JP2021012158A - Distance measuring apparatus, distance measurement unit, and distance measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a distance measuring apparatus capable of easily and quickly measuring a distance from an opening of a reaction tube to granular solid matters with which the reaction tube is filled, a distance measurement unit, and a distance measuring method.SOLUTION: A distance measuring apparatus 10 is used to measure a distance from an opening 911 formed at an end part in an axial length direction D2 of a reaction tube 910 to granular solid matters 920 of a catalyst and/or inactive substance with which the reaction tube is filled in non-contact. The distance measuring apparatus has: a length measuring device 100; and a guide member 200 connected to the length measuring device. The guide member has a part to be inserted through an opening of at least one of a plurality of reaction tubes and/or the guide member at least has a part having a surface in contact with an end part of the opening of at least one of the plurality of reaction tubes and a part that can contact a part of a wall surface of at least one of the plurality of reaction tubes.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a distance measuring device, a distance measuring unit, and a distance measuring method.

In the field of the petrochemical industry, many contact reactions such as hydrocarbon decomposition reaction, modification reaction, oxidation reaction, ammoxidation reaction, and reduction reaction using a multi-tube reactor are carried out. The reactors used for these reactions are equipped with thousands to tens of thousands of reactor tubes, and the reactor tubes are filled with granular solids such as catalysts and inert substances suitable for each contact reaction ( Hereinafter, granular solids such as catalysts filled inside the reactor tube may be simply referred to as "solids" or "fillers"). For example, in Patent Document 1, a layer filled with an inert substance is provided between a layer filled with a catalyst for a first-stage reaction and a layer filled with a catalyst for a second-stage reaction, and one heat exchange type multi-tube reactor is used. A method for producing acrylic acid from propylene by a two-step catalytic gas phase oxidation reaction is disclosed.

In order to carry out the reaction in a preferable state using the multi-tube reactor as described above, it is important to keep the filling height of the filling within a certain control range. If the filling height of the catalyst in each reaction tube is not constant, the reaction in each reaction tube may vary, leading to a decrease in the reaction rate and yield as a whole, or a runaway reaction in some reaction tubes. There is a risk of doing so. For example, in Patent Document 2, the difference between the filling height of each reaction tube and the average value of the filling height is set to be within ± 20% of the average value of the filling height, and each reaction tube is catalysted. A method for filling a catalyst, which comprises filling the mixture, is disclosed. Therefore, usually, the work of measuring the filling height is performed at the time of the catalyst filling work.

When measuring the filling height of a filling material, there is a method in which a rod-shaped or plate-shaped measuring tool such as a piano wire or a metal scale is physically inserted into a reaction tube and the tip thereof is brought into contact with the filling material for measurement.

As a non-contact measurement method, Patent Document 3 measures the filling height of a granular material by injecting an acoustic pulse from one end of the tubular body and receiving a reflected wave reflected on the surface of the filled granular material. The technology is described.

In Patent Document 4, when the particles are filled in the container, the deposited surface is scanned with a laser beam, the reflected light is detected, and a triangle is formed from the position of a specific scanning point at the time of measurement, the emission position of the laser beam, and the detection position. Techniques for measuring deposit height by method are described.

In Patent Document 5, when a solid catalyst is filled in a reaction tube from above the reaction tube, the catalyst is filled with a diffuse reflection type photoelectric sensor inserted in the reaction tube, and the catalyst is irradiated downward from the photoelectric sensor. A technique for measuring the filling height of the catalyst based on the magnitude of the amount of received light that is reflected on the surface of the catalyst filled with the detected light and returned to the light receiving portion is described. It is stated that the photoelectric sensor used has a detection distance in the range of 90 to 1000 mm using white drawing paper as a standard detection object.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-130722 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-340267 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-97934 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 07-242337 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-200772

However, in the method of inserting a measuring tool such as a piano wire or a metal scale, generally, a rod having a length of several meters is inserted into the reaction tube, and the operation of pulling out from the reaction tube after measurement is repeated, so that the measurement takes a long time. Needs.

Furthermore, it is difficult to avoid contact between the measuring tool and the filling. Since some fillers such as catalysts are fragile, they may not exhibit the desired reaction performance when they are destroyed by contact with a measuring tool.

Since the method using sound waves described in Patent Document 3 is greatly affected by the measurement temperature, temperature correction is required each time the measurement environment changes, and it cannot be said that the device is a simple device. Further, Patent Document 3 also mentions a measurement method using a laser, but it is difficult to obtain reflected light due to a problem of reflection on the uneven upper surface of the granular packing, bending of the reaction tube, etc. It is stated that no measurement is possible.

The technique described in Patent Document 4 requires scanning of a laser beam and is suitable for non-contact measurement of the deposition height of a filling material in a large-diameter container. In fact, in the embodiment of Patent Document 4, particles are filled in a cylindrical container having a diameter of about 3 m. Therefore, the technique described in Patent Document 4 refers to a filling material filled inside a large number of relatively small-diameter pipe bodies provided in a reactor from an opening formed at an end portion in the axial length direction of the pipe body. Not suitable for measuring the distance of.

The technique described in Patent Document 5 uses white drawing paper as a standard detection object and uses a photoelectric sensor having a detection distance in the range of 90 to 1000 mm. When measuring the filling height of the packing, although it can be measured non-contactly, it is necessary to insert the photoelectric sensor within a range of 90 to 1000 mm above the filling in the reaction tube. Therefore, as in the method using a measuring tool such as a piano wire, the operation of inserting the photoelectric sensor into the reaction tube and removing it from the reaction tube after the measurement is repeated, so that the measurement takes a long time.

The inventors considered that the problem of the laser irradiation direction could be cited as another reason why sufficient reflected light could not be obtained by the laser measurement method. When the laser is not irradiated parallel to the tube axis, a part of the laser hits the tube wall, the filling is not exposed to a sufficient amount of laser light, and sufficient reflected light cannot be obtained. As a result, the distance between the opening of the reaction tube and the filling cannot be detected, or the distance between the opening of the reaction tube and the tube wall is erroneously measured.

The long distance between the opening of the reaction tube and the filling can reach several meters. Although it depends on this distance, geometrically, for example, when the distance to the filling is 7 m and the reaction tube diameter is 30 mm, the laser irradiation direction must be kept within 0.25 degrees on the tube wall. The laser hits. Hold a hand-held laser rangefinder on the market by hand and fine-tune the irradiation direction within 0.25 degrees to sequentially adjust the distance of the filling material filled in multiple reaction tubes in the multi-tube reactor. It is unrealistic and difficult to measure.

Against this background, the inventors have conceived a measurement method for measuring distance by equipping a non-contact type length measuring device such as a laser type or a microwave type with a mechanism for irradiating the length parallel to the tube axis. By using a distance measuring device equipped with this parallel irradiation mechanism, the distance from the opening of the reaction tube to the filling (hereinafter, also referred to as "space length") can be measured stably and quickly without contact. After confirmation, the present invention was invented.

Therefore, the present invention presents a distance measuring device, a distance measuring unit, and a distance measuring method capable of easily and quickly measuring the distance from the opening of the reaction tube to the granular solid matter filled inside the reaction tube. The purpose is to provide.

The distance measuring device of one embodiment of the present invention is a reactor having a plurality of reaction tubes arranged in parallel with each other, and the axial length of the reaction tube is obtained for at least a part of the reaction tubes. The distance from the opening formed at the end of the direction to the granular solid of the catalyst and / or the inert substance filled inside the reactor tube is measured non-contactly. The distance measuring device includes a length measuring device and a guide member connected to the length measuring device. The guide member has a portion inserted into at least one of the reaction tubes from the opening of the reaction tube, and / or the guide member is at least one of the reaction tubes. It has at least a portion having a surface in contact with the end of the opening of the reaction tube and a portion capable of contacting a part of the wall surface of at least one of the reaction tubes.

The distance measuring unit of another form of the present invention is a reactor having a plurality of reaction tubes arranged in parallel with each other, and the axial length of the reaction tube is obtained for at least a part of the reaction tubes. The distance from the opening formed at the end of the direction to the granular solid of the catalyst and / or the inert substance filled inside the reactor tube is measured non-contactly. The distance measuring unit has a plurality of length measuring instruments, a guide member connected to at least one length measuring instrument, and a connecting portion for connecting the plurality of length measuring instruments to each other, and is connected by the connecting portion. The measurement directions of the plurality of length measuring instruments are parallel to each other, and the guide member has a portion inserted into the inside through the opening of at least one of the reaction tubes of the reaction tubes, and / or. The guide member is in contact with a portion of the plurality of reaction tubes having a surface in contact with the end of the opening of the reaction tube and a part of the wall surface of at least one of the reaction tubes. It has at least a possible site.

In another aspect of the distance measuring method of the present invention, in a reactor having a plurality of reaction tubes arranged in parallel with each other, the axial length of the reaction tube is obtained for at least a part of the reaction tubes. This is a non-contact method for measuring the distance from the opening formed at the end of the direction to the granular solid matter of the catalyst and / or the inert substance filled inside the reactor tube. In this distance measuring method, at least a part of the guide member connected to the length measuring device is inserted into the inside through the opening of at least one of the reaction tubes of the plurality of reaction tubes, and / or into the length measuring device. At least a part of the connected guide member is brought into contact with the end of the opening of at least one of the reaction tubes of the plurality of reaction tubes, and the distance is measured non-contactly by the length measuring device.

According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the deviation width in which the measurement direction measured by the length measuring device deviates from the axial length direction of the reaction tube, and the distance from the opening to the granular solid matter filled inside the reaction tube can be reduced. It is possible to measure easily and quickly without contact.

In order for the reactor to carry out the reaction in a preferable state, it is important to keep the filling height of the packing in the reaction tube within a certain control range. By being able to measure the distance quickly without damaging the filling such as fragile catalyst, it is possible to shorten the construction period during filling / replacement work of the filling, reduce the cost associated with the work, and improve the operating rate of the plant. Can also contribute to.

It is a front view which shows the distance measuring apparatus of 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which follows line 2-2 of FIG. FIG. 3 (A) shows the distance from the opening formed at the end of the reaction tube in the axial length direction to the granular solid matter of the catalyst and / or the inert substance filled inside the reaction tube. A diagram schematically showing the state of non-contact measurement by the distance measuring device of the form, FIG. 3 (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 3B-3B of FIG. 3 (A). 4 (A) and 4 (B) are diagrams schematically showing how the direction of the measurement direction measured by the length measuring instrument deviates from the axial length direction of the reaction tube. It is explanatory drawing explaining the relationship between the clearance between a guide member and a reaction tube, and the length of a guide member. It is explanatory drawing explaining the relationship between the clearance between the guide member of the insertion method of 2nd Embodiment, and a reaction tube, and the length of a guide member. It is explanatory drawing explaining the relationship between the clearance between the guide member and the reaction tube of the insertion method of 3rd Embodiment, and the length of a guide member. 8 (A), 8 (B), and 8 (C) explain the relationship between the clearance between the guide member and the reaction tube of the insertion method of the fourth embodiment and the length of the guide member. It is explanatory drawing. When the rod insertion type guide member has four rod-shaped members and the rod-shaped members are arranged concentrically, but are not arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, the guide member and the reaction tube It is explanatory drawing explaining the relationship of the clearance between. The guide member and the reaction tube when the rod insertion type guide member has four rod-shaped members, and the rod-shaped members are not arranged concentrically and are not arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. It is explanatory drawing explaining the relationship of the clearance with. FIG. 11A is an explanatory view for explaining the clearance when the guide member has a shape in which the substantially middle portion in the longitudinal direction is constricted, and FIG. 11B is a guide when the cross section of the guide member has a triangular shape. It is explanatory drawing explaining the length of a member. It is a figure which shows simply shows the reactor provided with a plurality of reaction tubes. It is a figure which shows typically the mode that the distance from the opening of a reaction tube to a solid matter is measured non-contactly by the distance measuring apparatus of 5th Embodiment. 14 (A) and 14 (B) are cross-sectional views corresponding to FIG. 3 (B) showing the guide members of the sixth and seventh embodiments. It is a perspective view which shows the guide member of 8th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the guide member of 9th Embodiment. 17 (A), 17 (B), and 17 (C) are cross-sectional views showing guide members of the tenth embodiment, the eleventh embodiment, and the twelfth embodiment. FIG. 18A is a cross-sectional view showing the guide member of the thirteenth embodiment, and FIG. 18B is a cross-sectional view showing an enlarged portion of 18B surrounded by the alternate long and short dash line of FIG. 18A. is there. 19 (A) is a view showing the guide member of the 14th embodiment, and FIG. 19 (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 19B-19B of FIG. 19 (A). It is a figure which shows the guide member of the fifteenth embodiment. 21 (A) is a view showing the guide member of the 16th embodiment, and FIG. 21 (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 21B-21B of FIG. 21 (A). 22 (A), 22 (B), 22 (C), and 22 (D) are cross-sectional views schematically showing an example of combining different types of guide members. It is a front view which shows the distance measuring apparatus of 17th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which follows the line 24-24 of FIG. It is sectional drawing which follows the line 25-25 of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the distance measuring apparatus of 18th Embodiment. It is a top view which shows typically the distance measuring unit of 19th Embodiment which includes 2 or more plurality of length measuring instruments, together with a plurality of reaction tubes arranged in parallel with each other. It is a figure for demonstrating the example of the inverse proportional defect which does not have a guide member.

