JP2021017735A - Heat insulation material - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a heat insulation material minimizing reduction of heat insulation property of a heat insulation material caused by dew condensation water from a building inside and the like.SOLUTION: An heat insulation material of this invention comprises: a first heat insulation portion formed of a heat insulation material and including a first heat insulation face; a second heat insulation portion formed of a heat insulation material and including a second heat insulation face facing the first heat insulation face at a position separated by a prescribed distance; and a plurality of spacer portions provided between the first heat insulation face and the second heat insulation face. The spacer portion includes: a first heat insulation side protrusion starting from the first heat insulation face to protrude; and a second heat insulation side protrusion starting from the second heat insulation face to protrude.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

The present invention relates to heat insulating materials used in buildings.

In many conventional structures such as flat roofs of concrete buildings, a waterproof layer is applied to the concrete base by the insulating machine fixing method. However, in the case of the above structure, dew condensation may occur on the back surface of the waterproof layer due to the temperature difference between the outside air and the concrete base. As this state progresses, a moisture layer is formed between the concrete base and the waterproof layer. When the concrete base deteriorates over time, moisture invades through cracks in the concrete base, causing rain leaks, mold, and dew condensation inside the building. In addition, the waterproof layer itself also cracks due to deterioration over time, and water (for example, rainwater) has invaded from the cracked portion. This phenomenon also causes rain leaks, mold, and dew condensation inside the building in the same manner as described above.

In order to solve the above problems, the following waterproof / heat insulating structures on the surface of the flat roof skeleton have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The waterproof / heat insulating structure on the surface of the flat roof is a structure laminated on the surface of the flat roof, and is a heat insulating layer laminated on the roof surface with a gap of a predetermined width so that the side surfaces do not contact each other. A plurality of plate-like bodies, a waterproof sheet laminated so as to cover the surfaces of the plurality of plate-like bodies and the gap, and a hole in the gap to exhaust gas such as water vapor and organic volatile matter under the waterproof sheet. It is composed of a plurality of exhaust pipes with a check valve (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-183436

However, in the above-mentioned waterproof / heat insulating structure on the surface of the flat roof skeleton, a plurality of plate-like bodies which are heat insulating layers are directly arranged on the surface of the flat roof skeleton or on the existing asphalt roofing sheet layer surface. In general, moisture from the inside of a building condenses on the surface of a flat roof skeleton or on the surface of an existing asphalt roofing sheet layer. By arranging a plurality of plate-like bodies that are heat insulating layers directly on the surface of the flat roof skeleton or on the existing asphalt roofing sheet layer surface, it is possible to gradually discharge water by the exhaust pipe with a check valve after the fact. However, the plurality of plate-like bodies that are the heat insulating layer will contain dew condensation water for a certain period of time. When such a state is repeated, the plurality of plate-like bodies that are the heat insulating layer are deteriorated by the dew condensation water, and the deterioration of the heat insulating function is accelerated.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat insulating material that minimizes a decrease in heat insulating performance of the heat insulating material due to dew condensation water or the like from the inside of a building.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the heat insulating material of the present invention is a heat insulating material used for a building and is located at a predetermined distance from a first heat insulating portion having a first heat insulating surface. A second heat insulating portion having a second heat insulating surface facing the first heat insulating surface, and a plurality of spacer portions provided between the first heat insulating surface and the second heat insulating surface are provided. To do. The first heat insulating portion and the second heat insulating portion are preferably formed of a material having heat insulating properties.

Further, in the heat insulating material of the present invention, the spacer portion has a first heat insulating side convex portion that is convex starting from the first heat insulating surface and a second heat insulating side convex portion that is convex starting from the second heat insulating surface. The first heat insulating side convex portion and the second heat insulating side convex portion are in contact with each other at their respective tops.

Further, in the heat insulating material of the present invention, the spacer portion is a first heat insulating side convex portion that is convex starting from the first heat insulating surface, or a second heat insulating side convex portion that is convex starting from the second heat insulating surface. It is characterized by being composed of.

Further, in the heat insulating material of the present invention, the first heat insulating portion and the first heat insulating portion are formed in a sheet shape, and the first heat insulating side convex portion and the second heat insulating side convex portion are formed in a columnar shape. It is characterized by.

Further, in the heat insulating material of the present invention, the first heat insulating portion, the second heat insulating portion and the spacer portion are made of resin.

According to the heat insulating material of the present invention, it is possible to obtain an excellent effect that the deterioration of the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating material due to dew condensation water or the like from the inside of the building can be minimized.

It is the schematic which shows the air conditioner in 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a figure which shows the building side air flow passage forming part in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. (B) and (C) are diagrams showing a modified example of the airflow passage forming portion on the building side in the first embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a figure which shows the 1st building side communication passage and the building side air flow generation part in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. (B) is a figure which shows the communication passage on the 2nd building side in 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a cross-sectional view of a heat insulating material according to the first embodiment of the present invention. (B) and (C) are sectional views of another heat insulating material according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the insulation side air flow passage forming part in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a figure which shows the 1st heat insulation side communication passage and the heat insulation side air flow generation part in 1st Embodiment of this invention. (B) is a figure which shows the 2nd insulation side communication passage in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the modification of the 1st building side external communication passage and the 2nd building side external communication passage in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the air conditioner in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

<First Embodiment>
The air conditioner 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The air conditioner 1 is installed on the outdoor floor surface 110 of the building 100. Specifically, the outdoor floor 110 refers to, for example, the rooftop floor of a flat roof type building, the veranda of the building, or the skeleton floor of a balcony. The air conditioner 1 includes, for example, a building side air conditioner 2, a heat insulating material 3, and a heat insulating side air conditioner 4.

