JP2021020070A - ナノフィブリルセルロースを含む医療用ハイドロゲル、個別化された創傷被覆材、及びそれらの調製方法 - Google Patents
ナノフィブリルセルロースを含む医療用ハイドロゲル、個別化された創傷被覆材、及びそれらの調製方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
・アニオン変性パルプを準備すること、又は
・パルプを準備し、上記パルプをアニオン変性すること、
・アニオン変性したパルプを、平均フィブリル径が200nm以下であるナノフィブリルセルロースが得られるまで分解すること、
・所望により、分解されたアニオン変性パルプを1又は複数の非フィブリル化均質化工程において均質化すること、及び
・上記ナノフィブリルセルロースを、ナノフィブリルセルロースの含有率が1〜3.5%(w/w)の範囲内である医療用ハイドロゲルとすること、
を含む、医療用ハイドロゲルを調製するための方法を提供する。
・本明細書に開示されている医療用ハイドロゲルを提供すること、
・創傷に適合するように設計された対象のデジタル三次元モデルを得ること、及び
・積層造形(additive manufacturing)によって、上記デジタル三次元モデルに従って上記医療用ハイドロゲルから三次元対象物を調製して、上記創傷に適合するように個別化された(tailored)創傷被覆材を得ること、
を含む、個別化された(tailored)創傷被覆材を調製するための方法を提供する。
−アニオン変性パルプ(例えば木材パルプなど)を準備すること、
−上記パルプを平均フィブリル径が200nm以下であるナノフィブリルセルロースが得られるまで分解すること、
−所望により、分解されたパルプを1又は複数の非フィブリル化均質化工程において均質化すること、及び
−ナノフィブリルセルロースを、ナノフィブリルセルロースの含有量が1.1〜3.5%(w/w)(例えば1〜3.5%(w/w)(例えば2.0〜3.5%(w/w)など))の範囲内である医療用ハイドロゲルとすること
を含む、医療用ハイドロゲルを調製するための方法を提供する。上記方法は、パルプを準備して、このパルプをアニオン変性することで、好ましくは所望の変性度(例えばアニオン電荷など)を得ることを含んでいてよい。
上記医療用ハイドロゲルを形成するための出発物質は、ナノフィブリルセルロース(ナノセルロースとも呼ばれる)であり、これはセルロース原料に由来する単離されたセルロースフィブリル又はフィブリル束を指す。ナノフィブリルセルロースは、自然界に豊富に存在する天然ポリマーをベースとする。ナノフィブリルセルロースは、水中で粘性ハイドロゲルを形成可能である。ナノフィブリルセルロース製造技術は、繊維状原料の分解(例えば、パルプ繊維水性分散物を粉砕してナノフィブリル化セルロースを得ることなど)をベースとし得る。かかる粉砕又は均質化プロセス後に得られるナノフィブリルセルロース材料は、希薄な粘弾性ハイドロゲルである。
本明細書に開示されているハイドロゲルは、特定の創傷に適合するように個別化(tailored)されていてよい。ハイドロゲル(特に、ナノフィブリルセルロースの含有量が2〜3.5%(w/w)の範囲内であるハイドロゲル)の成形性又は形成性は、特定の要求に応じて個別化(tailored)されてよいこのような予め形成された又は予め形作られた構造又は製品の調製を可能とする。1又は複数の製造デバイス(複数可)、金型(複数可)、並びに、又は、製造デバイス(複数可)及び/若しくはプロセスを制御するためのコンピュータ化された制御デバイスなどの他のデバイス若しくは材料が付与されてよい。予め形成された又は予め形作られた製品を付与することは、ハイドロゲルを創傷において成形して深い組織の損傷又は刺激を回避するのには望ましくない深い創傷を処置するときに有用であり得る。
−医療用ハイドロゲルを提供すること、
−創傷に適合するように設計された対象のデジタル三次元モデルを得ること、及び
−積層造形(additive manufacturing)によって、上記デジタル三次元モデルに従って上記医療用ハイドロゲルから三次元対象物を調製して、上記創傷を適合するように個別化された(tailored)創傷被覆材を得ること
を含む、個別化された(tailored)創傷被覆材を調製するための方法が提供される。
−上記医療用ハイドロゲルを深い創傷に、例えば本明細書に開示されている期間にわたって適用する、
−創傷から医療用ハイドロゲルを除去する、並びに
−ガーゼ及びナノフィブリルセルロースを含む医療製品を創傷に適用する
ための説明書を含んでいてよい。
−好ましくは、対象における真皮の及び/又はその下の組織の深い創傷を検出すること、又は、真皮の及び/又はその下の組織の深い創傷の処置の必要がある対象を検出すること、
−本明細書に開示されている医療用ハイドロゲルを提供すること、
−医療用ハイドロゲルを上記深い創傷に適用すること
を含む。医療用ハイドロゲルは、創傷若しくは創傷の組織(複数可)における血管新生及び/又は他の治癒効果を付与するのに十分な期間にわたって、適用後に創傷において維持され得る。この期間は、例えば、少なくとも1日、2日、3日、4日、若しくは5日、最大7日、10日若しくは14日、1〜7日、1〜5日、1〜4日、1〜3日、1〜2日、2〜14日、2〜7日など、例えば1〜14日、又は12〜168時間若しくは24〜168時間などの6〜168時間、いくつかの場合においては、6〜24時間若しくは6〜12時間などの6〜48時間であってよい。
