JP2021032699A - Method for evaluating water blocking property of waterproof sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a method for evaluating the water blocking property of a waterproof sheet that can check the presence or absence of water leakage around a nail in a short time.SOLUTION: The method for evaluating the water blocking property of a waterproof sheet 20 includes: a nailing step S12 of putting a staple nail 22 into a waterproof sheet 20 for a building from a surface 20A side; a water pressure resistance step S14 for bringing water into contact with the waterproof sheet 20 with the staple nail 22 in the sheet from a surface 20A side of the sheet with an n-th water pressure; and a checking step S15 for checking the presence or absence of a water droplet around the staple nail 22 in a back surface 20B of the waterproof sheet 20 in contact with the water with the n-th water pressure.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a method for evaluating the waterproofness of a tarpaulin.

Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a method for confirming water stoppage around a nail hole of an underlaying material used for a roofing base. Non-Patent Document 2 discloses a method for confirming water stoppage around a nail hole of a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet used for moisture permeability, waterproofing, windproofing, etc. on an outer wall and a roof. These confirmation methods include a step of placing a vinyl chloride pipe or a transparent acrylic resin pipe with an inner diameter of about 40 mm on the test piece to seal the surroundings, and after the seal is cured, water is poured into the pipe to a predetermined height for 24 hours. It is provided with a process of standing still.

In the method of Non-Patent Document 1, water is put in the pipe and allowed to stand for 24 hours, and then the presence or absence of water leakage around the nail hole is confirmed. Leakage is mainly confirmed in each gap between the test piece and each member stacked under the test piece. If no water leakage is observed, remove the water in the pipe, leave it to stand for another 24 hours, and check for wet traces around the nail holes of each member stacked under the test piece.

In the method of Non-Patent Document 2, the difference between the water level when water is added and the water level after standing for 24 hours is obtained. If the water level after standing for 24 hours is below a certain level, the result is not used.

ARK 04S-03: 2006 "Modified Asphalt Roofing Underlaying Material", published by Asphalt Roofing Industry Association JIS A 6111: 2016 "Moisture Permeable Waterproof Sheet", issued by Japanese Industrial Standards

In the method for confirming the presence or absence of water leakage around the nail hole described in Non-Patent Document 1, it is difficult to visually confirm a slight water leakage, for example, after standing for about 1 to 2 hours. Therefore, it is necessary to allow the test piece to stand for a long time of 24 hours or more in order to confirm a slight water leakage. In the method for obtaining the difference in water level described in Non-Patent Document 2, when the test time is, for example, 1 or 2 hours, the error in the required water level becomes large, so that a standing time of about 24 hours is required. ..

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the water-stopping property of a tarpaulin, which can confirm the presence or absence of water leakage around a nail in a short time.

(1) The method for evaluating the water-stopping property of the tarpaulin according to the present invention is the first step of striking a tarpaulin on a building waterproof sheet from the surface side and from the surface side of the tarpaulin to which the stapling nail is striking. It includes a second step of bringing water into contact with the first water pressure and a third step of confirming the presence or absence of water droplets around the staple nail on the back surface side of the waterproof sheet with which the water of the first water pressure is in contact. ..

Since water droplets can be confirmed on the back surface side of the waterproof sheet in contact with water of the first water pressure, the presence or absence of water leakage around the nail hole can be confirmed in a short time.

(2) Preferably, on the condition that no water droplets are confirmed on the back surface side of the waterproof sheet in contact with water having the nth water pressure (where n represents an integer of 1 or more), the above-mentioned first. On the condition that water droplets are confirmed on the step of contacting water from the front surface side of the waterproof sheet at the n + 1 water pressure larger than the n water pressure and on the back surface side of the waterproof sheet in contact with the water of the nth water pressure. , The step of recording the value of the n-1st water pressure or the nth water pressure together with the waterproof sheet is further included.

If no water droplets are found around the nail hole, increase the water pressure until the water droplets are confirmed, and record the water pressure value just before the water droplets are confirmed or when the water droplets are confirmed. The water stoppage of the sheets can be compared by the value of the water pressure immediately before the water droplets are confirmed or when the water droplets are confirmed.