<Building side air conditioner>
The building side air conditioner 2 will be described with reference to FIG. The building-side air conditioner 2 adjusts the temperature or humidity of the building 100, or removes the moisture contained in the building 100. The building-side air conditioner 2 includes a building-side airflow passage forming unit 20, a first building-side external communication passage 21, a second building-side external communication passage 22, a building-side airflow generation unit 23, and a building-side environmental index measurement unit. 24 and.

<Building side airflow passage formation>
The building-side airflow passage forming portion 20 is placed on the outdoor floor surface 110, and forms the building-side airflow passage 200 with the outdoor floor surface 110. The building-side airflow passage forming portion 20 is composed of, for example, a building-side airflow passage forming main body portion 201 and a plurality of building-side convex portions 202.

The building-side airflow passage forming main body 201 is composed of, for example, a sheet-shaped sheet portion 201A. The building-side airflow passage forming main body 201 may have a plate shape or other shape instead of a sheet shape. When the building side airflow passage forming portion 20 is placed on the outdoor floor surface 110, the seat portion 201A is placed on the outdoor floor surface 110 in the height direction of the building 100 (hereinafter referred to as the building height direction) H. It has facing surfaces facing each other (hereinafter, referred to as building-side facing surfaces) 203. That is, the plane on one side of the seat portion 201A becomes the building side facing surface 203.

Further, the seat portion 201A has a plurality of through holes 204 penetrating the seat portion 201A. The plurality of through holes 204 are connected to the first building side external communication passage 21 and the second building side external communication passage 22 which will be described later.

As shown in the lower side view of FIG. 2A, the building-side convex portion 202 is convex in the direction away from the building-side facing surface 203 in the sheet thickness direction T, starting from the building-side facing surface 203. The height of the convex portion 202 on the building side is assumed to be, for example, about 0.1 mm to 5 mm as an example, but is not limited to this. That is, the height of the convex portion 202 on the building side is 0.1 mm or less, or 5 mm or more, which is also included in the present invention. Assuming that the height of the convex portion 202 on the building side is around 0.1 mm or 0.1 mm or less, for example, a ventilation buffer sheet (L-US; urethane rubber-based coating) provided with a convex portion of the above size on the surface. Examples include a film waterproofing method / insulation specification) and a blistering prevention sheet having a convex portion of the above size on the surface.

The building-side convex portion 202 is assumed to have a substantially conical shape or a truncated cone shape as an example, but is not limited to this, and may have a hemispherical shape, a hexagonal column shape, or the like. Further, the seat portion 201A has a building-side recess 206 that is recessed at a position corresponding to the building-side convex portion 202 on the ceiling surface 205 on the side opposite to the building-side facing surface 203 of the seat portion 201A. Examples of the shape of the recess 206 on the building side include a generally conical shape, a truncated cone shape, and a hemispherical shape. The shape of the building-side convex portion 202 and the building-side concave portion 206 may be other shapes different from the above. As shown in FIG. 2B, the building-side airflow passage forming portion 20 may have a configuration without the building-side recess 206. Further, as shown in FIG. 2C, the building-side airflow passage forming portion 20 may have a configuration in which a portion having a building-side recess 206 and a portion without the building-side recess 206 are mixed.

The building-side convex portion 202 may be integrally formed with the seat portion 201A, or may be configured as a separate member from the seat portion 201A and may be connected to the seat portion 201A. In addition, what the seat portion 201A and the building side convex portion 202 are integrated with each other will be referred to as a convex seat member in the following, if necessary, for convenience. Further, in FIG. 2A, there are a plurality of circular portions, each of which corresponds to a convex portion 202 on the building side.

As shown in the upper view of FIG. 2A, the building-side convex portion 202 may be arranged on the building-side facing surface 203 in a substantially matrix shape as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other It may be an arrangement mode. The above-mentioned arrangement in a substantially matrix-like manner includes an arrangement in a state close to a matrix-like arrangement randomly arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions. A force is applied to the building-side airflow passage forming portion 20 from the upper side in the building height direction H with respect to the building-side airflow passage forming portion 20 (for example, in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of the upper side drawing of FIG. 2A, or FIG. 2 (A). ) The convex seat member (seat portion 201A and the building side convex portion 202) is strong enough not to be crushed when a load (load due to the weight of a person applied from the direction of arrow C in the lower side figure) is applied. It is necessary to have the seat portion 201A and the building side convex portion 202). Therefore, various aspects of this arrangement are assumed from the viewpoint of the above strength, and in the present invention, all of the various arrangements are included. Further, from the viewpoint of the above strength, the material constituting the building side airflow passage forming portion 20 is also considered. The building side airflow passage forming portion 20 is made of, for example, a resin or metal such as polypropylene. Further, in addition to the above-mentioned viewpoint of strength, for example, the arrangement of the building-side convex portion 202 may be determined from the viewpoint of whether or not steam can flow efficiently.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the building-side airflow passage forming portion 20 is placed on the outdoor floor surface 110, the building-side convex portion 202 becomes convex toward the outdoor floor surface 110. Then, the top portion 202A of the building-side convex portion 202 is in contact with the outdoor floor surface 110. The plurality of building-side convex portions 202 function as spacers for holding the seat portion 201A in a state of being separated from the outdoor floor surface 110 in the building height direction H by a predetermined distance.

The building-side airflow passage 200 is composed of an outdoor floor surface 110, a building-side facing surface 203, and an outer peripheral surface of a plurality of building-side convex portions 202. Moisture contained in the building 100 becomes water vapor through the outdoor floor surface 110 and floats in the space surrounded by the airflow passage 200 on the building side. When an air flow is generated in the building side airflow passage 200 by the building side airflow generation unit 23, the moisture contained in the building 100 is vaporized more and more and floats in the space surrounded by the building side airflow passage 200. The water vapor passes through between the building-side convex portions 202 and moves to the first building-side external communication passage 21 as shown by the arrow in the upper side view of FIG. 2A, for example. Meanwhile, outside air is taken into the building side airflow passage 200 from the outside through the second building side external communication passage 22.