The distance measuring device of the present invention is a reactor having a plurality of reaction tubes arranged in parallel with each other, and the catalyst and the catalyst filled inside the reaction tube through an opening formed at the axial end of the reaction tube. / Or the distance of the inert substance to the granular solid can be measured non-contactly. The distance can be measured only for a part of the reactor tube contained in the reactor, or for all the reactor tubes contained in the reactor. That is, the distance can be measured for at least a part of the reaction tubes among the plurality of reaction tubes. The distance measuring device includes a length measuring device and a guide member connected to the length measuring device. When measuring the above distance, the measuring operator generally directs the measuring direction measured by the length measuring device in the axial length direction of the reaction tube, if not exactly parallel. However, since the measuring worker measures while holding the distance measuring device by hand, the direction (angle) and position of the measuring device in the measuring direction may deviate. Even if the direction (angle) or position of the length measuring instrument in the measuring direction is deviated, the guide member exerts a function of suppressing the deviating width by contacting a part of the reaction tube, so that the measurement is possible.

As one embodiment in which the guide member exerts the above function, the guide member can have a portion inserted into the inside through the opening of at least one reaction tube of a plurality of reaction tubes. A guide member having a portion to be inserted into the inside through the opening of the reaction tube may also be referred to as an "insertion method" for convenience of explanation. It is not essential that the insertion type guide member is in contact with a part of the reaction tube at the moment when the distance is measured by the length measuring device. The length measuring instrument can measure the distance even when the insertion type guide member is separated from a part of the reaction tube.

As another aspect in which the guide member exerts the above function, the guide member has a portion having a surface (hereinafter, also referred to as “lid surface”) in contact with the end of the opening of at least one reaction tube of the plurality of reaction tubes. It can have at least a portion that can contact a part of the wall surface of at least one reaction tube of a plurality of reaction tubes. For convenience of explanation, the guide member having a portion for covering the opening of the reaction tube may also be referred to as a “cap method”.

In the cap method, the lid surface comes into contact with (mounts) the entire upper end of the reaction tube. The upper end of the reaction tube is generally orthogonal to the axial length direction. Therefore, the direction (angle) of the length measuring instrument in the measuring direction is basically not tilted from the axial length direction. However, just by closing the lid, the length measuring instrument may move in the horizontal direction and the position may shift. Therefore, the cap type guide member needs to function as a stopper that suppresses the movement in the horizontal direction, and by providing a portion that can come into contact with a part of the wall surface of at least one reaction tube of a plurality of reaction tubes. Demonstrate function.

The reaction tube into which the guide member is inserted or covered with the guide member is not limited to the reaction tube for measuring the distance from the opening to the solid material (hereinafter, also referred to as “reaction tube to be measured”). The insertion type guide member can be inserted into another reaction tube arranged parallel to the reaction tube to be measured. The cap-type guide member can cover other reaction tubes arranged parallel to the reaction tube to be measured.

The distance measuring device can connect a plurality of guide members to one length measuring device. The plurality of guide members do not have to be of the same type. The insertion type guide member and the cap type guide member can be mixed and used. Insert or cover one of the plurality of guide members into the reaction tube to be measured, and insert or cover the other at least one guide member into another reaction tube different from the reaction tube to be measured. can do. It is also possible to insert or cover all the guide members into a reaction tube different from the reaction tube to be measured.

The one guide member is not limited to the case where only one of the insertion method and the cap method is provided. The one guide member may be provided with both an insertion method and a cap method.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention and various modifications will be described with reference to the attached drawings. The following description does not limit the technical scope and meaning of terms described in the claims. In addition, the dimensional ratios in the drawings are exaggerated for convenience of explanation and may differ from the actual ratios. Further, the range "X to Y" shown in the present specification means "X or more and Y or less".

<Distance measuring device 10 (first embodiment)>
First, the distance measuring device 10 of the first embodiment will be described.

1 and 2 are views showing the distance measuring device 10 of the first embodiment. FIG. 3A shows from the opening 911 formed at the end of the reaction tube 910 in the axial length direction D2 to the granular solid 920 of the catalyst and / or the inert substance filled inside the reaction tube 910. A diagram schematically showing how the distance is measured non-contactly by the distance measuring device 10, FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 3B-3B of FIG. 3A. Further, FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically showing a reactor 900 provided with a plurality of reaction tubes 910 and measuring the distance from the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910 to the solid matter 920. .. The axial length direction D2 of the reaction tube 910 is the vertical direction in FIGS. 3 (A) and 12.

With reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 3 (A), 3 (B), and 12, the distance measuring device 10 of the first embodiment is generally described as a plurality of reaction tubes arranged in parallel with each other. In the reactor 900 having the 910, at least a part of the reaction tubes 910 of the plurality of reaction tubes 910 is filled inside the reaction tube 910 from the opening 911 formed at the end of the reaction tube 910 in the axial length direction D2. It is used to non-contactly measure the distance of the catalyst and / or inert material to the granular solid 920. The distance measuring device 10 has a length measuring device 100 and a guide member 200 connected to the length measuring device 100. The distance measuring device 10 of the first embodiment has an insertion type guide member. The guide member 200 can have a portion to be inserted inside from the opening 911 of at least one reaction tube 910 of the plurality of reaction tubes 910, and the reaction tube 910 into which the guide member 200 is inserted is the reaction tube 910 to be measured. Is. Reference numeral D1 shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 (A) indicates a measurement direction measured by the length measuring device 100.

The model of the length measuring device 100 is not limited as long as it measures the distance in a non-contact manner. As the length measuring device 100, for example, a known device that measures a distance in a non-contact manner using a laser or a microwave can be used, and a laser type length measuring device is particularly preferable.

The principle of the laser length measuring instrument can be roughly divided into a triangular ranging type, a time of flight type, and a phase difference type, but the principle is not particularly limited. The type of laser is not particularly limited, but a laser having a wavelength of 635 nm is generally used. Examples of laser rangefinder models include a laser rangefinder manufactured by Bosch Corporation (model number GLM50C, model number GLM150C, etc.) and a laser rangefinder manufactured by Leica Geosystems Co., Ltd. (Leica DISTO (registered trademark) D1. , Leica DISTO (registered trademark) D810, Leica DISTO (registered trademark) X3, etc.) and other handy type models are on sale. Some laser length measuring instruments come with an inclination measuring function that displays the inclination of the main body, which is preferable because it can be used as an index when calibrating the irradiation direction. In addition to the handy type, module type models such as the laser distance sensor (LDS-7A, etc.) manufactured by Takenaka Denshi Kogyo Co., Ltd., which is used by incorporating it into a PC or device, are also on sale. The vessel can also be applied to the present invention.

The length measuring device 100 generally has a window (lens portion) through which an irradiation wave for distance measurement and a reflected wave returned from the solid matter 920 pass.

With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the guide member 200 can be connected to the lower surface of the length measuring instrument 100 with an adhesive, a screw, or the like. The guide member 200 can have a structure that does not obstruct the passage of the irradiation wave and the reflected wave for distance measurement. For example, the guide member 200 can be provided with a through hole 221 through which the irradiation wave for distance measurement and the reflected wave returned from the solid object 920 pass, and a hollow portion continuous with the through hole 221.

As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, at least a part of the guide member 200 is inserted into the reaction tube 910 through the opening 911. As described above, the guide member 200 is displaced by contacting a part of the reaction tube 910 so that the measurement can be performed even if the direction (angle) or position of the measurement direction D1 of the length measuring instrument 100 is displaced. It has a function to suppress the width. The guide member 200 limits the direction of the measurement direction D1, and the measurement direction D1 of the length measuring instrument 100 faces the axial length direction D2. Here, "facing" means that the measurement direction D1 measured by the length measuring device 100, that is, the irradiation direction of the irradiation wave for distance measurement (for example, the laser light of the laser length measuring device) is substantially parallel to the axial length direction D2. Means to be.

In FIGS. 3A and 3B, reference numeral Φ1 represents the inner diameter of the reaction tube 910, reference numeral Φ2 represents the outer diameter of the guide member 200 having a pipe shape, and reference numeral CL represents the guide member 200. It represents the clearance with the reaction tube 910. In addition, in FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, the guide member 200 and the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 are in contact with each other in order to show the clearance CL, but when actually measuring the distance, The guide member 200 and the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 do not necessarily have to be in contact with each other.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 4 (A) and 4 (B), the maximum allowable deviation angle θ1 capable of measuring the distance from the opening 911 to the solid object 920 by the length measuring device 100 will be described. ..

As shown in FIGS. 4 (A) and 4 (B), the position of irradiating the irradiation wave for distance measurement (for example, the laser light of the laser length measuring instrument) is limited to the center of the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910. I can't. FIG. 4 (A) schematically shows a state in which the irradiation wave for distance measurement is irradiated from the center of the opening 911, and FIG. 4 (B) shows the irradiation wave for distance measurement from the inner peripheral edge of the opening 911. The state of irradiation is schematically shown. The angle θ shown in FIGS. 4 (A) and 4 (B) indicates the deviation angle of the measurement direction D1 of the length measuring instrument 100 from the axial length direction D2 of the reaction tube 910. The deviation angle θ shown in FIG. 4B is the maximum allowable deviation angle θ1 at which the distance to the solid object 920 can be measured. The guide member 200 exhibits a function of suppressing a deviation width in the measurement direction D1. Therefore, the guide member 200 sets the angle formed by the axial length direction D2 of the reaction tube 910 and the measurement direction D1 measured by the length measuring device 100 to be less than the maximum allowable angle θ1 represented by the following equation (1). Can be done.

θ1 = arctan (Φ1 / L1) (1)
Here,
Φ1: Inner diameter of the reaction tube 910 L1: Maximum distance in the axial length direction D2 from the opening 911 to the solid matter 920.

In this way, by setting the deviation angle of the measurement direction D1 to less than the maximum allowable angle θ1, the guide member 200 measures even if the direction (angle) or position of the measurement direction D1 is deviated within the range of the maximum distance L1. Measurement with the length device 100 becomes possible.

Here, as a preferable angle range set by the guide member 200, when θ1 is 100% in the range of 0 ° to θ1, it is preferably 90% or less, and even more preferably 80%.

The lower limit of the angle range is most preferably 0%, but may exceed 0%, and may be further 5% or more.

It should be noted that the base θ1 cannot be obtained unless the “maximum distance L1 in the axial length direction D2 from the opening 911 to the solid matter 920” is uniquely determined. In general, in order to carry out the reaction in a good state, the allowable range of the space length is determined and the catalyst or the like is filled, and whether or not it is within the range is actually determined by checking the layer length. .. Therefore, in the present specification, the "maximum distance L1 in the axial length direction D2 from the opening 911 to the solid matter 920" means "the measurement of the filling height according to the present invention for the space length from the opening 911 to the solid matter 920". It is defined as "the maximum value of the allowable space length that is predetermined rather than the above."

For example, when a reaction tube having a tube length of 5000 mm is filled with a catalyst or the like with a planned layer length of 1000 mm and a layer length allowable width of ± 50 mm, the maximum allowable space length from the opening of the reaction tube to the solid matter at the top of the packed layer is maximum. The value is 5000-1000 + 50 = 4050 mm. Sometimes, regarding the standard of the allowable range, when the average layer length is derived by measuring the layer length of the number that can represent the entire reactor, and the standard of the allowable range such as ± 5% is set for the average layer length. There is also. In that case, measure the number of layers that can represent the entire reactor with a tape measure to derive the average layer length, and set ± 5% of the average layer length as the allowable range, and set the maximum allowable space length L1. It may be calculated. When the present invention is to be applied to the measurement work of the number of layers that can represent the entire reactor, the maximum value of the space length before filling of the solid matter to be measured is treated as L1 for convenience, and the shape of the guide member 200. Should be determined. Here, the "maximum value of the space length before filling of the solid matter" means the opening of the reaction tube and already filling when the reaction tube is already filled with some solid matter before the filling of the solid matter to be measured. It refers to the maximum value of the space length with the solid matter, and when there is no such filling (when the solid matter is first filled), the length of the reaction tube is the maximum value of the space length as it is. Become. Similarly, even when the allowable range is not set before the measurement of the space length, the maximum value of the space length before filling of the solid matter to be measured is treated as L1 for convenience, and the shape of the guide member 200 is changed. You just have to decide.