(3) Preferably, the waterproof sheet to which the staple nail is struck in the first step is the above-mentioned waterproof sheet on the upper surface of a support plate having a plurality of marks indicating mounting positions on the upper surface, with the surface side facing up. After the waterproof sheet is placed and the staple nail is struck on the waterproof sheet placed on the support plate, the waterproof sheet is separated from the support plate together with the staple nail.

By providing marks on the upper surface of the support plate indicating a plurality of mounting positions of the waterproof sheets, when stacking the second and subsequent waterproof sheets on the support plate, the operator stacks them at a position different from the previously stacked positions. be able to. As a result, when striking the staple nails on the second and subsequent waterproof sheets, it is possible to use a portion where there is no hole generated by striking the staple nails as a point for striking the staple nails. When staple nails are struck on a plurality of tarpaulins, each tarpaulin is supported by a support plate at a point where it is pierced by the legs of the staple nails. Since the penetration state around the nail hole of each tarpaulin on which the staple nail is struck is constant, the evaluation result of water stoppage is stable.

(4) Preferably, the support plate has a foam material and a flat plate which is laminated on the foam material to form the upper surface, and in the first step, the staple nail penetrates the flat plate. To do.

Since the upper surface of the support plate is a flat plate, the staple nails can be stably driven onto the waterproof sheet supported by the flat plate. Since a part of the support plate is made of foam material, it is easy to remove the staple nails that have been driven in from the support plate.

(5) Preferably, the step of exposing the waterproof sheet to the external environment is further included before the second step.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for evaluating the water stoppage of a tarpaulin, which can confirm the presence or absence of water leakage around a nail in a short time.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a method 10 for evaluating the waterproofness of the tarpaulin 20 according to the embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which the staple nail 22 is struck on the waterproof sheet 20 according to the embodiment. FIG. 3 (A) is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which the staple nail 22 is struck on the waterproof sheet 20 according to the embodiment, and FIG. 3 (B) shows the waterproof sheet 20 together with the staple nail 22 from the support plate 23. It is a partial cross-sectional view which shows the state which is separated. FIG. 4A is a schematic view in which the water of the first water pressure 31 comes into contact with the waterproof sheet 20 according to the embodiment, and FIG. 4B is a water droplet 32 from around the nail hole of the waterproof sheet 20 according to the embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state in which. FIG. 5 is a graph in which the value of water pressure when water droplets 32 are confirmed around the nail holes of the waterproof sheet 20 according to the embodiment is recorded together with the waterproof sheet 20.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. It goes without saying that the embodiments described below are merely examples of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention can be appropriately changed without changing the gist of the present invention. Further, in the following description, the vertical direction 7 is defined with reference to the state in which the waterproof sheet 20 is placed on the support plate 23 (the state in FIG. 2).

[Waterproof sheet 20]
The waterproof sheet 20 is a so-called roofing material that is attached to a field board on the roof of a house for the purpose of waterproofing. Specific examples of the waterproof sheet 20 include asphalt roofing, modified asphalt roofing, and a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet for roofs, which are known. Each of the waterproof sheets 20 is processed into a square having a size of about 150 mm square to be a test piece, for example.

[Staple nail 22]
The staple nail 22 is used to attach the waterproof sheet 20 to the field board in the construction of the roof of a house. In the present embodiment, in order to evaluate the water-stopping property of the waterproof sheet 20 in the construction state, staple nails 22 used in the construction of the roof of a house are prepared. The staple nail 22 may be a known one, but for example, it has a U-shape, the length of the legs is 10 mm, the width between the legs is 16 mm, and the width / thickness of the wire rod is 1.6 mm. -1.4 mm. The staple nail 22 is driven into the waterproof sheet 20 or the like by a known staple nailing machine.