<External communication passage on the first building side>
The first building-side external communication passage 21 communicates the space inside the building-side airflow passage 200 with the outside. As shown in FIG. 3A, the first building side external communication passage 21 is composed of a building height direction extending passage 210 and a turn-back passage 211.

In the present embodiment, the building side airflow passage forming portion 20, the heat insulating material 3, the heat insulating side airflow passage forming portion 40, and the tarpaulin 5 are laminated in order from the outdoor floor surface 110 side along the height direction H of the building 100. ing. That is, in the present embodiment, it is composed of a layer composed of the building side airflow passage forming portion 20 (building side airflow passage layer), a layer composed of the heat insulating material 3 (insulation layer), and a heat insulating side airflow passage forming portion 40. Layers (heat insulating side airflow passage layer) and layers composed of the waterproof sheet 5 (waterproof layer) are formed in layers in order from the outdoor floor surface 110 side. The waterproof layer constitutes the uppermost layer. The building height direction extending passage 210 penetrates the heat insulating layer, the heat insulating side airflow passage layer, and the waterproof layer in this order from the through hole 204 along the building height direction H, and is more than the waterproof layer which is the highest layer. Also extends to the upper side of the building height direction H.

The folded passage 211 is folded around the upper end side opening 210A of the building height direction extending passage 210 and extends downward in the building height direction. Specifically, the turn-back passage 211 is in the building height direction from the upper end side opening 210A so that the space W is provided above the building height direction H from the upper end side opening 210A of the building height direction extending passage 210. It is composed of an inner peripheral surface 212A of the covering body 212 that covers the building height direction extending passage 210 from the upper side of H, and an outer peripheral surface 210B of the building height direction extending passage 210. As shown in FIG. 3A, the covering body 212 shields the upper end side opening 210A from the outside and extends along the building height direction H.

Then, the opening 21A on one end side of the first building side external communication passage 21 (opening on the lower end side of the building height direction extending passage 210) is opened to the building side airflow passage 200. Further, the opening 21B on the other end side of the first building side external communication passage 21 (the opening proximal to the outside on the folded passage 211 side) is opened to the outside.

<External communication passage on the second building side>
The second building-side external communication passage 22 communicates the space inside the building-side airflow passage 200 with the outside. As shown in FIG. 3B, the second building side external communication passage 22 is composed of a building height direction extending passage 220 and a turn-back passage 221. The building height direction extension passage 220 and the turnaround passage 221 are the same as the building height direction extension passage 210 and the turnaround passage 211, and the description thereof can be applied here as well, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, the opening 22A on one end side of the second building side external communication passage 22 (opening on the lower end side of the building height direction extending passage 220) is opened to the building side airflow passage 200. Further, the opening 22B on the other end side of the second building side external communication passage 22 (the opening proximal to the outside on the folded passage 221 side) is opened to the outside.

One of the first building-side external communication passage 21 and the second building-side external communication passage 22 functions as an exhaust passage for discharging the air flowing through the building-side airflow passage 200, and the other is the air flowing through the building-side airflow passage 200. Functions as an outside air intake passage that takes in from the outside. In addition, in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2A, the first building side external communication passage 21 and the second building side external communication passage 22 are drawn as if they are provided one by one, but the present invention is limited to this. It may be a mode in which a plurality of either one is provided, or a mode in which a plurality of both are provided.

In the present embodiment, in the first building side external communication passage 21 and the second building side external communication passage 22, the space in the first building side external communication passage 21 and the second building side external communication passage 22 is a heat insulating side airflow described later. It is configured so as not to communicate with the space in the passage 400. That is, the building height direction extending passages 210 and 220 are composed of pipes. As a result, the inside and the outside of the pipe are spatially cut off, so that the air flow in the first building side external communication passage 21 and the second building side external communication passage 22 is in the heat insulating side airflow passage 400 described later. Does not affect the air flow.

As shown in FIG. 7, the space in the first building side external communication passage 21 and the second building side external communication passage 22 may communicate with the space in the heat insulating side airflow passage 400, which will be described later. In this case, the first building side external communication passage 21 and the second building side external communication passage 22 are, for example, the tarpaulin 5 and the heat insulating side without using piping on the lower side of the tarpaulin 5 in the building height direction H. It is formed by each through passage that penetrates the airflow passage forming portion 40, the heat insulating material 3, and the building side airflow passage forming portion 20. Then, when an air flow is generated in the building side airflow passage 200, the air flow affects the heat insulating side airflow passage 400, and an air flow is also generated in the heat insulating side airflow passage 400.

<Building side airflow generator>
The building-side airflow generation unit 23 generates an air flow in the building-side airflow passage 200. The building-side airflow generation unit 23 may, for example, blow air into the building-side airflow passage 200 to generate an air flow in the building-side airflow passage 200, or generate air inside the building-side airflow passage 200. The air flow may be generated in the building side airflow passage 200 by sucking air, or the air flow may be generated in the building side airflow passage 200 by blowing and inhaling.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the building-side airflow generating unit 23 includes, for example, a fan 230, a fan mounting unit 231 and a fan driving unit 232. The fan mounting portion 231 mounts the fan 230 in the middle of the external communication passage 21 on the first building side, for example. In the present embodiment, the fan 230 is provided inside the building height direction extending passage 210 so as to be surrounded by the upper end side opening 210A of the building height direction extending passage 210. The fan 230 may be attached to another position as long as an air flow can be generated in the building side airflow passage 200 through the building height direction extending passage 210. Further, the fan 230 may be installed in the middle of the second building side external communication passage 22.

The fan drive unit 232 drives the fan 230. When the fan 230 is driven and rotated, an air flow is generated that exhausts the air in the building height direction extending passage 210 to the outside. In addition, when the fan 230 is driven and rotated, an air flow that blows air from the outside toward the building side airflow passage 200 may be generated through the building height direction extending passage 210. The fan drive unit 232 includes, for example, a fan control unit 233, a solar cell 234, and a storage battery 235.