Next, with reference to FIG. 5, the relationship between the clearance between the guide member 200 and the reaction tube 910 and the length of the guide member 200 will be described.

FIG. 5 schematically shows a state in which the guide member 200 having a pipe shape is inserted into the reaction tube 910. The guide member 200 can be slightly tilted by the clearance CL with the reaction tube 910. The upper right end of the guide member 200 in the drawing contacts the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910, and the lower left end in the drawing contacts the inner wall surface 912, so that the guide member 200 cannot be tilted any further.

In FIG. 5,
Φ1: Inner diameter of reaction tube 910 L1: Maximum distance in axial length direction D2 from opening 911 to solid matter 920 CLW: Width of clearance between guide member 200 and reaction tube 910 L2: Length of guide member 200. ..

In the right triangle ΔABC, the side a of the two sides a and b sandwiching the right angle indicates the width CLW of the clearance between the guide member 200 and the reaction tube 910. Since the inclination angle of the guide member 200 is small, the dimension of the clearance width CLW can be regarded as the same as the clearance CL (CLW≈CL). Since the angle formed by the side b with the hypotenuse c (= L2) is small, the dimensions of the side b can be regarded as the same as L2 (b≈L2). Therefore, the angle α of the apex A of the right triangle ΔABC is α = arctan (CL / L2).

Further, in the right triangle ΔDEF, the dimension of the side d of the two sides d and e sandwiching the right angle is 0.5 × Φ1, and the dimension of the side e is L1. Therefore, the angle β of the apex D of the right triangle ΔDEF is β = arctan (0.5 × Φ1 / L1).

In order for the length measuring device 100 to be able to measure even if the measurement direction D1 deviates within the range of the maximum distance L1, the angle α <angle β may be satisfied. Therefore,
CL / L2 <0.5 × Φ1 / L1
You just have to satisfy the relationship.

As described above, the guide member 200 can satisfy the relationship between the clearance (CL) with the reaction tube 910 and the length (L2) represented by the following formula (2).

CL / L2 <0.5 × Φ1 / L1 (2)
Here,
Φ1: Inner diameter of the reaction tube 910 L1: Maximum distance in the axial length direction D2 from the opening 911 to the solid matter 920 CL: Clearance between the guide member 200 and the reaction tube 910 L2: The length of the guide member 200.

By satisfying the relationship represented by the equation (2) in this way, it is possible to measure with the length measuring instrument 100 even if the direction (angle) or position of the measurement direction D1 deviates within the range of the maximum distance L1. Become.

With reference to FIGS. 3 (A) and 3 (B) again, the guide member 200 has a pipe shape inserted into the reaction tube 910 with a clearance CL between the guide member 200 and the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910. Can have.

The clearance CL between the guide member 200 and the reaction tube 910 is represented by the following equation (3).

CL = Φ1-Φ2 (3)
Here,
Φ1: Inner diameter of reaction tube 910 Φ2: Outer diameter of guide member 200 having a pipe shape

The inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 can have a circular shape in a plane orthogonal to the axial length direction D2. The guide member 200 can be provided with an arc portion that can come into contact with the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 on a plane orthogonal to the axial length direction D2. Since the guide member 200 has a pipe shape, the guide member 200 can be easily and inexpensively formed by using a general-purpose pipe material.

In FIGS. 3 (A) and 3 (B), the dimensions of the clearance CL are exaggerated for ease of understanding. When the clearance CL between the outer peripheral surface of the guide member 200 having a pipe shape and the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 is sufficiently narrow, the guide member 200 can be simply inserted through the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910 by the length measuring instrument 100. The measurement direction D1 to be measured can be directed to the axial length direction D2 of the reaction tube 910. As a result, the distance from the opening 911 to the solid matter 920 can be reliably measured. On the other hand, if the clearance CL is too narrow, it may be difficult to insert the guide member 200. According to the experiments of the inventors, the guide member 200 can be inserted without any trouble when the clearance CL is 0.2 to 1.5 mm. For example, in a reaction tube having an inner diameter Φ1 of 25 mm, the guide member has a clearance of 0.3 mm. When the length of 200 is 200 mm, the target distance from the opening 911, which is about 7 m, can be measured, and when the clearance is 1.0 mm and the length of the guide member 200 is 200 mm, the target distance from the opening 911 can be measured. It has been confirmed that a certain measurement of about 2 m can be performed.

Regarding the length L2 of the guide member 200, if it is too long, it takes time to insert it, but if it is too short, the guide member 200 will be loose. From these viewpoints, the length L2 of the guide member 200 can be set in an appropriate range. For example, the length L2 of the guide member 200 is preferably 50 mm to 300 mm. Further, the suitable outer diameter of the guide member 200 varies depending on the inner diameter Φ1 of the reaction tube 910, but is generally preferably 15 mm to 60 mm. The clearance CL is preferably 0.2 to 1.5 mm.

6, FIGS. 7, and 8 (A) to 8 (C) show the guide members 201, 202, 203 and the reaction tube 910 of the insertion method of the second embodiment, the third embodiment, and the fourth embodiment. It is explanatory drawing explaining the relationship between the clearance between and the length of guide members 201, 202, 203.

The insertion type guide member is not limited to the case where it has the pipe shape shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the guide member 201 of the second embodiment can have a clip portion 222 capable of sandwiching the wall portion 917 of the reaction tube 910. The aspect of providing the clip portion may also be referred to as a "clip insertion method" for convenience of explanation. The clip portion 222 can have a pair of leg portions 223 and 224. In such a case, the clearance CL in the formula (2) is CL = W1-W2 when the distance between the pair of legs 223 and 224 is W1 and the thickness of the wall portion 917 of the reaction tube is W2. .. The length L2 of the guide member 201 is the length of the legs 223 and 224.

As shown in FIG. 7, the guide member 202 of the third embodiment is a clip insertion type, and can have a clip portion 225 capable of sandwiching the wall portion 917 of the reaction tube 910. The clip portion 225 can have a pair of leg portions 226 and 227. However, it differs from the guide member 201 of the second embodiment in the specific configuration of the clip portion 225. The clip portion 225 contacts the first leg portion 226 capable of contacting the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 to be measured and the inner wall surface 912 of another reaction tube 930 different from the reaction tube 910 to be measured. It can have a second leg portion 227 which is possible. As a result of sandwiching the wall portion 917 of the reaction tube 910 to be measured and the wall portion 917 of the other reaction tube 930 between the first leg portion 226 and the second leg portion 227, the clip portion 225 is the reaction of the measurement target. The wall portion 917 of the pipe 910 can be sandwiched. It is preferable that the reaction tube 910 and the reaction tube 930 are adjacent to each other. In such a case, the clearance CL in the formula (2) is such that the distance between the pair of legs 226 and 227 is W1, and the shortest distance between the reaction tube 910 and the inner wall surface 912 of the adjacent reaction tube 930 is W2. When this is done, CL = W1-W2. The length L2 of the guide member 202 is the length of the legs 226 and 227.

As shown in FIG. 8A, the guide member 203 of the fourth embodiment can have at least three (three in the illustrated example) rod-shaped members 228 inserted into the reaction tube 910. A mode in which three or more rod-shaped members are provided may also be referred to as a "rod insertion method" for convenience of explanation. As shown in FIG. 8B, the three rod-shaped members 228 can be arranged concentrically at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 8C, the clearance CL in the formula (2) is the remaining one when the two rod-shaped members 228 are pressed against the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910. When the distance between the rod-shaped member 228 and the inner wall surface 912 is W3, CL = W3. The length L2 of the guide member 203 is the length of the rod-shaped member 228.

As the guide member of the rod insertion type, there are those having four or more rod-shaped members, those in which the rod-shaped members are not arranged concentrically, and those in which the rod-shaped members are not evenly spaced.

As shown in FIGS. 9 (A), 9 (B), 9 (C), 9 (D), and 9 (E), the rod insertion type guide member is, for example, four rod-shaped members. The clearance CL is defined as follows when the rod-shaped members are arranged concentrically but are not arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. In order to distinguish the four rod-shaped members 228, the rod-shaped members 228 are numbered "1", "2", "3", and "4" in the drawings. Further, in the following description, the rod-shaped members 228 of the numbers "1", "2", "3", and "4" are referred to as "rod-shaped member # 1", "rod-shaped member # 2", and "rod-shaped member #", respectively. 3 ”and“ rod-shaped member # 4 ”.

First, as shown in FIG. 9B, of the four plurality of rod-shaped members 228, two adjacent (adjacent) rods arranged concentrically are arbitrarily selected (rod-shaped member # 1 and rod-shaped member #). 2) Press against the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910. Inside from the rod-shaped member # 3 and the rod-shaped member # 4 other than the two pressed rod-shaped members # 1 and the rod-shaped member # 2 with reference to the direction orthogonal to the straight line connecting the two contacts between the rod-shaped member # 2 and the inner wall surface. The distance to the wall surface 912 is calculated for each of the rod-shaped member # 3 and the rod-shaped member # 4. The calculated distance is n1 for the rod-shaped member # 3 and n2 for the rod-shaped member # 4. The minimum value of the calculated distance (smaller in the case of four rod-shaped members 228) is used as a clearance candidate. In the illustrated example, since n1 <n2, n1 is used as a clearance candidate.

Next, as shown in FIG. 9C, two rod-shaped members different from the above (rod-shaped member # 2 and rod-shaped member # 3) are selected and pressed against the inner wall surface 912. Clearance candidates are calculated by the same method. That is, the distances from the rod-shaped members # 1 and the rod-shaped members # 4 other than the two pressed ones to the inner wall surface 912 are calculated for the rod-shaped members # 1 and the rod-shaped members # 4, respectively. The calculated distance is n3 for the rod-shaped member # 1 and n4 for the rod-shaped member # 4. In the illustrated example, since n4 <n3, n4 is used as a clearance candidate.

Next, as shown in FIG. 9D, two rod-shaped members different from the above (rod-shaped member # 3 and rod-shaped member # 4) are selected and pressed against the inner wall surface 912. The distances from the rod-shaped members # 1 and the rod-shaped members # 2 other than the two pressed ones to the inner wall surface 912 are calculated for the rod-shaped members # 1 and the rod-shaped members # 2, respectively. The calculated distance is n5 for the rod-shaped member # 1 and n6 for the rod-shaped member # 2. In the illustrated example, since n6 <n5, n6 is used as a clearance candidate.

Next, as shown in FIG. 9E, two rod-shaped members different from the above (rod-shaped member # 1 and rod-shaped member # 4) are selected and pressed against the inner wall surface 912. The distance from the rod-shaped member # 2 and the rod-shaped member # 3 other than the two pressed against the inner wall surface 912 is calculated for each of the rod-shaped member # 2 and the rod-shaped member # 3. The calculated distance is n7 for the rod-shaped member # 2 and n8 for the rod-shaped member # 3. In the illustrated example, since n8 <n7, n8 is used as a clearance candidate.

Then, of the four clearance candidates n1, n4, n6, and n8 obtained, the maximum value (n6 in the illustrated example) is set as the clearance CL of the guide member (CL = n6).

As shown in FIGS. 10 (A), 10 (B), 10 (C), 10 (D), 10 (E), and 10 (F), the rod insertion type guide member is, for example, When the rod-shaped members have four rod-shaped members and the rod-shaped members are not arranged concentrically and are not arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, the clearance CL is defined as follows. In order to distinguish the four rod-shaped members 228, the rod-shaped members 228 are numbered "1", "2", "3", and "4" in the drawings. Further, in the following description, the rod-shaped members 228 of the numbers "1", "2", "3", and "4" are referred to as "rod-shaped member # 1", "rod-shaped member # 2", and "rod-shaped member #", respectively. 3 ”and“ rod-shaped member # 4 ”.

