting groove formed,
Tilt one of the two base plates so that the upper edge is on the back side and the lower edge is on the front side, and insert it from the front side of the stairs between the upper and lower steps. The upper edge is advanced to the depth of the first fitting groove of the upper step plate, and from this state, the lower edge is rotated to the back side to make it a vertical state, and the lower edge is the second fitting of the lower step plate. Fit into the groove, slide the base plate to the left or right, and let one side edge penetrate deep into the vertical groove of the side plate.
Attach the other base plate to the empty space next to it in the same way,
After adjusting the positions of the two base plates, the upper edges of the base plates are fixed to the downward ridges of the upper step plate by the fixing means, and the lower edge portion is upward of the lower step plate. Fixed to the convex part,
The method for constructing a wooden staircase according to claim 4, wherein a decorative board is attached to the surface of the fixed base board.

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