The fan control unit 233 drives the fan 230 with the electric power stored in the solar cell 234 or the storage battery 235. At this time, various modes can be mentioned as the driving mode of the fan 230. As one of the driving modes of the fan 230, a driving mode in which the fan 230 is rotated at a predetermined rotation speed or less can be mentioned as an example. In this case, the fan control unit 233 reduces the electric power supplied to the fan 230 through the solar cell 234 to a predetermined electric power or less, and stores the remaining electric power in the storage battery 235.

Then, when the electric power generated by the solar cell 234 does not reach a desired amount due to the weather condition, the fan control unit 233 drives the fan 230 by using the electric power stored in the storage battery 235. The electric power stored in the storage battery 235 is not limited to the electric power generated in the solar cell 234, and may be electric power supplied from other sources (for example, a power supply device attached to the building 100). .. In this case, even if the power generated by the solar cell 234 is not sufficient to drive the fan 230, the storage battery 235 compensates for the power shortage.

If the driving mode of the fan 230 is as described above, the electric power generated by the solar cell 234 can be efficiently used. Further, since the rotation speed of the fan 230 is set to a predetermined rotation speed or less, the life of the fan 230 can be extended. Further, even when the weather condition is bad, the storage battery 235 can supply sufficient electric power to the fan 230.

The driving mode of the fan 230 may be a driving mode other than the above. That is, in the driving mode of the fan 230, at least one of the mode in which the fan 230 is constantly driven at a predetermined rotation speed, the temperature and humidity in the airflow passage 200 on the building side, and the water content of the building 100 is a predetermined threshold value. When the temperature exceeds the above value, the fan 230 is driven, and when the threshold value is not exceeded, the fan 230 is stopped, and various other driving modes are included. The temperature or humidity in the airflow passage 200 on the building side or the water content in the building 100 is measured by the building side environmental index measuring unit 24.

Further, in the above, there are two power supply sources, the solar cell 234 and the storage battery 235, but any one of them may be used, and such a configuration is also included in the scope of the present invention. Further, in the above, the power supply source may be a power supply device or other power supply device attached to the building 100 instead of the solar cell 234 and the storage battery 235, and such a configuration is also included in the scope of the present invention. Is done.

<Building side environmental index measurement unit>
The building side environmental index measuring unit 24 measures the environmental index of the building 100 (hereinafter, referred to as the building side environmental index). The building-side environmental index includes, for example, at least one of the temperature, humidity, and water content of the building 100 (for example, the outdoor floor surface 110, the building-side airflow passage 200). The building-side environmental index measuring unit 24 is composed of, for example, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a moisture content measuring sensor, and the like, and is installed in the building 100 (for example, the outdoor floor surface 110, the building-side airflow passage 200).

The fan drive unit 232 (fan control unit 233) drives the fan 230 in conjunction with the measurement result of the building side environmental index measurement unit 24. That is, the building-side airflow generation unit 23 generates an air flow in the building-side airflow passage 200 in conjunction with the measurement result of the building-side environmental index measurement unit 24. When the measurement result in the building side environmental index measuring unit 24 exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the fan driving unit 232 (fan control unit 233) drives the fan 230, and when the measurement result does not exceed the predetermined threshold value, the fan driving unit 232 (fan) As an example, the control unit 233) has a mode in which the fan 230 is stopped.

<Insulation material>
The heat insulating material 3 is provided above the building height direction H with respect to the building side airflow passage forming portion 20. In the present embodiment, the heat insulating material 3 is placed on the ceiling surface 205 of the sheet portion 201A. In the present embodiment, the heat insulating material 3 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 (A). As a material of the heat insulating material 3, for example, hard urethane foam can be mentioned as an example.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, the heat insulating material 3 may be composed of a first heat insulating portion 30, a second heat insulating portion 31, and a plurality of spacer portions 32. In this case, the heat insulating material 3 has a mode in which the first heat insulating portion 30, the plurality of spacer portions 32, and the second heat insulating portion 31 are laminated in this order.

The first heat insulating portion 30 and the second heat insulating portion 31 are formed in a sheet shape, for example. The first heat insulating portion 30 and the second heat insulating portion 31 are positioned so that the planes on one side face each other. The planes on one side of the first heat insulating portion 30 and the second heat insulating portion 31 are referred to as a first heat insulating surface 30A and a second heat insulating surface 31A, respectively. The first heat insulating portion 30 and the second heat insulating portion 31 are not limited to the sheet shape, but may have a plate shape or other shapes. Further, the first heat insulating surface 30A and the second heat insulating surface 31A do not have to be flat, and may be an uneven surface or a surface having another shape.

Further, the first heat insulating surface 30A and the second heat insulating surface 31A face each other at a predetermined distance. In order to realize this state, a plurality of spacer portions 32 are provided so as to be interposed between the first heat insulating surface 30A and the second heat insulating surface 31A. The spacer portion 32 is formed in a columnar shape (for example, a columnar shape, a conical shape, a truncated cone shape, etc.). Further, the spacer portions 32 may be arranged and arranged between the first heat insulating surface 30A and the second heat insulating surface 31A according to a predetermined rule, for example, in a matrix shape, or may be randomly arranged. You may.

In the present embodiment, the spacer portion 32 is composed of a first heat insulating side convex portion 33 and a second heat insulating side convex portion 34. The first heat insulating side convex portion 33 becomes convex toward the second heat insulating surface 31A starting from the first heat insulating surface 30A. In this case, the first heat insulating side convex portion 33 is preferably integrally formed with the first heat insulating portion 30. It is assumed that the first heat insulating portion 30 and the first heat insulating side convex portion 33 integrally formed are composed of the convex sheet members as shown in FIGS. 2 (A) to 2 (C).