Similar to the case of the guide member shown in FIG. 9 (A), when it is possible to press two adjacent rod-shaped members against the inner wall surface 912, an operation of acquiring a clearance candidate is performed and an optional non-adjacent one is obtained. Even when the two rod-shaped members can be pressed against the inner wall surface 912, the operation of acquiring the clearance candidates is performed, and the maximum value among the obtained plurality of clearance candidates is set as the clearance CL of the guide member.

First, as shown in FIG. 10 (B), of the four plurality of rod-shaped members 228, two adjacent (adjacent) members that are not arranged concentrically are arbitrarily selected (rod-shaped member # 1 and rod-shaped member). # 2), press against the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910. The distance from the rod-shaped member # 3 and the rod-shaped member # 4 other than the two pressed against the inner wall surface 912 is calculated for each of the rod-shaped member # 3 and the rod-shaped member # 4. The calculated distance is n11 for the rod-shaped member # 3 and n12 for the rod-shaped member # 4. In the illustrated example, since n11 <n12, n11 is used as a clearance candidate.

Next, as shown in FIG. 10C, two rod-shaped members different from the above (rod-shaped member # 2 and rod-shaped member # 3) are selected and pressed against the inner wall surface 912. The distance from the rod-shaped member # 1 and the rod-shaped member # 4 other than the two pressed against the inner wall surface 912 is calculated for each of the rod-shaped member # 1 and the rod-shaped member # 4. The calculated distance is n13 for the rod-shaped member # 1 and n14 for the rod-shaped member # 4. In the illustrated example, since n13 <n14, n13 is used as a clearance candidate.

Next, as shown in FIG. 10 (D), two non-adjacent rod-shaped members (rod-shaped member # 1 and rod-shaped member # 3) different from the above are selected and pressed against the inner wall surface 912. The distance from the rod-shaped member # 2 and the rod-shaped member # 4 other than the two pressed against the inner wall surface 912 is calculated for each of the rod-shaped member # 2 and the rod-shaped member # 4. The calculated distance is n15 for the rod-shaped member # 2 and n16 for the rod-shaped member # 4. In the illustrated example, since n15 <n16, n15 is used as a clearance candidate.

When considering two adjacent (adjacent) rods that are not arranged concentrically, as shown in FIG. 10 (E), the rod-shaped member # 1 contacts the inner wall surface 912, so that the rod-shaped member # 3 and the rod-shaped member # 3 are adjacent to each other. Member # 4 cannot be pressed against the inner wall surface 912. Further, as shown in FIG. 10F, since the rod-shaped member # 3 comes into contact with the inner wall surface 912, the adjacent rod-shaped member # 1 and the rod-shaped member # 4 cannot be pressed against the inner wall surface 912. In these cases (FIGS. 10 (E) and 10 (F)), two adjacent rod-shaped members cannot be physically pressed against the inner wall surface 912, and thus are excluded from the concept of determining the clearance CL.

Then, among the three obtained clearance candidates n11, n13, and n15, the maximum value (n15 in the illustrated example) is set as the clearance CL of the guide member (CL = n15).

In the case of having a plurality of rod-shaped members 228 of 5 or more, similarly to the above, two rod-shaped members adjacent to each other and any two rod-shaped members not adjacent to each other are pressed against the inner wall surface 912 to obtain a clearance candidate. The maximum value among the obtained plurality of clearance candidates is set as the clearance CL of this guide member.

Here, the arrangement of the respective rod-shaped members in FIGS. 9 and 10 is merely for showing the concept of the clearance CL of the guide member having four or more rod-shaped members 228, and is not necessarily the embodiment of the present invention. Does not always represent.

As shown in FIG. 11 (A), the guide member 200 can have a shape in which a substantially middle portion in the longitudinal direction is constricted rather than being straight. In such a case, the clearance CL in the formula (2) is defined as the value of the location of the shortest distance between the guide member 200 and the reaction tube 910.

The guide member 200 can have a shape in which the length L2 is not constant. For example, as shown in FIG. 11B, the guide member 200 may have a triangular cross section in the longitudinal direction. In such a case, the length L2 in the equation (2) is defined as the value of the longest distance location.

The distance measuring device 10 may have a mechanism for displaying whether or not the measured space length is within the permissible range. The pass / fail display may be in the form of being displayed on the screen, or may be provided with a mechanism for making a sound as needed.

The distance measuring device 10 may have a mechanism for transferring the measurement result to a personal computer, a mobile terminal, or the like by Bluetooth (registered trademark) or the like and accumulating the data.

Reactor 900 with a plurality of reaction tubes 910 will be described with reference to FIG. 12 again.

The reaction tube 910 can be incorporated into, for example, a multi-tube reactor 900 installed in a chemical plant in the field of the petrochemical industry. Thousands to tens of thousands of reaction tubes 910 can be incorporated into one reactor 900. The reaction tube 910 can be filled with, for example, a granular catalyst, granular ceramics (for example, silica, alumina, or zirconia spheres or rings), granular metal Raschig rings, and the like. At the lower end of the reaction tube 910 in the height direction, a lower end opening 913 that communicates with the outside of the reaction tube 910 can be formed. The reaction tube 910 can be formed to have an inner diameter of 10 mm to 60 mm and a height of 1000 mm to 15000 mm, for example, depending on the desired contact reaction.

The inside of the reaction tube 910 may be filled with only solids of the same type, and for example, as shown in FIG. 12, a plurality of layers 914 and 915 composed of solids M1 and M2 of different types are provided. , The reaction tube 910 may be filled at different positions in the height direction. When the inside of the reaction tube 910 is filled with different types of solids, the first layer 914 can be composed of granular solids M1. The second layer 915 can be composed of granular solid matter M2. As the solid substance M1, for example, a spherical catalyst for contact reaction molded to have an outer diameter of 1 mm to 15 mm can be used. As the solid material M2, for example, a metal Raschig ring molded into a ring shape (cylindrical shape) can be used. Although not shown, another layer is further formed inside the reaction tube 910 on the lower end side of the second layer 915 by a solid substance of the same type or a different kind as the solid substance M1 or the solid substance M2. You may be.

The types of the solids M1 and M2 are not limited to those exemplified. Further, the shape and size of the solids M1 and M2 are not limited. Further, the form (number of layers, height of each layer, etc.) in which the solids M1 and M2 are filled inside the reaction tube 910 is not limited.

The multi-tube reactor 900 can have a tube plate surface 916 connected so that the reaction tubes 910 are orthogonal to each other. The reaction tube 910 and the tube plate surface 916 can be connected by welding. The upper surface of the tube plate surface 916 may not be a smooth surface because beads and spatter are generated during welding. Therefore, the length measuring device 100 cannot be installed so that the measuring direction D1 is orthogonal to the upper surface of the tube plate surface 916, and the direction (angle) or position of the measuring direction D1 may deviate. Therefore, the distance measuring device 10 includes a guide member 200 whose at least a part is inserted into the inside of the reaction tube 910 from the opening 911. This is because the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 is a smooth surface, and is therefore suitable as a reference surface for suppressing the deviation width in the measurement direction D1.

The distance actually measured by the length measuring instrument 100 is the distance from the tip of the length measuring instrument 100 to the solid matter 920. Depending on the specific structure and shape of the length measuring device 100 and the guide member 200, the tip of the length measuring device 100 may not coincide with the upper end of the reaction tube 910 (on the horizontal plane of the opening 911) at the time of measurement, and the upper end of the reaction tube 910 may be formed. It may be offset against. In such a case, the offset dimension between the tip of the length measuring device 100 and the upper end of the reaction tube 910 can be measured in advance and stored in the length measuring device 100 as correction data. At the time of measurement, the distance actually measured by the length measuring device 100 can be corrected based on the offset dimension. Thereby, the distance from the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910 to the solid matter 920 can be measured.

<Distance measuring device 11 (fifth embodiment)>
FIG. 13 is a diagram schematically showing a state in which the distance from the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910 to the solid matter 920 is measured non-contactly by the distance measuring device 11 of the fifth embodiment. The members common to the above-described embodiments are designated by the same reference numerals, and some description thereof will be omitted.

In the distance measuring device 10 of the first embodiment described above, at least a part of the guide member 200 is inserted into the inside through the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910 to be measured. Since the guide member 200 has a function of suppressing the deviation width in the measurement direction D1, the reaction tube to be inserted is not limited to the reaction tube 910 to be measured.

As shown in FIG. 13, in the distance measuring device 11 of the fifth embodiment, at least a part of the guide member 204 is inside from the opening 911 of another reaction tube 930 arranged in parallel with the reaction tube 910 to be measured. Will be inserted. Even if the direction (angle) or position of the measurement direction D1 of the length measuring device 100 deviates, the measurement direction D1 enables measurement by the guide member 204 coming into contact with a part of the reaction tube 930. The deviation width from D2 in the axial length direction of is suppressed. As a result, in this state, the distance from the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910 to be measured to the solid matter 920 can be easily and quickly measured by the length measuring device 100 in a non-contact manner as in the first embodiment described above. It will be possible.

The structure of the guide member 204 used here is not particularly limited, and the above-described pipe-shaped structures of the first embodiment, the second embodiment, the third embodiment, and the fourth embodiment are applied. Can be done. Furthermore, the structures of the guide members of various embodiments described later can also be applied.

<Guide members 205, 206 (6th and 7th embodiments)>
14 (A) and 14 (B) are cross-sectional views corresponding to FIG. 3 (B) showing the guide members 205 and 206 of the sixth and seventh embodiments.

The pipe shape of the guide member 200 is not limited to the case where the cross-sectional shape is an uninterrupted circular shape as shown in FIG. 3B, and can be appropriately modified.

As shown in FIG. 14A, the pipe shape of the guide member 205 of the sixth embodiment can have an arc of a semicircle or more. Reference numeral 231 indicates an end portion cut out so that the guide member 205 has an arc of a semicircle or more. Even in the case of this pipe shape, the guide member 205 can be brought into contact with the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 at an arc portion or an end portion on a plane orthogonal to the axial length direction D2.

Similarly, as shown in FIG. 14B, the pipe shape of the guide member 206 of the seventh embodiment may have a plurality of arcs of less than a semicircle. Reference numeral 232 indicates an end portion of the guide member 206 cut out so as to have a plurality of arcs of less than a semicircle. Also in the case of this pipe shape, the guide member 206 can come into contact with the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 at an arc portion or an end portion on a plane orthogonal to the axial length direction D2.

The guide members 205 and 206 having the pipe shape of the sixth embodiment and the seventh embodiment are also part of the reaction tube 910 when the direction (angle) or position of the measurement direction D1 of the length measuring instrument 100 is deviated. By contacting, the deviation width of the measurement direction D1 from the axial length direction D2 is suppressed so that the measurement can be performed. This makes it possible to easily and quickly measure the distance from the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910 to be measured to the solid matter 920 in a non-contact manner.

<Guide member 207 (8th embodiment)>
FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing the guide member 207 of the eighth embodiment.

The pipe shape of the guide member 200 is not limited to the simple cylindrical tubular member as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3B.

As shown in FIG. 15, the pipe shape of the guide member 207 of the eighth embodiment can have a large number of holes 234 penetrating the peripheral wall of the tubular member. By forming the punched hole 234, the frictional resistance between the guide member 207 and the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 is reduced. Therefore, the guide member 207 can be easily inserted into the reaction tube 910, and the guide member 207 can be easily taken out from the inside of the reaction tube 910 after the measurement. Therefore, the measurement work can be performed more easily and quickly.

Instead of the punching hole 234 that penetrates, a recess that is recessed from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface of the tubular member can be formed. The frictional resistance between the guide member 207 and the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 can also be reduced by the recess. Even if the recess is formed, it is preferable not to form a convex portion protruding inward from the inner peripheral surface of the tubular member. However, the convex portion accompanying the formation of the concave portion may protrude inward from the inner peripheral surface of the tubular member as long as it does not interfere with the passage of the irradiation wave and the reflected wave for distance measurement.