[Support plate 23]
The support plate 23 supports the waterproof sheet 20 into which the staple nails 22 are driven. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the support plate 23 has a foamed plastic-based foaming material 24 and a flat plate 25 laminated on the foaming material 24 to form the upper surface 23A. The thickness of the support plate 23 along the vertical direction 7 is thicker than the length of the legs of the staple nail 22.

The foam material 24 supports the flat plate 25. The foaming material 24 may be any known material, and is made of, for example, a foamed thermoplastic resin. The foam material 24 is thicker than the flat plate 25 in the vertical direction 7.

The flat plate 25 transmits the pressure received by the waterproof sheet 20 to the foam material 24. The material of the flat plate 25 is not particularly limited to metal, wood, or the like, but for example, a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin is adopted. The thickness of the flat plate 25 along the vertical direction 7 is thinner than the length of the legs of the staple nails 22. The flat plate 25 has a bending rigidity that does not locally bend when the staple nail 22 is struck on the waterproof sheet 20. The legs of the staple nails 22 penetrate the flat plate 25 when they are struck against the waterproof sheet 20 from the surface 20A side.

As shown in FIG. 2, the flat plate 25 has squares 26 indicating a plurality of mounting positions of the waterproof sheet 20. The squares 26 are printed on, for example, the flat plate 25. The size of each side constituting one box is longer than the distance between the legs of the staple nails 22, for example, 30 mm. The square 26 is an example of a mark.

[Testing machine 30]
The testing machine 30 brings water of controlled water pressure into contact with the waterproof sheet 20. As schematically shown in FIG. 4, the testing machine 30 includes a pump 30A, a water pressure sensor 30B, a control device 30C, and a gripping device 30D. The pump 30A generates a predetermined water pressure in a closed space in which water is stored in the testing machine 30. The water pressure sensor 30B outputs an electric signal corresponding to the water pressure detected in the closed space of the testing machine 30. The control device 30C controls the operation of the pump 30A based on the output signal of the water pressure sensor 30B so that the closed space of the testing machine 30 becomes a preset water pressure. The gripping device 30D fixes the test piece of the waterproof sheet 20 so that the surface 20A of the test piece of the waterproof sheet 20 partitions a part of the closed space of the testing machine 30. The back surface of the test piece of the waterproof sheet 20 fixed to the gripping device 30D is exposed to the outside so that water droplets can be visually confirmed. As such a testing machine 30, for example, WP-1000K manufactured by Daiei Kagaku Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd. is used.

[External environment]
The external environment is, for example, an outdoor environment or an environment inside an artificially provided incubator or the like. In an outdoor environment, the waterproof sheet 20 is exposed to direct sunlight, wind, dust, rainwater, and the like. The waterproof sheet 20 is exposed to an environment adjusted to a predetermined temperature and a predetermined humidity in the incubator. The period during which the waterproof sheet 20 is exposed to the external environment is not particularly limited, but is, for example, about 2 to 10 months.

[Evaluation method of waterproofness of the waterproof sheet 20 according to the embodiment]
The method 10 for evaluating the waterproofness of the waterproof sheet 20 according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

As shown in FIG. 1, the evaluation method 10 includes a deterioration step S11, a nailing step S12, a fixing step S13, a water pressure resistant step S14, a confirmation step S15, a recording step S17, and an nth water pressure. A step S18 in which a larger n + 1 water pressure is obtained is provided. In this construction method, the deterioration step S11, the nailing step S12, the fixing step S13, the water pressure resistant step S14, and the confirmation step S15 are always executed in order, and as described in detail below, the water pressure resistant step S14 and the confirmation step S15 are performed. May be repeated.

The deterioration step S11 is a step of exposing the waterproof sheet 20 to the external environment for a predetermined period of time. In this embodiment, the tarpaulin 20 is exposed to an environment adjusted to 80 degrees for 140 days by an incubator.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3A, the nailing step S12 is a step of driving the staple nails 22 onto the waterproof sheet 20 from the surface 20A side. The waterproof sheet 20 is placed on the upper surface 23A of the support plate 23 with the surface 20A side facing up. The support plate 23 is placed on, for example, a table (not shown). The nailing step S12 is an example of the first step.