The second heat insulating side convex portion 34 becomes convex toward the first heat insulating surface 30A starting from the second heat insulating surface 31A. In this case, the second heat insulating side convex portion 34 is preferably integrally formed with the second heat insulating portion 31. It is assumed that the second heat insulating portion 31 and the second heat insulating side convex portion 34 integrally formed are composed of the convex sheet members as shown in FIGS. 2 (A) to 2 (C).

The first heat insulating side convex portion 33 and the second heat insulating side convex portion 34 come into contact with each other at the top portions 33A and 34A. The spacer portion 32 may be composed of either the first heat insulating side convex portion 33 or the second heat insulating side convex portion 34.

In the heat insulating material 3 configured as described above, a space S is formed between the first heat insulating surface 30A and the second heat insulating surface 31A. The air in the space S also functions as a heat insulating material.

Further, the first heat insulating portion 30, the second heat insulating portion 31, and the plurality of spacer portions 32 are preferably made of a material having heat insulating properties. Further, the heat insulating material 3 composed of the first heat insulating portion 30, the second heat insulating portion 31, and the plurality of spacer portions 32 is, for example, a flat surface (first heat insulating portion) on the other side of the first heat insulating portion 30 by a person. Even if a load corresponding to the weight of a person is applied to the heat insulating material 3 by walking on the plane (the plane opposite to the surface 30A), the shape of the heat insulating material 3 does not deform and the original shape of the heat insulating material 3 is maintained. It is preferably constructed of a hard material that allows it. Further, it is preferable that the first heat insulating portion 30, the second heat insulating portion 31, and the plurality of spacer portions 32 constituting the heat insulating material 3 are made of a waterproof material. This is to reduce the deterioration of heat insulation performance. As a material satisfying the above conditions, for example, a resin or metal such as polypropylene can be mentioned as an example. The first heat insulating portion 30, the second heat insulating portion 31, and the plurality of spacer portions 32 may be made of different materials or may be made of the same material.

The heat insulating performance of a general heat insulating material such as a conventional hard urethane foam heat insulating material deteriorates in a short period of time in a place with high heat and humidity, but the present invention is formed of the above-mentioned hard waterproof material. With the heat insulating material 3 (for example, a convex sheet member), the heat insulating performance does not deteriorate in a short period of time even in a place with a lot of heat and humidity, and the heat insulating performance can be maintained for a long period of time. Further, even if water accumulates on the surface of the heat insulating material 3 surrounding the space S, an air flow is generated in the space S as well, so that the water can be vaporized and removed. As a result, the heat insulating performance can be maintained.

As shown in FIG. 4C, the spacer portion 32 may be provided so as to intervene only in or near the outer edge 30B of the first heat insulating surface 30A and the outer edge 31B of the second heat insulating surface 31A. In this case, a large space S can be provided between the first heat insulating surface 30A and the second heat insulating surface 31A.

Further, for example, as shown in FIGS. 4 (B) and 4 (C), at least a part of the space S in the heat insulating material 3 composed of the first heat insulating portion 30, the second heat insulating portion 31, and the plurality of spacer portions 32 is , A closed space surrounded by a first heat insulating portion 30, a second heat insulating portion 31, and a plurality of spacer portions 32 so as to be sealed from the outside. In this case, the space S does not communicate with the outside. A plurality of spaces S to be closed spaces may be provided in the heat insulating material 3. When there are a plurality of spaces S in the heat insulating material 3, all the spaces S may be closed spaces, some of the spaces S are closed spaces, and the remaining spaces S are spaces open to the outside. You may.

The first heat insulating portion 30, the second heat insulating portion 31, and the plurality of spacer portions 32 may all be integrally formed, and such an embodiment is also included in the present invention.

<Insulated side air conditioner>
The heat insulating side air conditioner 4 will be described with reference to FIG. The heat insulating side air conditioner 4 includes a heat insulating side air flow passage forming unit 40, a first heat insulating side external communication passage 41, a second heat insulating side external communication passage 42, a heat insulating side air flow generating unit 43, and a heat insulating side environmental index measuring unit. 44 and.

<Insulated side airflow passage forming part>
The heat insulating side airflow passage forming portion 40 forms the heat insulating side airflow passage 400 on the upper side of the heat insulating material 3 in the height direction H of the building. The heat-insulating side airflow passage forming portion 40 is composed of, for example, a heat-insulating side airflow passage forming main body portion 401 and a plurality of heat-insulating side convex portions 402.

The heat-insulating side airflow passage forming main body 401 and the plurality of heat-insulating side convex portions 402 are composed of the same as the building-side airflow passage forming main body 201 and the plurality of building-side convex portions 202, respectively, and the building-side airflow passage forming main body portion. Since the 201 and the plurality of building-side convex portions 202 have already been described, the description thereof will be omitted. Only the points peculiar to the heat insulating side airflow passage forming main body 401 and the plurality of heat insulating convex portions 402 will be described below.

In the present embodiment, when the heat insulating side airflow passage forming portion 40 is placed on the ceiling surface (hereinafter, referred to as the heat insulating side ceiling surface) 3A of the heat insulating material 3, the plurality of heat insulating side convex portions 402 are formed on the heat insulating material 3. It becomes convex toward the ceiling surface 3A on the heat insulating side of. Then, the top portions 402A of the plurality of heat insulating side convex portions 402 are in contact with the heat insulating side ceiling surface 3A of the heat insulating material 3. The plurality of heat insulating side convex portions 402 function as spacers for holding the sheet portion 401A in a state of being separated from the heat insulating side ceiling surface 3A of the heat insulating material 3 by a predetermined distance in the building height direction H. The seat portion 401A corresponds to the seat portion 201A.