<Guide member 208 (9th embodiment)>
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing the guide member 208 of the ninth embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 16, the guide member 208 of the ninth embodiment can be provided with a cap type aspect. The guide member 208 can have at least a lid portion 241 and a skirt portion 242. The lid portion 241 corresponds to a portion having a lid surface 243 in contact with the end of the opening 911 of at least one reaction tube 910 of the plurality of reaction tubes. The lid portion 241 covers the upper end portion of the reaction tube 910. The skirt portion 242 corresponds to a portion capable of contacting at least a part of the wall surface (outer wall surface 918) of the reaction tube 910. The skirt portion 242 hangs downward from the lid portion 241. The skirt portion 242 can have a ring shape surrounding the outer wall surface 918 of the reaction tube 910. Further, the skirt portion 242 may have a continuous shape or a discontinuous shape so as to surround the entire circumference of the outer wall surface 918 of the reaction tube 910 as long as the function described later can be exhibited. A gap can be provided between the outer wall surface 918 of the reaction tube 910 and the inner wall surface of the skirt portion 242. At least a part of the inner wall part of the skirt part 242 can come into contact with a part of the outer wall surface 918 of the reaction tube 910. The length of the skirt portion 242 can be partially different. The skirt portion 242 in the illustrated example has the maximum length at the left side portion. Since the upper end of the reaction tube 910 is generally orthogonal to the axial length direction D2, when the lid surface 243 is placed on the upper end of the reaction tube 910, the direction (angle) of the measurement direction D1 of the length measuring instrument 100 Basically does not tilt from the axial length direction D2. However, if the lid is simply closed, the length measuring instrument 100 will move in the horizontal direction and the position will be displaced. The guide member 208 exerts a function as a stopper for suppressing the movement in the horizontal direction by contacting the skirt portion 242 with a part of the outer wall surface 918 of the reaction tube 910.

<Guide members 209A, 209B, and 209C (10th, 11th, and 12th embodiments)>
17 (A), 17 (B), and 17 (C) are cross-sectional views showing guide members 209A, 209B, and 209C of the tenth embodiment, the eleventh embodiment, and the twelfth embodiment. ..

As shown in FIGS. 17 (A), 17 (B), and 17 (C), the guide members 209A, 209B, and 209C of the tenth embodiment, the eleventh embodiment, and the twelfth embodiment are inserted. Both methods and cap methods can be provided. The guide members 209A, 209B, and 209C can have a lid portion 241 and a skirt portion 242, similarly to the guide member 208 of the ninth embodiment. The guide members 209A, 209B, and 209C can further have, for example, a pipe portion 244 inserted inside the reaction tube 910. The lid portion 241 of the guide members 209A, 209B, and 209C corresponds to a portion having a lid surface 243 in contact with the end of the opening 911 of at least one reaction tube 910 of the plurality of reaction tubes. The skirt portion 242 or the pipe portion 244 corresponds to a portion where at least one of them can contact a part of the outer wall surface 918 or a part of the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910.

The guide member 209A of the tenth embodiment can have a gap between the outer wall surface of the pipe portion 244 and the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910, and a part of the inner wall portion of the skirt portion 242 is outside the reaction tube 910. It can come into contact with a part of the wall surface 918. In the guide member 209B of the eleventh embodiment, a part of the outer wall surface of the pipe portion 244 can contact a part of the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910, and the outer wall surface 918 of the reaction tube 910 and the skirt portion 242 A gap can be provided between the inner wall and the inner wall. In the guide member 209C of the twelfth embodiment, a part of the outer wall surface of the pipe portion 244 can contact a part of the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910, and a part of the inner wall portion of the skirt portion 242 is a reaction tube. It can come into contact with a part of the outer wall surface 918 of the 910. The length of the skirt portion 242 can be partially different. The guide member 209A exerts a function as a stopper for suppressing the movement in the horizontal direction by contacting the skirt portion 242 with a part of the outer wall surface 918 of the reaction tube 910. The guide member 209B exhibits a function as a stopper that suppresses movement in the horizontal direction when the pipe portion 244 comes into contact with a part of the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910. The guide member 209C is a stopper that suppresses horizontal movement by contacting the skirt portion 242 with a part of the outer wall surface 918 of the reaction tube 910 and at the same time the pipe portion 244 with a part of the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910. Demonstrate the function as.

The guide members 208, 209A, 209B, and 209C of the ninth embodiment, the tenth embodiment, the eleventh embodiment, and the twelfth embodiment also have a clearance (CL) with the reaction tube 910 as described above. And the relationship with the length (L2) can satisfy the relationship expressed by the equation (2).

CL / L2 <0.5 × Φ1 / L1 (2)
Here,
Φ1: Inner diameter of reaction tube 910 L1: Maximum distance in axial length direction D2 from opening 911 to solid matter 920 CL: Clearance between guide members 208, 209 and reaction tube 910 L2: Length of guide members 208, 209 Is.

The clearance CL between the guide member 208 and the reaction tube 910 is the clearance between the outer wall surface 918 of the reaction tube 910 and the inner wall portion of the skirt portion 242. In the guide member 209A, the outer wall surface 918 of the reaction tube 910 and the inner wall portion of the skirt portion 242 come into contact with each other to prevent the guide member 209A from being displaced in the horizontal direction. In this case, the clearance CL between the guide member 209A and the reaction tube 910 is the clearance between the outer wall surface 918 of the reaction tube 910 and the inner wall portion of the skirt portion 242. The guide member 209B suppresses the horizontal displacement of the guide member 209B by contacting the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 with the outer wall surface of the pipe portion 244. In this case, the clearance CL between the guide member 209B and the reaction tube 910 is the clearance between the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 and the outer wall surface of the pipe portion 244. In the guide member 209C, the outer wall surface 918 of the reaction tube 910 and the inner wall portion of the skirt portion 242 come into contact with each other, and at the same time, the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 and the outer wall portion of the pipe portion 244 come into contact with each other in the horizontal direction of the guide member 209C. The gap is suppressed. In this case, the clearance CL between the guide member 209C and the reaction tube 910 is the clearance between the outer wall surface 918 of the reaction tube 910 and the inner wall portion of the skirt portion 242, or the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 and the pipe portion. This is the clearance between the outer wall and the 244. The clearance between the outer wall surface 918 of the 910 and the inner wall portion of the skirt portion 242 and the clearance between the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 and the outer wall portion of the pipe portion 244 are the same.

The length L2 of the guide member 208 is the length of the skirt portion 242. Here, FIG. 16 shows an example in which the lengths of the skirt portions 242 of the guide member 208 of the ninth embodiment are partially different. In such a case, the length of the portion where the length is the maximum is shown. Let L2 be. In the guide member 209A, the outer wall surface 918 of the reaction tube 910 and the inner wall portion of the skirt portion 242 come into contact with each other to prevent the guide member 209A from being displaced in the horizontal direction. In this case, the length L2 of the guide member 209A is the maximum length of the skirt portion 242. The guide member 209B suppresses the horizontal displacement of the guide member 209B by contacting the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 with the outer wall surface of the pipe portion 244. In this case, the length L2 of the guide member 209B is the maximum length of the pipe portion 244. In the guide member 209C, the outer wall surface 918 of the reaction tube 910 and the inner wall portion of the skirt portion 242 come into contact with each other, and at the same time, the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 and the outer wall portion of the pipe portion 244 come into contact with each other in the horizontal direction of the guide member 209C. The gap is suppressed. In this case, the length L2 of the guide member 209C is the maximum length of the skirt portion 242 and the pipe portion 244.

As described above, the guide members 208, 209A, 209B, and 209C of the ninth embodiment, the tenth embodiment, the eleventh embodiment, and the twelfth embodiment satisfy the relationship represented by the formula (2). Even when the direction (angle) of the measuring direction D1 of the length measuring instrument 100 is tilted from the axial length direction, the measuring instrument 100 can measure within the range of the maximum distance L1.

<Guide member 210 (13th embodiment)>
18 (A) is a cross-sectional view showing the guide member 210 of the thirteenth embodiment, and FIG. 18 (B) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of 18B surrounded by the alternate long and short dash line of FIG. 18 (A). Is.

As shown in FIGS. 18A and 18B, the guide member 210 of the thirteenth embodiment can be provided with a cap type aspect. The guide member 210 can have a lid portion 245 that covers the upper end portion of the reaction tube 910, and a convex portion 246 that projects downward from the central portion of the lid portion 245. When the upper end portion of the reaction tube 910 is covered with the lid portion 245, the convex portion 246 can enter the inside of the reaction tube 910 beyond the opening 911. The convex portion 246 can have a shape that gently bulges from a portion that becomes the base end of the convex portion 246. The portion serving as the base end of the convex portion 246 is referred to as a step portion 247. The step portion 247 can come into contact with the peripheral edge portion inside the upper end of the reaction tube 910, that is, a part of the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910. The lid portion 245 of the guide member 210 may have a lid surface 248 in contact with the end of the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910. The convex portion 246 of the guide member 210 may have a portion (step portion 247) that can come into contact with a part of the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 or a part of the inner peripheral edge portion of the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910. .. The guide member 210 serves as a stopper that suppresses movement in the horizontal direction by contacting the step portion 247 with a part of the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 or a part of the inner peripheral edge portion of the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910. Demonstrate function. The convex portion 246 of the guide member 210 needs to have a structure that does not interfere with the irradiation wave and the reflected wave for distance measurement.

<Guide member 211 (14th embodiment)>
19 (A) is a view showing the guide member 211 of the 14th embodiment, and FIG. 19 (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 19B-19B of FIG. 19 (A).

The guide member 211 of the 14th embodiment is a clip insertion method (see FIG. 6), and further includes a configuration capable of reducing the clearance CL between the guide member 211 and the reaction tube 910.

The guide member 211 can be used in a reactor including a reaction tube 910 protruding above the tube plate surface 916. The guide member 211 can have a clip portion 253 capable of sandwiching the wall portion 917 of the reaction tube 910. The clip portion 253 can have a pair of legs portions 251 and 252. The clip portion 253 can be detachably attached to the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910.

The clip portion 253 is provided between the first leg portion 251 that contacts a part of the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 and the reaction tube 910 that contacts a part of the outer wall surface 918 of the reaction tube 910 and contacts the first leg portion 251. It can have a second leg portion 252 capable of sandwiching the wall portion 917 of the. At least one of the first leg portion 251 and the second leg portion 252 is formed of a plate material having a spring property, and is urged by an elastic force in a direction of being pressed against the wall portion 917 of the reaction tube 910. In the clip portion 253, the distance between the pair of leg portions 251 and 252 is not constant, and the clearance CL can be reduced.

The guide member 211 of the 14th embodiment is a "clip insertion method" that makes it possible to reduce the clearance CL, and can satisfy the relationship represented by the above-mentioned equation (2). Therefore, even if the direction (angle) or position of the measurement direction D1 deviates within the range of the maximum distance L1, the length measuring device 100 can measure.

In addition, for example, instead of forming the second leg portion 252 from a plate material having a spring property, a spring member is connected to the second leg portion 252 and is pressed toward the first leg portion 251 side by the spring member. The elastic force of the second leg portion 252 can be urged.

<Guide member 212 (15th embodiment)>
FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a guide member 212 of the fifteenth embodiment.

The guide member 212 of the fifteenth embodiment is a "clip insertion method" (see FIG. 7), and further includes a configuration capable of reducing the clearance CL between the guide member 212 and the reaction tube 910. .. The guide member 212 of the fifteenth embodiment can have a clip portion 263 capable of sandwiching the wall portion 917 of the reaction tube 910 as in the fourteenth embodiment. The clip portion 263 can have a pair of legs portions 261, 262. The clip portion 263 can be detachably attached to the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910. However, it differs from the 14th embodiment in the specific configuration of the clip portion 263.

The clip portion 263 is provided on the first leg portion 261 that contacts a part of the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 to be measured and a part of the inner wall surface 912 of another reaction tube 930 different from the reaction tube 910 to be measured. It can have a second leg 262 in contact with it. As a result of sandwiching the wall portion 917 of the reaction tube 910 to be measured and the wall portion 917 of the other reaction tube 930 between the first leg portion 261 and the second leg portion 262, the clip portion 263 is the reaction of the measurement target. The wall portion 917 of the pipe 910 can be sandwiched. As a specific example, a spring member 264 is connected to the second leg portion 262, and the spring member 264 urges the elastic force in the direction of being pressed toward the first leg portion 261 side. In the clip portion 263, the distance between the pair of leg portions 261 and 262 is not constant, and the clearance CL can be reduced.

Similar to the 14th embodiment, the guide member 212 of the 15th embodiment is a "clip insertion method" that makes it possible to reduce the clearance CL, and satisfies the relationship represented by the above-mentioned equation (2). Can be done. Therefore, even if the direction (angle) or position of the measurement direction D1 deviates within the range of the maximum distance L1, the length measuring device 100 can measure.

Instead of connecting the spring member 264 to the second leg portion 262, the second leg portion 262 is formed of a plate material having a spring property, and the elastic force in the direction of being pressed toward the first leg portion 261 side. Can be urged.

<Guide member 213 (16th embodiment)>
21 (A) is a view showing the guide member 213 of the 16th embodiment, and FIG. 21 (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 21B-21B of FIG. 21 (A).