−好ましくは、対象における真皮の及び/又はその下の組織の深い創傷を検出すること、又は、真皮の及び/又はその下の組織の深い創傷の処置の必要がある対象を検出すること、
−本明細書に開示されている医療用ハイドロゲルを提供すること、
−医療用ハイドロゲルを深い創傷に、好ましくは本明細書に開示されている期間にわたって適用すること、
−医療用ハイドロゲルを創傷から除去すること、並びに
−ガーゼ及びナノフィブリルセルロースを含む医療製品(例えばナノフィブリルセルロースが含浸されたガーゼなど)を創傷に適用すること
を含む。
NFC由来の生体材料(特に、アニオン性NFC(ANFC))がhASCに最適な足場を付与する可能性、並びにhASC及びANFCが共に創傷治癒を促進するか否かを、慢性の創傷モデルに進む前の健康なマウスにおける副子付きの全厚切除皮膚創傷モデルでin vivoにおいて研究した。このモデルでは、縫合糸によって皮膚に取り付けたシリコーンリングによって創傷を囲むことにより、創傷の収縮を防止する。このモデルは、創傷修復が主に肉芽組織形成及び再上皮形成を経て進行するヒト創傷治癒プロセスを模倣している。目的は、細胞移植のさらなる接着タンパク質を使用することを回避することであった。この研究のために、ANFCを天然NFCと共に試験した。NFC被覆材材料の安全性はこれまでの研究において証明されているが、天然NFC被覆材は、新たに形成される皮膚構造の偏在を改善することも示された(図1)。
変動係数(CV)=15%
予期される又は検出対象の効果の大きさ(d)=25%
複製の数(r)=15.7*(CV/d)2、そのため、r=5.65=6。
行った実験において、図2に示されているように、アニオン性ナノフィブリルセルロース(ANFC)ハイドロゲルは、化学的に変性されていないナノフィブリルセルロース(GrowDex)及び対照サンプル(処置なし)と比較して、創傷被覆を促進させることが示された。特に、この材料の、創傷における血管新生の前(pre−vascularization)に対する効果を調べた。これは、真皮の又はその下の創傷などの深い創傷において望ましい。
試験対象としてニワトリ肉片を使用して、様々なハイドロゲルの成形性及び安定性を検査した。ニワトリに大きな深い創傷を作り、ナノフィブリルセルロースハイドロゲルで被覆した。NFCロット11428及び11473を創傷に適用した。
レオロジー測定
レオロジー測定を、温度制御のためのペルチェシステムを備えたHAAKE Viscotester iQ Rheometer(Thermo Fisher Scientific,Karlsruhe,Germany)によって37℃で実施した。結果をHAAKE RheoWin4.0ソフトウェア(Thermo Fisher Scientific)によって分析した。平行な35mm径の鋼板−板配置を全ての測定において1mmギャップで使用した。各測定の前に、これらのサンプルを37℃で5分間静止させた。制御した応力振幅掃引を実施して、さまざまなNFCハイドロゲル製剤について線形粘弾性領域を求めた。一定の角周波数ω=1Hz及び0.0001〜500Paの間の振動応力を全ての振幅掃引において使用した。周波数掃引について選択した振動応力はτ=50Paであった。剪断速度を0.1から1000(1/秒)まで増加させることによって剪断粘度を測定した。
保水含量を以下の手順に従って測定した。
X:ハイドロゲル保水容量(g/g)
A:ハイドロゲル湿重量(g)
B:ハイドロゲル乾燥重量(g)
a:ブロッティングボード湿重量(g)
b:ブロッティングボード乾燥重量(g)
C:ハイドロゲル乾燥分
Claims (15)
- アニオン変性パルプ(例えば木材パルプなど)を準備すること、又は、パルプ(例えば木材パルプなど)を準備し、前記パルプをアニオン変性すること、
アニオン変性したパルプを、平均フィブリル径が200nm以下であるナノフィブリルセルロースが得られるまで分解すること、
分解されたアニオン変性パルプを、1又は複数の非フィブリル化均質化工程において均質化すること、
ナノフィブリルセルロースを、ナノフィブリルセルロースの含有量が2〜3.5%(w/w)(例えば2.5〜3.5%(w/w)など)の範囲内の成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲルであって、ハイドロゲルの濃度において0.1 1/秒の剪断速度で37℃において粘度計によって測定される粘度が500〜2200Pa・sの範囲内(例えば700〜1800Pa・sの範囲内など)である、成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲルとすること、
を含む、成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲルを調製するための方法。 - ナノフィブリルセルロースを含む成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲルであって、前記ハイドロゲルにおけるナノフィブリルセルロースの含有量が、2〜3.5%(w/w)の範囲内であり、前記ナノフィブリルセルロースが、平均フィブリル径が200nm以下であるアニオン性ナノフィブリルセルロースを含み、前記ハイドロゲルは、前記ハイドロゲルの濃度において0.1 1/秒の剪断速度で37℃において粘度計によって測定される粘度が、500〜2200Pa・sの範囲内である、前記成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲル。