The heat insulating side airflow passage 400 is composed of the heat insulating side ceiling surface 3A of the heat insulating material 3, the main body side facing surface 403, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the plurality of heat insulating side convex portions 402. The main body side facing surface 403 is a plane on one side of the sheet portion 401A (insulating side airflow passage forming main body portion 401) facing the heat insulating side ceiling surface 3A of the heat insulating material 3 in the height direction H of the building 100. .. When an air flow is generated in the heat insulating side airflow passage 400 by the heat insulating side airflow generating unit 43, the water vapor floating in the space in the heat insulating side airflow passage 400 is, for example, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 5, the heat insulating side convex portion 402. It slips through the space and moves to the first heat insulating side external communication passage 41. During that time, outside air is taken into the heat insulating side airflow passage 400 from the outside through the second heat insulating side external communication passage 42. As described above, when an air flow is generated in the heat insulating side airflow passage 400, the moisture adhering to the heat insulating material 3 can be evaporated and the temperature of the heat insulating material 3 can be lowered.

<External communication passage on the first heat insulation side>
The first heat insulating side external communication passage 41 communicates the space inside the heat insulating side airflow passage 400 with the outside. As shown in FIG. 6A, the first heat insulating side external communication passage 41 is composed of a building height direction extending passage 410 and a turn-back passage 411. The building height direction extending passage 410 and the folding passage 411 are configured in the same manner as the building height direction extending passage 210 and the folding passage 211, respectively, and the building side airflow passage forming main body 201 and the plurality of building side convex portions. Since 202 has already been described, the description thereof will be omitted. Only the points peculiar to the building height direction extending passage 410 and the turning passage 411 will be described below.

The building height direction extending passage 410 is above the waterproof sheet 5 (waterproof layer) starting from the through hole 404 of the heat insulating side airflow passage forming portion 40 (sheet portion 401A) along the height direction H of the building 100. It extends to the side. The through hole 404 corresponds to the through hole 204 of the building side airflow passage forming portion 20 (seat portion 201A) in the heat insulating side airflow passage forming portion 40 (seat portion 401A).

As described above, the opening 41A on one end side of the first heat insulating side external communication passage 41 (opening on the lower end side of the building height direction extending passage 410) is opened to the heat insulating side airflow passage 400. Further, the opening 41B on the other end side of the first heat insulating side external communication passage 41 (the opening proximal to the outside on the folded passage 411 side) 41B is opened to the outside.

<Second insulation side external communication passage>
The second heat insulating side external communication passage 42 communicates the space inside the heat insulating side airflow passage 400 with the outside. As shown in FIG. 6B, the second heat insulating side external communication passage 42 is composed of a building height direction extending passage 420 and a turn-back passage 421. The building height direction extension passage 420 and the turnaround passage 421 are the same as the building height direction extension passage 210 and the turnaround passage 211, and the above description can be applied here as well, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

As described above, the opening (opening on the lower end side of the building height direction extending passage 420) 42A on one end side of the second heat insulating side external communication passage 42 is opened to the heat insulating side airflow passage 400. Further, the opening 42B on the other end side of the second heat insulating side external communication passage 42 (the opening proximal to the outside on the folded passage 421 side) is opened to the outside.

One of the first heat insulating side external communication passage 41 and the second heat insulating side external communication passage 42 functions as a discharge passage for discharging the air flowing through the heat insulating side air flow passage 400, and the other functions as an exhaust passage for discharging the air flowing through the heat insulating side air flow passage 400. Functions as an outside air intake passage that takes in from the outside. In addition, in FIGS. 1 and 5, the first heat insulating side external communication passage 41 and the second heat insulating side external communication passage 42 are drawn as if they are provided one by one, but the present invention is limited to these. Instead, one of them may be provided in a plurality of forms, or both may be provided in a plurality of forms.

In the present embodiment, in the first heat insulating side external communication passage 41 and the second heat insulating side external communication passage 42, the space in the first heat insulating side external communication passage 41 and the second heat insulating side external communication passage 42 is the building side airflow passage 200. It is configured so that it does not communicate with the space inside. That is, the building height direction extending passages 410 and 420 do not extend below the building height direction H below the heat insulating material 3 (insulation layer). As a result, the air flow in the first heat insulating side external communication passage 41 and the second heat insulating side external communication passage 42 does not affect the air flow in the building side air flow passage 200.

<Adiabatic airflow generator>
The adiabatic side airflow generation unit 43 generates an air flow in the adiabatic side airflow passage 400. The adiabatic side airflow generation unit 43 may, for example, blow air into the adiabatic side airflow passage 400 to generate an air flow in the adiabatic side airflow passage 400, or may generate air inside the adiabatic side airflow passage 400. Intake may be used to generate an air flow in the adiabatic airflow passage 400, or air blow / intake may be used to generate an air flow in the adiabatic airflow passage 400.

The adiabatic side airflow generation unit 43 includes, for example, a fan 430, a fan mounting unit 431, and a fan drive unit 432. The fan 430, the fan mounting section 431, and the fan driving section 432 in the heat insulating side airflow generating section 43 are the same as the fan 230, the fan mounting section 231 and the fan driving section 232 in the building side airflow generating section 23. Since it can be applied here as well, the description thereof will be omitted.

The driving mode of the fan 430 is that the fan 430 is constantly driven at a predetermined rotation speed, or the fan 430 is driven when the temperature or humidity in the heat insulating material 3 or the heat insulating side airflow passage 400 exceeds a predetermined threshold value. Various driving modes such as a mode in which the fan 430 is stopped when the threshold value is not exceeded are included.

<Insulation side environmental index measurement unit>
The heat insulating side environmental index measuring unit 44 measures the environmental index (hereinafter, referred to as the heat insulating side environmental index) of the heat insulating material 3 or the heat insulating side airflow passage 400. The heat insulating side environmental index includes, for example, at least one of the temperature, humidity, and water content of the heat insulating material 3 or the heat insulating side airflow passage 400. The heat insulating side environmental index measuring unit 44 is composed of, for example, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a moisture content measuring sensor, and the like, and is installed in the heat insulating material 3 or the heat insulating side air flow passage 400.