The guide member 213 of the 16th embodiment is a "rod insertion method" (see FIGS. 8 (A), 8 (B), and 8 (C)), and is between the guide member 213 and the reaction tube 910. It is further provided with a configuration capable of reducing the clearance CL of the above.

The guide member 213 can have at least three (three in the illustrated example) rod-shaped members 271 that can expand outward in the radial direction of the reaction tube 910 and come into contact with the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910. As a specific example, as shown in FIG. 21B, the three rod-shaped members 271 can be arranged on concentric circles at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The center of the concentric circles can be aligned with the center of the window (lens portion) of the length measuring instrument 100.

The guide member 213 can have a base 274 that movably holds the three rod-shaped members 271 in the radial direction of the reaction tube 910. The upper end portion of the rod-shaped member 271 in the drawing can be slidably incorporated into the elongated hole 272 formed in the base 274 of the guide member 213. In the state where the guide member 213 is inserted into the reaction tube 910, the elongated hole 272 extends along the radial direction of the reaction tube 910. The rod-shaped member 271 can move in the radial direction of the reaction tube 910 by moving along the elongated hole 272. Each of the rod-shaped members 271 extends in a direction parallel to the measurement direction D1 of the length measuring instrument 100. A spring member 273 is connected to the rod-shaped member 271, and the spring member 273 urges the elastic force in the direction of expanding outward in the radial direction of the reaction tube 910. The three rod-shaped members 271 can be expanded by being urged by the elastic force of the spring member 273 while being located on concentric circles at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. This makes it possible to reduce the clearance CL between the three rod-shaped members 271 and the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910.

The guide member 213 of the 16th embodiment is a "bar insertion method" capable of reducing the clearance CL, and can satisfy the relationship represented by the above-mentioned equation (2). Therefore, even if the direction (angle) or position of the measurement direction D1 deviates within the range of the maximum distance L1, the length measuring device 100 can measure.

<Combination of different types of guide members>
22 (A), 22 (B), 22 (C), and 22 (D) are cross-sectional views schematically showing an example of combining different types of guide members.

The various types of guide members described above can be used in combination. Specific examples will be shown below, but the combination type guide member is not limited to these examples.

As shown in FIG. 22 (A), a pipe-shaped guide member 205 (sixth embodiment, FIG. 14 (A)) having an arc of a semicircle or more and a clip insertion type guide member 211 (14th embodiment, It can be used in combination with FIGS. 19 (A) and 19 (B).

As shown in FIG. 22 (B), a rod insertion method having a pipe-shaped guide member 206 (7th embodiment, FIG. 14 (B)) having a plurality of arcs less than a semicircle and three rod-shaped members 228. The guide member 203 (fourth embodiment, FIG. 8 (A), FIG. 8 (B), and FIG. 8 (C)) can be used in combination.

As shown in FIG. 22 (C), a clip insertion type guide member 211 (14th embodiment, FIGS. 19 (A), 19 (B)) and a rod insertion type guide having three rod-shaped members 228. It can be used in combination with the member 203 (fourth embodiment, FIG. 8 (A), FIG. 8 (B), and FIG. 8 (C)).

As shown in FIG. 22 (D), a pipe-shaped guide member 206 (7th embodiment, FIG. 14 (B)) having a plurality of arcs less than a semicircle and a clip insertion type guide member 211 (14th embodiment). 19 (A), 19 (B)) and a rod insertion type guide member 203 having three rod-shaped members 228 (4th embodiment, FIGS. 8 (A), 8 (B), and FIG. It can be used in combination with 8 (C)).

By using various types of guide members in combination, the deviation of the measuring direction D1 of the length measuring instrument from the axial length direction D2 can be further reduced.

<Distance measuring device 12 (17th embodiment)>
23 is a front view showing the distance measuring device 12 of the 17th embodiment, FIG. 24 is a sectional view taken along the line 24-24 of FIG. 23, and FIG. 25 is a sectional view taken along the line 25-25 of FIG. 23. is there.

The guide member can be connected to the lower surface of the length measuring instrument 100 with an adhesive, a screw, or the like, but the present invention is not limited to this case. As shown in FIGS. 23, 24, and 25, the distance measuring device 12 of the 17th embodiment can have a length measuring device 100 and an adapter 300. The adapter 300 has a main body 310 capable of holding the length measuring device 100, and a guide member 320 having the above-mentioned function. The guide member 320 can be in a state of being connected to the length measuring device 100 by holding the length measuring device 100 in the adapter 300. By using an adapter 300 having a housing chamber so that the length measuring device 100 fits snugly without a gap, the axial direction of the guide member 320 and the measuring direction D1 measured by the length measuring device 100 can be easily parallelized. can do. In the case of such a configuration, it is not necessary to calibrate the alignment between the guide member 320 and the measuring direction D1 of the length measuring instrument 100. However, calibration work can be performed for more accurate measurements.

The main body 310 can have left and right side walls 311 and a back wall 312 and a bottom wall 313. The front surface may have a window portion 315 for operating the length measuring device 100 and front wall 314 provided on both sides of the window portion 315. Each of these walls 31 to 314 may be in contact with the outer surface of the length measuring instrument 100. The length measuring instrument 100 can be held by these walls 31 to 314. The bottom wall 313 is provided with a through hole 316 facing the window (lens portion) of the length measuring instrument 100. The left and right side walls 311 can be provided with thumbscrews 317 for fixing. By screwing the thumbscrew 317, the tip of the screw comes into pressure contact with the outer surface of the length measuring instrument 100. As a result, it is possible to prevent the position of the length measuring device 100 from being displaced in the main body 310 and the length measuring device 100 from falling off from the main body 310.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, the guide member 320 extends downward from the bottom wall 313 of the main body 310. The guide member 320 of the adapter 300 can have the same structure as the guide member 200 shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, and can exhibit the same function.

That is, at least a part of the guide member 320 is inserted into the reaction tube 910 through the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910. The guide member 320 can suppress the deviation width by contacting a part of the reaction tube 910 so that the measurement can be performed even if the direction (angle) or position of the measurement direction D1 of the length measuring instrument 100 is deviated. it can.

Further, the guide member 320 sets the angle formed by the axial length direction D2 of the reaction tube 910 and the measurement direction D1 measured by the length measuring device 100 to be less than the maximum allowable angle θ1 represented by the above equation (1). be able to.

Further, the guide member 320 can satisfy the relationship that the relationship between the clearance (CL) with the reaction tube 910 and the length (L2) is expressed by the above-mentioned formula (2).

The guide member 320 included in the adapter 300 is not limited to the illustrated pipe shape. It can be modified to have the same configuration as the guide members 2001 to 213 of the second to 16th embodiments described above, and different types of guide members can be used in combination.

<Distance measuring device 13 (18th embodiment)>
FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view showing the distance measuring device 13 of the 18th embodiment.

The main body 310 of the adapter 340 shown in FIG. 26 can have an upper wall 341. The length measuring device 100 can be attached to the upper surface wall 341 via the free platform 342. The left and right side walls 311 of the main body 310 may or may not be in contact with the outer surface of the length measuring instrument 100. The measurement direction D1 of the length measuring device 100 is adjusted as follows, for example. First, a reaction tube containing a filler having a known space length is prepared, and the guide member 320 of the adapter 340 to which the length measuring device 100 is attached is inserted into the reaction tube. Loosen the fixing screw of the free platform 342 and move the measuring direction D1 of the length measuring instrument 100 to adjust the angle with which the space length with the filling is properly detected. After the adjustment, tighten the fixing screw of the free platform 342 to fix the angle of the length measuring instrument 100. Next, with the guide member 320 of the adapter 340 to which the length measuring device 100 is attached inserted into the reaction tube 910, the adapter 340 to which the length measuring device 100 is attached is moved within the clearance range of the guide member 320 to measure the measurement direction D1. Turn around and make sure no short distances are detected. If a short distance is not detected, it is determined that the measurement direction D1 of the length measuring instrument 100 and the axial length direction D2 of the pipe are substantially parallel. If a short distance is detected, the measurement direction D1 of the length measuring instrument 100 and the axial length direction D2 of the reaction tube 910 are not parallel, and the distance to the tube wall is being measured. Return to and readjust the angle of the length measuring instrument 100.

As described above, the main body 310 of the adapter 340 can be appropriately modified as long as the length measuring device 100 can be held.

<Distance measurement unit 20 (19th embodiment)>
Next, the distance measuring unit 20 of the 19th embodiment including the plurality of length measuring instruments 110 will be described.

FIG. 27 is a plan view schematically showing the 19th embodiment distance measuring unit 20 including two or more length measuring instruments 110 together with a plurality of reaction tubes 940 arranged in parallel with each other. FIG. 27 shows an example in which the distance measuring unit 20 includes three length measuring instruments 110. FIG. 27 shows three reaction tubes 940. The members common to the above-described embodiments are designated by the same reference numerals, and some description thereof will be omitted. For convenience of explanation, the three length measuring devices 110 are also referred to as "first length measuring device 111", "second length measuring device 112", and "third length measuring device 113". The three reaction tubes 940 are also referred to as "first reaction tube 941", "second reaction tube 942", and "third reaction tube 943". The measurement direction D1, the axial length direction D2, and the solid matter 920 are as shown in FIGS. 3 (A), 4 (A), and 4 (B).

As shown in FIG. 27, in the reactor 900, a plurality of reaction tubes 940 are arranged at a predetermined pitch. Pitch p1 between the first reaction tube 941 and the second reaction tube 942, pitch p2 between the second reaction tube 942 and the third reaction tube 943, between the third reaction tube 943 and the first reaction tube 941. Is pitch p3. The plurality of reaction tubes 940 are arranged parallel to each other in the height direction of the reactor 900 (direction orthogonal to the paper surface in the drawing).

Generally speaking, the distance measuring unit 20 is an end of the reaction tube 940 in the axial length direction D2 for at least a part of the reaction tubes 940 in a reactor having a plurality of reaction tubes arranged in parallel with each other. It is used to non-contactly measure the distance from the opening 911 formed in the portion to the granular solid 920 of the catalyst and / or the inert substance filled inside the reactor tube 940. The distance measuring unit 20 has a plurality of length measuring devices, a guide member 420 connected to at least one length measuring device 110, and a connecting portion 430 for connecting the plurality of length measuring devices. The measurement directions D1 of the plurality of length measuring instruments connected by the connecting portion 430 are parallel to each other. Similar to the guide member 200 of the embodiment, the guide member 420 is formed on a part of the reaction tube 940 so that the measurement can be performed even if the direction (angle) or position of the measurement direction D1 of the length measuring device 110 is deviated. It exerts a function of suppressing the deviation width by contacting. Since the measurement directions D1 of the plurality of length measuring instruments are parallel to each other, the directions (angles) and positions of the measurement directions D1 of the plurality of length measuring instruments are deviated by the guide member 420 connected to at least one length measuring instrument 110. The width can be suppressed.

The type of the guide member 420 is not particularly limited, and as described through each of the above-described embodiments, an "insertion method", a "cap method", or an "insertion method and a cap method" can be provided. Further, the reaction tube with which the guide member 420 can come into contact is not limited to the reaction tube 940 to be measured, and may be another reaction tube 930 different from the reaction tube 940 to be measured (see the fifth embodiment, FIG. 13). ). Thus, the guide member 420 can have a site that is inserted internally through the opening 911 of at least one reaction tube 940 of the plurality of reaction tubes (“insertion method”), and / or the guide member 940 is plural. It is possible to have at least a portion having a surface in contact with the end of the opening 911 of at least one reaction tube 940 and a portion contactable with a part of the wall surface of at least one reaction tube 940 of the plurality of reaction tubes. Yes ("cap method").

The distance measuring unit 20 can connect a plurality of guide members to one length measuring device 110. At this time, the plurality of guide members do not have to be of the same type, and the insertion type guide member and the cap type guide member can be used in a mixed manner. One guide member can be inserted or capped in the reaction tube 940 to be measured, and the other guide member can be inserted or capped in another reaction tube 930 different from the reaction tube 940 to be measured. It is also possible to insert or cover all the guide members into another reaction tube 930 different from the reaction tube 940 to be measured.

The distance measuring unit 20 can also connect a guide member to at least two length measuring instruments of a plurality of length measuring instruments. Also at this time, it is not necessary that the plurality of guide members all have the same method.