Staple nails 22 are struck from the surface 20A side of the waterproof sheet 20 placed on the support plate 23. The two legs of the staple nails 22 struck on the waterproof sheet 20 penetrate the waterproof sheet 20 and the flat plate 25 of the support plate 23 and penetrate into the foam material 24.

The waterproof sheet 20 to which the staple nails 22 are struck is separated from the support plate 23 together with the staple nails 22 as shown in FIG. 3 (B). By pulling out the staple nail 22 from the support plate 23, a hole corresponding to the outer shape of the leg of the staple nail 22 remains in the support plate 23.

When the staple nails 22 are driven against the test pieces of the plurality of waterproof sheets 20, the test pieces of one waterproof sheet 20 are placed on the upper surface 23A of the support plate 23, and the squares 26 corresponding to each corner of the test pieces are placed. It is fitted to the corner of. When the staple nail 22 is struck at the center of the test piece of the waterproof sheet 20, the staple nail 22 is struck to the support plate 23 inside the square 26 located at the center of the squares 26 of the flat plate 25 covered with the waterproof sheet 20. The next test piece of the waterproof sheet 20 is fitted into a corner of a square 26 different from the square 26 in which the corners of one waterproof sheet 20 are combined. The staple nail 22 is struck at the center of the test piece of the next waterproof sheet 20.

As shown in FIG. 4A, in the fixing step S13, the test piece of the waterproof sheet 20 to which the staple nail 22 is struck is tested in the direction in which the surface 20A comes into contact with water, that is, the surface 20A and the staple nail 22 are tested. This is a step of fixing the test piece of the waterproof sheet 20 to the gripping device 30D so as to partition a part of the closed space of the machine 30.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the water pressure resistant step S14 is a step of operating the testing machine 30 to bring water into contact with water from the surface 20A side of the waterproof sheet 20 to which the staple nails 22 are struck at the nth water pressure. is there. However, n represents an integer of 1 or more. The water pressure resistant step S14 is an example of the second step.

The nth water pressure starts from the first water pressure 31, and increases as the second, third, fourth ... The first water pressure 31 may be a predetermined water pressure set in advance, but it is desirable that water droplets 32 are not generated around the nail holes of the test pieces of all the waterproof sheets 20. The first water pressure 31 is, for example, 6 kPa.

The confirmation step S15 is a step of confirming the presence or absence of water droplets 32 around the staple nail 22 on the back surface 20B side of the waterproof sheet 20 in contact with the water of the nth water pressure. As shown in FIG. 4B, the water droplet 32 is mainly confirmed near the leg of the staple nail 22 protruding from the back surface 20B of the waterproof sheet 20. The operator visually confirms the presence or absence of the water droplet 32. The confirmation step S15 is an example of the third step.

On condition that no water droplet 32 is confirmed in the confirmation step S15 (S16: No), the water pressure resistance step S14 and the confirmation step S15 are repeated until the water droplet 32 is confirmed in the confirmation step S15. At this time, when the water pressure immediately before is the first water pressure 31, water is brought into contact with the waterproof sheet 20 from the surface 20A side at the second water pressure which is higher than the first water pressure 31 by a predetermined water pressure. That is, the step S18 in which the nth water pressure is set to a larger n + 1 water pressure is executed. In the confirmation step S15, the water pressure immediately after the water droplet 32 is not confirmed depending on the nth water pressure is expressed as the n + 1th water pressure. The difference between the nth water pressure and the n + 1th water pressure may be appropriately set.

The increase in water pressure does not necessarily have to be increased stepwise, but may be continuously increased. For example, the water pressure may be increased at 35 kPa / min. In this case, the water pressure resistance step S14 and the confirmation step S15 are performed substantially at the same time.