The fan drive unit 432 (fan control unit 433) of the heat insulation side airflow generation unit 43 drives the fan 430 in conjunction with the measurement result of the heat insulation side environmental index measurement unit 44. That is, the adiabatic side airflow generation unit 43 generates an air flow in the adiabatic side airflow passage 400 in conjunction with the measurement result in the adiabatic side environmental index measurement unit 44. When the measurement result in the heat insulating side environmental index measuring unit 44 exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the fan driving unit 432 (fan control unit 433) drives the fan 430, and when the measurement result does not exceed the predetermined threshold value, the fan driving unit 432 (fan) As an example, the control unit 433) has a mode in which the fan 430 is stopped.

Further, the fan drive unit 432 (fan control unit 433) of the heat insulation side airflow generation unit 43 may drive the fan 430 in conjunction with the measurement result of the heat insulation side environmental index measurement unit 44. That is, the adiabatic side airflow generation unit 43 may generate an air flow in the adiabatic side airflow passage 400 in conjunction with the measurement result in the building side environmental index measurement unit 24. When the measurement result in the building side environmental index measurement unit 24 exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the fan drive unit 432 (fan control unit 433) drives the fan 430, and when the measurement result does not exceed the predetermined threshold value, the fan drive unit 432 (fan) As an example, the control unit 433) has a mode in which the fan 430 is stopped.

<Operation of air conditioner>
The operation of the air conditioner 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The building side air conditioner 2 and the heat insulating side air conditioner 4 operate independently of each other. In the building-side air conditioner 2, when an air flow is generated by the building-side airflow generation unit 23, outside air is released through the opening 22B on the other end side of the second building-side external communication passage 22 as shown by the arrow in FIG. It is taken into the building side airflow passage 200, and the taken-in air is taken into the opening 22A on one end side of the second building side external communication passage 22, the building side airflow passage 200, and the one end side of the first building side external communication passage 21. It passes through the openings (openings on the lower end side of the extending passage 210 in the building height direction) 21A in order, and is discharged from the openings 21B on the other end side of the external communication passage 21 on the first building side. An air flow is generated on the outdoor floor surface 110 of the building 100 while the air flow is generated by the building side airflow generating unit 23. As a result, the moisture contained in the building 100 is vaporized through the outdoor floor surface 110 of the building 100, and the vaporized moisture is discharged to the outside together with the air flow. Further, since the temperature of the building 100 can be lowered through the outdoor floor surface 110 of the building 100, it is effective when the temperature of the building 100 rises in summer.

The building-side airflow generation unit 23 may always generate an air flow, or the building-side environmental index measurement unit 24 may generate an air flow in conjunction with the measurement result.

In the building side air conditioner 2, when an air flow is generated by the heat insulating side airflow generating unit 43, the outside air is taken into the heat insulating side airflow passage 400 through the opening 42B on the other end side of the second heat insulating side external communication passage 42. The taken-in air passes through the opening 42A on one end side of the second heat insulating side external communication passage 42, the air flow passage 400 on the heat insulating side, and the opening 41A on one end side of the first heat insulating side external communication passage 41 in this order. It is discharged from the opening 41B on the other end side of the heat insulating side external communication passage 41. An air flow is generated on the heat insulating side ceiling surface 3A of the heat insulating material 3 while the air flow is generated by the heat insulating side air flow generating unit 43. As a result, the moisture contained in the heat insulating material 3 is vaporized through the ceiling surface 3A on the heat insulating side of the heat insulating material 3, and the vaporized water is discharged to the outside together with the air flow. Further, since the temperature of the heat insulating material 3 can be lowered through the ceiling surface 3A on the heat insulating side of the heat insulating material 3, it is effective when the temperature of the heat insulating material 3 rises in summer.

The adiabatic airflow generation unit 43 may always generate an air flow, and the air flow is linked to the measurement results of the adiabatic side environmental index measurement unit 44 and / or the building side environmental index measurement unit 24. May be generated.

In the present embodiment, the heat insulating material 3 becomes hot due to the sunlight from the sun. The temperature inside the building 100 rises due to the radiant heat from the heat insulating material 3. At this time, when the temperature inside the building 100 is low and the person inside the room feels cold, it is preferable to raise the temperature inside the room by using the radiant heat from the heat insulating material 3. In this case, when an air flow is generated in the heat insulating side airflow passage 400, the temperature of the heat insulating material 3 tends to drop, so that the heat insulating side airflow generating unit 43 does not generate the air flow. On the other hand, when the temperature inside the building 100 is high and the person inside the building feels hot, it is preferable to reduce the influence of the radiant heat from the heat insulating material 3. In this case, the heat insulating side airflow generating unit 43 generates an air flow in the heat insulating side airflow passage 400 to cool the heat insulating material 3 and lower the temperature of the heat insulating material 3. In the above case, the adiabatic airflow generation unit 43 operates in conjunction with the indoor temperature of the building 100 measured by the building side environmental index measurement unit 24.

Further, when the heat insulating material 3 is formed of a known material such as hard urethane foam, the amount of water contained in the heat insulating material 3 is an important factor in maintaining the performance of the heat insulating material 3. .. In order to maintain the performance of the heat insulating material 3, it is preferable that the amount of water contained in the heat insulating material 3 is low. When the amount of water contained in the heat insulating material 3 exceeds a certain threshold value, the heat insulating side airflow generating unit 43 generates an air flow in the heat insulating side airflow generating unit 43 in order to dry the heat insulating material 3. On the other hand, when the amount of water contained in the heat insulating material 3 does not exceed a certain threshold value, the heat insulating side airflow generating unit 43 does not generate an air flow in the heat insulating side airflow generating unit 43. In the above case, the heat insulating side airflow generating unit 43 operates in conjunction with the amount of water contained in the heat insulating material 3 measured by the heat insulating side environmental index measuring unit 44.