The connecting portion 430 is a first connecting portion 431 that connects the first length measuring instrument 111 and the second length measuring instrument 112, and a second connecting portion 432 that connects the second length measuring instrument 112 and the third length measuring instrument 113. , And a third connecting portion 433 that connects the third length measuring device 113 and the first length measuring device 111 can be provided. The pitch of the reaction tubes 940 in one reactor 900 is generally constant. Therefore, each of the first connecting portion 431, the second connecting portion 432, and the third connecting portion 433 can be composed of a fixed length arm. Further, the connecting portion 430 may be provided with a mechanism capable of freely changing the pitch. The connecting portion 430 shown in the drawing includes a mechanism capable of freely changing the pitch.

The first connecting portion 431 can have a pair of stretchable arms 431a and 431b and a fixing screw 431c for fixing the relative positions of the pair of arms 431a and 431b. The end of one arm 431a can be rotatably connected to the first length measuring instrument 111 on a plane orthogonal to the measuring direction D1. The end of the other arm 431b can be rotatably connected to the second length measuring instrument 112 on a plane orthogonal to the measurement direction D1. The first connecting portion 431 has a fixing screw 431d for fixing the end of the arm 431a to the first length measuring instrument 111 non-rotatingly, and a fixing screw for fixing the end of the arm 431b to the second length measuring instrument 112 non-rotatingly. It can have 431e and.

Similarly, the second connecting portion 432 can have a pair of arms 432a and 432b and a fixing screw 432c. The end of one arm 432a can be rotatably connected to the second length measuring instrument 112 on a plane orthogonal to the measurement direction D1. The end of the other arm 432b can be rotatably connected to the third length measuring instrument 113 on a plane orthogonal to the measuring direction D1. The second connecting portion 432 includes a fixing screw 432d for non-rotatingly fixing the end of the arm 432a to the second length measuring instrument 112 and a fixing screw for fixing the end of the arm 432b to the third length measuring instrument 113 non-rotatingly. It can have 432e and.

Similarly, the third connecting portion 433 can have a pair of arms 433a and 433b and a fixing screw 433c. The end of one arm 433a can be rotatably connected to the third length measuring instrument 113 on a plane orthogonal to the measurement direction D1. The end of the other arm 433b can be rotatably connected to the first length measuring instrument 111 on a plane orthogonal to the measuring direction D1. The third connecting portion 433 includes a fixing screw 433d for fixing the end of the arm 433a to the third length measuring instrument 113 in a non-rotating manner, and a fixing screw for fixing the end of the arm 433b to the first length measuring instrument 111 in a non-rotating manner. It can have 433e and.

The first connecting portion 431 can adjust the pitch s1 between the first length measuring instrument 111 and the second length measuring instrument 112 by expanding and contracting the pair of arms 431a and 431b. The pitch s1 can be fixed by tightening the fixing screw 431c to fix the relative positions of the pair of arms 431a and 431b. By tightening the fixing screws 431d and 431e, the end portion of the arm 431a can be fixed to the first length measuring instrument 111 in a non-rotating manner, and the end portion of the arm 431b can be fixed to the second length measuring instrument 112 in a non-rotating manner.

The second connecting portion 432 can adjust the pitch s2 between the second length measuring instrument 112 and the third length measuring instrument 113 by expanding and contracting the pair of arms 432a and 432b, and by tightening the fixing screw 432c, the second connecting portion 432 can adjust the pitch s2. The pitch s2 can be fixed. By tightening the fixing screws 432d and 432e, the end portion of the arm 432a can be fixed to the second length measuring instrument 112 in a non-rotating manner, and the end portion of the arm 432b can be fixed to the third length measuring instrument 113 in a non-rotating manner.

The third connecting portion 433 can adjust the pitch s3 between the third length measuring instrument 113 and the first length measuring instrument 111 by expanding and contracting the pair of arms 433a and 433b, and by tightening the fixing screw 433c, the third connecting portion 433 can adjust the pitch s3. The pitch s3 can be fixed. By tightening the fixing screws 433d and 433e, the end portion of the arm 433a can be fixed to the third length measuring instrument 113 in a non-rotating manner, and the end portion of the arm 433b can be fixed to the first length measuring instrument 111 in a non-rotating manner.

In this way, the connecting portion 430 can adjust the pitches s1, s2, and s3 between the plurality of length measuring instruments so as to match the pitches p1, p2, and p3 between the plurality of reaction tubes. The vessels can be connected to each other. Since the ends of the arms 431a and 431b, 432a and 432b, 433a and 433b are fixed to the length measuring device 110 in a non-rotating manner, the plurality of length measuring devices do not wobble when the distance measuring unit 20 is used. Further, the measurement directions D1 of the plurality of length measuring instruments connected by the connecting portion 430 are parallel to each other.

The guide member 420 can be connected to all length measuring instruments, but in the illustrated example, it is connected to one of a plurality of length measuring instruments. Since the plurality of reaction tubes are parallel, the plurality of length measuring instruments are connected to each other in a state where the axes of the irradiation waves (for example, laser light) emitted from all the length measuring instruments are set to be parallel in advance. This is because they can be connected by. In the illustrated example, the guide member 420 is connected to the first length measuring instrument 111 and can be inserted into, for example, the inside of the first reaction tube 941. As a result of suppressing the deviation width of the measurement direction D1 of the first length measuring instrument 111 and the position by the guide member 420, the direction (angle) of the measuring direction D1 of the second length measuring instrument 112 and the third length measuring instrument 113 ) And the deviation width of the position can be suppressed. As a result, the measurement direction D1 measured by each of the first length measuring device 111, the second length measuring device 112, and the third length measuring device 113 is set to the first reaction tube 941, the second reaction tube 942, and the third reaction tube 943. Can be oriented in each axial length direction D2.

In the above description, the form in which the three first to third length measuring instruments 111 to 113 are connected by the connecting portion 430 is shown, but the number of connecting length measuring instruments is not limited to three. Needless to say. Two length measuring instruments can be connected, and four or more length measuring instruments can be connected.

<Modified example of the distance measuring unit 20 of the 19th embodiment>
The guide member 420 can be connected to the lower surface of the length measuring device 110 with an adhesive, a screw, or the like, but the present invention is not limited to this case. The distance measuring unit can have a plurality of length measuring instruments and an adapter. The adapter has a main body that can hold each of the plurality of length measuring instruments, a connecting portion that connects the plurality of main bodies, and a guide member 420 having the above-mentioned functions. The guide member 420 can be connected to the length measuring device 110 by holding the length measuring device 110 in the adapter. By using an adapter shaped so that the length measuring device 110 fits snugly without a gap, the axial direction of the guide member 420 and the measuring direction D1 measured by the length measuring device 110 are easily made parallel. be able to. In the case of such a configuration, it is not necessary to calibrate the alignment between the guide member 420 and the measuring direction D1 of the length measuring instrument 110. However, calibration work can be performed for more accurate measurements.

The main body of the adapter is configured in the same manner as the main body 310 of the adapter 300 of the distance measuring device 12 of the 17th embodiment (see FIGS. 23, 24, and 25). The connecting portion is configured in the same manner as the connecting portion 430 shown in FIG. 27. Each of the first connecting portion 431, the second connecting portion 432, and the third connecting portion 433 may be composed of a fixed-length arm whose pitch is not adjusted. The structure and function of the guide member 420 are as described above.

<Distance measurement method>
Next, a method of non-contactly measuring the distance from the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910 to the solid matter 920 by using the distance measuring device 10 of the first embodiment will be described.

The distance measuring method in the present invention is formed in a reactor having a plurality of reaction tubes arranged in parallel with each other, with respect to at least a part of the reaction tubes in the axial length direction of the reaction tubes. A distance measuring method for non-contact measuring the distance from the opening to the granular solid of the catalyst and / or the inert substance filled inside the reactor tube, which is a guide member connected to the length measuring instrument. At least a portion is inserted internally through the opening of at least one reactor of the plurality of reactors and / or at least a portion of the guide member connected to the length gauge is at least one reaction of the plurality of reactors. This is a method in which the distance is measured non-contactly by a length measuring instrument in contact with the end of the opening of the pipe.

That is, one of the distance measuring methods in the present invention is a reactor having a plurality of reaction tubes arranged in parallel with each other, and the reaction tubes of at least a part of the plurality of reaction tubes are in the axial length direction of the reaction tubes. A distance measuring method for non-contact measuring the distance from an opening formed at an end to a granular solid of a catalyst and / or an inert substance filled inside a reactor tube, which is any of the present invention. This is a method of measuring the distance non-contactly with a length measuring device using the distance measuring device of.

FIG. 28 is a diagram for explaining an example of a proportional defect that does not have the guide member 200. In inverse proportion, the distance from the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910 to the solid matter 920 is measured only by the length measuring device 101 without having the guide member 200. In this inverse proportion, the measurer does not know whether or not the deviation of the measuring direction D1 of the length measuring device 101 from the axial length direction D2 of the reaction tube 910 is suppressed within the allowable range. Therefore, when measuring the distance with the length measuring device 101, the distance to the position of the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 above the solid matter 920 may be measured instead of the solid matter 920. As a result, it becomes necessary to repeat the measurement a plurality of times for one reaction tube 910. Therefore, the measurement of the distance from the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910 to the solid matter 920 becomes complicated, and the measurement takes a long time.

On the other hand, in the distance measuring method using the distance measuring device 10 of the first embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 3A, at least a part of the guide member 200 connected to the length measuring device 100 is connected to the reaction tube 910. It is inserted into the inside through the opening 911 of. Even if the direction (angle) or position of the measurement direction D1 to be measured by the length measuring device 100 is deviated, the guide member 200 is in contact with a part of the reaction tube 910 to enable the measurement. The deviation width of the direction D1 from the axial length direction D2 is suppressed. Then, the distance from the opening 911 to the solid object 920 is measured non-contactly by the length measuring device 100. As described above, it is not essential that the insertion type guide member 200 is in contact with a part of the reaction tube 910 at the moment when the distance is measured by the length measuring device 100.

In the above measurement method, the measurer simply inserts the guide member 200 into the reaction tube 910, suppresses the deviation width of the measurement direction D1 from the axial length direction D2, and makes the measurement direction D1 aware of the axial length direction D2. You can turn it without any trouble. Since the distance can be measured in this state, the distance to the position of the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 above the solid matter 920 is not measured. Therefore, when the distance is measured by the length measuring device 100, the distance from the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910 to the solid matter 920 can be reliably measured. As a result, it is not necessary to repeat the measurement a plurality of times for one reaction tube 910. Therefore, the distance from the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910 to the solid matter 920 can be measured easily and quickly without contact.

By shortening the measurement time of the filling height of the filling, it is possible to shorten the construction period during the filling / replacement work of the filling, reduce the cost associated with the work, and contribute to the improvement of the operating rate of the plant. .. Further, since the variation in the filling height of the catalyst or the like filled in the reaction tube 910 of the multi-tube reactor 900 can be efficiently suppressed, the contact reaction can be carried out in a preferable state.

In the measuring method of the present invention, not only the distance measuring device (first embodiment) provided with the pipe-shaped guide member as shown in FIG. 5, but also the clip-shaped guide member as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 (the first embodiment). A distance measuring device (fourth embodiment) including a guide member having a rod-shaped member as shown in the second embodiment and the third embodiment) and FIGS. 8 (A), 8 (B), and 8 (C). Form) can be used in the same manner. Further, a distance measuring device provided with a guide member as shown in the fifth to eighteenth embodiments can also be used in the same manner.

In the distance measuring method using the guide member 208 of the ninth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16, at least a part of the guide member 208 connected to the length measuring device 100 comes into contact with the end of the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910. Let me. Even if the length measuring instrument 100 moves in the horizontal direction and the position is displaced, the measurement can be performed by a part of the skirt portion 242 coming into contact with a part of the outer wall surface 918 of the reaction tube 910. The deviation width of the length measuring instrument 100 can be suppressed, and the distance from the opening 911 to the solid object 920 can be measured non-contactly by the length measuring instrument 100.

The distance measuring methods using the guide members 209A, 209B, and 209C of the tenth embodiment, the eleventh embodiment, and the twelfth embodiment are shown in FIGS. 17 (A), 17 (B), and 17 (C). As shown in, at least a part of the guide members 209A, 209B, and 209C connected to the length measuring instrument 100 is brought into contact with the end of the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910. Even when the length measuring instrument 100 moves in the horizontal direction and the position is displaced, the pipe portion 244 comes into contact with a part of the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 (FIGS. 17B and 17C). )), Or when the skirt portion 242 comes into contact with a part of the outer wall surface 918 of the reaction tube 910 (FIGS. 17 (A) and 17 (C)), the length measuring device 100 can be measured. The deviation width can be suppressed, and the distance from the opening 911 to the solid matter 920 can be measured non-contactly by the length measuring device 100.