- 前記ハイドロゲルにおけるナノフィブリルセルロースの含有量が、2.5〜3.5%(w/w)の範囲内である、請求項2に記載の成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲル。
- 前記ハイドロゲルは、前記ハイドロゲルの濃度において0.1 1/秒の剪断速度で37℃において粘度計によって測定される粘度が、700〜1800Pa・sの範囲内である、請求項2又は請求項3に記載の成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲル。
- 前記ナノフィブリルセルロースは、ÅAGWR(Åbo Akademi重量保水(Gravitometric Water Retention))法によって測定される保水値が、乾燥ハイドロゲル1g当たり20〜70gの水(好ましくは乾燥ハイドロゲル1g当たり23〜50gの水)の範囲内である、請求項2〜請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲル。
- 前記ナノフィブリルセルロースは、水に分散されているとき、22℃±1℃において水性溶媒中で0.5重量%(w/w)の稠度で回転レオメータによって求められる、ゼロ剪断粘度が1000〜50000Pa・sの範囲内(例えば2000〜20000Pa・sの範囲内など)であり、降伏応力が1〜30Paの範囲内(例えば3〜15Paの範囲内など)である、請求項2〜請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲル。
- 請求項1に記載の方法によって得られる、請求項2〜請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲル。
- 創傷(例えば真皮の及び/又はその下の組織の深い創傷など)において血管新生を誘導するための使用のための、請求項2〜請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲル。
- 線維芽細胞を活性化するための、創傷(例えば真皮の及び/又はその下の組織の深い創傷など)を処置するための使用のための、請求項2〜請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲル。
- 以下の方法による真皮の及び/又はその下の組織の深い創傷を処置するための(例えば線維芽細胞を活性化するためなどの)使用のための、請求項2〜請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲルであって、
前記方法が、
成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲルを深い創傷に、好ましくは6時間以上、12時間以上又は24時間以上適用すること、
前記成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲルを前記創傷から除去すること、及び
ガーゼ及びナノフィブリルセルロースを含む医療製品(ナノフィブリルセルロースを含浸させたガーゼなど)を前記創傷に適用すること
を含む、前記成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲル。 - 請求項2〜請求項10のいずれか1項に記載の成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲルを提供すること、
創傷に適合するように設計された対象のデジタル三次元モデルを得ること、及び
積層造形(additive manufacturing)によって、前記デジタル三次元モデルに従って前記医療用ハイドロゲルから三次元対象物を調製して、前記創傷に適合するように個別化された(tailored)創傷被覆材を得ること
を含む、個別化された(tailored)創傷被覆材を調製するための方法。 - 前記デジタル三次元モデルが、前記創傷の3Dスキャンから得られる、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 創傷に適合するように個別化された(tailored)創傷被覆材であって、好ましくは請求項11又は請求項12に記載の方法によって得られる、前記創傷に適合するように個別化された(tailored)請求項2〜請求項10のいずれか1項に記載の成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲルを含む、前記創傷被覆材。
- 1若しくは複数の密封パッケージに、又は1若しくは複数の適用デバイス(シリンジ、アプリケータ、ポンプ若しくはチューブなど)に充填された(packed)請求項2〜請求項10のいずれか1項に記載の成形可能な医療用ハイドロゲルを含むキット。
- 好ましくは含水率が10%(w/w)未満である、ガーゼ及びナノフィブリルセルロースを含む医療製品(例えばナノフィブリルセルロースを含浸させたガーゼなど)の1又は複数のシートをさらに含む、請求項14に記載のキット。
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