On condition that the water droplet 32 is confirmed in the confirmation step S15 (S16: Yes), as shown in FIG. 5, the value of the water pressure of the water in contact from the surface 20A side of the waterproof sheet 20 at that time is determined. The recording step S17 for recording as a graph together with the waterproof sheet 20 is executed. The water pressure immediately before the water droplet 32 is confirmed is represented as the n-1th water pressure, and the water pressure when the water droplet 32 is confirmed is represented as the nth water pressure. When the water pressure is continuously increased, the water pressure when the water droplet 32 is confirmed is recorded as the test result of the waterproof sheet 20.

In the test results shown in FIG. 5, three types of highly durable modified asphalt roofing, modified asphalt roofing, and asphalt roofing 940, which are superior in durability as compared with modified asphalt roofing, are used as the waterproof sheet 20. However, the waterproof sheet 20 is not particularly limited to these. In the example of the test shown in FIG. 5, the test result of the waterproof sheet 20 in which the deterioration step S11 is omitted is also recorded as a graph.

[Action and effect of the embodiment]
In the present embodiment, since water droplets can be confirmed on the back surface side of the waterproof sheet 20 in contact with the water of the first water pressure 31, the presence or absence of water leakage around the nail hole can be confirmed in a short time.

If no water droplets 32 are found around the nail holes, increase the water pressure until the water droplets 32 are found, and record the water pressure value when the water droplets 32 are found to stop the water in each of the tested tarpaulins. Can be compared by the value of the water pressure immediately before the water droplet 32 is confirmed or when the water droplet 32 is confirmed.

By providing a square 26 indicating a plurality of mounting positions of the waterproof sheet 20 on the upper surface 23A of the support plate 23, when the second and subsequent waterproof sheets 20 are stacked on the support plate 23, the operator can perform the previously stacked position. Can be stacked in a different position. As a result, the support plate 23 is struck at a position different from the position of the support plate 23 that was struck when the single waterproof sheet 20 was used. When the staple nails 22 are struck on the plurality of waterproof sheets 20, each of the waterproof sheets 20 is supported by the support plate 23 at a point where the staple nails 22 are penetrated by the legs. Since the penetration state around the nail hole of each tarpaulin 20 to which the staple nail 22 is struck becomes constant, the evaluation result of water stoppage is stable.

Since the upper surface 23A of the support plate 23 is the flat plate 25, the staple nails 22 can be stably driven against the waterproof sheet 20 supported by the flat plate 25. Since a part of the support plate 23 is a foamed plastic foam material 24, the staple nail 22 that has been driven in can be easily removed from the support plate 23.

The degree of deterioration of the waterproof sheet 20 can also be evaluated by recording the value of the water pressure when the water droplet 32 is confirmed for both the waterproof sheet 20 exposed to the external environment and the waterproof sheet 20 not exposed to the external environment.

[Modification example]
In the above embodiment, the underlaying material is used as the waterproofing sheet 20, but the waterproofing sheet 20 may be a moisture-permeable waterproofing sheet for the outer wall instead of the underlaying material. At this time, the pressurization rate of water is set to 6 kPa / min or less.

In the above embodiment, the deterioration step S11 is performed before the nailing step S12, but may be performed after the nailing step S12 and before the fixing step S13. Since the deterioration step S11 is performed in a state where the staple nail 22 is struck against the waterproof sheet 20, the water stopping property of the waterproof sheet 20 can be evaluated under conditions closer to the actual state.

In the case of using an incubator or the like, the external environment does not have to be 80 degrees and may be appropriately set. When the external environment is an incubator or the like, either the temperature or the humidity may be adjusted, or a combination thereof may be used. Further, the period of exposure to the external environment does not have to be 140 days and may be set as appropriate. The waterproof sheet 20 to be tested does not necessarily have to be deteriorated by being exposed to the external environment.

The pressurization rate of water does not have to be 35 kPa / min, but is adjusted between 6 and 100 kPa / min, and in the case of the waterproof sheet 20, it is preferably 20 to 50 kPa / min.