In the distance measuring method using the guide member 210 of the thirteenth embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 18 (A) and 18 (B), at least a part of the guide member 210 connected to the length measuring device 100 is a reaction tube. Contact the end of the opening 911 of the 910. Even when the length measuring instrument 100 moves in the horizontal direction and the position is displaced, the step portion 247 is a part of the inner wall surface 912 of the reaction tube 910 or a part of the inner peripheral edge of the opening 911 of the reaction tube 910. The deviation width of the length measuring instrument 100 can be suppressed so that the measurement can be performed, and the distance from the opening 911 to the solid matter 920 can be measured non-contactly by the length measuring instrument 100. Become.

<Distance measurement method using the distance measurement unit 20 of the 19th embodiment>
Next, a distance measuring method using the distance measuring unit 20 will be described.

The distance measuring method in the present invention is formed in a reactor having a plurality of reaction tubes arranged in parallel with each other, with respect to at least a part of the reaction tubes in the axial length direction of the reaction tubes. A distance measuring method for non-contact measuring the distance from the opening to the granular solid of the catalyst and / or the inert substance filled inside the reactor tube, which is a guide member connected to the length measuring instrument. At least a portion is inserted internally through the opening of at least one reactor of the plurality of reactors and / or at least a portion of the guide member connected to the length gauge is at least one reaction of the plurality of reactors. This is a method in which the distance is measured non-contactly by a length measuring instrument in contact with the end of the opening of the pipe.

That is, one of the distance measuring methods in the present invention is a reactor having a plurality of reaction tubes arranged in parallel with each other, for at least a part of the reaction tubes in the axial length direction of the reaction tubes. A distance measuring method for non-contact measuring the distance from the opening formed at the end to the granular solid matter of the catalyst and / or the inert substance filled inside the reactor, which is the distance measuring method of the present invention. This is a method of non-contact measuring the distance with a length measuring device using a unit.

With reference to FIG. 27, first, the pair of arms 431a and 431b of the first connecting portion 431 is expanded and contracted, and the pitch s1 between the first length measuring instrument 111 and the second length measuring instrument 112 is set to the first reaction tube. The pitch p1 between 941 and the second reaction tube 942 is adjusted. Tighten the fixing screw 431c to fix the pitch s1 (= p1). Similarly, the pair of arms 432a and 432b of the second connecting portion 432 is expanded and contracted, and the pitch s2 between the second length measuring device 112 and the third length measuring device 113 is set to the second reaction tube 942 and the third reaction tube. Adjust to pitch p2 between 943. Tighten the fixing screw 432c to fix the pitch s2 (= p2). The pair of arms 433a and 433b of the third connecting portion 433 are expanded and contracted, and the pitch s3 between the third length measuring device 113 and the first length measuring device 111 is set between the third reaction tube 943 and the first reaction tube 941. Adjust to the pitch p3 between. Tighten the fixing screw 433c to fix the pitch s3 (= p3).

After adjusting and fixing the pitches s1, s2, and s3, the fixing screws 431d and 431e are tightened, the end of the arm 431a is fixed to the first length measuring instrument 111 in a non-rotating manner, and the end of the arm 431b is second. It is fixed to the length measuring device 112 in a non-rotating manner. Similarly, the fixing screws 432d and 432e are tightened, the end portion of the arm 432a is fixed to the second length measuring instrument 112 non-rotatingly, and the end portion of the arm 432b is fixed to the third length measuring instrument 113 non-rotatingly. The fixing screws 433d and 433e are tightened, the end of the arm 433a is fixed to the third length measuring device 113 in a non-rotating manner, and the end of the arm 433b is fixed to the first length measuring device 111 in a non-rotating manner. As a result, the plurality of length measuring instruments 111, 112, and 113 are connected to each other, and the plurality of length measuring instruments 111, 112, and 113 do not wobble when the distance measuring unit 20 is used. Further, the plurality of length measuring instruments 111, 112, and 113 connected by the connecting portion 430 have the measurement directions D1 parallel to each other.

Next, as in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3 (A), at least a part of the guide member 420 connected to the first length measuring instrument 111 for measuring the distance in a non-contact manner is attached to the first reaction tube 941. Insert inside through opening 911. Even if the direction (angle) or position of the measurement direction D1 measured by the first length measuring device 111 deviates, the measurement direction is caused by a part of the guide member 420 coming into contact with a part of the first reaction tube 941. Since the deviation width of D1 from D2 in the axial length direction is suppressed, measurement becomes possible. As a result of suppressing the deviation width of the measurement direction D1 of the first length measuring instrument 111 and the position by the guide member 420, the direction (angle) of the measuring direction D1 of the second length measuring instrument 112 and the third length measuring instrument 113 ) And the deviation width of the position can be suppressed. As a result, the measurement direction D1 measured by each of the first length measuring device 111, the second length measuring device 112, and the third length measuring device 113 is set to the first reaction tube 941, the second reaction tube 942, and the third reaction tube 943. As a result, the distance from the opening 911 to the solid matter 920 can be measured non-contactly by the first to third length measuring instruments 111 to 113. As described above, it is not essential that the insertion type guide member 420 is in contact with a part of the first reaction tube 941 at the moment when the distance is measured by the first to third length measuring instruments 111 to 113. ..

In the measurement method using the distance measurement unit 20 of the 19th embodiment, the measurer simply inserts the guide member 420 into the first reaction tube 941 and the measurement directions of the first to third length measuring instruments 111 to 113 are obtained. By suppressing the deviation width of D1 from the axial length direction D2, the measurement directions D1 of the first to third length measuring instruments 111 to 113 are not conscious of the axial length direction D2 of the first to third reaction tubes 914 to 943. Can be turned. Since the distance can be measured in this state, the distance from the inner wall surface 912 of the first to third reaction tubes 914 to 943 to the position above the solid matter 920 is not measured. Therefore, when the distance is measured by the first to third length measuring instruments 111 to 113, the distance from the opening 911 of the first to third reaction tubes 914 to 943 to the solid matter 920 can be reliably measured. .. As a result, it is not necessary to repeat the measurement a plurality of times for each of the first to third reaction tubes 94 to 943. Therefore, the distance from the opening 911 of the first to third reaction tubes 914 to 943 to the solid matter 920 can be measured easily and quickly without contact.

Moreover, by inserting the guide member 420 into one first reaction tube 941, it is possible to perform measurements on the three first to third reaction tubes 941 to 943, and the measurement work can be performed even more quickly. it can.

Although the distance measuring device, the distance measuring unit, and the distance measuring method of the present invention have been described above through various embodiments and modifications, the present invention is not limited to the contents described in the specification, and claims for a patent. It is possible to change as appropriate based on the description of the range of.

10, 11, 12, 13 Distance measuring device 20 Distance measuring unit 100, 101, 110 Length measuring device 111 First length measuring device 112 Second length measuring device 113 Third length measuring device 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209A, 209B, 209C, 210, 211, 212, 213 Guide member 221 Through hole 222 Clip part 223 Leg part 224 Leg part 225 Clip part 226 First leg part 227 Second leg part 228 Rod-shaped Members 231, 232 Notched end 234 Drilling hole 241 Lid 242 Skirt 243 Lid surface 244 Pipe part 245 Lid part 246 Convex part 247 Step part 248 Lid surface 251 First leg part 252 Second leg part 253 Clip part 261 1st leg 262 2nd leg 263 Clip part 264 Spring member 271 Rod-shaped member 272 Long hole 273 Spring member 274 Base 300 Adapter 310 Main body 311 Side wall 312 Back wall 313 Bottom wall 314 Front wall 315 Window 316 Through hole 317 Butterfly Screw 320 Guide member 340 Adapter 341 Top wall 342 Free cloud stand 420 Guide member 430 Connecting part 431 First connecting part 431a, 431b Arm 431c, 431d, 431e Fixing screw 432 Second connecting part 432a, 432b Arm 432c, 432d, 432e Fixing Screw 433 Third connecting part 433a, 433b Arm 433c, 433d, 433e Fixed screw 900 Reactor 910 Reaction tube 911 Opening 912 Inner wall surface 913 Lower end opening 914 First layer 915 Second layer 916 Tube plate surface 917 Wall part 918 Outer wall surface 920 Solid material 930 Reaction tube 940 Reaction tube 941 First reaction tube 942 Second reaction tube 943 Third reaction tube CL Clearance between guide member and reaction tube D1 Measurement direction of length gauge D2 Shaft length of reaction tube Direction L1 Maximum distance in the axial length direction from the opening to the solid material L2 Length of the guide member M1, M2 Solid material of different types Φ1 Inner diameter of the reaction tube Φ2 Outer diameter of the guide member having a pipe shape θ1 Measured with the axial length direction Maximum permissible angle formed by the measurement direction measured by the length device

Claims (9)

In a reactor having a plurality of reaction tubes arranged in parallel with each other, the reaction tubes of at least a part of the plurality of reaction tubes are described from the openings formed at the axial end portions of the reaction tubes. A distance measuring device that non-contactly measures the distance to a granular solid of a catalyst and / or an inert substance filled inside a reactor tube.
With a length measuring instrument
It has a guide member connected to the length measuring instrument and
The guide member has a portion inserted into at least one of the reaction tubes through the opening of the reaction tube, and / or the guide member is at least one of the reaction tubes. A distance measuring device having at least a portion having a surface in contact with the end of the opening of the reaction tube and a portion capable of contacting at least one part of the wall surface of the reaction tube of the plurality of reaction tubes. The distance measurement according to claim 1, wherein the guide member sets the angle formed by the axial length direction and the measurement direction measured by the length measuring device to be less than the maximum allowable angle θ1 represented by the following formula (1). apparatus.
θ1 = arctan (Φ1 / L1) (1)
Here,
Φ1: Inner diameter of reaction tube L1: Maximum distance from opening to solid matter in axial length direction The guide member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the relationship between the clearance (CL) with the reaction tube and the length (L2) satisfies the relationship represented by the following formula (2). Distance measuring device.
CL / L2 <0.5 × Φ1 / L1 (2)
Here,
Φ1: Inner diameter of reaction tube L1: Maximum distance from opening to solid in axial length CL: Clearance between guide member and reaction tube L2: Length of guide member Any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the guide member has a pipe shape inserted into the inside of the reaction tube with a clearance represented by the following formula (3) between the guide member and the inner wall of the reaction tube. The distance measuring device according to the section.
CL = Φ1-Φ2 (3)
Here,
Φ1: Inner diameter of reaction tube Φ2: Outer diameter of guide member having pipe shape The guide member has a tubular member having a pipe shape, and the tubular member has at least one of a notch forming an arc, a hole penetrating the peripheral wall, and a recess recessed from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface. The distance measuring device according to claim 4, further comprising one. The distance measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the guide member has a clip portion including a pair of legs capable of sandwiching the wall portion of the reaction tube. The distance according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the guide member has at least three rod-shaped members that expand outward in the radial direction of the reaction tube and can come into contact with the inner wall of the reaction tube. measuring device. In a reactor having a plurality of reaction tubes arranged in parallel with each other, the reaction tubes of at least a part of the plurality of reaction tubes are described from the openings formed at the axial end portions of the reaction tubes. A distance measuring unit that non-contactly measures the distance to a granular solid of a catalyst and / or an inert substance filled inside a reactor tube.
With multiple length measuring instruments
A guide member connected to at least one of the length measuring instruments,
A connecting portion that connects the plurality of length measuring instruments to each other,
Have,
The measurement directions of the plurality of length measuring instruments connected by the connecting portion are parallel to each other.
The guide member has a portion inserted into the inside through the opening of at least one of the reaction tubes of the plurality of reaction tubes, and / or the guide member is at least one of the reaction tubes of the reaction tubes. A distance measuring unit having at least a portion having a surface in contact with the end of the opening of the reaction tube and a portion capable of contacting at least one part of the wall surface of the reaction tube of the plurality of reaction tubes. In a reactor having a plurality of reaction tubes arranged in parallel with each other, the reaction tubes of at least a part of the plurality of reaction tubes are described from the openings formed at the axial end portions of the reaction tubes. A distance measuring method that non-contactly measures the distance to a granular solid of a catalyst and / or an inert substance filled inside a reactor tube.
At least a part of the guide member connected to the length measuring device is inserted into the inside through the opening of at least one of the reaction tubes of the plurality of reaction tubes, and / or the guide member connected to the length measuring device. A distance measuring method in which at least a part of the reaction tube is brought into contact with the end of the opening of at least one of the reaction tubes, and the distance is measured non-contactly by the length measuring device.