Further, when the adiabatic side airflow generation unit 43 is operated in consideration of the above factors in a complex manner, the adiabatic side airflow generation unit 43 is an environmental index of the building 100 (building 100) measured by the building side environmental index measurement unit 24. (Temperature, humidity, etc. in the room), and the environmental index of the heat insulating material 3 or the heat insulating side airflow passage 400 measured by the heat insulating side environmental index measuring unit 44.

<Second embodiment>
The air conditioner 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 7. The air conditioner 1 is installed on the outdoor floor surface 110 of the building 100. The difference between the air conditioner 1 in the second embodiment of the present invention and the air conditioner 1 in the first embodiment of the present invention is the aspect of the heat insulating side airflow passage forming portion 40.

In the present embodiment, when the heat insulating side airflow passage forming portion 40 is placed on the heat insulating side ceiling surface 3A of the heat insulating material 3, the plurality of heat insulating side convex portions 402 form the ceiling surface of the heat insulating side airflow passage forming main body portion 401 (hereinafter, It is called the ceiling surface on the main body side.) It becomes convex from 401B toward the upper side in the height direction H of the building. That is, the plurality of heat insulating side convex portions 402 are convex toward the waterproof sheet 5 (waterproof layer) which is the uppermost layer.

Then, the top portions 402A of the plurality of heat insulating side convex portions 402 are in contact with the surface (hereinafter, referred to as the convex portion side contact surface) 5A on the side of the waterproof sheet 5 facing the main body side ceiling surface 401B. On the other hand, the sheet portion 401A is in contact with the heat insulating side ceiling surface 3A of the heat insulating material 3. The plurality of heat insulating side convex portions 402 function as spacers for holding the waterproof sheet 5 in a state of being separated from the sheet portion 401A by a predetermined distance in the building height direction H.

The heat insulating side airflow passage 400 is composed of the convex side contact surface 5A of the waterproof sheet 5, the main body side ceiling surface 401B of the sheet portion 401A, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the plurality of heat insulating side convex portions 402. The convex side contact surface 5A is a flat surface on the waterproof sheet 5 on the lower side of the building 100 in the height direction H. That is, the heat insulating side airflow passage 400 is formed by the waterproof sheet 5 and the heat insulating side airflow passage forming portion 40.

A contact portion having a surface corresponding to the convex side contact surface 5A may be separately arranged between the waterproof sheet 5 and the heat insulating side airflow passage forming portion 40. The contact portion constitutes a layer (contact layer) interposed between the heat insulating material 3 (heat insulating layer) and the waterproof sheet 5 (waterproof layer). In this case, the heat insulating side airflow passage 400 is composed of the heat insulating side airflow passage forming portion 40 and the contact portion.

The air conditioner 1 and the heat insulating material 3 of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

1 Air conditioner 2 Building side air conditioner 3 Insulation material 3A Insulation side ceiling surface 4 Insulation side air conditioner 5 Waterproof sheet 5A Convex side contact surface 20 Building side airflow passage forming part 21 First building side external communication passage 21B, 22A, 22B , 41A, 41B, 42A, 42B Opening 22 Second building side external communication passage 23 Building side air conditioner generation part 24 Building side environmental index measurement part 30 First heat insulation part 30A First heat insulation surface 30B Outer edge of first heat insulation surface 31 Second Insulation part 31A Second heat insulation surface 31B Outer edge of second heat insulation surface 32 Spacer part 33 First heat insulation side convex part 33A, 34A Top 34 Second heat insulation side convex part 40 Insulation side air conditioner formation part 41 First heat insulation side external communication passage 42 Second heat insulation side external communication passage 43 Insulation side air conditioner generation part 44 Insulation side environmental index measurement part 100 Building 110 Outdoor floor surface 200 Building side air conditioner passage 201 Building side air conditioner passage formation Main body part 201A, 401A Seat part 202 Building side convex part 202A Top of the convex part on the building side 203 Facing surface on the building side 204,404 Through hole 205 Ceiling surface 206 Concave part on the building side 210, 220, 410, 420 Extended passage in the building height direction 210A Upper side end 210B Outer surface 211,221, 411,421 Folded passage 212 Covered body 212A Inner peripheral surface 230,430 Fan 231,431 Fan mounting part 232,432 Fan drive part 233,433 Fan control part 234 Solar battery 235 Storage battery 400 Insulated side air conditioner 401 Insulated side air conditioner Formed main body 401B Main body side ceiling surface 402 Insulation side convex part 402A Insulation side convex part top 403 Main body side facing surface

Claims (5)

Insulation material used in buildings
The first heat insulating part having the first heat insulating surface and
A second heat insulating portion having a second heat insulating surface facing the first heat insulating surface at a position separated by a predetermined distance,
A plurality of spacer portions provided between the first heat insulating surface and the second heat insulating surface,
It is characterized by having
Insulation material. The spacer part
The first heat insulating side convex portion, which is convex starting from the first heat insulating surface,
A second heat insulating side convex portion that is convex starting from the second heat insulating surface,
Have,
The first heat insulating side convex portion and the second heat insulating side convex portion are characterized in that they come into contact with each other at their respective tops.
The heat insulating material according to claim 1. The spacer part
It is characterized by being composed of a first heat insulating side convex portion that is convex starting from the first heat insulating surface, or a second heat insulating side convex portion that is convex starting from the second heat insulating surface.
The heat insulating material according to claim 1. The first heat insulating portion and the first heat insulating portion are formed in a sheet shape, and the first heat insulating side convex portion and the second heat insulating side convex portion are formed in a columnar shape.
The heat insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The first heat insulating portion, the second heat insulating portion, and the spacer portion are made of a resin.
The heat insulating material according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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