In the above embodiment, on condition that the water droplet 32 is confirmed in the confirmation step S15, the value of the water pressure of the water in contact from the surface 20A side of the waterproof sheet 20 at that time is recorded, but the water droplet 32 is confirmed. The value of the water pressure (n-1th water pressure) immediately before the water pressure may be recorded. By recording the value of the water pressure immediately before the water droplet 32 is confirmed, the water stoppage of each of the tested waterproof sheets 20 can be compared with the value of the water pressure immediately before the water droplet 32 is confirmed.

Further, on condition that the water droplet 32 is not confirmed in the confirmation step S15, the presence or absence of the water droplet 32 is recorded without repeating the water pressure resistance step S14 and the confirmation step S15 until the water droplet 32 is confirmed in the confirmation step S15. , May be evaluated.

Further, the record of the water pressure value does not have to be represented as a graph. For example, the type of the waterproof sheet 20 is described in the row of the table, the condition of the external environment is described in the column, and the water pressure value corresponding to each cell is described. May be recorded and represented.

In the above embodiment, the deterioration step S11 is included, but the deterioration step S11 may not be included.

Further, the testing machine 30 may be any known one, and is not limited to the WP-1000K manufactured by Daiei Kagaku Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.

Further, the first water pressure 31 is not limited to 6 kPa and may be larger or smaller than this.

Further, the support plate 23 does not have to be provided with the flat plate 25, and the upper surface of the foaming material 24 may form the upper surface 23A of the support plate 23. Further, the upper surface 23A of the support plate 23 may be a flat plate made of wood or paper instead of the flat plate 25.

Further, although the flat plate 25 has squares 26 as an example of marks indicating a plurality of placement positions of the waterproof sheet 20, it may be a plurality of points arranged at equal intervals in the vertical and horizontal directions. Further, the square 26 is printed on the flat plate 25, but is not limited to this, and may be an added one or a groove formed by a cutter or the like. Further, the flat plate 25 does not necessarily have to have a mark indicating a plurality of placement positions of the waterproof sheet 20.

10 ... Evaluation method 20 ... Waterproof sheet 20A ... Front side 20B ... Back side 22 ... Staple nail 23 ... Support plate 23A ... Top surface 24 ... Foaming material 25 ... Flat plate 26 ... Staples (example of mark)
31 ... 1st water pressure S12 ... Nailing process (example of 1st process)
S14 ... Water pressure resistant process (an example of the second process)
S15 ... Confirmation process (an example of the third process)

Claims (5)

The first process of striking staple nails on the waterproof sheet for construction from the surface side,
The second step of bringing water into contact with the first water pressure from the surface side of the waterproof sheet to which the staple nails are struck, and
A method for evaluating the waterproofness of a waterproof sheet, which includes a third step of confirming the presence or absence of water droplets around the staple nails on the back surface side of the waterproof sheet in contact with water of the first water pressure. The nth water pressure is higher than the nth water pressure, provided that no water droplets are confirmed on the back surface side of the tarpaulin in contact with water of the nth water pressure (where n represents an integer of 1 or more). The process of bringing water into contact with the surface side of the waterproof sheet with n + 1 water pressure,
A step of recording the value of the n-1th water pressure or the nth water pressure together with the waterproof sheet, provided that water droplets are confirmed on the back surface side of the waterproof sheet in contact with the water of the nth water pressure. The method for evaluating the water stoppage of a tarpaulin according to claim 1, further comprising. The waterproof sheet to which the staple nails are driven in the first step is
The waterproof sheet is placed on the upper surface of the support plate having a mark indicating a plurality of mounting positions with the surface side facing up.
After the staple nails are struck on the waterproof sheet placed on the support plate,
The method for evaluating water resistance of a tarpaulin according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tarpaulin is separated from the support plate together with the staple nails. The support plate has a foaming material and a flat plate that is laminated on the foaming material to form the upper surface.
The method for evaluating the waterproofness of a tarpaulin according to claim 3, wherein in the first step, the staple nail penetrates the flat plate. The method for evaluating water resistance of a tarpaulin according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a step of exposing the tarpaulin to an external environment before the second step.

Images